FGF2

Summary

FGF2 (fibroblast growth factor 2, HGNC:3676) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 4q28.1, encoding Fibroblast growth factor 2 (P09038). Acts as a ligand for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members bind heparin and possess broad mitogenic and angiogenic activities. This protein has been implicated in diverse biological processes, such as limb and nervous system development, wound healing, and tumor growth. The mRNA for this gene contains multiple polyadenylation sites, and is alternatively translated from non-AUG (CUG) and AUG initiation codons, resulting in five different isoforms with distinct properties. The CUG-initiated isoforms are localized in the nucleus and are responsible for the intracrine effect, whereas, the AUG-initiated form is mostly cytosolic and is responsible for the paracrine and autocrine effects of this FGF.

Source: NCBI Gene 2247 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 11
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 68 total — 1 likely-pathogenic
• Druggable target: yes — 1 molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity
• Transcription factor: yes — 10 downstream targets (CollecTRI)
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001361665

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:3676
Approved symbol	FGF2
Name	fibroblast growth factor 2
Location	4q28.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000138685
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	134920
Entrez	2247

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 3 — 3 protein_coding

ENST00000264498, ENST00000608478, ENST00000644866

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_001361665 NM_001361665, NM_002006

CCDS: CCDS34059, CCDS93618

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000644866 — 3 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000970285	122876321	122876424
ENSE00001081614	122892211	122898236
ENSE00003705888	122826831	122827352

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 232 present calls, max score 93.75.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 39.3252 / max 699.6091, expressed in 1270 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (3 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
49546	38.4242	1259
49547	0.4712	260
49545	0.4297	252

Top tissues by expression

286 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
cartilage tissue	UBERON:0002418	93.75	gold quality
choroid plexus epithelium	UBERON:0003911	93.21	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	89.14	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	86.26	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	85.92	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	85.77	gold quality
adipose tissue	UBERON:0001013	84.82	gold quality
pigmented layer of retina	UBERON:0001782	84.66	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	84.07	gold quality
connective tissue	UBERON:0002384	84.03	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	83.75	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	83.74	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	83.65	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	82.88	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	82.79	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	82.41	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	82.39	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	82.36	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	82.35	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	82.29	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	82.23	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	82.08	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	81.77	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	81.72	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	81.68	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	81.46	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	81.45	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	81.31	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	81.31	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	80.98	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 6 experiment(s), a significant marker in 4.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-7249	yes	18882.71
E-MTAB-8559	yes	945.99
E-MTAB-7052	yes	571.63
E-ANND-3	yes	4.49
E-CURD-10	no	263.65
E-MTAB-6142	no	19.17

Regulation

Is transcription factor: yes

Downstream targets (CollecTRI)

10 targets.

Target	Regulation
ALPL	Repression
ANKH	Activation
BMP2	Activation
ENPP1	Activation
FGFR1	Repression
GPC1	Repression
HBA1	Repression
HBB	Repression
MMP13	Activation
TGFB1	Activation

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AP1, APLN, AR, ATF4, BMP4, CREB1, CREB3L1, DBP, DLX4, DLX5, E2F3, EGR1, EGR2, EIF2AK3, EPAS1, ERG, ESR1, ETS2, ETV3, FOS, FOSL1, FOSL2, FOXF1, GATA4, HDAC5, HHEX, HIF1A, HLF, HOXA10, HOXA9, HOXB7, HOXB9, ID1, ID3, JUN, KMT2A, LMO2, MBD1, MYB, MYBL2

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

219 targeting FGF2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-6867-5P	100.00	82.21	3464
HSA-MIR-5692A	100.00	74.40	6850
HSA-MIR-340-5P	100.00	72.50	4437
HSA-MIR-450A-1-3P	100.00	69.33	1837
HSA-MIR-126-5P	100.00	72.71	3180
HSA-MIR-3120-5P	100.00	65.56	965
HSA-MIR-3646	100.00	73.56	5283
HSA-MIR-5011-5P	100.00	83.46	5820
HSA-MIR-4795-3P	100.00	74.62	4024
HSA-LET-7A-3P	100.00	74.03	3932
HSA-LET-7B-3P	100.00	74.08	3913
HSA-LET-7F-1-3P	100.00	74.02	3928
HSA-MIR-98-3P	100.00	74.08	3907
HSA-MIR-432-3P	100.00	67.86	705
HSA-MIR-4510	100.00	66.60	2050
HSA-MIR-548C-3P	99.99	74.01	7587
HSA-MIR-3185	99.99	68.12	1959
HSA-MIR-186-5P	99.99	70.83	3707
HSA-MIR-223-3P	99.99	70.14	1140
HSA-MIR-511-3P	99.99	68.85	1467
HSA-MIR-4282	99.99	75.36	6408
HSA-MIR-103A-3P	99.98	69.14	1595
HSA-MIR-107	99.98	69.14	1595
HSA-MIR-4650-5P	99.98	64.69	999
HSA-MIR-568	99.98	69.86	2084
HSA-MIR-499A-5P	99.98	70.79	1323
HSA-MIR-4803	99.98	71.99	3117
HSA-MIR-25-3P	99.98	74.60	1817
HSA-MIR-363-3P	99.98	74.72	1821

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Significant association with poor survival by bFGF. (PMID:11742492)
• Snake venom disintegrin significantly suppresses basic fibroblast growth factor-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation, but has little effect on normal growth of the cell. (PMID:11864711)
• Expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was significantly associated with increased microvessel density in cutaneous melanomas (PMID:11891198)
• b-FGF serum levels were significantly higher in patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders. (PMID:11891801)
• bFGF up-regulated UPA in both normal and dystrophic myoblasts. (PMID:11928807)
• Phosphorylation of STAT-3 in response to basic fibroblast growth factor occurs through a mechanism involving platelet-activating factor, JAK-2, and Src in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (PMID:11940567)
• Phorbol esters inhibit fibroblast growth factor-2-stimulated fibroblast proliferation by a p38 MAP kinase dependent pathway (PMID:11960370)
• HTLV-I-transformed T cells, but not HTLV-I-negative CD4(+) T cells, secrete biologically active forms of VEGF and bFGF and induce angiogenesis in vitro. (PMID:11964307)
• stress-induced release from endothelial cells mediated by integrin alpha v beta 3 (PMID:11976347)
• plasma basic fibroblast growth factor may have a role in progression of multiple myleoma (PMID:11985797)
• level spontaneously secreted by patient CLL B-cells quantified; consistently secreted in all patient samples. (PMID:11986954)
• REVIEW: Association of expression of bFGF with clinical characteristics in human leukemia and lymphoma (PMID:11999550)
• FGF2 binds to heparin-derived oligosaccharides and stimulates phosphorylation of p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase and proliferation of rat mammary fibroblasts. (PMID:12000311)
• Basic fibroblast growth factor may control proteolysis and fibrinolysis in vessel walls by inducing plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression in vascular endothelium. (PMID:12006402)
• possible role of fibroblast growth factors in expression of genes of the plasminogen activator system in breast fibroblasts (PMID:12008951)
• role for farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase in fibroblast growth factor-mediated signal transduction (PMID:12020352)
• Biological activity of substrate-bound basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2): recruitment of FGF receptor-1 in endothelial cell adhesion contacts (PMID:12032827)
• FGF-2 and TPA induce matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion in MCF-7 cells through PKC activation of the Ras/ERK pathway. (PMID:12054499)
• bFGF and aFGF may suppress endothelial-dependent monocyte recruitment and thus have an anti-inflammatory action during angiogenesis in chronic inflammation but inhibit the immunoinflammatory tumor defense mechanism (PMID:12057924)
• Noninvasive dynamic fluorescence imaging of human melanomas reveals that targeted inhibition of bFGF or FGFR-1 in melanoma cells blocks tumor growth by apoptosis. (PMID:12080186)
• expression associated with poor outcome in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (PMID:12087465)
• FGF2 has a role in controlling normal and premature cranial ossification in humans [review] (PMID:12168799)
• results show that Hensen’s node and FGFs induce ectopic expression of cardiac lineage markers, and that FGF and TGFbeta family members can modulate early development of the heart (PMID:12172783)
• Serum levels of angiogenin, basic fibroblast growth factor and endostatin in patients receiving intensive chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia. (PMID:12209593)
• FGF-2 is a novel modulator of Lef/Tcf-beta-catenin signaling in endothelial cells (PMID:12235165)
• BFGF may sensitively regulate local bone resorption and remodeling through direct and indirect mechanisms that promote angiogenesis and OC recruitment, formation, differentiation, and activated bone pit resorption. (PMID:12369790)
• This protein has a modulating control of the differentiation of human osteosarcoma cells. (PMID:12393937)
• Data show that FGF/FGFR signaling stimulates the DNA-binding and transcriptional activities of Runx2 as well as its expression, and these are largely regulated by the PKC pathway. (PMID:12403780)
• FGF2 and VEGF release by platelets support cell survival and cell growth of vascular endothelium cells in coculture. (PMID:12428103)
• FGF2 is inhibited by glypican 3 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (PMID:12478660)
• EphA2 does not inhibit endothelial cell survival, migration, sprouting, and corneal angiogenesis induced by this protein. (PMID:12496364)
• The determination of bFGF will be helpful in estimating the size of infarct lesion at acute stage of cerebral infarction. (PMID:12509902)
• Paracrine interactions of basic fibroblast growth factor and interleukin-6 in multiple myeloma (PMID:12517814)
• bFGF has a stimulating role in lymphangiogenesis (PMID:12538477)
• umbilical cords of 10 control and 10 pre-eclamptic newborns demonstrated that both the umbilical cord arterial wall and Wharton’s jelly contain FGF mainly in complexes with the components of different molecular mass (PMID:12545206)
• Fibroblast growth factor-2-induced signaling is mediated through lipid raft-associated fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 (PMID:12571252)
• IL-6r and TNF-alpha increase in parallel to VEGF and FGF-2 with increasing stage of multiple myeloma. (PMID:12574959)
• VEGF, but not bFGF, was associated with higher tumor grading of NHL and high-grade transformation of low-grade lymphoma. (PMID:12607599)
• reduction of neointimal hyperplasia was observed in autologous vein grafts treated by Sendai virus human-fibroblast growth factor 2; these grafts demonstrated significant restoration of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation (PMID:12623787)
• IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, and bFGF are involved in bone remodeling regulation, acting as local effectors, possibly under the control of PTH. (PMID:12631070)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Fgf2	ENSMUSG00000037225
rattus_norvegicus	Fgf2	ENSRNOG00000017392

Paralogs (21): FGF10 (ENSG00000070193), FGF22 (ENSG00000070388), FGF4 (ENSG00000075388), FGF20 (ENSG00000078579), FGF14 (ENSG00000102466), FGF9 (ENSG00000102678), FGF21 (ENSG00000105550), FGF8 (ENSG00000107831), FGF6 (ENSG00000111241), FGF1 (ENSG00000113578), FGF12 (ENSG00000114279), FGF23 (ENSG00000118972), FGF13 (ENSG00000129682), FGF5 (ENSG00000138675), FGF7 (ENSG00000140285), FGF18 (ENSG00000156427), FGF17 (ENSG00000158815), FGF11 (ENSG00000161958), FGF19 (ENSG00000162344), FGF3 (ENSG00000186895), FGF16 (ENSG00000196468)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Fibroblast growth factor 2 — P09038 (reviewed: P09038)

Alternative names: Basic fibroblast growth factor, Heparin-binding growth factor 2

All UniProt accessions (3): P09038, A0A0A0MQV6, D9ZGF5

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Acts as a ligand for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Also acts as an integrin ligand which is required for FGF2 signaling. Binds to integrin ITGAV:ITGB3. Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as a potent mitogen in vitro. Can induce angiogenesis. Mediates phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and thereby promotes retinal lens fiber differentiation.

Subunit / interactions. Monomer. Homodimer. Interacts with FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Affinity between fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors is increased by heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans that function as coreceptors. Interacts with CSPG4, FGFBP1 and TEC. Found in a complex with FGFBP1, FGF1 and FGF2. Interacts with FGFBP3. Interacts with integrin ITGAV:ITGB3; the interaction is required for FGF2 signaling. Interacts with SNORC (via the extracellular domain). Interacts with glypican GPC3.

Subcellular location. Secreted. Nucleus.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in granulosa and cumulus cells. Expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, but not in non-cancerous liver tissue.

Post-translational modifications. Phosphorylation at Tyr-215 regulates FGF2 unconventional secretion. Several N-termini starting at positions 94, 125, 126, 132, 143 and 162 have been identified by direct sequencing.

Miscellaneous. This protein binds heparin more strongly than does aFGF. Starts at an alternative CUG codon. Starts at an alternative CUG codon. Starts at an alternative CUG codon.

Similarity. Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.

Isoforms (4)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
P09038-4	1	yes
P09038-1	2
P09038-2	3
P09038-3	4

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001348594, NP_001997 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002209	Fibroblast_GF_fam	Family
IPR008996	IL1/FGF	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00167

UniProt features (57 total): strand 15, modified residue 7, splice variant 5, mutagenesis site 5, helix 5, site 3, sequence conflict 3, turn 3, compositionally biased region 3, region of interest 2, short sequence motif 2, propeptide 1, chain 1, cross-link 1, binding site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

25 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
8OM6	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.31
8HU7	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.4
8HUE	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.48
4OEE	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.5
1BFG	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.6
4FGF	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.6
4OEG	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.6
2FGF	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.77
4OEF	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.8
1BAS	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
1BFB	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
5X1O	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
1BFF	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2
1BFC	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.2
1EV2	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.2
1FGA	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.2
1IIL	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.3
2BFH	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.5
6L4O	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.6
1II4	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.7
1CVS	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.8
1FQ9	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3
1BLA	SOLUTION NMR
1BLD	SOLUTION NMR
2M49	SOLUTION NMR

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P09038-F1	72.18	0.47

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (3): 261 (important for interaction with integrin); 262 (important for interaction with integrin); 267 (important for interaction with integrin)

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (1): 169

Post-translational modifications (8): 108, 108, 110, 110, 112, 112, 215, 228

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (5):

Position	Phenotype
181	no effect on integrin binding.
186	no effect on integrin binding.
188	no effect on integrin binding.
261–262	abolishes binding to integrin itgav:itgb3 and suppresses fgf2 signaling with loss of erk1/2 activation and reduced abili
267	reduces binding to integrin itgav:itgb3 and suppresses fgf2 signaling with reduced erk1/2 activation and reduced ability

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

48 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-109704	PI3K Cascade
R-HSA-1257604	PIP3 activates AKT signaling
R-HSA-1839122	Signaling by activated point mutants of FGFR1
R-HSA-1839130	Signaling by activated point mutants of FGFR3
R-HSA-190322	FGFR4 ligand binding and activation
R-HSA-190370	FGFR1b ligand binding and activation
R-HSA-190372	FGFR3c ligand binding and activation
R-HSA-190373	FGFR1c ligand binding and activation
R-HSA-190375	FGFR2c ligand binding and activation
R-HSA-190377	FGFR2b ligand binding and activation
R-HSA-2033519	Activated point mutants of FGFR2
R-HSA-2219530	Constitutive Signaling by Aberrant PI3K in Cancer
R-HSA-2892247	POU5F1 (OCT4), SOX2, NANOG activate genes related to proliferation
R-HSA-3000170	Syndecan interactions
R-HSA-3000171	Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions
R-HSA-5654219	Phospholipase C-mediated cascade: FGFR1
R-HSA-5654221	Phospholipase C-mediated cascade; FGFR2
R-HSA-5654227	Phospholipase C-mediated cascade; FGFR3
R-HSA-5654228	Phospholipase C-mediated cascade; FGFR4
R-HSA-5654687	Downstream signaling of activated FGFR1
R-HSA-5654688	SHC-mediated cascade:FGFR1
R-HSA-5654689	PI-3K cascade:FGFR1
R-HSA-5654693	FRS-mediated FGFR1 signaling
R-HSA-5654695	PI-3K cascade:FGFR2
R-HSA-5654699	SHC-mediated cascade:FGFR2
R-HSA-5654700	FRS-mediated FGFR2 signaling
R-HSA-5654704	SHC-mediated cascade:FGFR3
R-HSA-5654706	FRS-mediated FGFR3 signaling
R-HSA-5654710	PI-3K cascade:FGFR3
R-HSA-5654712	FRS-mediated FGFR4 signaling

MSigDB gene sets: 648 (showing top): GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_EPITHELIAL_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, GOBP_MORPHOGENESIS_OF_AN_EPITHELIUM, GOBP_HINDBRAIN_DEVELOPMENT, REACTOME_SIGNALING_BY_INSULIN_RECEPTOR, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_ETHANOL, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_NEURON_APOPTOTIC_PROCESS, GOBP_LENS_FIBER_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELLULAR_RESPONSE_TO_GROWTH_FACTOR_STIMULUS, GOBP_EMBRYO_DEVELOPMENT_ENDING_IN_BIRTH_OR_EGG_HATCHING, MODULE_516, GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, BROWNE_HCMV_INFECTION_6HR_DN, GOBP_MUSCLE_TISSUE_DEVELOPMENT, ZHAN_MULTIPLE_MYELOMA_PR_DN, GOBP_BEHAVIOR

GO Biological Process (102): osteoblast differentiation (GO:0001649), branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis (GO:0001658), organ induction (GO:0001759), endothelial cell proliferation (GO:0001935), positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation (GO:0001938), cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis (GO:0002042), positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation (GO:0002052), transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006366), chemotaxis (GO:0006935), signal transduction (GO:0007165), Ras protein signal transduction (GO:0007265), nervous system development (GO:0007399), neuroblast proliferation (GO:0007405), positive regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008284), fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway (GO:0008543), embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching (GO:0009792), animal organ morphogenesis (GO:0009887), glial cell differentiation (GO:0010001), positive regulation of endothelial cell migration (GO:0010595), positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628), negative regulation of gene expression (GO:0010629), negative regulation of fibroblast migration (GO:0010764), growth factor dependent regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation (GO:0014843), substantia nigra development (GO:0021762), cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation (GO:0021930), positive regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation (GO:0021940), neurogenesis (GO:0022008), hyaluronan catabolic process (GO:0030214), lung development (GO:0030324), regulation of cell migration (GO:0030334), paracrine signaling (GO:0038001), negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway (GO:0040037), wound healing (GO:0042060), inner ear auditory receptor cell differentiation (GO:0042491), positive regulation of cell fate specification (GO:0042660), positive regulation of MAP kinase activity (GO:0043406), positive regulation of MAPK cascade (GO:0043410), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction (GO:0043491), positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration (GO:0043536), negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration (GO:0043537)

GO Molecular Function (11): fibroblast growth factor receptor binding (GO:0005104), cytokine activity (GO:0005125), integrin binding (GO:0005178), growth factor activity (GO:0008083), heparin binding (GO:0008201), chemokine binding (GO:0019956), chemoattractant activity (GO:0042056), identical protein binding (GO:0042802), histone H3K9me2/3 reader activity (GO:0062072), receptor-receptor interaction (GO:0090722), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (4): extracellular region (GO:0005576), obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), nucleus (GO:0005634), cytoplasm (GO:0005737)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-18 pathways:

Category	Pathways
FGFR1 ligand binding and activation	2
FGFR2 ligand binding and activation	2
IRS-mediated signalling	1
Intracellular signaling by second messengers	1
FGFR1 mutant receptor activation	1
FGFR3 mutant receptor activation	1
Signaling by FGFR4	1
FGFR3 ligand binding and activation	1
FGFR2 mutant receptor activation	1
PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer	1
Transcriptional regulation of pluripotent stem cells	1
Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions	1
Extracellular matrix organization	1
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR1	1
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR2	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
receptor ligand activity	3
cell differentiation	2
signaling receptor binding	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
ossification	1
branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube	1
ureteric bud morphogenesis	1
regulation of animal organ formation	1
specification of animal organ identity	1
developmental induction	1
positive regulation of animal organ morphogenesis	1
epithelial cell proliferation	1
endothelial cell proliferation	1
regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	1
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	1
sprouting angiogenesis	1
blood vessel endothelial cell migration	1
neuroblast proliferation	1
positive regulation of neurogenesis	1
regulation of neuroblast proliferation	1
positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation	1
DNA-templated transcription	1
response to chemical	1
taxis	1
cell communication	1
cellular process	1
signaling	1
regulation of cellular process	1
cellular response to stimulus	1
small GTPase-mediated signal transduction	1
system development	1
generation of neurons	1
neural precursor cell proliferation	1
cell population proliferation	1
regulation of cell population proliferation	1
positive regulation of cellular process	1
cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway	1
cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus	1
embryo development	1
anatomical structure morphogenesis	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

5516 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
FGF2	FGFR1	P11362	998
FGF2	FGFR2	P18443	997
FGF2	FGFR3	P22607	997
FGF2	KDR	P35968	995
FGF2	HSPG2	P98160	995
FGF2	FGFR4	P22455	993
FGF2	CD44	P16070	991
FGF2	SDC1	P18827	988
FGF2	FLT1	P16057	979
FGF2	FGFBP1	Q14512	977
FGF2	TGFB1	P01137	971
FGF2	SDC4	P31431	971
FGF2	CX3CL1	P78423	970
FGF2	EGF	P01133	969
FGF2	CCL11	P50877	968

IntAct

80 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
FGF2	FGFR1	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.910
FGFR1	FGF2	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.910
FGF2	PTX3	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.790
PTX3	FGF2	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.790
FGF2	PTX3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.790
FGFR2	FGF2	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.780
FGF2	FGFR2	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.780
SDC2	PDPK1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
CAMKV	AP3B1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
FGFBP1	FGF2	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.620

BioGRID (105): FGF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), FGF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), FGF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), FGF2 (Protein-peptide), FGF2 (Protein-peptide), FGFR1 (Affinity Capture-Western), PRKACA (Affinity Capture-Western), FGF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), FGF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), FGF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), FGF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), FGF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), FGF2 (Affinity Capture-Western), FGF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), SDC1 (Co-purification)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0U1RR11, A0A0U1RRI6, A6NCS6, A6NJG2, B0BN44, D3YXK1, E9PY61, E9Q0B3, F5H4A9, O00220, O00221, P09038, P0DPI3, P22083, P98077, Q08AU9, Q2M2W7, Q2M3V2, Q2TBI2, Q5F267, Q5FW56, Q5IS69, Q5R866, Q5T4W7, Q5TM52, Q5U4P2, Q5VTJ3, Q659K9, Q673H1, Q69ZB3, Q6AYE8, Q6IPT2, Q6PJ61, Q7RTU4, Q7TSX9, Q7YR31, Q80SU3, Q86SH2, Q86Y97, Q8NBR0

Diamond homologs: A0MTF4, A6P7H6, M3X9S6, O15520, O35565, O43320, O54769, P03968, P03969, P05230, P05524, P08620, P09038, P10767, P11403, P11487, P12034, P12226, P13109, P15655, P15656, P19596, P20002, P20003, P21658, P21781, P31371, P34004, P36363, P36364, P36386, P48798, P48799, P48800, P48801, P48802, P48803, P48804, P48805, P48806

SIGNOR signaling

24 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
FGF2	up-regulates	MAPK14
FGF2	up-regulates	RUNX2
FGF2	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	BMP2	“transcriptional regulation”
FGF2	up-regulates	FGFR3	binding
FGF2	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	TGFB1	“transcriptional regulation”
FGF2	up-regulates	MAPK1
FGF2	up-regulates	MAPK3
FGF2	up-regulates	MAPK8
FGF2	up-regulates	FGFR4	binding
FGF2	“down-regulates quantity by repression”	HBB	“transcriptional regulation”
FGF2	“down-regulates quantity by repression”	HBA1	“transcriptional regulation”
FGF2	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	ENPP1	“transcriptional regulation”
FGF2	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	ANKH	“transcriptional regulation”
FGF2	“down-regulates quantity by repression”	ALPL	“transcriptional regulation”
FGF2	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	MMP13	“transcriptional regulation”
TP53	“down-regulates quantity by repression”	FGF2	“transcriptional regulation”
HOXB7	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	FGF2	“transcriptional regulation”
FGF2	up-regulates	Gbeta
FGF2	up-regulates	ERK1/2
FGF2	up-regulates	FGFR2	binding
FGF2	up-regulates	Angiogenesis

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 43 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Defective B4GALT7 causes EDS, progeroid type	7	117.6×	9e-12
Defective B3GAT3 causes JDSSDHD	7	117.6×	9e-12
Defective B3GALT6 causes EDSP2 and SEMDJL1	7	117.6×	9e-12
Attachment and Entry	6	106.1×	6e-10
HS-GAG degradation	6	87.6×	2e-09
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) attachment and entry	6	87.6×	2e-09
Initiation of coagulation cascade	6	84.0×	2e-09
Glycosaminoglycan-protein linkage region biosynthesis	7	81.1×	9e-11

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	5	35.7×	4e-05
cell migration	9	13.8×	6e-06
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	5	10.6×	6e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

68 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	1
Uncertain significance	49
Likely benign	7
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
635942	Single allele	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

0 predictions. Top by Δscore:

AlphaMissense

999 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
4:122827269:T:A	L165Q	1.000
4:122827269:T:C	L165P	1.000
4:122827274:T:C	C167R	1.000
4:122827275:G:A	C167Y	1.000
4:122827276:C:G	C167W	1.000
4:122827284:G:A	G170E	1.000
4:122827292:T:C	F173L	1.000
4:122827294:C:A	F173L	1.000
4:122827294:C:G	F173L	1.000
4:122827325:G:T	G184W	1.000
4:122827326:G:A	G184E	1.000
4:122876327:T:C	L195P	1.000
4:122876363:T:A	I207N	1.000
4:122876363:T:C	I207T	1.000
4:122876363:T:G	I207S	1.000
4:122876368:G:A	G209R	1.000
4:122876368:G:C	G209R	1.000
4:122876390:T:C	L216P	1.000
4:122876408:G:A	G222E	1.000
4:122876408:G:T	G222V	1.000
4:122892236:T:C	F236S	1.000
4:122892243:A:C	E238D	1.000
4:122892243:A:T	E238D	1.000
4:122892267:T:A	N246K	1.000
4:122892267:T:G	N246K	1.000
4:122892271:T:C	Y248H	1.000
4:122892271:T:G	Y248D	1.000
4:122892305:C:A	A259E	1.000
4:122892319:G:T	G264W	1.000
4:122892320:G:A	G264E	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000030503 (4:122852159 A>G), RS1000067543 (4:122890089 G>A), RS10000779 (4:122864959 A>C,G,T), RS1000102611 (4:122868247 C>G), RS1000146289 (4:122852431 C>G), RS1000282704 (4:122846083 G>T), RS1000299804 (4:122894792 A>T), RS1000301647 (4:122865672 A>G), RS1000316706 (4:122863919 A>C), RS1000333432 (4:122887836 T>C,G), RS1000438510 (4:122865964 G>C), RS1000444613 (4:122839032 G>A), RS1000489696 (4:122857364 C>T), RS1000502620 (4:122855582 G>C), RS1000514172 (4:122827058 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:134920 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (2): long QT syndrome (MONDO:0002442), neurodevelopmental disorder (MONDO:0700092)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

11 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002436_2	Irritable bowel syndrome	8.000000e-08
GCST002782_12	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index	3.000000e-07
GCST002782_13	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index	4.000000e-08
GCST002782_14	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index	5.000000e-06
GCST002782_15	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index	3.000000e-07
GCST002783_80	Body mass index	7.000000e-07
GCST004505_109	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (adjusted for smoking behaviour)	8.000000e-06
GCST004863_136	Mosquito bite size	4.000000e-08
GCST007234_10	Acne (severe)	2.000000e-09
GCST90020024_683	A body shape index	5.000000e-09
GCST90020025_614	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	5.000000e-08

EFO canonical traits (5, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007788	BMI-adjusted waist-hip ratio
EFO:0004340	body mass index
EFO:0004318	smoking behavior
EFO:0008378	mosquito bite reaction size measurement
EFO:0007789	BMI-adjusted waist circumference

MeSH disease descriptors (2)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D008133	Long QT Syndrome	C14.280.067.565; C14.280.123.625; C16.131.240.400.715; C23.550.073.547
D065886	Neurodevelopmental Disorders	F03.625

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL3107 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

1 molecules (phase ≥1), by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds). Patent mentions across the top 20 by phase: 77 (via chembl_molecule»patent_compound — counts attach to the compound, not the gene–compound relationship, so off-target/promiscuous molecules can dominate).

Molecule	Name	Phase	Patents
CHEMBL3686884	E-7090	2	77

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

Binding affinities (BindingDB)

37 measured of 37 human assays (37 total across all organisms); most potent 37 below. Values come from heterogeneous assays and are not directly comparable.

Ligand	Measure	Value	Patent
Linked sulfated tetracyclitol, 12	KD	0.4 nM
5-[[2-[[4-[1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-pyridinyl]oxy]-6-(2-methoxyethoxy)-N-methylindole-1-carboxamide	IC50	4.5 nM	US-8933099: Monocyclic pyridine derivative
6-(2-methoxyethoxy)-N-methyl-5-[[2-[[4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)benzoyl]amino]-4-pyridinyl]oxy]indole-1-carboxamide	IC50	5.1 nM	US-8933099: Monocyclic pyridine derivative
5-[[2-[[4-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)benzoyl]amino]-4-pyridinyl]oxy]-6-methoxy-N-methylindole-1-carboxamide	IC50	6.4 nM	US-8933099: Monocyclic pyridine derivative
Linked sulfated tetracyclitol, 3	KD	7.2 nM
Linked sulfated tetracyclitol, 7	KD	8 nM
Linked sulfated tetracyclitol, 2	KD	20.7 nM
Linked sulfated tetracyclitol, 4	KD	25.4 nM
Linked sulfated tetracyclitol, 5	KD	29.8 nM
Linked sulfated tetracyclitol, 6	KD	39 nM
Linked sulfated tetracyclitol, 8	KD	40.4 nM
Linked sulfated tetracyclitol, 10	KD	115 nM
Linked sulfated tetracyclitol, 9	KD	119 nM
Linked sulfated tetracyclitol, 11	KD	187 nM
1-(4-(3-Methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3h)	IC50	208 nM
Tivozanib	KD	259 nM
1-(4-(4-Methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3i)	IC50	276 nM
1-(4-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3j)	IC50	307 nM
1-(4-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3l)	IC50	344 nM
1-(4-(2-Methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3g)	IC50	357 nM
1-(4-(4-Nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3f)	IC50	382 nM
1-(4-(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3m)	IC50	395 nM
1-(4-Phenylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3a)	IC50	400 nM
1-(4-(4-Fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3e)	IC50	403 nM
1-(4-(2-Fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3d)	IC50	409 nM
1-(4-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3k)	IC50	409 nM
1-(4-(3-Chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3c)	IC50	413 nM
1-(4-(2-Chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3b)	IC50	418 nM
1-(4-Benzylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3n)	IC50	435 nM
1-(2-Methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3u)	IC50	444 nM
1-(4-Methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3v)	IC50	452 nM
1-(Dimethylamino)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3q)	IC50	455 nM
1-(4-Ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3p)	IC50	462 nM
1-(Piperidin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3s)	IC50	474 nM
1-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3o)	IC50	474 nM
1-Morpholino-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3r)	IC50	483 nM
1-(1H-Imidazol-1-yl)-3-(quinazolin-4-yloxy)propan-2-ol (3t)	IC50	483 nM

ChEMBL bioactivities

71 potent at pChembl≥5 of 83 total, top 50 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
8.35	IC50	4.5	nM	E-7090
8.33	Kd	4.7	nM	CHEMBL3559508
8.31	Kd	4.9	nM	CHEMBL3397498
8.29	IC50	5.1	nM	CHEMBL3686883
8.28	Kd	5.2	nM	CHEMBL3409457
8.25	Kd	5.6	nM	CHEMBL3409454
8.19	IC50	6.4	nM	CHEMBL3686864
8.09	Kd	8.2	nM	CHEMBL3409455
7.80	Kd	16	nM	CHEMBL3397488
7.80	Kd	16	nM	CHEMBL3409453
7.68	Kd	21	nM	CHEMBL3397494
7.64	Kd	23	nM	CHEMBL3397491
7.60	Kd	25	nM	CHEMBL3397487
7.46	Kd	35	nM	CHEMBL590011
7.44	Kd	36	nM	CHEMBL3397485
7.41	Kd	39	nM	CHEMBL2059243
7.39	Kd	41	nM	CHEMBL3397490
7.39	Kd	41	nM	CHEMBL3397489
7.37	Kd	43	nM	CHEMBL604368
7.32	Kd	48	nM	CHEMBL3559507
7.30	Kd	50	nM	CHEMBL2059502
7.28	Kd	52	nM	CHEMBL3397496
7.22	Kd	60	nM	CHEMBL3397495
7.21	Kd	62	nM	CHEMBL3397486
7.21	Kd	61	nM	MUPARFOSTAT SODIUM
7.17	Kd	68	nM	CHEMBL198643
7.14	Kd	73	nM	CHEMBL604570
7.09	Kd	82	nM	CHEMBL604366
7.08	Kd	84	nM	CHEMBL262707
7.08	Kd	83	nM	CHEMBL604568
7.07	Kd	86	nM	CHEMBL382044
7.07	Kd	86	nM	CHEMBL2029015
7.02	Kd	95	nM	CHEMBL3397493
7.02	Kd	95	nM	CHEMBL603122
7.00	Kd	99	nM	CHEMBL3397497
6.97	Kd	108	nM	CHEMBL2059242
6.96	Kd	110	nM	CHEMBL602307
6.95	Kd	112	nM	CHEMBL265885
6.89	Kd	129	nM	CHEMBL589773
6.89	Kd	130	nM	CHEMBL590012
6.85	Kd	140	nM	CHEMBL602114
6.83	Kd	147	nM	CHEMBL3397492
6.80	Kd	160	nM	CHEMBL2059241
6.80	Kd	160	nM	CHEMBL602113
6.80	Kd	160	nM	CHEMBL590010
6.60	Kd	253	nM	CHEMBL590013
6.51	Kd	311	nM	CHEMBL2059504
6.47	IC50	340	nM	CHEMBL2303729
6.41	Kd	390	nM	CHEMBL2059499
6.41	Kd	390	nM	CHEMBL2059500

PubChem BioAssay actives

100 with measured affinity, of 215 total; 50 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(sulfooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-5-sulfooxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-sulfooxy-6-(sulfooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	1198808: Binding affinity to FGF2 (unknown origin) assessed as change in luminance intensity at at 25 degC by SPR imaging sensor method	kd	0.0047	uM
pentasodium;(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-sulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-4,5-disulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0049	uM
tetrasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-4-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-sulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-carboxy-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-2-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] sulfate	1198808: Binding affinity to FGF2 (unknown origin) assessed as change in luminance intensity at at 25 degC by SPR imaging sensor method	kd	0.0052	uM
trisodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-4-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-sulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-carboxy-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] sulfate	1198808: Binding affinity to FGF2 (unknown origin) assessed as change in luminance intensity at at 25 degC by SPR imaging sensor method	kd	0.0056	uM
trisodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-4-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-sulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-carboxy-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-3-hydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	1198808: Binding affinity to FGF2 (unknown origin) assessed as change in luminance intensity at at 25 degC by SPR imaging sensor method	kd	0.0082	uM
trisodium;(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-sulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0160	uM
pentasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-3-sulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-carboxy-4-hydroxy-3-sulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-2-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] sulfate	1198808: Binding affinity to FGF2 (unknown origin) assessed as change in luminance intensity at at 25 degC by SPR imaging sensor method	kd	0.0160	uM
tetrasodium;(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-sulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-sulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0210	uM
trisodium;(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-sulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0230	uM
disodium;(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-4-sulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0250	uM
hexadecasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trisulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[8-(4-naphthalen-1-yltriazol-1-yl)octoxy]-3,4-disulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.0350	uM
disodium;(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0360	uM
hexadecasodium;[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-2-[3-[4-[[(3S,5S,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxymethyl]triazol-1-yl]propoxy]-4,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] sulfate	672590: Binding affinity to FGF-2 by surface plasmon resonance assay	kd	0.0390	uM
trisodium;(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-sulfonatooxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-sulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0410	uM
trisodium;(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-sulfonatooxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-4-sulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0410	uM
hexadecasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trisulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[8-(4-phenyltriazol-1-yl)octoxy]-3,4-disulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.0430	uM
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(sulfooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-5-sulfooxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(sulfooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-sulfooxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid	1198808: Binding affinity to FGF2 (unknown origin) assessed as change in luminance intensity at at 25 degC by SPR imaging sensor method	kd	0.0480	uM
tetradecasodium;[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(4R)-4-[(3S,5S,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-12-acetyloxy-10,13-dimethyl-3-sulfonatooxy-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoyl]amino]-4,5-disulfonatooxy-2-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-disulfonatooxy-2-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-disulfonatooxy-2-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] sulfate	672590: Binding affinity to FGF-2 by surface plasmon resonance assay	kd	0.0500	uM
tetrasodium;(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-sulfonatooxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-4,5-disulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0520	uM
tetrasodium;(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-sulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-4-sulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0600	uM
disodium;(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-sulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0620	uM
(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-octoxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	256833: Binding affinity for FGF2 by BIAcore solution affinity assay	kd	0.0680	uM
hexadecasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trisulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[12-(4-naphthalen-1-yltriazol-1-yl)dodecoxy]-3,4-disulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.0730	uM
hexadecasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trisulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-octoxy-3,4-disulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.0820	uM
hexadecasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trisulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[3-(4-phenyltriazol-1-yl)propoxy]-3,4-disulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.0830	uM
6-[5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoylamino]-N-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]hexanamide	256833: Binding affinity for FGF2 by BIAcore solution affinity assay	kd	0.0840	uM
[(1R,2R,6R)-5-[bis[[bis[(1S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trisulfonatooxycyclohex-2-en-1-yl]amino]methyl]amino]-2,6-disulfonatooxycyclohex-3-en-1-yl] sulfate	1799619: Binding Assay from Article 10.1002/cbic.200500089: “An experimental and molecular-modeling study of the binding of linked sulfated tetracyclitols to FGF-1 and FGF-2.”	kd	0.0850	uM
(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenylmethoxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	256833: Binding affinity for FGF2 by BIAcore solution affinity assay	kd	0.0860	uM
hexadecasodium;[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-2-[3-[[5-(dimethylamino)naphthalen-1-yl]sulfonylamino]propoxy]-4,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.0860	uM
[(1R,2S,5R,6R)-2-[7-[bis[(1S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trisulfonatooxycyclohex-2-en-1-yl]amino]heptyl-[(1S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trisulfonatooxycyclohex-2-en-1-yl]amino]-5,6-disulfonatooxycyclohex-3-en-1-yl] sulfate	1799619: Binding Assay from Article 10.1002/cbic.200500089: “An experimental and molecular-modeling study of the binding of linked sulfated tetracyclitols to FGF-1 and FGF-2.”	kd	0.0900	uM
hexadecasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trisulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-phenylmethoxy-3,4-disulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.0950	uM
trisodium;(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-4,5-disulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0950	uM
tetrasodium;(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-4,5-disulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.0990	uM
1-[4-(3-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-quinazolin-4-yloxypropan-2-ol	1801412: VEGFR2 Kinase Assay from Article 10.1111/cbdd.12596: “Discovery of new 4-alkoxyquinazoline-based derivatives as potent VEGFR2 inhibitors.”	ic50	0.1035	uM
tridecasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trisulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[3-(octadecanoylamino)propoxy]-3,4-disulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	672590: Binding affinity to FGF-2 by surface plasmon resonance assay	kd	0.1080	uM
[(1R,2S,5R,6R)-2-[8-[bis[(1S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trisulfonatooxycyclohex-2-en-1-yl]amino]octyl-[(1S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trisulfonatooxycyclohex-2-en-1-yl]amino]-5,6-disulfonatooxycyclohex-3-en-1-yl] sulfate	1799619: Binding Assay from Article 10.1002/cbic.200500089: “An experimental and molecular-modeling study of the binding of linked sulfated tetracyclitols to FGF-1 and FGF-2.”	kd	0.1080	uM
tridecasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trisulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[8-(4-naphthalen-1-yltriazol-1-yl)octoxy]-3,4-disulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.1100	uM
N-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-2-phenoxyacetamide	256833: Binding affinity for FGF2 by BIAcore solution affinity assay	kd	0.1120	uM
Tivozanib	1801412: VEGFR2 Kinase Assay from Article 10.1111/cbdd.12596: “Discovery of new 4-alkoxyquinazoline-based derivatives as potent VEGFR2 inhibitors.”	ic50	0.1141	uM
1-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-quinazolin-4-yloxypropan-2-ol	1801412: VEGFR2 Kinase Assay from Article 10.1111/cbdd.12596: “Discovery of new 4-alkoxyquinazoline-based derivatives as potent VEGFR2 inhibitors.”	ic50	0.1218	uM
tridecasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trisulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-phenylmethoxy-3,4-disulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.1290	uM
tridecasodium;[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-2-[8-[[5-(dimethylamino)naphthalen-1-yl]sulfonylamino]octoxy]-4,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.1300	uM
[(1R,2S,5R,6R)-2-[6-[bis[(1S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trisulfonatooxycyclohex-2-en-1-yl]amino]hexyl-[(1S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trisulfonatooxycyclohex-2-en-1-yl]amino]-5,6-disulfonatooxycyclohex-3-en-1-yl] sulfate	1799619: Binding Assay from Article 10.1002/cbic.200500089: “An experimental and molecular-modeling study of the binding of linked sulfated tetracyclitols to FGF-1 and FGF-2.”	kd	0.1350	uM
tridecasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trisulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[8-(4-phenyltriazol-1-yl)octoxy]-3,4-disulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.1400	uM
1-quinazolin-4-yloxy-3-[4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-2-ol	1801412: VEGFR2 Kinase Assay from Article 10.1111/cbdd.12596: “Discovery of new 4-alkoxyquinazoline-based derivatives as potent VEGFR2 inhibitors.”	ic50	0.1447	uM
trisodium;(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-[3-[5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoylamino]anilino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexoxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-4-sulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate	1192380: Binding affinity to basic fibroblast growth factor (unknown origin) using sugar chip immobilized compound by surface plasmon resonance method	kd	0.1470	uM
[(1R,2S,5R,6R)-2-[5-[bis[(1S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trisulfonatooxycyclohex-2-en-1-yl]amino]pentyl-[(1S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trisulfonatooxycyclohex-2-en-1-yl]amino]-5,6-disulfonatooxycyclohex-3-en-1-yl] sulfate	1799619: Binding Assay from Article 10.1002/cbic.200500089: “An experimental and molecular-modeling study of the binding of linked sulfated tetracyclitols to FGF-1 and FGF-2.”	kd	0.1480	uM
tridecasodium;[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trisulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-octoxy-3,4-disulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]methyl sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.1600	uM
tridecasodium;[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-2-[(4-butylphenyl)methoxy]-4,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] sulfate	459628: Binding affinity to FGF2 by surface plasmon-based solution affinity assay	kd	0.1600	uM
tridecasodium;[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-2-[[(3S,5S,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-4,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-disulfonatooxy-6-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] sulfate	672590: Binding affinity to FGF-2 by surface plasmon resonance assay	kd	0.1600	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

190 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Thalidomide	decreases activity, increases response to substance, affects expression, affects secretion, decreases expression (+1 more)	6
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases expression	5
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	decreases reaction, increases secretion, affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases expression	5
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects binding, decreases response to substance, decreases reaction, increases phosphorylation, affects methylation (+1 more)	4
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	decreases reaction, increases expression, affects expression	4
Valproic Acid	affects expression, decreases expression	4
SB 203580	increases expression, decreases activity, decreases reaction, increases phosphorylation	3
SU 5402	decreases reaction, increases activity, increases expression, increases phosphorylation	3
pyrazolanthrone	decreases reaction, increases secretion, increases expression	3
LDN 193189	affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases expression	3
Cisplatin	affects reaction, decreases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases response to substance, increases expression	3
Drugs, Chinese Herbal	decreases reaction, increases phosphorylation, increases expression	3
Estradiol	decreases expression, increases expression, affects cotreatment, affects binding	3
Cyclosporine	affects cotreatment, affects expression, increases expression	3
Asbestos, Crocidolite	increases secretion, increases reaction, affects reaction, affects expression, increases expression	3
Particulate Matter	increases abundance, increases expression, decreases secretion	3
methylmercuric chloride	decreases expression	2
bisphenol A	decreases expression, decreases methylation	2
epigallocatechin gallate	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	2
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	decreases reaction, increases activity, increases expression, increases phosphorylation	2
entinostat	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
monomethylarsonous acid	increases expression	2
Resveratrol	decreases expression	2
Zoledronic Acid	increases reaction, decreases expression	2
Arsenic Trioxide	decreases reaction, increases phosphorylation, decreases expression	2
Fulvestrant	increases expression, affects cotreatment, increases methylation, decreases reaction	2
Gemcitabine	affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
Acetylcysteine	decreases reaction, increases secretion, decreases expression	2
Air Pollutants	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	2
Cadmium	increases abundance, increases expression, decreases expression	2

ChEMBL screening assays

35 unique, capped per target: 35 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL1003199	Binding	Binding affinity to biotinylated FGF2 in CHO cells by flow cytometry	Guanidinylated neomycin delivers large, bioactive cargo into cells through a heparan sulfate-dependent pathway. — J Biol Chem

Cellosaurus cell lines

8 cell lines: 6 cancer cell line, 2 spontaneously immortalized cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_A9DW	L-bFGF-5	Spontaneously immortalized cell line	Male
CVCL_A9DX	L-bFGF-6	Spontaneously immortalized cell line	Male
CVCL_B8G0	Abcam HCT 116 FGF2 KO	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_B9I7	Abcam A-549 FGF2 KO	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_D8L8	Ubigene HCT 116 FGF2 KO	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_E6ZQ	HCC827-TK	Cancer cell line	Female
CVCL_SN48	HAP1 FGF2 (-) 1	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_SN49	HAP1 FGF2 (-) 2	Cancer cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

268 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT02513940	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Influence of Testosterone Administration on Drug-Induced QT Interval Prolongation and Torsades de Pointes
NCT03834883	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Reducing the Risk of Drug-Induced QT Interval Lengthening in Women
NCT04169100	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Novel Form of Acquired Long QT Syndrome
NCT04675788	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Novel Approaches for Minimizing Drug-Induced QT Interval Lengthening
NCT04586348	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Prenatal Iodine Supplementation and Early Childhood Neurodevelopment
NCT04873115	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Sialanar Plus orAl rehabiLitation Against Placebo Plus Oral Rehabilitation for chIldren and Adolescents With seVere Sialorrhoea and Neurodisabilties,
NCT02559102	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Dexmedetomidine Sedation Versus General Anaesthesia for Inguinal Hernia Surgery in Infants
NCT02757079	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Study of the Efficacy and Safety of NPC-15 for Sleep Disorders of Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders
NCT06915480	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Reducing Missed Appointments
NCT07377032	PHASE3	RECRUITING	TAP-GRIN: Interventional Study on Patients With GRIN-related Neurodevelopmental Disorders
NCT01648205	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Long-term Efficacy Study of Sodium Channel Blocker in LQT3 Patients
NCT02412709	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Long QT Syndrome Screening in Newborns
NCT04581408	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Mutation-specific Therapy for the Long QT Syndrome
NCT02909959	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Sulforaphane for the Treatment of Young Men With Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT06081348	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Sertraline vs. Placebo in the Treatment of Anxiety in Children and AdoLescents With NeurodevelopMental Disorders
NCT06352372	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safety and Efficacy of tPBM for Epileptiform Activity in Autism
NCT00316459	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Study Evaluating the Effects of Multiple Oral Doses of ERB-041 on Cardiac Repolarization in Healthy Subjects
NCT01849003	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Study of the Effect of GS-6615 in Subjects With LQT-3
NCT02365532	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Effect of Oral GS-6615 on Dofetilide-Induced QT Prolongation, Safety, and Tolerability in Healthy Adults
NCT02412098	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Pharmacokinetics of Eleclazine in Adults With Normal and Impaired Hepatic Function
NCT02441829	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Pharmacokinetics of Eleclazine in Adults With Normal and Impaired Renal Function
NCT05759962	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Phase 1 Study of LQT-1213 in Healthy Adults
NCT00503191	PHASE1	COMPLETED	NeuroModulation Technique Treatment of Autism
NCT04475848	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Study to Investigate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Food Effect of RO6953958 in Healthy Participants
NCT06300398	PHASE1	COMPLETED	IAMA-6 Oral Dose Study in Healthy Adults
NCT05906732	PHASE1/PHASE2	TERMINATED	Study of LQT-1213 on QTc-induced Prolongation in Healthy Adult Subjects (Part1) and on Congenital Long QT in Patients Diagnosed With Type 2 or 3 Long QT Syndrome (Part 2).
NCT00005176	Not specified	COMPLETED	Long QT Syndrome-Population Genetics and Cardiac Studies
NCT00005250	Not specified	COMPLETED	Linkage Study of Long QT Syndrome In An Amish Kindred
NCT00005367	Not specified	COMPLETED	Epidemiology of Long QTand Asian Sudden Death in Sleep
NCT00221832	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Molecular Genetic Screening and Identification of Congenital Arrhythmogenic Diseases
NCT00292032	Not specified	COMPLETED	Registry of Unexplained Cardiac Arrest
NCT00335036	Not specified	TERMINATED	Pediatric Lead Extractability and Survival Evaluation (PLEASE)
NCT00399412	Not specified	COMPLETED	ECG Signal Collection From Long QT Syndrome, Wide QRS Complexes, Heart Failure, and Cardiac Resynchronization Patients
NCT00488254	Not specified	COMPLETED	The Long QT Syndrome in Pregnancy
NCT00588965	Not specified	COMPLETED	Effect of Beta-blocker Therapy on QTc Response in Exercise and Recovery in Normal Subjects
NCT01705925	Not specified	COMPLETED	Multicenter Evaluation of Children and Young Adults With Genotype Positive Long QT Syndrome
NCT01903564	Not specified	COMPLETED	Fetal and Neonatal Magnetophysiology
NCT02082431	Not specified	COMPLETED	Determine the Incidence of Long QT Amongst a Large Cohort of Subjects Diagnosed With Unilateral or Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss.
NCT02413450	Not specified	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Derivation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells to Heritable Cardiac Arrhythmias
NCT02425189	Not specified	COMPLETED	The Canadian National Long QT Syndrome Registry