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GABRQ

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Summary

GABRQ (gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit theta, HGNC:14454) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome Xq28, encoding Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta (Q9UN88). Theta subunit of the heteropentameric ligand-gated chloride channel gated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.

The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor is a multisubunit chloride channel that mediates the fastest inhibitory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. This gene encodes the theta subunit of the GABA A receptor. The gene is mapped to chromosome Xq28 in a cluster of genes including those that encode the alpha 3 and epsilon subunits of the GABA A receptor.

Source: NCBI Gene 55879 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 96 total
  • GTEx eGene: eQTL in 8 tissues, sQTL in 0 (q < 0.05)
  • ChEMBL bioactivity: 15 clinical-phase molecules tested; no curated mechanism-of-action drug
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_018558
  • Notable: 96 clinical variants but no curated precision-oncology (CIViC) evidence yet

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:14454
Approved symbolGABRQ
Namegamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit theta
LocationXq28
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
Ensembl geneENSG00000268089
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM300349
Entrez55879

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 1 protein_coding, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

MANE Select: ENST00000598523

Transcript support level (Ensembl TSL; 1 = fully mRNA-supported): TSL 1: 1

ENST00000598523, ENST00001065232

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_018558 NM_018558

CCDS: CCDS14707

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000598523 — 9 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE00002977626152640378152640466
ENSE00003003037152650428152650580
ENSE00003019998152651526152651782
ENSE00003070943152637895152638351
ENSE00003114752152646948152647168
ENSE00003129640152645527152645594
ENSE00003165516152649742152649879
ENSE00003186348152652541152657542
ENSE00003218910152649251152649333

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 82 present calls, max score 76.41.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 2.7121 / max 134.1467, expressed in 535 samples.

Highest expression (Bgee): hypothalamus, primordial germ cell in gonad, tibialis anterior, anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala.

Genetic regulation across tissues (GTEx eQTL / sQTL)

GABRQ is an eGene in GTEx v10 — its expression is genetically regulated (eQTL) in 8 tissues and its splicing (sQTL) in 0 (q < 0.05). Strongest associations first; slope = normalized effect of the lead variant’s alternative allele.

8 significant tissue × QTL associations:

TissueQTLq-valueSlopeLead variant
Esophagus Mucosaeqtl5.1e-06-0.15X:151724341:G:A
Thyroideqtl1.2e-04-0.19X:152734231:G:C
Colon Sigmoideqtl3.0e-03+0.45X:151737648:G:A
Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubiceqtl6.4e-03-0.13X:151725721:G:A
Brain Hippocampuseqtl1.1e-02-1.24X:152258967:A:G
Nerve Tibialeqtl1.5e-02-0.10X:151700327:C:G
Brain Cortexeqtl1.9e-02-0.54X:151677815:C:T
Brain Caudate basal gangliaeqtl2.3e-02+0.27X:152546178:A:G

FANTOM5 promoters

1 alternative TSS:

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
1980032.7121535

Top tissues by expression

showing 100 of 251 tissues by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
hypothalamusUBERON:000189876.41gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonadCL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:000099175.59gold quality
tibialis anteriorUBERON:000138569.58silver quality
anterior cingulate cortexUBERON:000983568.14gold quality
amygdalaUBERON:000187668.09gold quality
cingulate cortexUBERON:000302768.08gold quality
Ammon’s hornUBERON:000195468.01gold quality
superior vestibular nucleusUBERON:000722766.10silver quality
pancreatic ductal cellCL:000207965.45silver quality
ectocervixUBERON:001224964.23gold quality
endocervixUBERON:000045864.08gold quality
prefrontal cortexUBERON:000045163.53gold quality
nucleus accumbensUBERON:000188263.11gold quality
buccal mucosa cellCL:000233662.93gold quality
temporal lobeUBERON:000187161.45gold quality
ileal mucosaUBERON:000033160.35silver quality
ventricular zoneUBERON:000305359.92gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamusUBERON:000273659.71gold quality
cerebral cortexUBERON:000095659.10gold quality
neocortexUBERON:000195058.77gold quality
cortical plateUBERON:000534358.77silver quality
uterine cervixUBERON:000000258.62gold quality
gingival epitheliumUBERON:000194958.51silver quality
deltoidUBERON:000147658.30silver quality
tibial nerveUBERON:000132358.29gold quality
telencephalonUBERON:000189357.69gold quality
ganglionic eminenceUBERON:000402357.46silver quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortexUBERON:000983457.02gold quality
frontal cortexUBERON:000187056.86gold quality
forebrainUBERON:000189056.85gold quality
gingivaUBERON:000182856.27gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9UBERON:001354055.59gold quality
lower esophagus mucosaUBERON:003583455.24gold quality
middle temporal gyrusUBERON:000277154.38gold quality
brainUBERON:000095554.29gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cordUBERON:000646954.14gold quality
endometriumUBERON:000129554.12gold quality
medulla oblongataUBERON:000189653.98silver quality
esophagus mucosaUBERON:000246953.64gold quality
seminal vesicleUBERON:000099853.61silver quality
embryoUBERON:000092253.46silver quality
smooth muscle tissueUBERON:000113553.45gold quality
spinal cordUBERON:000224053.04gold quality
cerebellar vermisUBERON:000472053.02gold quality
right frontal lobeUBERON:000281052.84gold quality
caudate nucleusUBERON:000187352.60gold quality
tibiaUBERON:000097952.30gold quality
epithelial cell of pancreasCL:000008352.14gold quality
substantia nigraUBERON:000203851.88gold quality
upper leg skinUBERON:000426251.76silver quality
midbrainUBERON:000189151.08gold quality
vaginaUBERON:000099651.02gold quality
sural nerveUBERON:001548850.25gold quality
quadriceps femorisUBERON:000137750.16gold quality
putamenUBERON:000187450.16gold quality
uterusUBERON:000099549.72gold quality
cervix squamous epitheliumUBERON:000692249.20gold quality
hair follicleUBERON:000207349.18gold quality
oviduct epitheliumUBERON:000480449.07gold quality
squamous epitheliumUBERON:000691449.07gold quality
olfactory bulbUBERON:000226448.92gold quality
myocardiumUBERON:000234948.87gold quality
type B pancreatic cellCL:000016948.83gold quality
cardiac muscle of right atriumUBERON:000337948.55gold quality
CA1 field of hippocampusUBERON:000388148.50gold quality
vastus lateralisUBERON:000137948.34gold quality
left ventricle myocardiumUBERON:000656648.24gold quality
orbitofrontal cortexUBERON:000416748.20gold quality
thymusUBERON:000237048.12gold quality
muscle tissueUBERON:000238548.10gold quality
upper arm skinUBERON:000426348.06gold quality
cervix epitheliumUBERON:000480148.04gold quality
tongue squamous epitheliumUBERON:000691947.92gold quality
mucosa of urinary bladderUBERON:000125947.80gold quality
metanephric glomerulusUBERON:000473647.45gold quality
kidney epitheliumUBERON:000481947.39gold quality
nephron tubuleUBERON:000123147.30gold quality
diaphragmUBERON:000110347.05gold quality
gluteal muscleUBERON:000200047.03gold quality
triceps brachiiUBERON:000150947.01gold quality
superior frontal gyrusUBERON:000266146.63gold quality
trigeminal ganglionUBERON:000167546.36gold quality
tendon of biceps brachiiUBERON:000818846.33gold quality
dorsal plus ventral thalamusUBERON:000189746.26gold quality
placentaUBERON:000198746.10silver quality
prostate glandUBERON:000236745.99gold quality
layer of synovial tissueUBERON:000761645.76gold quality
nasal cavity epitheliumUBERON:000538445.61gold quality
epithelium of esophagusUBERON:000197645.59gold quality
ventral tegmental areaUBERON:000269145.53gold quality
female reproductive systemUBERON:000047445.14gold quality
colonic epitheliumUBERON:000039744.72gold quality
cauda epididymisUBERON:000436044.66gold quality
lymph nodeUBERON:000002944.40gold quality
tonsilUBERON:000237244.34silver quality
corpus callosumUBERON:000233644.11silver quality
subthalamic nucleusUBERON:000190643.93gold quality
right adrenal glandUBERON:000123343.82gold quality
esophagus squamous epitheliumUBERON:000692043.62gold quality
adult organismUBERON:000702343.49gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3yes4.10

HPA expression

RNA tissue specificity: Group enriched

41 HPA tissues / cells by nTPM:

Tissue / cellAxisnTPM
Locus coeruleustissue48.0
Substantia nigratissue33.1
Hippocampustissue21.0
Hypothalamustissue12.4
Ponstissue10.2
Cervixtissue7.2
Septumtissue4.4
Periaqueductal graytissue4.3
Midbraintissue3.2
Nucleus accumbenstissue3.1
Adrenal glandtissue2.1
Postcentral gyrustissue1.6
Medulla oblongatatissue1.4
Testistissue1.1
Endometrium 1tissue1.1
Amygdalatissue1.0
Caudate putamentissue0.9
Smooth muscletissue0.7
Vaginatissue0.6
Seminal vesicletissue0.5
Superior colliculitissue0.5
Hippocampal formationtissue0.5
Frontal cortextissue0.4
Esophagustissue0.3
Choroid plexustissue0.3
Prostatetissue0.3
Ventral forebraintissue0.3
Skin 1tissue0.2
Retinatissue0.2
Basal gangliatissue0.2
Small intestinetissue0.2
Pituitary glandtissue0.1
Prefrontal cortextissue0.1
Cerebral cortextissue0.1
Epididymistissue0.1
Thalamustissue0.1
Placentatissue0.1
Spinal cordtissue0.1
Tonsiltissue0.1
Olfactory bulbtissue0.1
Temporal cortextissue0.1

Brain sub-regions (HPA Brain Atlas): detected in 185; highest nTPM — Arcuate nucleus (154.3), Ventromedial nucleus (81.8), Posterior cingulate cortex (61.3), Median raphe nucleus (58.7), Nucleus of the diagonal band (52.0).

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Functional genomics

Regional missense constraint (gnomAD RMC): no regional variation along ENST00000598523 — one region, missense o/e 1.00.

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 8)

  • Although GABRQ genes did not show positive association, further studies are necessary to consider the role of other GABA receptor genes in migraine susceptibility (PMID:19087248)
  • single nucleotide polymorphisms studied in the GABRA4, GABRE, and GABRQ genes are not related to the risk for familial ET. (PMID:21422964)
  • GABRQ plays important roles in hepatocellular carcinoma development and progression (PMID:22690081)
  • We identified truncating mutations in distinct X-linked gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor subunit-encoding genes, GABRQ and GABRA3.this is the first report of ASD patients with truncating mutations in GABA receptors genes. (PMID:23169495)
  • data from the present study suggest a possible role of GABRQ rs3810651 single nucleotide polymorphism in the modification of the age at onset of migraine in the Caucasian Spanish people (PMID:29299688)
  • The intracellular domain of GABRQ disrupts GABRB3 homomeric plasma membrane expression. (PMID:31610743)
  • A pioneering study indicate role of GABRQ rs3810651 in ASD severity of Indo-Caucasoid female probands. (PMID:33772085)
  • The severity of behavioural symptoms in FTD is linked to the loss of GABRQ-expressing VENs and pyramidal neurons. (PMID:35152451)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
mus_musculusGabrqENSMUSG00000031344
rattus_norvegicusGabrqENSRNOG00000053402

Paralogs (45): GABRA3 (ENSG00000011677), GABRA1 (ENSG00000022355), CHRNA3 (ENSG00000080644), GABRP (ENSG00000094755), CHRNA4 (ENSG00000101204), GLRA2 (ENSG00000101958), GABRE (ENSG00000102287), CHRNE (ENSG00000108556), GABRA4 (ENSG00000109158), GLRB (ENSG00000109738), GABRR2 (ENSG00000111886), GABRG2 (ENSG00000113327), CHRNB4 (ENSG00000117971), CHRNA2 (ENSG00000120903), CHRNA10 (ENSG00000129749), CHRND (ENSG00000135902), CHRNA1 (ENSG00000138435), GLRA3 (ENSG00000145451), GABRA6 (ENSG00000145863), GABRB2 (ENSG00000145864), GLRA1 (ENSG00000145888), GABRR1 (ENSG00000146276), CHRNB3 (ENSG00000147432), CHRNA6 (ENSG00000147434), HTR3B (ENSG00000149305), GABRA2 (ENSG00000151834), CHRNB2 (ENSG00000160716), GABRG1 (ENSG00000163285), GABRB1 (ENSG00000163288), GABRB3 (ENSG00000166206), CHRFAM7A (ENSG00000166664), HTR3A (ENSG00000166736), CHRNA5 (ENSG00000169684), CHRNB1 (ENSG00000170175), CHRNA9 (ENSG00000174343), CHRNA7 (ENSG00000175344), HTR3C (ENSG00000178084), GABRG3 (ENSG00000182256), GABRR3 (ENSG00000183185), HTR3E (ENSG00000186038), HTR3D (ENSG00000186090), GABRA5 (ENSG00000186297), ZACN (ENSG00000186919), GABRD (ENSG00000187730), CHRNG (ENSG00000196811)

Mouse-model phenotypes

Observed phenotypes of the mouse ortholog (MGI:1888498) from MGI (Alliance of Genome Resources) — knockout/mutant phenotypes, ranked by annotation count. 1 distinct phenotype terms.

Mouse phenotype (MP)Records
decreased prepulse inhibition1

Additional cross-species homologs

Sequence homologs in species beyond Ensembl Compara’s model organisms, by Diamond local protein alignment (% sequence identity; best hit per species). Lower-identity rows are more distant homologs. The matched accessions’ gene symbols aren’t in biobtree yet, so each row shows the UniProt accession.

OrganismUniProtIdentityMethod
Macaca mulattaD1LYT2100.0%Diamond
Drosophila melanogasterP2512399.8%Diamond
Bos taurusP5769599.8%Diamond
Macaca fascicularisQ4R53499.8%Diamond
Pongo abeliiQ5RCC599.8%Diamond
Drosophila simulansQ9BLY899.8%Diamond
Gallus gallusP1915096.9%Diamond
Danio rerioO9343085.6%Diamond
Musca domesticaQ75NA584.3%Diamond
Haemonchus contortusP9173081.4%Diamond
Caenorhabditis elegansQ1732881.4%Diamond
Lymnaea stagnalisP2671458.6%Diamond

Genomic neighbors (locus context)

Genes flanking this one on the chromosome (NCBI/Entrez gene neighborhood). Positional context only — some neighbors share regulatory elements (bidirectional promoters, antisense/overlapping transcripts), but chromosomal adjacency is not itself a functional relationship (see Interactions for that).

SymbolTypeEntrez
CSAG2protein-coding102723547
MAGEA3-DTncRNA105373370
MAGEA3protein-coding4102
GABRA3protein-coding2556
MIR105-2ncRNA406898
MIR767ncRNA768215
MIR105-1ncRNA406897
MAGEA10protein-coding4109

Protein

Protein identifiers

Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta — Q9UN88 (reviewed: Q9UN88)

Alternative names: GABA(A) receptor subunit theta

All UniProt accessions (1): Q9UN88

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Theta subunit of the heteropentameric ligand-gated chloride channel gated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA-gated chloride channels, also named GABA(A) receptors (GABAAR), consist of five subunits arranged around a central pore and contain GABA active binding site(s) located at the alpha and beta subunit interfaces. When activated by GABA, GABAARs selectively allow the flow of chloride anions across the cell membrane down their electrochemical gradient.

Subunit / interactions. Heteropentamer, formed by a combination of alpha (GABRA1-6), beta (GABRB1-3), gamma (GABRG1-3), delta (GABRD), epsilon (GABRE), rho (GABRR1-3), pi (GABRP) and theta (GABRQ) chains, each subunit exhibiting distinct physiological and pharmacological properties.

Subcellular location. Postsynaptic cell membrane. Cell membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in brain.

Activity regulation. Potentiated by etomidate, propofol, pregnanolone and pentobarbital.

Domain organisation. GABAARs subunits share a common topological structure: a peptide sequence made up of a long extracellular N-terminal, four transmembrane domains, intracellular or cytoplasmic domain located between the third and the fourth transmembrane domains.

Similarity. Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (TC 1.A.9.5) subfamily. GABRQ sub-subfamily.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_061028* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR006028GABAA/Glycine_rcptFamily
IPR006029Neurotrans-gated_channel_TMDomain
IPR006201Neur_channelFamily
IPR006202Neur_chan_lig-bdDomain
IPR008101GABAAt_rcptFamily
IPR018000Neurotransmitter_ion_chnl_CSConserved_site
IPR036719Neuro-gated_channel_TM_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR036734Neur_chan_lig-bd_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR038050Neuro_actylchol_recHomologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF02931, PF02932

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea)

  • chloride(in) = chloride(out) (RHEA:29823)

UniProt features (20 total): compositionally biased region 4, topological domain 4, transmembrane region 4, region of interest 2, sequence variant 2, signal peptide 1, chain 1, glycosylation site 1, disulfide bond 1

Structure

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q9UN88-F167.550.34

Human Protein Atlas

Protein class: Predicted membrane proteins, FDA approved drug targets, Small molecule drugs

Protein evidence: Evidence at protein level

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Disulfide bonds (1)

TypePositions
Disulfide bond183–197

Glycosylation sites (1)

TypePositions
N-linked (glcnac…) asparagine127

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 curated (TAS) of 7; 0 disease pathways. Curated-first; evidence = TAS (manually curated) vs IEA (electronic inference).

7 pathways:

IDPathwayEvidence
R-HSA-977443GABA receptor activationelectronic
R-HSA-112316Neuronal System—
R-HSA-112314Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission—
R-HSA-162582Signal Transduction—
R-HSA-1236394Signaling by ERBB4electronic
R-HSA-9006934Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases—
R-HSA-112315Transmission across Chemical Synapses—

MSigDB gene sets: 92 (showing top): GOBP_NEUROTRANSMITTER_TRANSPORT, GOBP_INORGANIC_ANION_TRANSPORT, GOBP_GAMMA_AMINOBUTYRIC_ACID_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_CELL_CELL_SIGNALING, MYOD_01, GOBP_CHLORIDE_TRANSPORT, BLALOCK_ALZHEIMERS_DISEASE_UP, KEGG_NEUROACTIVE_LIGAND_RECEPTOR_INTERACTION, OCT1_06, GOBP_SYNAPTIC_SIGNALING, REACTOME_TRANSMISSION_ACROSS_CHEMICAL_SYNAPSES, GCM_CDH5, RIGGI_EWING_SARCOMA_PROGENITOR_UP, GOBP_TRANSMEMBRANE_TRANSPORT, TGGAAA_NFAT_Q4_01

GO Biological Process (8): signal transduction (GO:0007165), gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway (GO:0007214), synaptic transmission, GABAergic (GO:0051932), chloride transmembrane transport (GO:1902476), monoatomic ion transport (GO:0006811), chloride transport (GO:0006821), neurotransmitter transport (GO:0006836), monoatomic ion transmembrane transport (GO:0034220)

GO Molecular Function (8): transmembrane signaling receptor activity (GO:0004888), GABA-A receptor activity (GO:0004890), neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0005326), GABA-gated chloride ion channel activity (GO:0022851), monoatomic ion channel activity (GO:0005216), extracellular ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity (GO:0005230), chloride channel activity (GO:0005254), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (7): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), chloride channel complex (GO:0034707), signaling receptor complex (GO:0043235), postsynaptic membrane (GO:0045211), GABA-A receptor complex (GO:1902711), membrane (GO:0016020), GABA-ergic synapse (GO:0098982)

Reactome top-level categories

5 top-level categories:

CategoryPathways
Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases1
Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission1
Transmission across Chemical Synapses1
Neuronal System1
Signal Transduction1

GO top-level categories

36 GO namespaces:

CategoryTerms
GABA receptor activity2
transport2
cell communication1
cellular process1
signaling1
regulation of cellular process1
cellular response to stimulus1
cell-cell signaling1
chemical synaptic transmission1
chloride transport1
monoatomic anion transmembrane transport1
monoatomic anion transport1
inorganic anion transport1
monoatomic ion transport1
transmembrane transport1
signaling receptor activity1
neurotransmitter transport1
transmembrane transporter activity1
chloride channel activity1
transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity1
ligand-gated monoatomic anion channel activity1
monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity1
channel activity1
ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity1
monoatomic anion channel activity1
chloride transmembrane transporter activity1
binding1
membrane1
cell periphery1
monoatomic ion channel complex1
protein-containing complex1
synaptic membrane1
postsynapse1
GABA receptor complex1
cellular anatomical structure1
synapse1

Experimentally-supported GO annotations

GO terms backed by direct experimental evidence (ECO experimental codes) — 3 of 23 annotations. The rest are phylogenetic / computational / electronic (IEA).

3 experimentally-supported GO terms:

GO termNSEvidence
signaling receptor complexCCdirect assay
GABA-A receptor activityMFdirect assay
GABA-gated chloride ion channel activityMFdirect assay

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

showing 15 of 688 interactions by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
GABRQADRA1AP35348534
GABRQSLC18A2Q05940532
GABRQTHP07101526
GABRQGABBR2O75899463
GABRQFEZF2Q8TBJ5460
GABRQDRD3P35462404
GABRQDRD2P14416385
GABRQSEZ6Q53EL9372
GABRQID3Q02535370
GABRQSTON2Q8WXE9369
GABRQSLC38A11Q08AI6365
GABRQATF3P18847364
GABRQSLC6A11P48066360
GABRQSLC47A1Q96FL8357
GABRQID1P41134357

IntAct

Human interaction partners of GABRQ in IntAct, one row per partner (best MIscore; records = supporting IntAct interaction records).

2 partners by confidence:

PartnerInteraction typeMIscoreRecords
GNMTphysical association0.5603
TXNDC12physical association0.4001

BioGRID (5 interactions; top human partners by supporting records): CLEC2B (Affinity Capture-MS), GNMT (Two-hybrid), HLA-G (Affinity Capture-MS), KIAA1429 (Affinity Capture-RNA), TXNDC12 (Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS))

Protein complexes (CORUM) (1)

Experimentally-characterized complexes this protein is a subunit of (★ = the complex contains a known drug target).

1 complexes by size:

ComplexSubunitsMembers
★ GABRA3-GABRB1-GABRE-GABRQ complex4GABRA3, GABRB1, GABRE, GABRQ

Ligand–receptor pairs (CellPhoneDB) (1)

Curated ligand–receptor partners (cell-cell communication), distinct from the protein–protein interactions above.

1 ligand–receptor pairs:

PartnerThis gene’s roleSignaling class
GABRA3;GABRB3;GABRQSignaling by GABA

Disease & clinical

Genetic variants

Variant evidence for GABRQ: 96 ClinVar records (0 pathogenic / likely pathogenic); 1 PharmGKB clinical annotation.

ClinVar

96 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance62
Likely benign9
Benign0

SpliceAI

Top 10 splice-impact sites by Δscore (adjacent positions with the same effect merged into one range; 36 predictions of 695):

Position(s)EffectΔscoreSites
X:152638353donor_loss1.00002
X:152645525–152645526acceptor_loss1.00006
X:152647169–152647170donor_loss1.00004
X:152649236acceptor_gain1.0000
X:152649246acceptor_gain1.0000
X:152649249–152649250acceptor_loss1.00006
X:152649334–152649335donor_loss1.00005
X:152649740–152649741acceptor_loss1.00005
X:152649880–152649881donor_loss1.00004
X:152638352donor_loss0.99002

AlphaMissense

883 missense substitutions predicted likely pathogenic (of 4,182 scored), across 241 residues. Top 20 hotspot residues, ranked by the number of likely-pathogenic substitutions (of those reachable by a single-nucleotide change), then by mean score:

ResidueLikely-pathogenic substitutionsMean am_pathogenicityMax am_pathogenicity
D11680.9830.995
D21080.9400.988
F28780.9230.988
D19380.9130.968
D14280.9100.957
D32980.8870.966
S20380.8840.996
N16080.8690.955
D7180.8670.923
D60880.8640.914
F61580.8610.939
F14580.8600.983
D13180.8570.943
F16380.8320.976
F33880.8220.954
W11470.9900.997
W13970.9860.997
C19770.9720.989
C18370.9710.986
W21570.9480.988

HPA cancer prognostics

RNA cancer specificity: Cancer enhanced (Testicular Germ Cell Tumor)

Human Protein Atlas survival analysis — favorable = higher expression predicts better survival.

2 prognostic cancer types:

CancerPrognosticp-value
Breast Invasive Carcinoma (TCGA)unfavorable9.58e-05
Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (validation)favorable0.000796

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:300349 | disease phenotypes:

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (2): CHEMBL2093872 (PROTEIN COMPLEX GROUP), CHEMBL3885575 (PROTEIN COMPLEX)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

Phase ≥1, by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds). Patent mentions across the top 20 by phase: 447,242 (via chembl_molecule»patent_compound — counts attach to the compound, not the gene–compound relationship, so off-target/promiscuous molecules can dominate).

15 molecules by phase:

MoleculeNamePhasePatents
CHEMBL3183409APALUTAMIDE44,347
CHEMBL207538BREXANOLONE41,647
CHEMBL452CLONAZEPAM433,611
CHEMBL12DIAZEPAM492,923
CHEMBL1082407ENZALUTAMIDE410,210
CHEMBL407FLUMAZENIL47,208
CHEMBL1568698GANAXOLONE41,695
CHEMBL1544LIOTHYRONINE423,991
CHEMBL454095ABECARNIL2566
CHEMBL8260BAICALEIN28,718
CHEMBL268254DELORAZEPAM21,315
CHEMBL275638FLAVONE289,655
CHEMBL287631PROGABIDE23,882
CHEMBL96GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID1161,661
CHEMBL273481MUSCIMOL15,813

PharmGKB: 1 entry (CPIC guideline: no)

PharmGKB clinical annotations

1 annotations by evidence level (1 strongest → 4):

VariantAssociationLevelDrugsPhenotypes
rs3810651Efficacy3venlafaxineMajor Depressive Disorder

PharmGKB variants

1 variants:

VariantGenesLevelScore#Clin annotsDrugs
rs3810651GABRQ33.001venlafaxine

PharmGKB variant annotations

Per-publication pharmacogenomic findings for this gene (significant associations).

1 published findings:

VariantDrug(s)CategoryFindingPMID
rs3810651venlafaxineEfficacyGenotypes AA + AT are associated with increased response to venlafaxine in people with Depressive Disorder, Major as compared to genotype TT.PMID:23394390

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: lgic — GABAA receptors

ChEMBL bioactivities

475 potent at pChembl≥5 of 512 total, top 50 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChemblTypeValueUnitMolecule
10.00IC500.1nMCHEMBL454349
9.80IC500.16nMCHEMBL309517
9.70IC500.2nMCHEMBL4747460
9.62IC500.24nMCHEMBL79037
9.40IC500.3981nMCGS-8216
9.40IC500.4nMCHEMBL1271047
9.34IC500.46nMCHEMBL78730
9.31IC500.49nMCHEMBL76263
9.30IC500.5nMCHEMBL5266498
9.30IC500.5nMCHEMBL5290464
9.30IC500.5nMCHEMBL5280240
9.30IC500.5nMCHEMBL49141
9.30IC500.5nMCHEMBL1518572
9.22IC500.6026nMCGS-9896
9.22IC500.6nMCHEMBL419096
9.12IC500.76nMCHEMBL540583
9.10IC500.79nMCHEMBL77226
9.10IC500.8nMCHEMBL5265845
9.10IC500.8nMCHEMBL5291368
9.10IC500.8nMCHEMBL5271392
9.07Ki0.85nMCLONAZEPAM
9.05Ki0.9nMFLUMAZENIL
9.05IC500.9nMCHEMBL5285377
9.00Ki1nMCHEMBL3410222
9.00IC501nMBETA-CCM
9.00IC501nMCHEMBL454606
9.00IC501nMCHEMBL1337028
9.00IC501nMCHEMBL509197
9.00IC501nMABECARNIL
9.00Ki1nMCHEMBL54341
9.00Ki1nMCHEMBL348367
8.96IC501.1nMCHEMBL444586
8.77Ki1.7nMCHEMBL154342
8.74IC501.8nMCHEMBL444050
8.70IC502nMMUSCIMOL
8.66IC502.2nMCHEMBL80610
8.64IC502.3nMFIPRONIL
8.55IC502.8nMCHEMBL75642
8.55Ki2.8nMCHEMBL372281
8.55IC502.8nMDELORAZEPAM
8.52Ki3nMCHEMBL265547
8.52IC503nMCHEMBL510764
8.52IC503nMCHEMBL5266558
8.52IC503nMCHEMBL2262044
8.52IC503nMCHEMBL499814
8.52IC503nMCHEMBL1161036
8.48IC503.3nMCHEMBL75642
8.40IC503.981nMCHEMBL301605
8.40Ki4nMCHEMBL330116
8.40Ki4nMCHEMBL3407528

PubChem BioAssay actives

409 with measured affinity, of 877 total; 50 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

CompoundAssayTypeValueUnit
2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3-one40988: Inhibition on Benzodiazepine receptoric500.0001uM
ethyl 4-(methoxymethyl)-5-phenylmethoxy-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0002uM
ethyl 4-methyl-5-propan-2-yloxy-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0004uM
2-phenyl-3aH-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3-one40988: Inhibition on Benzodiazepine receptoric500.0004uM
ethyl 4-(methoxymethyl)-6-phenylmethoxy-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0005uM
ethyl 4-(methoxymethyl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0005uM
ethyl 6-methoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0005uM
ethyl 4-(methoxymethyl)-6-propoxy-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0005uM
ethyl 6-hydroxy-4-(methoxymethyl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0005uM
2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3aH-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3-one40988: Inhibition on Benzodiazepine receptoric500.0006uM
5-[[3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6-iminopyridazin-1-yl]methyl]-1,2-thiazol-3-one;hydrobromide72153: Affinity for gamma-aminobutyric-acid A receptor measured by its ability to displace [3H]gabazine antagonist from rat brain preparations.ic500.0008uM
propan-2-yl 16-(methoxymethyl)-3,6,11,14-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,17]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,8,12,14,16-octaene-15-carboxylate1932305: Inhibition of GABAA receptor (unknown origin)ic500.0008uM
propan-2-yl 4-(methoxymethyl)-6,9,14,21-tetrazapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.03,8.015,20]henicosa-1(21),2,4,6,8,10,12,15(20)-octaene-5-carboxylate1932305: Inhibition of GABAA receptor (unknown origin)ic500.0008uM
propan-2-yl 15-(methoxymethyl)-4-propan-2-yl-5-oxa-10,13-diazatetracyclo[7.7.0.02,6.011,16]hexadeca-1(9),2(6),3,7,11,13,15-heptaene-14-carboxylate1932305: Inhibition of GABAA receptor (unknown origin)ic500.0008uM
Clonazepam239299: Displacement of [3H]flumazenil from bovine benzodiazepine receptor GABA-A channel of brain membraneski0.0008uM
15-(methoxymethyl)-14-(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-4-propan-2-yl-5-oxa-3,10,13-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.02,6.011,16]hexadeca-1(9),2(6),3,7,11,13,15-heptaene1932305: Inhibition of GABAA receptor (unknown origin)ic500.0009uM
Flumazenil239299: Displacement of [3H]flumazenil from bovine benzodiazepine receptor GABA-A channel of brain membraneski0.0009uM
ethyl 9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0010uM
methyl 9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0010uM
propyl 9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0010uM
tert-butyl 9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0010uM
7-chloro-5-methyl-3-(2-phenylethynyl)-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepin-6-one1196597: Displacement of [3H]flumazenil from rat cortex GABAA receptor BDZ binding site expressed in HEK293 cells by competition binding assayki0.0010uM
6-bromo-2-(3-nitrophenyl)chromen-4-one72729: Binding affinity towards benzodiazepine site in GABAA receptorki0.0010uM
(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl 8-chloro-5-oxido-3,3a-dihydropyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]benzotriazin-5-ium-3-carboxylate41860: Binding affinity towards Benzodiazepine receptor from bovine brain membrane using [3H]Ro-151788 as radioligandki0.0010uM
propan-2-yl 4-(methoxymethyl)-6-phenylmethoxy-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0010uM
(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl 8-chloropyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]benzotriazine-3-carboxylate41860: Binding affinity towards Benzodiazepine receptor from bovine brain membrane using [3H]Ro-151788 as radioligandki0.0017uM
5-(aminomethyl)-1,2-oxazol-3-one72155: Binding affinity in vivo for gamma-aminobutyric-acid A receptor measured by its ability to displace [3H]-GABA agonist from rat brain preparations after iv injection.ic500.0020uM
Fipronil242615: In vitro insecticidal activity as inhibition of [3H]EBOB binding to Gamma-aminobutyric acid GABA-A receptor of housefly neuronal membranesic500.0023uM
9-chloro-2-phenyl-6H-triazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]benzotriazine-1,5-dione239299: Displacement of [3H]flumazenil from bovine benzodiazepine receptor GABA-A channel of brain membraneski0.0028uM
7-chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one40974: In vitro displacement of [3H]-diazepam from GABA-A Benzodiazepine receptoric500.0028uM
3-isothiocyanato-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0030uM
9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carbonitrile1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0030uM
3-(6,7-difluoro-1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)-1,3a,4,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydrocyclohepta[d]imidazol-2-one40986: Binding affinity against GABA-A benzodiazepine receptorki0.0030uM
(5aR,7R,9aS,11aS)-2-amino-7-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-3,3a,3b,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9,9b,11-dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-e]indol-10-one72153: Affinity for gamma-aminobutyric-acid A receptor measured by its ability to displace [3H]gabazine antagonist from rat brain preparations.ic500.0030uM
3-propoxy-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0030uM
1-(9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-3-yl)butan-1-one1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0030uM
8-fluoro-5-methyl-3-(2-phenylethynyl)-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepin-6-one1196597: Displacement of [3H]flumazenil from rat cortex GABAA receptor BDZ binding site expressed in HEK293 cells by competition binding assayki0.0040uM
methyl 6-hydroxy-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0040uM
2-phenyl-6H-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazolin-5-one40986: Binding affinity against GABA-A benzodiazepine receptorki0.0040uM
17-chloro-9,12,20-triazapentacyclo[11.7.0.02,10.03,8.014,19]icosa-1(13),2(10),3,5,7,11,14,16,18-nonaene1932305: Inhibition of GABAA receptor (unknown origin)ic500.0040uM
5-nitro-9,12,20-triazapentacyclo[11.7.0.02,10.03,8.014,19]icosa-1(13),2(10),3,5,7,11,14,16,18-nonaene1932305: Inhibition of GABAA receptor (unknown origin)ic500.0040uM
5-bromo-9,12,20-triazapentacyclo[11.7.0.02,10.03,8.014,19]icosa-1(13),2(10),3,5,7,11,14,16,18-nonaene1932305: Inhibition of GABAA receptor (unknown origin)ic500.0040uM
17-methoxy-9,12,20-triazapentacyclo[11.7.0.02,10.03,8.014,19]icosa-1(13),2(10),3,5,7,11,14,16,18-nonaene1932305: Inhibition of GABAA receptor (unknown origin)ic500.0040uM
9,12,20-triazapentacyclo[11.7.0.02,10.03,8.014,19]icosa-1(13),2(10),3,5,7,11,14,16,18-nonaene1932305: Inhibition of GABAA receptor (unknown origin)ic500.0040uM
methyl 6-(benzylamino)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate1932290: Displacement of [3H]flunitrazepam from GABAA (unknown origin ) receptor by radioligand binding assayic500.0040uM
Diazepam1934094: Inhibition of GABA-A receptor (unknown origin)ic500.0042uM
4-acetyl-13-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-thia-13,14-diazatricyclo[8.4.0.02,6]tetradeca-1(10),2(6),3-trien-12-one40977: Binding affinity for GABA-A Benzodiazepine receptorki0.0042uM
1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-(trifluoromethylsulfinyl)pyrazole242615: In vitro insecticidal activity as inhibition of [3H]EBOB binding to Gamma-aminobutyric acid GABA-A receptor of housefly neuronal membranesic500.0042uM
2-amino-N-[4-chloro-2-(2-chlorobenzoyl)phenyl]acetamide40974: In vitro displacement of [3H]-diazepam from GABA-A Benzodiazepine receptoric500.0048uM
3-(7-fluoro-1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)-1,3a,4,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydrocyclohepta[d]imidazol-2-one40986: Binding affinity against GABA-A benzodiazepine receptorki0.0050uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

15 total (human), top 15 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
sodium arseniteaffects expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance2
Valproic Aciddecreases methylation, increases expression2
butyraldehydeincreases expression1
manganese chlorideaffects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance1
abrinedecreases expression1
jinfukangaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Sunitinibincreases expression1
Arsenicaffects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance1
Benzo(a)pyreneaffects methylation1
Cadmiumdecreases expression, increases abundance1
Cisplatinaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Leadaffects expression1
Manganeseincreases abundance, affects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Cyclosporinedecreases methylation1
Cadmium Chloridedecreases expression, increases abundance1

ChEMBL screening assays

186 unique, capped per target: 167 binding, 15 functional, 3 toxicity, 1 admet

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay IDTypeDescriptionSource paper
CHEMBL3363914BindingDisplacement of [3H]Muscimol from rat GABAA receptor at 10 uM after 90 mins by microbeta counting analysisGriseorhodins D-F, neuroactive intermediates and end products of post-PKS tailoring modification in Griseorhodin biosynthesis. — *J Nat Prod*
CHEMBL4810229ADMETInhibition of GABA A receptor (unknown origin) at 0.1 to 1 uMDiscovery of Pemigatinib: A Potent and Selective Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) Inhibitor. — *J Med Chem*
CHEMBL5335653ToxicityAntagonist activity at GABA-A (unknown origin)Discovery of a Novel Bifunctional Steroid Analog, YXG-158, as an Androgen Receptor Degrader and CYP17A1 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer. — *J Med Chem*

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

Via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Predicted chemistry — Sugi Predict

The predicted patent-compound landscape for GABRQ across ~30M SureChEMBL compounds — explore on Sugi Predict.

  • Pharmacogenomically associated drugs (drugs whose metabolism/response is associated with variants in this gene (PharmGKB) — not drugs that target it): Venlafaxine