GALNT15

Summary

GALNT15 (polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 15, HGNC:21531) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 3p25.1, encoding Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 15 (Q8N3T1). Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor.

Predicted to enable polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity. Predicted to be involved in protein O-linked glycosylation. Located in transport vesicle.

Source: NCBI Gene 117248 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 3
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 125 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_054110

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:21531
Approved symbol	GALNT15
Name	polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 15
Location	3p25.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	GALNT7, pp-GalNAc-T15
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000131386
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	615131
Entrez	117248

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 15 — 12 protein_coding, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000339732, ENST00000430410, ENST00000437509, ENST00000470031, ENST00000489467, ENST00000650034, ENST00000893520, ENST00000893521, ENST00000893522, ENST00000893523, ENST00000961725, ENST00000961726, ENST00000961727, ENST00000961728, ENST00000961729

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_054110 NM_001319051, NM_054110

CCDS: CCDS33711, CCDS82742

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000339732 — 10 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000966075	16208503	16208670
ENSE00000966076	16211124	16211241
ENSE00000966077	16212569	16212763
ENSE00001076089	16222615	16222758
ENSE00001148843	16219910	16220014
ENSE00001216745	16174680	16175690
ENSE00001340796	16195760	16195926
ENSE00001424394	16227354	16230165
ENSE00003645906	16200619	16200823
ENSE00003668384	16219403	16219534

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 231 present calls, max score 98.87.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 1.3373 / max 154.5542, expressed in 307 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (14 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
35545	6.0288	619
35546	0.4638	182
35544	0.1244	77
35542	0.1206	36
35549	0.1117	54
35548	0.1022	47
35547	0.0971	42
35550	0.0924	40
35543	0.0769	24
35541	0.0738	20

Top tissues by expression

250 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	98.87	gold quality
decidua	UBERON:0002450	98.73	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	98.52	gold quality
spinal cord	UBERON:0002240	97.50	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	97.39	gold quality
inferior vagus X ganglion	UBERON:0005363	97.11	gold quality
cartilage tissue	UBERON:0002418	97.02	gold quality
pericardium	UBERON:0002407	96.40	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	96.39	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	95.34	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	95.28	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	95.10	gold quality
corpus callosum	UBERON:0002336	95.05	gold quality
synovial joint	UBERON:0002217	94.79	gold quality
pons	UBERON:0000988	94.45	gold quality
adipose tissue	UBERON:0001013	94.45	gold quality
subthalamic nucleus	UBERON:0001906	94.14	gold quality
tibialis anterior	UBERON:0001385	94.09	silver quality
medulla oblongata	UBERON:0001896	94.09	gold quality
layer of synovial tissue	UBERON:0007616	94.08	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	93.46	gold quality
midbrain	UBERON:0001891	93.28	gold quality
tendon	UBERON:0000043	92.85	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	92.52	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	92.01	gold quality
tendon of biceps brachii	UBERON:0008188	91.99	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	91.64	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	91.59	gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulata	UBERON:0001966	91.45	gold quality
superior vestibular nucleus	UBERON:0007227	91.22	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 3.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-135922	yes	38.52
E-ANND-3	yes	37.43
E-HCAD-25	yes	4.40

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

109 targeting GALNT15, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-6833-3P	100.00	70.63	3197
HSA-MIR-4768-5P	100.00	69.49	2861
HSA-MIR-6798-5P	100.00	65.77	699
HSA-MIR-4476	100.00	68.18	2030
HSA-MIR-6876-5P	100.00	67.68	2126
HSA-MIR-6873-3P	100.00	71.42	2626
HSA-MIR-3924	100.00	72.09	2394
HSA-MIR-4533	100.00	69.48	2758
HSA-MIR-1252-5P	100.00	69.80	2774
HSA-MIR-3646	100.00	73.56	5283
HSA-MIR-4531	99.99	69.70	3181
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-4775	99.98	75.00	6394
HSA-MIR-433-3P	99.98	69.37	1203
HSA-MIR-4487	99.96	64.58	1252
HSA-MIR-6778-3P	99.96	67.29	2693
HSA-MIR-302E	99.96	70.74	2669
HSA-MIR-4725-3P	99.96	69.53	2520
HSA-MIR-6780B-5P	99.96	69.60	2562
HSA-MIR-1236-3P	99.94	68.04	1695
HSA-MIR-539-5P	99.93	70.30	2855
HSA-MIR-450B-5P	99.92	71.48	3175
HSA-MIR-6809-3P	99.91	71.45	3814
HSA-MIR-10523-5P	99.91	69.22	2038
HSA-MIR-4753-3P	99.90	71.03	3786
HSA-MIR-380-3P	99.89	70.18	1978
HSA-MIR-7162-3P	99.89	68.16	1682
HSA-MIR-4271	99.88	68.32	2244
HSA-MIR-12119	99.87	68.35	1653
HSA-MIR-6515-3P	99.82	68.19	1933

Cross-species orthologs

15 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Galnt15	ENSMUSG00000021903
rattus_norvegicus	Galnt15	ENSRNOG00000019718
drosophila_melanogaster	Pgant7	FBGN0030930
drosophila_melanogaster	Pgant5	FBGN0031681
drosophila_melanogaster	Pgant6	FBGN0035375
drosophila_melanogaster	CG7304	FBGN0036527
drosophila_melanogaster	CG7579	FBGN0036528
drosophila_melanogaster	Pgant8	FBGN0036529
drosophila_melanogaster	Pgant9	FBGN0050463
drosophila_melanogaster	CG31776	FBGN0051776
drosophila_melanogaster	Pgant4	FBGN0051956
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001628
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001630
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001632
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001635

Paralogs (19): GALNT16 (ENSG00000100626), GALNTL5 (ENSG00000106648), GALNT7 (ENSG00000109586), GALNT18 (ENSG00000110328), GALNT3 (ENSG00000115339), GALNT12 (ENSG00000119514), GALNT8 (ENSG00000130035), GALNT5 (ENSG00000136542), GALNT6 (ENSG00000139629), GALNT1 (ENSG00000141429), GALNT2 (ENSG00000143641), GALNT13 (ENSG00000144278), GALNT14 (ENSG00000158089), GALNT10 (ENSG00000164574), GALNTL6 (ENSG00000174473), GALNT11 (ENSG00000178234), GALNT9 (ENSG00000182870), GALNT17 (ENSG00000185274), GALNT4 (ENSG00000257594)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 15 — Q8N3T1 (reviewed: Q8N3T1)

Alternative names: Polypeptide GalNAc transferase-like protein 2, Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-like protein 2, Protein-UDP acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-like protein 2, UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-like protein 2

All UniProt accessions (3): A0A3B3IRY6, C9JGI4, Q8N3T1

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Although it displays a much weaker activity toward all substrates tested compared to GALNT2, it is able to transfer up to seven GalNAc residues to the Muc5AC peptide, suggesting that it can fill vicinal Thr/Ser residues in cooperation with other GALNT proteins. Prefers Muc1a as substrate.

Subcellular location. Golgi apparatus membrane.

Tissue specificity. Widely expressed. Highly expressed in small intestine, placenta, spleen, cerebral cortex and ovary. Expressed at intermediate level in uterus, mammary gland, stomach, cerebellum and whole brain. Weakly expressed in fetal brain, bone marrow, thyroid gland, thymus, heart, skeletal muscle, lung, liver, colon, pancreas, kidney and testis. Not expressed in leukocyte. Expressed in both normal and osteoarthritic cartilage. Expressed at low level in chondrocytes in all zones of both normal and osteoarthritic cartilage.

Domain organisation. There are two conserved domains in the glycosyltransferase region: the N-terminal domain (domain A, also called GT1 motif), which is probably involved in manganese coordination and substrate binding and the C-terminal domain (domain B, also called Gal/GalNAc-T motif), which is probably involved in catalytic reaction and UDP-Gal binding. The ricin B-type lectin domain binds to GalNAc and contributes to the glycopeptide specificity.

Pathway. Protein modification; protein glycosylation.

Similarity. Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily.

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001305980, NP_473451* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000772	Ricin_B_lectin	Domain
IPR001173	Glyco_trans_2-like	Domain
IPR029044	Nucleotide-diphossugar_trans	Homologous_superfamily
IPR035992	Ricin_B-like_lectins	Homologous_superfamily
IPR045885	GalNAc-T	Domain

Pfam: PF00535, PF00652

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 2 shown:

• L-seryl-[protein] + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine = a 3-O-[N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl]-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP + H(+) (RHEA:23956)
• L-threonyl-[protein] + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine = a 3-O-[N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl]-L-threonyl-[protein] + UDP + H(+) (RHEA:52424)

UniProt features (29 total): binding site 5, disulfide bond 5, sequence variant 5, region of interest 3, topological domain 2, glycosylation site 2, sequence conflict 2, compositionally biased region 2, chain 1, transmembrane region 1, domain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q8N3T1-F1	77.98	0.52

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (5): 231; 260; 283; 285; 417

Disulfide bonds (5): 181–412, 403–482, 517–536, 562–575, 603–620

Glycosylation sites (2): 107, 574

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-913709	O-linked glycosylation of mucins

MSigDB gene sets: 323 (showing top): GSE45365_NK_CELL_VS_CD8A_DC_MCMV_INFECTION_UP, ROVERSI_GLIOMA_COPY_NUMBER_UP, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_DN, DITTMER_PTHLH_TARGETS_UP, chr4q34, SARRIO_EPITHELIAL_MESENCHYMAL_TRANSITION_DN, CTATGCA_MIR153, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, ONKEN_UVEAL_MELANOMA_UP, FOSTER_TOLERANT_MACROPHAGE_DN, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, WAGNER_APO2_SENSITIVITY, RIGGI_EWING_SARCOMA_PROGENITOR_DN, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, CREIGHTON_ENDOCRINE_THERAPY_RESISTANCE_5

GO Biological Process (3): protein O-linked glycosylation (GO:0006493), protein O-linked glycosylation via N-acetylgalactosamine (GO:0016266), obsolete protein glycosylation (GO:0006486)

GO Molecular Function (6): polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity (GO:0004653), carbohydrate binding (GO:0030246), metal ion binding (GO:0046872), protein binding (GO:0005515), transferase activity (GO:0016740), glycosyltransferase activity (GO:0016757)

GO Cellular Component (4): Golgi membrane (GO:0000139), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), transport vesicle (GO:0030133), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

Category	Pathways
O-linked glycosylation	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
binding	2
endomembrane system	2
glycoprotein biosynthetic process	1
protein O-linked glycosylation	1
acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity	1
catalytic activity, acting on a protein	1
cation binding	1
catalytic activity	1
transferase activity	1
Golgi apparatus	1
bounding membrane of organelle	1
cytoplasm	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
cytoplasmic vesicle	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

664 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
GALNT15	PTCHD1	Q96NR3	477
GALNT15	TMEM147	Q9BVK8	452
GALNT15	DPP6	P42658	439
GALNT15	DPH3	Q96FX2	438
GALNT15	GBP7	Q8N8V2	425
GALNT15	GCNT3	O95395	419
GALNT15	OXNAD1	Q96HP4	415
GALNT15	KTN1	Q86UP2	396
GALNT15	BNC2	Q6ZN30	383
GALNT15	GBP4	Q96PP9	380
GALNT15	RFTN1	Q14699	378
GALNT15	PTPN6	P29350	364
GALNT15	MFAP5	Q13361	360
GALNT15	PLCL2	Q9UPR0	346
GALNT15	KIAA1755	Q5JYT7	343

IntAct

52 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
GALNT15	IL27RA	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GALNT15	FCRL6	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GALNT15	SLC30A2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GALNT15	MR1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GALNT15	PDCD1LG2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
SLC7A1	GALNT15	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GALNT15	FNDC9	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GALNT15	CD200R1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PDZK1IP1	GALNT15	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FFAR2	GALNT15	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
CD79A	GALNT15	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
EVI2B	GALNT15	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GALNT15	SYNPR	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
IL27RA	GALNT15	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FCRL6	GALNT15	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GALNT15	GOLM1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GALNT15	CISD2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TMEM179B	GALNT15	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GALNT15	SPSB2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
GALNT15	SLC30A2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
GALNT15	PDCD1LG2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
GALNT15	SLC7A1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
GALNT15	FNDC9	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
GALNT15	CD200R1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
GALNT15	PDZK1IP1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
GALNT15	CD79A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
GALNT15	EVI2B	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (18): GALNT15 (Two-hybrid), GALNT15 (Two-hybrid), GALNT15 (Two-hybrid), GOLM1 (Two-hybrid), SLC7A1 (Two-hybrid), CISD2 (Two-hybrid), MR1 (Two-hybrid), SLC30A2 (Two-hybrid), PDZK1IP1 (Two-hybrid), CD200R1 (Two-hybrid), SYNPR (Two-hybrid), FNDC9 (Two-hybrid), FCRL6 (Two-hybrid), TMEM179B (Two-hybrid), EVI2B (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: O08644, O15197, O88178, O96024, O97507, P00748, P0C0K6, P0C0K7, P98140, Q02853, Q04962, Q08345, Q08BL3, Q0V8J4, Q13444, Q3USF0, Q3V1N9, Q499S5, Q5EA85, Q5JCS9, Q5RAL7, Q5TJE8, Q66H69, Q6MG64, Q6ZMB0, Q7T3S5, Q7TNJ2, Q7YR43, Q7Z7M1, Q7Z7M8, Q864U6, Q8BYG9, Q8IU80, Q8IZF5, Q8IZY2, Q8K0J2, Q8N3T1, Q8NFL0, Q8R3I9, Q91V24

Diamond homologs: A8Y236, H0ZAB5, O08832, O08912, O45293, O45947, O61394, O61397, O88422, P34678, P70419, Q07537, Q10471, Q10472, Q10473, Q14435, Q29121, Q49A17, Q5EA41, Q5RFJ6, Q6DJR8, Q6IS24, Q6P6V1, Q6P9A2, Q6P9S7, Q6PB93, Q6UE39, Q6WV16, Q6WV17, Q6WV19, Q6WV20, Q7K755, Q7TT15, Q7Z4T8, Q7Z7M9, Q80VA0, Q86SF2, Q86SR1, Q8BGT9, Q8BVG5

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

125 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	108
Likely benign	7
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

5618 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
3:16175691:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
3:16208491:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:16208501:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:16208502:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:16208638:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
3:16208668:CAGGT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
3:16208669:AGGTG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:16208671:G:GA	donor_loss	1.0000
3:16208672:T:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:16211237:TCAAG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
3:16211238:CAAG:C	donor_loss	1.0000
3:16211239:AAG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:16211242:GTAT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:16219531:A:T	donor_gain	1.0000
3:16222612:CAGT:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:16222613:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:16222614:G:GT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:16222614:GTA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:16222614:GTAC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:16222757:AGGT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:16222759:G:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:16222760:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:16227352:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:16227353:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:16227353:GA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:173168960:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
4:173168961:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
4:173212063:ACAT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:173212064:C:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
4:173248436:GAAGA:G	donor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4219 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
3:16227464:G:C	W628C	0.993
3:16227464:G:T	W628C	0.993
3:16195800:A:C	S194R	0.989
3:16195802:C:A	S194R	0.989
3:16195802:C:G	S194R	0.989
3:16227462:T:A	W628R	0.988
3:16227462:T:C	W628R	0.988
3:16211125:A:C	S361R	0.985
3:16211127:C:A	S361R	0.985
3:16211127:C:G	S361R	0.985
3:16222746:G:C	W587C	0.981
3:16222746:G:T	W587C	0.981
3:16227387:T:A	C603S	0.978
3:16227388:G:C	C603S	0.978
3:16200786:T:A	W292R	0.968
3:16200786:T:C	W292R	0.968
3:16222744:T:A	W587R	0.966
3:16222744:T:C	W587R	0.966
3:16227463:G:C	W628S	0.962
3:16200732:G:C	A274P	0.961
3:16212578:T:A	C403S	0.961
3:16212579:G:C	C403S	0.961
3:16195804:T:A	V195D	0.960
3:16227387:T:C	C603R	0.959
3:16212693:C:A	A441D	0.958
3:16219454:T:A	C482S	0.955
3:16219455:G:C	C482S	0.955
3:16219918:C:A	N511K	0.954
3:16219918:C:G	N511K	0.954
3:16200733:C:A	A274D	0.953

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000014322 (3:16177070 A>C), RS1000032740 (3:16183896 T>C), RS1000044103 (3:16202491 G>A), RS1000112428 (3:16190037 AT>A), RS1000180641 (3:16246558 G>A), RS1000227925 (3:16200649 T>C,G), RS1000249596 (3:16240937 C>T), RS1000270513 (3:16221835 G>C), RS1000344108 (3:16212361 T>C), RS1000401082 (3:16246330 T>G), RS1000433908 (3:16186471 T>C), RS1000458393 (3:16183458 G>A), RS1000486269 (3:16186017 GA>G), RS1000565214 (3:16201461 G>A,C), RS1000622938 (3:16228311 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:615131 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

3 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST006291_53	Spherical equivalent or myopia (age of diagnosis)	3.000000e-11
GCST009322_1	Numerical cognitive ability	9.000000e-06
GCST010002_416	Refractive error	1.000000e-17

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004847	age at onset
EFO:0008354	cognitive function measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

37 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	decreases expression, increases methylation	3
Rotenone	increases expression	2
daidzein	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
lead acetate	decreases expression	1
daidzin	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
sodium arsenite	decreases expression	1
cupric chloride	decreases expression	1
genistin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
glycitein	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
entinostat	increases expression	1
glycitin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
bisphenol S	decreases methylation	1
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Temozolomide	affects response to substance	1
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	1
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Arsenic	affects methylation	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	decreases methylation	1
Carmustine	affects response to substance	1
Dexamethasone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Estradiol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Formaldehyde	decreases expression	1
Indomethacin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Lead	affects expression	1
Oxygen	increases expression	1
Plant Extracts	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Smoke	increases expression	1
Thiram	decreases expression	1
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.