FCRL5

gene
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Also known as FCRH5IRTA2BXMAS1CD307e

Summary

FCRL5 (Fc receptor like 5, HGNC:18508) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1q23.1, encoding Fc receptor-like protein 5 (Q96RD9). Plays an important role in B-cell response to antigen that acts both as a negative or positive coreceptor.

This gene encodes a member of the immunoglobulin receptor superfamily and the Fc-receptor like family. This gene and several other Fc receptor-like gene members are clustered on the long arm of chromosome 1. The encoded protein is a single-pass type I membrane protein and contains 8 immunoglobulin-like C2-type domains. This gene is implicated in B cell development and lymphomagenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.

Source: NCBI Gene 83416 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 4
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 165 total
  • Druggable target: yes
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_031281

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:18508
Approved symbolFCRL5
NameFc receptor like 5
Location1q23.1
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesFCRH5, IRTA2, BXMAS1, CD307e
Ensembl geneENSG00000143297
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM605877
Entrez83416

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 9 — 5 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 4 protein_coding

ENST00000361835, ENST00000368189, ENST00000368190, ENST00000461387, ENST00000462218, ENST00000481082, ENST00000483875, ENST00000497286, ENST00000908742

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_031281 NM_001195388, NM_031281

CCDS: CCDS1165

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000361835 — 17 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE00001054960157552332157552515
ENSE00001264413157527617157527895
ENSE00001264419157534614157534892
ENSE00001264430157539086157539364
ENSE00001264598157542859157543137
ENSE00003479129157549560157549580
ENSE00003528854157546943157547197
ENSE00003544831157518429157518497
ENSE00003561540157518700157518782
ENSE00003568030157544262157544546
ENSE00003581045157519743157519770
ENSE00003583056157513377157515764
ENSE00003589093157544831157545082
ENSE00003596041157524279157524557
ENSE00003657132157520431157520547
ENSE00003669508157515842157515873
ENSE00003677470157521017157521292

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 147 present calls, max score 93.29.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 1.4360 / max 224.8713, expressed in 93 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
152691.370192
2017630.033617
2017640.018311
152680.01407

Top tissues by expression

246 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
spleenUBERON:000210693.29gold quality
lymph nodeUBERON:000002992.66gold quality
bone marrow cellCL:000209290.93gold quality
granulocyteCL:000009489.85gold quality
ileal mucosaUBERON:000033189.73gold quality
vermiform appendixUBERON:000115489.71gold quality
buccal mucosa cellCL:000233685.27gold quality
caecumUBERON:000115385.22gold quality
pylorusUBERON:000116685.18gold quality
tonsilUBERON:000237284.52gold quality
epithelium of nasopharynxUBERON:000195180.77gold quality
superficial temporal arteryUBERON:000161479.96gold quality
mucosa of transverse colonUBERON:000499179.53gold quality
bone marrowUBERON:000237177.99gold quality
bloodUBERON:000017877.51gold quality
rectumUBERON:000105277.48gold quality
colonic epitheliumUBERON:000039776.35gold quality
spermCL:000001976.03silver quality
small intestine Peyer’s patchUBERON:000345476.00gold quality
trabecular bone tissueUBERON:000248375.80gold quality
small intestineUBERON:000210874.31gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testisCL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:000047373.64gold quality
duodenumUBERON:000211472.60gold quality
cardia of stomachUBERON:000116271.01gold quality
minor salivary glandUBERON:000183070.81gold quality
saliva-secreting glandUBERON:000104470.34gold quality
epithelial cell of pancreasCL:000008370.18gold quality
thymusUBERON:000237069.22silver quality
transverse colonUBERON:000115768.81gold quality
mouth mucosaUBERON:000372968.80gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 11 experiment(s), a significant marker in 11.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-GEOD-180759yes449.91
E-GEOD-135922yes271.48
E-CURD-88yes110.75
E-CURD-46yes52.02
E-CURD-122yes50.92
E-HCAD-1yes47.20
E-HCAD-4yes46.42
E-MTAB-8410yes43.00
E-ANND-3yes34.99
E-HCAD-11yes22.81
E-MTAB-10553yes13.15

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): RBPJ

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

67 targeting FCRL5, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4533100.0069.482758
HSA-MIR-4455100.0065.481587
HSA-MIR-3134100.0066.43777
HSA-MIR-150-5P99.9966.691976
HSA-MIR-1236-3P99.9468.041695
HSA-MIR-589-3P99.9169.622088
HSA-MIR-30A-3P99.8769.742928
HSA-MIR-30D-3P99.8769.922917
HSA-MIR-30E-3P99.8769.682942
HSA-MIR-444799.8567.812900
HSA-MIR-607999.8468.541170
HSA-MIR-7110-5P99.8067.841712
HSA-MIR-6842-5P99.8067.541587
HSA-MIR-44899.7972.372103
HSA-MIR-430699.7270.503630
HSA-MIR-3059-5P99.7069.932491
HSA-MIR-5004-5P99.6866.631294
HSA-MIR-3934-5P99.6764.04846
HSA-MIR-488-3P99.6168.791731
HSA-MIR-6752-5P99.5967.321243
HSA-MIR-426199.5970.303415
HSA-MIR-129099.5969.902079
HSA-MIR-1212299.5669.331672
HSA-MIR-447299.5666.081478
HSA-MIR-1224-5P99.4865.59803
HSA-MIR-616599.4467.121389
HSA-MIR-431699.3765.751360
HSA-MIR-5589-3P99.2968.301443
HSA-MIR-520E-5P99.2768.901513
HSA-MIR-485-5P99.1064.781889

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 20)

  • Characterization and comparison of the structure and B-cell expression pattern of the entire family of IRTA genes, which includes 5 members contiguously located on chromosome. (PMID:11929751)
  • IRTA2 is expressed on the surface of human lymphoma cell lines and hairy cell leukemia cells (PMID:15671532)
  • results identify FcRH5 as a novel, direct target of EBNA2 that may contribute to the development of Epstein-Barr virus-associated tumors (PMID:16439682)
  • IRTA2/FcRH5 may have a role in hairy cell leukemia (PMID:16681430)
  • Fc receptor-like 1-5 molecules are similarly expressed in progressive and indolent clinical subtypes of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (PMID:18704934)
  • Down-regulation of FCRL5 is associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (PMID:18802695)
  • Single-nucleotide polymorphism in the FCRL5 gene and HLA-B27 is associated with ankylosing spondylitis. (PMID:19775371)
  • Three of the FCRL5 tag SNPs, rs6667109, rs3811035 and rs6692977 showed association with Graves’ disease. association with FCRL5 was secondary to linkage disequilibrium with the FCRL3, rs11264798 and rs10489678 SNPs. (PMID:20626413)
  • Enhanced proliferation and downstream isotype expression upon FCRL5 stimulation could reflect a physiological role for FCRL5 in the expansion and development of antigen-primed B cells. (PMID:22028333)
  • FcRL5 binds all immunoglobulin (Ig)G isotypes with varied efficiency. (PMID:22491254)
  • FCRL5 is a new type of receptor that recognizes intact IgG, possibly enabling B cells to sense Ig quality. Recognition of undamaged IgG molecules by FCRL5 could allow B cells to engage recently produced Abs. (PMID:23616577)
  • Data suggest that expression of FCRL5 (but not FCRL4) on surface of atypical (perhaps dysfunctional) memory B-Lymphocytes is up-regulated by exposure to Plasmodium falciparum antigens in subjects in Uganda where malaria is endemic. (PMID:25993340)
  • we found that FCRL5 expression is induced specifically upon BCR stimulation and dissected the molecular mechanism (PMID:27065451)
  • this study revealed that the FCRL5+ tissue-like memory subset responds poorly to multiple stimuli compared with the FCRL5- subset, as reflected by reduced calcium mobilization and blunted cell proliferation (PMID:27076679)
  • based on FCRL5 binding, we can discern distinct changes in the IgG2 molecule, including the disulfide isoform structure and charge variants related to deamidation. Since both IgG2 deamidation and conversion of disulfide isoforms occur in vivo, these findings elucidate the biological FCRL5 ligand. (PMID:29101848)
  • FCRL5 has dual signaling capacity, while CD21 co-engagement serves as molecular switch, converting FCRL5 from a negative to a positive co-receptor; in tissues, B cells that co-express FCRL5 and CD21 could robustly respond to IgG immune complexes loaded with C3 fragments (PMID:30107486)
  • This study identified novel Single nucleotide polymorphism in FCRL3 and FCRL5 significantly associated with the risk for asthma with comorbid allergic rhinitis in the Chinese population (PMID:30771554)
  • Fc receptor-like 4 and 5 define human atypical memory B cells. (PMID:32805738)
  • The rs6427384 and rs6692977 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the Fc Receptor-Like 5 (FCRL5) Gene and the Risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case Control Study in a Single Center in China. (PMID:32892204)
  • SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific memory B cells express higher levels of T-bet and FcRL5 after non-severe COVID-19 as compared to severe disease. (PMID:34936684)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Paralogs (17): FCGR2B (ENSG00000072694), FCRLA (ENSG00000132185), FCRL2 (ENSG00000132704), FCGR2A (ENSG00000143226), FCGR1A (ENSG00000150337), FCRL3 (ENSG00000160856), FCRLB (ENSG00000162746), FCGR3B (ENSG00000162747), FCRL4 (ENSG00000163518), FCRL1 (ENSG00000163534), FCER1A (ENSG00000179639), FCRL6 (ENSG00000181036), C17orf99 (ENSG00000187997), FCGR3A (ENSG00000203747), FCGR2C (ENSG00000244682), PECAM1 (ENSG00000261371), MILR1 (ENSG00000271605)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Fc receptor-like protein 5Q96RD9 (reviewed: Q96RD9)

Alternative names: BXMAS1, Fc receptor homolog 5, Immune receptor translocation-associated protein 2

All UniProt accessions (1): Q96RD9

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Plays an important role in B-cell response to antigen that acts both as a negative or positive coreceptor. Inhibits B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling in the absence of CR2 stimulation but engagement with CR2 and the BCR lead to a superior calcium response compared to CR2 and BCR costimulation. May be involved in B-cell development and differentiation in peripheral lymphoid organs and may be useful markers of B-cell stages. May have an immunoregulatory role in marginal zone B-cells. May play a role in fertilization.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with CR2. Interacts with CD19.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in marginal zone B-cells, immunoblasts, tonsillar germinal center centrocytes and in the intraepithelial and interfollicular regions of the tonsil. Expressed in many lymphoma cell lines and on hairy cell leukemia cells. Isoform 1, isoform 3, isoform 4 and isoform 5 are detected in lymph node, spleen, bone marrow, and small intestine with preponderance of isoform 3. Expressed in mature and memory B-cells and down-regulated in germinal center cells (at protein level).

Disease relevance. A chromosomal aberration involving FCRL5 has been found in cell lines with 1q21 abnormalities derived from Burkitt lymphoma. Duplication dup(1)(q21q32).

Domain organisation. Contains 2 copies of a cytoplasmic motif that is referred to as the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitor motif (ITIM).

Isoforms (5)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
Q96RD9-11, IRTA2cyes
Q96RD9-22
Q96RD9-33, IRTA2a
Q96RD9-44, IRTA2b
Q96RD9-55, IRTA2d

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001182317, NP_112571* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR003598Ig_sub2Domain
IPR003599Ig_subDomain
IPR007110Ig-like_domDomain
IPR013783Ig-like_foldHomologous_superfamily
IPR036179Ig-like_dom_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR050488Ig_Fc_receptorFamily

Pfam: PF13895

UniProt features (45 total): domain 8, disulfide bond 8, splice variant 8, sequence variant 7, short sequence motif 4, topological domain 2, sequence conflict 2, signal peptide 1, chain 1, region of interest 1, compositionally biased region 1, glycosylation site 1, transmembrane region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

2 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
9LODELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.16
9LOCELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.56

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q96RD9-F176.510.26

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Disulfide bonds (8): 44–85, 211–260, 308–355, 401–448, 494–541, 587–634, 680–727, 773–819

Glycosylation sites (1): 383

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 66 (showing top): GOBP_SINGLE_FERTILIZATION, GOBP_B_CELL_ACTIVATION, GOCC_CELL_SURFACE, GOBP_FERTILIZATION, VECCHI_GASTRIC_CANCER_EARLY_DN, GOCC_SIDE_OF_MEMBRANE, GOCC_RECEPTOR_COMPLEX, GOMF_TRANSMEMBRANE_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, ZHOU_INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE_LIVE_UP, GOMF_CORECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, CHICAS_RB1_TARGETS_CONFLUENT, GOCC_EXTERNAL_SIDE_OF_PLASMA_MEMBRANE, GOBP_LYMPHOCYTE_ACTIVATION, ZNF528_TARGET_GENES, ZNF768_TARGET_GENES

GO Biological Process (4): immune response (GO:0006955), cell surface receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007166), single fertilization (GO:0007338), B cell activation (GO:0042113)

GO Molecular Function (3): transmembrane signaling receptor activity (GO:0004888), coreceptor activity (GO:0015026), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (5): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), external side of plasma membrane (GO:0009897), cell surface (GO:0009986), signaling receptor complex (GO:0043235), membrane (GO:0016020)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
signaling receptor activity2
cellular anatomical structure2
immune system process1
response to stimulus1
signal transduction1
fertilization1
lymphocyte activation1
binding1
membrane1
cell periphery1
plasma membrane1
cell surface1
side of membrane1
protein-containing complex1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1162 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
FCRL5GPRC5DQ9NZD1819
FCRL5PIGRP01833774
FCRL5BCL9O00512721
FCRL5CR2P20023587
FCRL5CD27P26842578
FCRL5CD19P15391545
FCRL5MUC1P13931538
FCRL5SLAMF7Q9NQ25533
FCRL5CD38P28907532
FCRL5CEP70Q8NHQ1526
FCRL5TNFRSF17Q02223506
FCRL5CD72P21854475
FCRL5MS4A2Q01362460
FCRL5TBX21Q9UL17453
FCRL5SDC1P18827442

IntAct

12 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
FCRL5AMOTL2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
CAGE1FCRL5psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
USHBP1FCRL5psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
FCRL5FCRL4psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.400
FCRL5A2ML1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
FCRL5AMOTL2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.000
FCRL5CAGE1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.000
FCRL5USHBP1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.000

BioGRID (14): A2ML1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ACPP (Affinity Capture-MS), SERPINB4 (Affinity Capture-MS), ME1 (Affinity Capture-MS), SERPINB3 (Affinity Capture-MS), TGM1 (Affinity Capture-MS), FCRL5 (Two-hybrid), FCRL5 (Two-hybrid), CAGE1 (Two-hybrid), FCRL5 (Affinity Capture-MS), FCRL4 (Affinity Capture-MS), FCRL5 (Affinity Capture-MS), FCRL5 (Affinity Capture-MS), FCRL5 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0K2S4Q6, A2A7V7, A6NI73, A8K4G0, O43699, O75019, O75022, O75023, O75871, O76036, P0C191, P20138, P24071, P40198, P59901, P80943, Q08708, Q13410, Q28110, Q3U497, Q496F6, Q64JA4, Q6GTX8, Q6ISS4, Q6PI73, Q6UXZ3, Q7TSN2, Q863H2, Q8C567, Q8K249, Q8MJZ2, Q8MJZ7, Q8N149, Q8N423, Q8N6C8, Q8NHJ6, Q8NHL6, Q8VBT3, Q8VCH2, Q95JB9

Diamond homologs: A0A0B4J1G0, A3RFZ7, E2RP87, G1T7E7, G1TR84, H0VDZ8, M3XWH1, O75015, P08101, P08508, P08637, P0DTI4, P12314, P12318, P12319, P12371, P20489, P26151, P27645, P31994, P31995, P79107, Q09TM2, Q09TM4, Q28110, Q28942, Q3B8P2, Q5DRQ8, Q60513, Q63203, Q6BAA4, Q6XPU4, Q8SPV8, Q8SPW2, Q920A9, Q92637, Q96PJ5, Q96RD9, Q9N2I5, A1YIY0

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

165 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance121
Likely benign22
Benign6

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

2626 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
1:157515874:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
1:157518499:T:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
1:157518499:T:TCacceptor_gain1.0000
1:157518780:CTC:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
1:157518782:CCTG:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
1:157518783:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
1:157518783:CTGTG:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
1:157518784:T:Aacceptor_loss1.0000
1:157521012:CTTA:Cdonor_loss1.0000
1:157521013:TTACC:Tdonor_loss1.0000
1:157521014:TA:Tdonor_loss1.0000
1:157521015:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
1:157521016:C:Adonor_loss1.0000
1:157521016:C:CCdonor_gain1.0000
1:157521288:CGGAA:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
1:157521293:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
1:157524558:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
1:157539365:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
1:157552326:ACT:Adonor_loss1.0000
1:157552327:CTC:Cdonor_loss1.0000
1:157552328:TCA:Tdonor_loss1.0000
1:157552329:CACCC:Cdonor_loss1.0000
1:157552330:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
1:157552330:A:Tdonor_loss1.0000
1:157552330:AC:Adonor_gain1.0000
1:157552331:C:CCdonor_gain1.0000
1:157552331:CC:Cdonor_gain1.0000
1:157552346:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
1:157515869:GGCCA:Gacceptor_gain0.9900
1:157515871:CCA:Cacceptor_gain0.9900

AlphaMissense

6275 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
1:157544327:C:GC260S0.985
1:157544328:A:TC260S0.985
1:157542918:C:GC355S0.982
1:157542919:A:TC355S0.982
1:157544474:C:GC211S0.982
1:157544475:A:TC211S0.982
1:157539145:C:GC448S0.975
1:157539146:A:TC448S0.975
1:157544334:A:CY258D0.973
1:157544422:G:CF228L0.973
1:157544422:G:TF228L0.973
1:157544424:A:GF228L0.973
1:157544474:C:TC211Y0.973
1:157544900:A:CY164D0.973
1:157546996:C:GC85S0.973
1:157546997:A:TC85S0.973
1:157544475:A:GC211R0.972
1:157539140:C:GA450P0.971
1:157539286:C:GC401S0.971
1:157539287:A:TC401S0.971
1:157544428:G:CF226L0.971
1:157544428:G:TF226L0.971
1:157544430:A:GF226L0.971
1:157543059:C:GC308S0.969
1:157543060:A:TC308S0.969
1:157534673:C:GC541S0.968
1:157534674:A:TC541S0.968
1:157539144:G:CC448W0.967
1:157534668:C:GA543P0.966
1:157521076:C:GC819S0.965

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000047883 (1:157531420 A>G), RS1000436157 (1:157548355 A>C), RS1000577338 (1:157548094 G>T), RS1000620773 (1:157553134 G>A), RS1000660992 (1:157526508 A>T), RS1000809787 (1:157520510 T>C), RS1000894800 (1:157538376 T>A), RS1001050827 (1:157532849 T>C), RS1001081329 (1:157515148 A>G), RS1001161999 (1:157516674 A>T), RS1001182070 (1:157549331 T>G), RS1001329775 (1:157543994 G>A), RS1001681569 (1:157516319 G>C,T), RS1001780949 (1:157522061 A>G), RS1001811921 (1:157521793 T>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:605877 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

4 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST001304_8Renal sinus fat8.000000e-06
GCST010724_2HOMA-B (corrected for HOMA-IR)3.000000e-07
GCST011096_4Systemic lupus erythematosus9.000000e-13
GCST90011866_6Systemic lupus erythematosus2.000000e-12

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0004864renal sinus adipose tissue measurement
EFO:0004469HOMA-B

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL6066101 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

9 total (human), top 9 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
testosterone undecanoateaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
theaflavin-3,3’-digallateaffects expression1
Arsenic Trioxideincreases expression1
Benzo(a)pyreneaffects methylation1
Endosulfandecreases expression1
Leaddecreases expression1
Silicon Dioxidedecreases expression1
Levonorgestrelaffects cotreatment, increases expression1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.