FGD2

Summary

FGD2 (FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 2, HGNC:3664) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 6p21.2, encoding FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 2 (Q7Z6J4). Activates CDC42, a member of the Ras-like family of Rho- and Rac proteins, by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which control cytoskeleton-dependent membrane rearrangements by activating the cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) protein. This gene is expressed in B lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The encoded protein may play a role in leukocyte signaling and vesicle trafficking in antigen-presenting cells in the immune system.

Source: NCBI Gene 221472 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 5
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 136 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_173558

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:3664
Approved symbol	FGD2
Name	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 2
Location	6p21.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	ZFYVE4
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000146192
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	605091
Entrez	221472

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 14 — 8 retained_intron, 3 protein_coding, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000274963, ENST00000373535, ENST00000459781, ENST00000464083, ENST00000470273, ENST00000487920, ENST00000487975, ENST00000489356, ENST00000493635, ENST00000494343, ENST00000497659, ENST00000718346, ENST00000718347, ENST00000944336

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_173558 NM_173558

CCDS: CCDS4829

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000274963 — 16 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001838885	37027948	37029069
ENSE00003503991	37020541	37020620
ENSE00003517388	37013962	37014100
ENSE00003518717	37020709	37020739
ENSE00003562896	37008834	37009065
ENSE00003569684	37025792	37025938
ENSE00003593529	37014646	37014704
ENSE00003595152	37013609	37013765
ENSE00003602393	37014892	37015038
ENSE00003615039	37010973	37011050
ENSE00003615336	37022239	37022370
ENSE00003616870	37011706	37011854
ENSE00003627868	37027429	37027575
ENSE00003630552	37021512	37021604
ENSE00003642655	37015768	37015860
ENSE00003972024	37005655	37005885

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 253 present calls, max score 97.71.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 9.6766 / max 350.3130, expressed in 473 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
67585	8.4507	465
67587	0.5657	177
67588	0.4703	167
67586	0.1897	106

Top tissues by expression

287 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	97.71	gold quality
mononuclear cell	CL:0000842	97.28	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	97.23	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	97.02	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	96.92	gold quality
epithelium of nasopharynx	UBERON:0001951	96.57	gold quality
medial globus pallidus	UBERON:0002477	94.92	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	94.86	gold quality
buccal mucosa cell	CL:0002336	94.81	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	93.94	gold quality
globus pallidus	UBERON:0001875	93.81	gold quality
trabecular bone tissue	UBERON:0002483	93.12	gold quality
cardia of stomach	UBERON:0001162	92.45	gold quality
trigeminal ganglion	UBERON:0001675	91.99	gold quality
subthalamic nucleus	UBERON:0001906	91.88	gold quality
inferior vagus X ganglion	UBERON:0005363	91.70	gold quality
lateral globus pallidus	UBERON:0002476	91.38	silver quality
caecum	UBERON:0001153	91.09	gold quality
ventral tegmental area	UBERON:0002691	91.00	gold quality
gingiva	UBERON:0001828	90.95	gold quality
dorsal root ganglion	UBERON:0000044	90.89	gold quality
gingival epithelium	UBERON:0001949	90.70	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	90.33	gold quality
pylorus	UBERON:0001166	90.28	gold quality
pharyngeal mucosa	UBERON:0000355	90.09	gold quality
decidua	UBERON:0002450	90.02	gold quality
sperm	CL:0000019	89.88	silver quality
superior surface of tongue	UBERON:0007371	89.60	gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulata	UBERON:0001966	89.53	gold quality
pericardium	UBERON:0002407	89.52	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 5 experiment(s), a significant marker in 5.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-89232	yes	1863.85
E-MTAB-6678	yes	433.40
E-ANND-3	yes	30.52
E-MTAB-9067	yes	12.63
E-MTAB-9801	yes	9.13

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

39 targeting FGD2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-126-5P	100.00	72.71	3180
HSA-MIR-4795-3P	100.00	74.62	4024
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-4283	100.00	66.42	2097
HSA-MIR-6851-5P	100.00	65.63	1294
HSA-MIR-3689D	100.00	66.14	1181
HSA-MIR-371B-5P	99.99	75.34	4759
HSA-MIR-373-5P	99.98	75.36	4753
HSA-MIR-616-5P	99.98	75.58	4775
HSA-MIR-6721-5P	99.93	68.92	2981
HSA-MIR-6508-5P	99.92	70.67	2465
HSA-MIR-153-5P	99.89	73.86	6317
HSA-MIR-6780A-5P	99.88	66.69	2776
HSA-MIR-8067	99.86	69.59	2260
HSA-MIR-1273H-5P	99.77	66.32	2471
HSA-MIR-4699-3P	99.71	70.15	3142
HSA-MIR-30B-3P	99.70	65.76	2325
HSA-MIR-3689A-3P	99.70	65.73	2306
HSA-MIR-3689B-3P	99.70	65.71	2311
HSA-MIR-3689C	99.70	65.71	2311
HSA-MIR-6779-5P	99.70	65.76	2363
HSA-MIR-1283	99.69	72.42	3009
HSA-MIR-6134	99.63	65.68	1537
HSA-MIR-7106-5P	99.53	67.47	3574
HSA-MIR-508-5P	99.41	64.25	1248
HSA-MIR-6799-5P	99.14	65.72	2093
HSA-MIR-485-5P	99.10	64.78	1889
HSA-MIR-6884-5P	99.10	64.50	1987
HSA-MIR-661	99.09	65.94	2062
HSA-MIR-7151-3P	99.04	69.72	2370

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 2)

• FGD2 has a role in leukocyte signaling and vesicle trafficking in cells specialized to present antigen in the immune system (PMID:18838382)
• Characterization of guanine nucleotide exchange activity of DH domain of human FGD2. (PMID:32681954)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Fgd2	ENSMUSG00000024013
rattus_norvegicus	Fgd2	ENSRNOG00000000528
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001366
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001490

Paralogs (10): FARP2 (ENSG00000006607), FGD1 (ENSG00000102302), FGD3 (ENSG00000127084), ARHGEF39 (ENSG00000137135), FGD4 (ENSG00000139132), FARP1 (ENSG00000152767), FGD5 (ENSG00000154783), FRMD7 (ENSG00000165694), FGD6 (ENSG00000180263), ECT2L (ENSG00000203734)

Protein

Protein identifiers

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 2 — Q7Z6J4 (reviewed: Q7Z6J4)

Alternative names: Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 4

All UniProt accessions (2): Q7Z6J4, H7BY95

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Activates CDC42, a member of the Ras-like family of Rho- and Rac proteins, by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Activates JNK1 via CDC42 but not RAC1. Binds to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 5-monophosphate, phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton. Nucleus. Early endosome. Early endosome membrane. Cell projection. Ruffle membrane.

Domain organisation. The FYVE-type zinc-finger is necessary for early endosome localization. Recruitment to endosomal membranes via this domain requires the presence of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate or other phosphatidylinositides. The PH domain is necessary for localization to the ruffle membrane. Recruitment to ruffle membrane occurs through binding of phosphoinositides by the PH domain. This domain also contributes to the lipid-binding properties of the protein. The DH domain is necessary for its ability to activate JNK1 via CDC42.

Miscellaneous. May be due to an intron retention.

Isoforms (4)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q7Z6J4-1	1	yes
Q7Z6J4-2	2
Q7Z6J4-4	3
Q7Z6J4-5	4

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_775829* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000219	DH_dom	Domain
IPR000306	Znf_FYVE	Domain
IPR001849	PH_domain	Domain
IPR011011	Znf_FYVE_PHD	Homologous_superfamily
IPR011993	PH-like_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR013083	Znf_RING/FYVE/PHD	Homologous_superfamily
IPR017455	Znf_FYVE-rel	Domain
IPR035899	DBL_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR035941	FGD1-4_PH2	Domain
IPR037797	FGD2_PH1	Domain
IPR051092	FYVE_RhoGEF_PH	Family
IPR055251	SOS1_NGEF_PH	Domain

Pfam: PF00169, PF00621, PF01363, PF22697

UniProt features (27 total): binding site 8, splice variant 8, domain 3, modified residue 3, chain 1, sequence variant 1, zinc finger region 1, region of interest 1, compositionally biased region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q7Z6J4-F1	77.12	0.38

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (8): 484; 489; 492; 510; 513; 464; 467; 481

Post-translational modifications (3): 11, 48, 654

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

3 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-193648	NRAGE signals death through JNK
R-HSA-416482	G alpha (12/13) signalling events
R-HSA-9013148	CDC42 GTPase cycle

MSigDB gene sets: 179 (showing top): GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_MORPHOGENESIS, GCANCTGNY_MYOD_Q6, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_GTPASE_ACTIVITY, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_SMALL_GTPASE_MEDIATED_SIGNAL_TRANSDUCTION, REACTOME_NRAGE_SIGNALS_DEATH_THROUGH_JNK, TGACCTY_ERR1_Q2, GOCC_RUFFLE, GOMF_GTPASE_BINDING, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_HYDROLASE_ACTIVITY, COATES_MACROPHAGE_M1_VS_M2_UP, MAF_Q6, GOBP_CELL_PROJECTION_ORGANIZATION, RGAGGAARY_PU1_Q6, GOBP_SMALL_GTPASE_MEDIATED_SIGNAL_TRANSDUCTION, GOBP_FILOPODIUM_ASSEMBLY

GO Biological Process (6): cytoskeleton organization (GO:0007010), regulation of cell shape (GO:0008360), actin cytoskeleton organization (GO:0030036), regulation of GTPase activity (GO:0043087), filopodium assembly (GO:0046847), regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction (GO:0051056)

GO Molecular Function (6): guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity (GO:0005085), zinc ion binding (GO:0008270), small GTPase binding (GO:0031267), phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding (GO:1901981), protein binding (GO:0005515), metal ion binding (GO:0046872)

GO Cellular Component (14): ruffle (GO:0001726), nucleus (GO:0005634), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), cytosol (GO:0005829), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), lamellipodium (GO:0030027), early endosome membrane (GO:0031901), ruffle membrane (GO:0032587), endosome (GO:0005768), early endosome (GO:0005769), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), membrane (GO:0016020), cell projection (GO:0042995)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-3 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Cell death signalling via NRAGE, NRIF and NADE	1
GPCR downstream signalling	1
RHO GTPase cycle	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	4
cell leading edge	2
plasma membrane bounded cell projection	2
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	2
cytoplasm	2
endomembrane system	2
organelle organization	1
regulation of cell morphogenesis	1
regulation of biological quality	1
cytoskeleton organization	1
actin filament-based process	1
GTPase activity	1
regulation of hydrolase activity	1
plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly	1
small GTPase-mediated signal transduction	1
regulation of intracellular signal transduction	1
GTP binding	1
GDP binding	1
GTPase regulator activity	1
transition metal ion binding	1
GTPase binding	1
phospholipid binding	1
binding	1
cation binding	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
early endosome	1
endosome membrane	1
ruffle	1
cell projection membrane	1
leading edge membrane	1
cytoplasmic vesicle	1
endosome	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

418 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
FGD2	GPSM3	Q9Y4H4	558
FGD2	KBTBD11	O94819	492
FGD2	TCF19	Q9Y242	489
FGD2	CRIP1	P50238	468
FGD2	INPP5F	Q9Y2H2	462
FGD2	SHC2	P98077	443
FGD2	ANKLE1	Q8NAG6	424
FGD2	ADAP2	Q9NPF8	407
FGD2	BCL2L14	Q9BZR8	340
FGD2	HLA-DQB2	P05538	319
FGD2	LRP8	Q14114	315
FGD2	C6orf15	Q6UXA7	299
FGD2	LTB	P78370	295
FGD2	DHCR24	Q15392	269
FGD2	E2F8	A0AVK6	265

IntAct

17 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
FGD2	KLHL12	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FGD2	TMEM239	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TMEM239	FGD2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PLEKHG4	FGD2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FGD2	RPRM	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
Arhgap15	FGD2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
FGD2	Arhgap18	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
FGD2	TCERG1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
RNPS1	FGD2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
FGD2	PLEKHG4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
FGD2	RPRM	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (27): FGD2 (Two-hybrid), TMEM239 (Two-hybrid), RPRM (Two-hybrid), PLEKHG4 (Two-hybrid), ARHGAP18 (Affinity Capture-Western), FGD2 (FRET), FGD2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TMEM263 (Affinity Capture-MS), MRPS28 (Affinity Capture-MS), PKP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TCERG1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ARHGAP18 (Affinity Capture-MS), CAND1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CSTA (Affinity Capture-MS), HMGN1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0G2JXN2, A2AWP8, O88842, O95267, P29590, P52734, P98174, Q1LY10, Q29RM4, Q2TBA3, Q3TAA7, Q3U0J8, Q3UTZ3, Q496Y0, Q4VX76, Q568M3, Q58D15, Q5BIM1, Q5JSP0, Q5R5M3, Q5R5T1, Q5REJ9, Q5W0U4, Q68FF6, Q69Z89, Q69ZK0, Q6PFY8, Q7TNM2, Q7Z4K8, Q7Z5H3, Q7Z6J4, Q80V85, Q8BY35, Q8BZ52, Q8C190, Q8N1F8, Q8TCU6, Q8WVR3, Q96JH8, Q99N48

Diamond homologs: A0A0D1E015, A0JMD2, A1CEK1, A1DFP5, A2QWA2, A4QTV1, A8QCE4, A8XJZ8, B0G126, B0WAQ0, B3MT31, B3P851, B4G2G5, B4IC49, B4JHI7, B4K982, B4M140, B4NFJ7, B4PRU6, D2H5P6, D3ZVP7, D4A8G9, E1BLZ4, F1MM41, F7EP40, O13821, O14964, O59722, O76902, O95405, O96838, P0CS26, P0CS27, P34756, P40343, Q05B78, Q08CN9, Q0CJV3, Q0P4S0, Q0U4Z8

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
FGD2	“up-regulates activity”	CDC42	“guanine nucleotide exchange factor”

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

136 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	108
Likely benign	5
Benign	8

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

3585 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
6:37009075:GGC:G	donor_gain	1.0000
6:37010961:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37011018:GCC:G	donor_gain	1.0000
6:37011063:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
6:37013605:GCA:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
6:37013607:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013607:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013608:G:GT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013608:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013608:GGA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013608:GGAC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013608:GGACA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013745:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
6:37013763:CAGG:C	donor_loss	1.0000
6:37013764:AGGTG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
6:37013765:GG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
6:37013766:GTG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
6:37013767:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
6:37013935:C:CA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013940:T:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013949:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013950:T:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013959:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37013960:A:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:37014099:GA:G	donor_gain	1.0000
6:37014101:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
6:37014106:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
6:37014126:GGGGC:G	donor_gain	1.0000
6:37014138:GCC:G	donor_gain	1.0000
6:37015034:TCTTG:T	donor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4295 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
6:37015791:T:G	C351W	0.999
6:37022302:T:C	C464R	0.999
6:37022347:C:G	H479D	0.999
6:37022302:T:A	C464S	0.998
6:37022303:G:C	C464S	0.998
6:37022304:C:G	C464W	0.998
6:37022323:T:C	F471L	0.998
6:37022325:C:A	F471L	0.998
6:37022325:C:G	F471L	0.998
6:37022350:C:G	H480D	0.998
6:37022353:T:A	C481S	0.998
6:37022353:T:C	C481R	0.998
6:37022354:G:C	C481S	0.998
6:37022355:C:G	C481W	0.998
6:37025798:T:C	C489R	0.998
6:37025861:T:C	C510R	0.998
6:37011034:T:C	L121P	0.997
6:37015790:G:A	C351Y	0.997
6:37020611:T:C	L398P	0.997
6:37020731:T:A	W409R	0.997
6:37020731:T:C	W409R	0.997
6:37022344:C:A	R478S	0.997
6:37022354:G:A	C481Y	0.997
6:37014011:C:A	P245Q	0.996
6:37014021:A:C	R248S	0.996
6:37014021:A:T	R248S	0.996
6:37015781:T:C	L348P	0.996
6:37015789:T:C	C351R	0.996
6:37022303:G:A	C464Y	0.996
6:37022303:G:T	C464F	0.996

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000463048 (6:37003898 G>A), RS1000791049 (6:37006956 G>A), RS1001133133 (6:37013025 A>T), RS1001260623 (6:37023737 G>A), RS1001474845 (6:37028766 G>A), RS1001776091 (6:37008150 G>A), RS1001785994 (6:37025403 G>C,T), RS1002109615 (6:37006844 C>A,G,T), RS1002111354 (6:37026302 C>T), RS1002144809 (6:37015110 C>G,T), RS1002304929 (6:37020864 GGGGA>G), RS1002363955 (6:37017190 T>C), RS1002380098 (6:37009430 CA>C), RS1002589521 (6:37022193 A>G,T), RS1002689750 (6:37016083 T>A,C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:605091 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): prostate cancer (MONDO:0008315)

Orphanet (1): Familial prostate cancer (Orphanet:1331)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

5 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002481_11	Acne (severe)	2.000000e-06
GCST004735_16	Epstein-Barr virus copy number in lymphoblastoid cell lines	3.000000e-06
GCST005790_69	Rosacea symptom severity	2.000000e-06
GCST007932_60	Medication use (thyroid preparations)	5.000000e-08
GCST90002393_77	Monocyte count	6.000000e-14

EFO canonical traits (3, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0009180	rosacea severity measurement
EFO:0009933	Thyroid preparation use measurement
EFO:0005091	monocyte count

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D011471	Prostatic Neoplasms	C04.588.945.440.770; C12.100.500.260.750; C12.100.500.565.625; C12.200.294.260.750; C12.200.294.565.625; C12.200.758.409.750; C12.900.619.750

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

18 total (human), top 18 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Nickel	increases expression	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	affects expression, decreases expression	2
Tretinoin	decreases expression, increases expression	2
sodium arsenate	increases abundance, decreases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	increases expression, affects response to substance	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
2-palmitoylglycerol	increases expression	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	decreases expression	1
theaflavin-3,3’-digallate	affects expression	1
Arsenic	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	1
Succimer	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Lipopolysaccharides	affects response to substance, increases expression	1
Perfume	increases expression	1
Smoke	increases expression	1
Antirheumatic Agents	decreases expression	1
Permethrin	increases expression	1
Magnetite Nanoparticles	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00029224	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment With Zoledronic Acid in Patients With Breast Cancer, Multiple Myeloma, and Prostate Cancer With Cancer Related Bone Lesions
NCT00035997	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Open-label Trial on the Effect of I.V. Zoledronic Acid 4 mg on Bone Density in Hormone Sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients With Bone Metastasis
NCT00063609	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Bone Loss in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy
NCT00103623	PHASE4	SUSPENDED	The Plenaxis® Experience Study
NCT00106392	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Safety and Efficacy Study of Prograf in the Prevention of Erectile Dysfunction After Radical Prostatectomy
NCT00185029	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	MR-Lymphography and Lymph Node Staging in Prostate Cancer
NCT00199485	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Angelica Sinensis for the Treatment of Hot Flashes in Men Undergoing LHRH Therapy for Prostate Cancer
NCT00219219	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Zoledronic Acid in the Prevention of Skeletal-related Events in Hormone Refractory and Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients With Bone Metastases
NCT00219271	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect Of Zoledronic Acid On Circulating And Bone Marrow-Residing Prostate Cancer Cells In Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
NCT00237146	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study to Evaluate Zoledronic Acid on Quality of Life and Skeletal-related Events as Adjuvant Treatment in Patients With Hormone-naïve Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastasis Who Have Undergone Orchiectomy
NCT00242554	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Open-label Phase IV Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of Zoledronic Acid in Patients With Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases
NCT00280098	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Docetaxel in the Treatment of Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer
NCT00293696	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Casodex/Zoladex Biomarkers in Localised Prostate Cancer
NCT00334139	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Bone Metabolism in Patients With Bone Metastasis and Prostate or Breast Cancer
NCT00375765	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects On Dihydrotestosterone Regulated Gene Expression In Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Or Prostate Cancer
NCT00391690	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Bone Markers as Diagnostic Tools for Early Detection of Bone Metastases in Patients With High Risk Prostate Cancer
NCT00422708	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Local Anesthesia for Prostate Biopsy
NCT00526331	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Arterial Pressure Based Cardiac Output for Goal-Directed Perioperative Therapy
NCT00590213	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Compare the Value of Prophylactic Versus Therapeutic Breast Radiotherapy in CASODEX
NCT00629330	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Dissemination of Prostate Cancer Screening to PCP’s in African American Communities
NCT00771966	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Radical Prostatectomy and Perioperative Fluid Therapy
NCT00805701	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study Assessing The Efficacy And Safety Of Avodart (Dutasteride) At Improving Urinary Symptoms In Men With Prostate Cancer Who Are Undergoing Seed Implantation
NCT00859027	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect Of Risedronate On Bone Mass In Older Men Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy For Prostate Cancer
NCT00906269	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Can Hyperbaric Oxygen Improve Erectile Function Following Surgery for Prostate Cancer
NCT00953277	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Nerve Reconstruction Using AVANCE in Subjects Who Undergo Robotic Assisted Prostatectomy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer
NCT00982800	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Does Postoperative Gabapentin Reduce Pain, Opioid Consumption and Anxiety and Have a Positive Effect on Health Related Quality of Life After Radical Prostatectomy?
NCT01083199	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Global Performance Evaluation of the AMS CONTINUUM™ Device
NCT01136226	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluate Recovery of Testosterone for Patients Using Eligard
NCT01161563	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Randomized Crossover Trial to Assess the Tolerability of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Analogue Administration
NCT01230905	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study to Monitor the Effects of Androgen Suppression Treatment on the Heart
NCT01296672	PHASE4	COMPLETED	3 Month Finasteride Challenge Test Can Significantly Improve the Performance of Screening for Prostate Cancer
NCT01365143	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Robotic Versus Open Radical Prostatectomy
NCT01379742	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Comparison of Between ThinSeed™ and OncoSeed™ for Permanent Prostate Brachytherapy
NCT01486563	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Hydroxyethyl Starch and Renal Function After Radical Prostatectomy
NCT01511874	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety Study of ELIGARD 22.5mg With Prostate Cancer
NCT01512472	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Firmagon (Degarelix) Intermittent Therapy
NCT01547416	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Combined General/Epidural Anesthesia Versus General Anesthesia on Diaphragmatic Function
NCT01571544	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Use of Thermal Suits as Preventing Hypothermia During Surgery
NCT01581749	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Evaluation of Truebeam for Low-Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer
NCT01649635	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Cabazitaxel Combined With Prednisone and Prophylaxis of Neutropenia Complications in the Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer