GNG3

Summary

GNG3 (G protein subunit gamma 3, HGNC:4405) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 11q12.3, encoding Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 (P63215). Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems.

Guanine nucleotide binding proteins are heterotrimeric signal-transducing molecules consisting of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. The gamma subunit determines the specificity of which signaling pathways will be affected by this particular complex. The protein encoded by this gene represents the gamma subunit of both inhibitory and stimulatory complexes.

Source: NCBI Gene 2785 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 4
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 4 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_012202

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:4405
Approved symbol	GNG3
Name	G protein subunit gamma 3
Location	11q12.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000162188
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	608941
Entrez	2785

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 11 — 11 protein_coding

ENST00000294117, ENST00000850846, ENST00000854340, ENST00000854341, ENST00000854342, ENST00000912501, ENST00000951615, ENST00000951616, ENST00000951617, ENST00000951618, ENST00000951619

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_012202 NM_012202

CCDS: CCDS8032

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000294117 — 3 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001063210	62708295	62708394
ENSE00001063212	62708678	62709201
ENSE00001331002	62707676	62707915

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 193 present calls, max score 99.41.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 31.9702 / max 1716.6144, expressed in 325 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
114727	31.8147	325
114728	0.1555	61

Top tissues by expression

287 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	99.41	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	99.19	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	99.10	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	99.08	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	99.03	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	99.03	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	98.84	gold quality
frontal lobe	UBERON:0016525	98.84	gold quality
cingulate cortex	UBERON:0003027	98.80	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	98.80	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	98.76	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	98.72	gold quality
dorsal root ganglion	UBERON:0000044	98.59	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	98.54	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	98.52	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	98.36	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	98.31	gold quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	98.14	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	98.14	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 46	UBERON:0006483	98.14	gold quality
orbitofrontal cortex	UBERON:0004167	98.04	gold quality
superior frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002661	97.97	gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamus	UBERON:0002736	97.89	gold quality
substantia nigra pars compacta	UBERON:0001965	97.81	gold quality
telencephalon	UBERON:0001893	97.78	gold quality
temporal lobe	UBERON:0001871	97.66	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	97.56	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	97.47	gold quality
Ammon’s horn	UBERON:0001954	97.35	gold quality
parietal lobe	UBERON:0001872	97.28	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 7 experiment(s), a significant marker in 5.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-7316	yes	1360.89
E-MTAB-6911	yes	560.00
E-HCAD-5	yes	14.56
E-GEOD-93593	yes	12.31
E-HCAD-10	yes	4.66
E-MTAB-9154	no	1163.89
E-ANND-3	no	0.86

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): MAX, MYB, TBX4

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

26 targeting GNG3, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4283	100.00	66.42	2097
HSA-MIR-218-5P	99.93	72.22	2103
HSA-MIR-6744-5P	99.93	66.82	748
HSA-MIR-1321	99.84	65.30	1811
HSA-MIR-4739	99.84	65.25	1832
HSA-MIR-4756-5P	99.84	64.98	1809
HSA-MIR-765	99.84	68.24	2442
HSA-MIR-636	99.80	69.58	1500
HSA-MIR-11181-3P	99.75	66.38	2205
HSA-MIR-6892-3P	99.68	66.40	1178
HSA-MIR-5003-5P	99.61	69.13	1624
HSA-MIR-136-5P	99.50	67.26	1153
HSA-MIR-4717-3P	99.06	66.34	1072
HSA-MIR-330-5P	98.73	67.63	1788
HSA-MIR-7155-5P	98.65	66.14	1290
HSA-MIR-6873-5P	98.45	66.14	1417
HSA-MIR-4664-5P	98.17	65.07	1020
HSA-MIR-615-5P	98.10	63.76	591
HSA-MIR-6757-5P	98.08	65.50	724
HSA-MIR-3977	98.00	68.17	1500
HSA-MIR-2467-5P	97.36	67.71	991
HSA-MIR-342-5P	97.25	64.10	817
HSA-MIR-125A-3P	97.04	66.92	902
HSA-MIR-873-3P	96.84	66.09	786
HSA-MIR-7160-3P	96.40	64.15	462
HSA-MIR-7704	95.30	62.35	115

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 2)

• Golgi structure and secretion is regulated by receptor-induced G protein betagamma complex translocation (PMID:20534534)
• Findings suggest a wide-ranging mechanism by which direct interaction of Gbetagamma with specific chromatin bound transcription factors regulates functional gene networks in response to GPCR activation in cells including the angiotensin II type 1 receptor. (PMID:23326349)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	gng3	ENSDARG00000009553
mus_musculus	Gng3	ENSMUSG00000071658
rattus_norvegicus	Gng3	ENSRNOG00000019570

Paralogs (11): GNG11 (ENSG00000127920), GNGT1 (ENSG00000127928), GNG5B (ENSG00000133136), GNGT2 (ENSG00000167083), GNG8 (ENSG00000167414), GNG4 (ENSG00000168243), GNG12 (ENSG00000172380), GNG5 (ENSG00000174021), GNG7 (ENSG00000176533), GNG2 (ENSG00000186469), GNG10 (ENSG00000242616)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 — P63215 (reviewed: P63215)

All UniProt accessions (1): P63215

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.

Subunit / interactions. G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma. Forms a complex with GNAO1 and GNB1. Interacts with SCN8A.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane.

Similarity. Belongs to the G protein gamma family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_036334* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001770	G-protein_gamma	Family
IPR015898	G-protein_gamma-like_dom	Domain
IPR036284	GGL_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00631

UniProt features (8 total): modified residue 5, chain 1, propeptide 1, lipid moiety-binding region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P63215-F1	85.44	0.56

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (6): 5, 9, 10, 12, 72, 72

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

29 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-1296041	Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels
R-HSA-163359	Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation
R-HSA-202040	G-protein activation
R-HSA-381676	Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion
R-HSA-392170	ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12
R-HSA-392451	G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma
R-HSA-392851	Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor
R-HSA-400042	Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion
R-HSA-4086398	Ca2+ pathway
R-HSA-416476	G alpha (q) signalling events
R-HSA-416482	G alpha (12/13) signalling events
R-HSA-418217	G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta
R-HSA-418555	G alpha (s) signalling events
R-HSA-418592	ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1
R-HSA-418594	G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-418597	G alpha (z) signalling events
R-HSA-420092	Glucagon-type ligand receptors
R-HSA-428930	Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor
R-HSA-432040	Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins
R-HSA-456926	Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs)
R-HSA-500657	Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors
R-HSA-6814122	Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding
R-HSA-8964315	G beta:gamma signalling through BTK
R-HSA-8964616	G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42
R-HSA-9009391	Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling
R-HSA-9634597	GPER1 signaling
R-HSA-9660821	ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production
R-HSA-9856530	High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells
R-HSA-997272	Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits

MSigDB gene sets: 187 (showing top): REACTOME_GLUCAGON_TYPE_LIGAND_RECEPTORS, XU_GH1_AUTOCRINE_TARGETS_UP, REACTOME_ADRENALINE_NORADRENALINE_INHIBITS_INSULIN_SECRETION, REACTOME_POTASSIUM_CHANNELS, REACTOME_INWARDLY_RECTIFYING_K_CHANNELS, REACTOME_PLATELET_ACTIVATION_SIGNALING_AND_AGGREGATION, REACTOME_G_ALPHA_Z_SIGNALLING_EVENTS, AP4_Q6, REACTOME_GLUCAGON_SIGNALING_IN_METABOLIC_REGULATION, AATGGAG_MIR136, CAGCTG_AP4_Q5, REACTOME_G_PROTEIN_ACTIVATION, TGACATY_UNKNOWN, REACTOME_G_BETA_GAMMA_SIGNALLING_THROUGH_PI3KGAMMA, REACTOME_G_PROTEIN_BETA_GAMMA_SIGNALLING

GO Biological Process (3): G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186), positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration (GO:0007204), signal transduction (GO:0007165)

GO Molecular Function (3): GTPase activity (GO:0003924), G-protein beta-subunit binding (GO:0031681), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (7): heterotrimeric G-protein complex (GO:0005834), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), postsynaptic density (GO:0014069), dendrite (GO:0030425), cell body (GO:0044297), membrane (GO:0016020), synapse (GO:0045202)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-12 pathways:

Category	Pathways
GPCR downstream signalling	5
Signal amplification	3
Regulation of insulin secretion	2
G-protein beta:gamma signalling	2
G protein gated Potassium channels	1
Integration of energy metabolism	1
Opioid Signalling	1
Platelet homeostasis	1
Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling	1
Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors)	1
Aquaporin-mediated transport	1
Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	2
G protein-coupled receptor activity	1
signal transduction	1
regulation of biological quality	1
cell communication	1
cellular process	1
signaling	1
regulation of cellular process	1
cellular response to stimulus	1
ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity	1
protein binding	1
binding	1
extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane	1
plasma membrane protein complex	1
GTPase complex	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
asymmetric synapse	1
postsynaptic specialization	1
neuron projection	1
dendritic tree	1
cell junction	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

0 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

IntAct

34 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
GNG3	GNB1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
GNG3	GNAI1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
SS18L2	GNG3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GNG3	NTAQ1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GNG3	TRIM74	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GNG3	SS18L2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
GNG3	GNB5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.500
GNG3	GNB5	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.500
SNAP23	GNG3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
GNG3	GNB2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GNG3	GNB3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GNG3	Ntsr1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GNG3	GNAI2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MAPT	SHTN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GNG3	GNAS	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GNG3	GNAI3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
NTAQ1	GNG3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (42): GNAT2 (Affinity Capture-MS), GNAQ (Affinity Capture-MS), GNAO1 (Affinity Capture-MS), GNA13 (Affinity Capture-MS), GNB4 (Affinity Capture-MS), GNAZ (Affinity Capture-MS), GNA11 (Affinity Capture-MS), FLNC (Affinity Capture-MS), GNB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), GNAI2 (Affinity Capture-MS), GNAI1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PDCL (Affinity Capture-MS), GNG3 (Two-hybrid), GNG3 (Two-hybrid), TRIM73 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A804HLA8, O14610, O60262, O97564, P02698, P30671, P38040, P43425, P50150, P50151, P50153, P50154, P54406, P59768, P61952, P61953, P61954, P63077, P63078, P63210, P63211, P63212, P63213, P63214, P63215, P63216, P63217, P63218, P63219, Q28024, Q4VT26, Q5E9F0, Q5R639, Q5R7U4, Q5RBQ0, Q5REH7, Q61012, Q61016, Q61017, Q6CPB4

Diamond homologs: A0A1W2PPG7, O60262, P30671, P43425, P50150, P50153, P59768, P63212, P63213, P63214, P63215, P63216, Q28024, Q5R639, Q5R7U4, Q5RBQ0, Q61016, Q9DAS9, Q9UBI6, A0A804HLA8, P38040, P50151, P63077, P63078, P63217, P63218, P63219, Q4VT26, Q5REH7, Q80SZ7, Q9CXP8, Q9UK08, O14610, O97564, P02698, P50154, P54406, P61952, P61953, P61954

SIGNOR signaling

7 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
GNG3	up-regulates	PIK3CA	binding
SMO	up-regulates	GNG3	binding
GNG3	up-regulates	PLCG1	binding
GNG3	up-regulates	PI3K	binding

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 15 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12	7	316.0×	3e-16
Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor	5	273.2×	3e-11
Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion	6	214.8×	9e-13
ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production	8	184.6×	2e-16
GPER1 signaling	8	180.6×	2e-16
G alpha (z) signalling events	8	169.5×	3e-16
Glucagon-type ligand receptors	5	157.3×	5e-10
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion	5	120.7×	2e-09

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	7	19.5×	3e-06

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

4 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	0
Likely benign	3
Benign	1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

484 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
11:62708290:TCCA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
11:62708293:A:AC	acceptor_loss	1.0000
11:62708293:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:62708293:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:62708293:AGGAT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:62708294:G:GT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:62708294:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:62708294:GGA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:62708294:GGAT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:62708294:GGATG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
11:62708393:AGGTA:A	donor_loss	1.0000
11:62708395:G:GA	donor_loss	1.0000
11:62708396:T:G	donor_loss	1.0000
11:62708674:CCAG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
11:62708675:CAG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
11:62708676:A:AT	acceptor_loss	1.0000
11:62707110:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9900
11:62707323:CC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
11:62707324:CC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
11:62707325:C:CA	acceptor_loss	0.9900
11:62708395:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9900
11:62708664:T:TA	acceptor_gain	0.9900
11:62708668:T:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
11:62708670:T:TA	acceptor_gain	0.9900
11:62708676:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
11:62708677:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
11:62708677:GGT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
11:62707325:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.9800
11:62708393:AG:A	donor_gain	0.9800
11:62708393:AGGT:A	donor_gain	0.9800

AlphaMissense

496 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
11:62708700:T:C	L41P	0.999
11:62708771:T:C	F65L	0.999
11:62708773:C:A	F65L	0.999
11:62708773:C:G	F65L	0.999
11:62708363:T:C	L23P	0.998
11:62708767:C:A	N63K	0.998
11:62708767:C:G	N63K	0.998
11:62708772:T:C	F65S	0.998
11:62708733:A:C	D52A	0.997
11:62708771:T:A	F65I	0.997
11:62708690:G:C	A38P	0.996
11:62708732:G:C	D52H	0.996
11:62708733:A:G	D52G	0.996
11:62708733:A:T	D52V	0.996
11:62708734:T:A	D52E	0.996
11:62708734:T:G	D52E	0.996
11:62708739:T:C	L54P	0.996
11:62708765:A:G	N63D	0.996
11:62708768:C:T	P64S	0.996
11:62708771:T:G	F65V	0.996
11:62708772:T:G	F65C	0.996
11:62708363:T:A	L23H	0.995
11:62708700:T:A	L41Q	0.994
11:62708712:G:A	C45Y	0.994
11:62708713:T:G	C45W	0.994
11:62708374:G:C	A27P	0.993
11:62708687:G:C	A37P	0.993
11:62708700:T:G	L41R	0.993
11:62708739:T:A	L54H	0.993
11:62708691:C:A	A38E	0.992

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000220072 (11:62708143 G>A,C,T), RS1001126910 (11:62706647 G>A,C), RS1001313790 (11:62706416 T>C), RS1001519786 (11:62705100 G>A), RS1002061006 (11:62707688 T>A), RS1002299839 (11:62707070 C>A), RS1002675363 (11:62707436 C>T), RS1003017678 (11:62706540 C>G,T), RS1003456487 (11:62706400 G>A,T), RS1004059732 (11:62704539 C>A), RS1004291196 (11:62709129 TCTTG>T), RS1005060866 (11:62706136 C>A), RS1005305189 (11:62707625 A>G), RS1005336475 (11:62707281 C>T), RS1006050346 (11:62707504 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:608941 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): monogenic diabetes (MONDO:0015967)

Orphanet (1): Rare genetic diabetes mellitus (Orphanet:183625)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

4 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST005956_12	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	2.000000e-06
GCST005956_2	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	1.000000e-08
GCST005962_37	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI x sex x age interaction (4df test)	5.000000e-07
GCST005962_51	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI x sex x age interaction (4df test)	1.000000e-07

EFO canonical traits (3, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007788	BMI-adjusted waist-hip ratio
EFO:0008007	age at assessment
EFO:0008343	sex interaction measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

9 total (human), top 9 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects expression, increases expression	3
decabromobiphenyl ether	affects expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
jinfukang	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Barium	affects binding, decreases reaction, increases transport	1
Carbamazepine	affects expression	1
Cisplatin	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Dimethyl Sulfoxide	affects expression	1
Silicon Dioxide	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

9 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT06976658	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Glucokinase Activator in Monogenic Diabetes
NCT01795144	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Incretin Regulation of Insulin Secretion in Monogenic Diabetes
NCT04409795	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Oral Hypoglycemic Therapy for Monogenic Variant Carriers of the Joslin Medalist Study
NCT03988764	Not specified	RECRUITING	Monogenic Diabetes Misdiagnosed as Type 1
NCT05586594	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Identifying Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young in Emirati Patients
NCT06478121	Not specified	RECRUITING	Understanding Beta Cell Disorders Through the Study of Rare Genotypes (ENDURE)
NCT06746610	Not specified	RECRUITING	Screening and Molecular Diagnosis-based Individualized Precision Management of Monogenic Diabetes
NCT07492004	Not specified	RECRUITING	China Monogenic Diabetes Registry
NCT07564518	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Application of FreeStyle Libre 2 for Evaluating Glycemic Variability Characteristics in Patients With Extreme Glucose Metabolism Phenotypes