GTSE1

Summary

GTSE1 (G2 and S-phase expressed 1, HGNC:13698) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 22q13.31, encoding G2 and S phase-expressed protein 1 (Q9NYZ3). May be involved in p53-induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase by interfering with microtubule rearrangements that are required to enter mitosis. It is a selective cancer dependency (DepMap: 16.1% of cell lines).

The protein encoded by this gene is only expressed in the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle, where it colocalizes with cytoplasmic tubulin and microtubules. In response to DNA damage, the encoded protein accumulates in the nucleus and binds the tumor suppressor protein p53, shuttling it out of the nucleus and repressing its ability to induce apoptosis.

Source: NCBI Gene 51512 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 164 total — 1 pathogenic
• Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 16.1% of screened cell lines
• MANE Select transcript: NM_016426

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:13698
Approved symbol	GTSE1
Name	G2 and S-phase expressed 1
Location	22q13.31
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	GTSE-1, B99, Lnc_bc060912
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000075218
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	607477
Entrez	51512

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 8 — 5 protein_coding, 3 retained_intron

ENST00000454366, ENST00000466510, ENST00000479645, ENST00000491863, ENST00000905433, ENST00000926490, ENST00000926491, ENST00000926492

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_016426 NM_016426

CCDS: CCDS14074

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000454366 — 12 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000657293	46308319	46308943
ENSE00000657295	46312141	46312305
ENSE00000657296	46313890	46314013
ENSE00000657297	46316032	46316412
ENSE00000657299	46328688	46328889
ENSE00000657300	46329358	46329567
ENSE00000880795	46308150	46308207
ENSE00001627638	46296870	46296931
ENSE00001736507	46330047	46330810
ENSE00002692897	46297380	46297479
ENSE00003545305	46326436	46326654
ENSE00003599035	46323190	46323262

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 277 present calls, max score 97.54.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 6.1307 / max 75.9628, expressed in 1210 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
192807	5.2261	1147
192808	0.4563	310
192806	0.4328	213
192809	0.0155	3

Top tissues by expression

286 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
trabecular bone tissue	UBERON:0002483	97.54	gold quality
buccal mucosa cell	CL:0002336	96.67	gold quality
pancreatic ductal cell	CL:0002079	96.41	gold quality
periodontal ligament	UBERON:0008266	96.38	gold quality
cervix squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006922	96.07	gold quality
sperm	CL:0000019	94.82	gold quality
cardia of stomach	UBERON:0001162	94.72	gold quality
male germ cell	CL:0000015	94.54	silver quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	94.29	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	94.13	gold quality
pylorus	UBERON:0001166	94.01	gold quality
nipple	UBERON:0002030	93.91	gold quality
vena cava	UBERON:0004087	93.75	gold quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	93.41	gold quality
renal medulla	UBERON:0000362	93.26	gold quality
ventral tegmental area	UBERON:0002691	93.12	silver quality
oocyte	CL:0000023	93.00	gold quality
superior surface of tongue	UBERON:0007371	92.73	gold quality
subthalamic nucleus	UBERON:0001906	92.57	silver quality
inferior vagus X ganglion	UBERON:0005363	92.21	silver quality
trachea	UBERON:0003126	92.18	silver quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis	UBERON:0004511	92.15	silver quality
pericardium	UBERON:0002407	91.88	silver quality
dorsal plus ventral thalamus	UBERON:0001897	91.72	silver quality
pons	UBERON:0000988	91.71	silver quality
trigeminal ganglion	UBERON:0001675	91.68	gold quality
pharyngeal mucosa	UBERON:0000355	91.67	gold quality
embryo	UBERON:0000922	91.46	gold quality
tongue	UBERON:0001723	91.42	silver quality
superior vestibular nucleus	UBERON:0007227	91.42	silver quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 5 experiment(s), a significant marker in 5.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-10485	yes	525.98
E-MTAB-8271	yes	270.87
E-HCAD-10	yes	24.78
E-CURD-88	yes	5.17
E-ANND-3	yes	3.42

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

29 targeting GTSE1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4262	100.00	73.26	3931
HSA-LET-7A-3P	100.00	74.03	3932
HSA-LET-7B-3P	100.00	74.08	3913
HSA-LET-7F-1-3P	100.00	74.02	3928
HSA-MIR-98-3P	100.00	74.08	3907
HSA-MIR-181A-5P	99.99	72.96	2995
HSA-MIR-181B-5P	99.99	72.97	2996
HSA-MIR-181C-5P	99.99	72.95	2996
HSA-MIR-181D-5P	99.99	73.04	2997
HSA-MIR-607	99.97	73.62	5593
HSA-MIR-6778-3P	99.96	67.29	2693
HSA-MIR-3671	99.90	73.04	3897
HSA-MIR-7845-5P	99.88	64.88	771
HSA-MIR-12119	99.87	68.35	1653
HSA-MIR-5582-3P	99.86	72.48	4221
HSA-MIR-6512-3P	99.65	66.07	1468
HSA-MIR-6720-5P	99.65	66.22	1459
HSA-MIR-543	99.52	69.03	2595
HSA-MIR-4437	99.52	65.29	1266
HSA-MIR-766-3P	99.47	65.24	1811
HSA-MIR-939-3P	98.97	65.07	2347
HSA-MIR-135A-2-3P	98.40	66.74	442
HSA-MIR-135B-3P	98.40	67.35	426
HSA-MIR-3977	98.00	68.17	1500
HSA-MIR-4446-3P	97.91	64.29	991
HSA-MIR-1255B-2-3P	97.80	67.04	880
HSA-MIR-6849-3P	97.25	64.57	1371
HSA-MIR-4690-3P	97.02	64.72	981
HSA-MIR-5685	97.02	64.34	1004

Functional genomics

DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 16.1% of screened cell lines.

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 24)

• GTSE-1 controls DNA damage-induced apoptosis by affecting p53 function (PMID:12750368)
• requires an intact nuclear export signal and functional Mdm2 for the regulation of p53 (PMID:14707141)
• hGTSE-1 mediated-p21(CIP1/WAF1) stabilization is clearly involved in the ability of cells to counteract cytotoxicity induced by the microtubule poison paclitaxel. (PMID:20018861)
• Data show that G2 and S-phase-expressed 1 (GTSE1) protein, a negative regulator of p53, is required for G2 checkpoint recovery and that Plk1 phosphorylation of GTSE1 promotes its nuclear localization. (PMID:20577264)
• GTSE1 is overexpressed dramatically in lung cancer patients’ tissues. (PMID:22292647)
• GTSE1 is a microtubule plus-end tracking protein that regulates EB1-dependent cell migration. (PMID:23236459)
• Study identifies GTSE1 as a biomarker for cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells and suggests its repressive role in cisplatin induced apoptosis making it a potential therapeutic target for better clinical management of gastric cancer patients. (PMID:26209226)
• Results indicated for the first time that overexpression of GTSE1 was involved in the progress of HCC, enhancing proliferation and promoting cell invasion in HCC cells. (PMID:27240802)
• GTSE1 inhibition of MCAK activity regulates the balance of MT stability that determines the fidelity of chromosome alignment, segregation, and chromosomal stability. (PMID:27881713)
• High expression of GTSE1 is commonly noted in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is closely correlated with migration and invasion by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition modulation. Activated GTSE1 significantly interferes with chemotherapy efficacy and influences the probability of survival of patients with HCC. (PMID:28698581)
• GTSE1 is expressed exclusively in late G2 and M phase. From nuclear envelope breakdown until anaphase onset, GTSE1 binds preferentially to the most stable mitotic spindle microtubules and promotes their turnover. (PMID:28821562)
• G2 and S-phase expressed 1 (GTSE1) expression promotes AM progression and correlates with clinical outcomes of patients with acral melanoma (AM), and may represent a promising therapeutic target to suppress AM progression. (PMID:29660787)
• Knockdown of GTSE1 obviously suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity whereas increasing GTSE1 led to the opposite trend, which suggested that GTSE1 could serve as a potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer. GTSE1 overexpression in bladder cancer might participate in the regulation of FoxM1/CCNB1 expression via the induction of the transfer of p53 to cytoplasm (PMID:30414902)
• Authors found that GTSE1 could regulate the p53 function to alter the cell cycle distribution dependent on the mutation state of p53. Results reveal that GTSE1 played a key role in the progression of breast cancer. (PMID:30961661)
• GTSE1, together with CDC20, PCNA, and MCM6, may synergistically promote adverse prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by activating cell cycle. (PMID:32082966)
• GTSE1 promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation via the SP1/FOXM1 signaling pathway. (PMID:33328578)
• Destabilization of Long Astral Microtubules via Cdk1-Dependent Removal of GTSE1 from Their Plus Ends Facilitates Prometaphase Spindle Orientation. (PMID:33333009)
• GTSE1 promotes SNAIL1 degradation by facilitating its nuclear export in hepatocellular carcin oma cells. (PMID:33880590)
• G2 and S phase-expressed-1 acts as a putative tumor promoter in cervical cancer by enhancing Wnt/beta-catenin signaling via modulation of GSK-3beta. (PMID:33974332)
• GTSE1 Facilitates the Malignant Phenotype of Lung Cancer Cells via Activating AKT/mTOR Signaling. (PMID:34007784)
• MiR-509-3-5p inhibits colon cancer malignancy by suppressing GTSE1. (PMID:34284144)
• Downregulation of GTSE1 leads to the inhibition of proliferation, migration, and Warburg effect in cervical cancer by blocking LHDA expression. (PMID:34482592)
• GTSE1 is possibly involved in the DNA damage repair and cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma. (PMID:34876170)
• GTSE1: A potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in various tumors including lung adenocarcinoma. (PMID:38715380)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	gtse1	ENSDARG00000013719
mus_musculus	Gtse1	ENSMUSG00000022385
rattus_norvegicus	Gtse1	ENSRNOG00000016148

Paralogs (1): PSRC1 (ENSG00000134222)

Protein

Protein identifiers

G2 and S phase-expressed protein 1 — Q9NYZ3 (reviewed: Q9NYZ3)

Alternative names: Protein B99 homolog

All UniProt accessions (1): Q9NYZ3

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. May be involved in p53-induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase by interfering with microtubule rearrangements that are required to enter mitosis. Overexpression delays G2/M phase progression.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton.

Post-translational modifications. Phosphorylated in mitosis.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_057510* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR026657	DDA3/GTSE-1	Family
IPR032768	GTSE1_N	Domain

Pfam: PF15259

UniProt features (59 total): modified residue 28, compositionally biased region 12, sequence variant 9, sequence conflict 5, region of interest 4, chain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

2 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
6QNN	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.03
6QNP	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.7

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9NYZ3-F1	51.66	0.02

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (28): 91, 157, 159, 171, 187, 208, 247, 262, 331, 480, 485, 496, 499, 514, 520, 523, 528, 532, 535, 555 …

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

2 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-69481	G2/M Checkpoints
R-HSA-8852276	The role of GTSE1 in G2/M progression after G2 checkpoint

MSigDB gene sets: 230 (showing top): MODULE_52, MULLIGHAN_NPM1_SIGNATURE_3_UP, HORIUCHI_WTAP_TARGETS_DN, RODRIGUES_THYROID_CARCINOMA_POORLY_DIFFERENTIATED_UP, MORF_MSH3, MORF_BRCA1, MORF_ATRX, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_UP, GRAESSMANN_RESPONSE_TO_MC_AND_DOXORUBICIN_UP, MODULE_16, XU_HGF_SIGNALING_NOT_VIA_AKT1_48HR_DN, SHEPARD_BMYB_MORPHOLINO_DN, GOLDRATH_ANTIGEN_RESPONSE, PUJANA_CHEK2_PCC_NETWORK, MODULE_118

GO Biological Process (2): microtubule-based process (GO:0007017), DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator (GO:0030330)

GO Molecular Function (2): microtubule binding (GO:0008017), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (8): nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), cytosol (GO:0005829), cytoplasmic microtubule (GO:0005881), microtubule cytoskeleton (GO:0015630), membrane (GO:0016020), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), microtubule (GO:0005874)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Cell Cycle Checkpoints	1
G2/M Transition	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	4
cytoplasm	2
cellular process	1
signal transduction in response to DNA damage	1
signal transduction by p53 class mediator	1
tubulin binding	1
binding	1
nuclear lumen	1
microtubule	1
cytoskeleton	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
microtubule cytoskeleton	1
polymeric cytoskeletal fiber	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1936 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
GTSE1	TP53	P04637	779
GTSE1	MELK	Q14680	534
GTSE1	BIRC5	O15392	514
GTSE1	HJURP	Q8NCD3	505
GTSE1	DLGAP5	Q15398	502
GTSE1	CDCA2	Q69YH5	496
GTSE1	UBE2C	O00762	460
GTSE1	CCNB2	O95067	447
GTSE1	KIF2C	Q99661	434
GTSE1	CDC25C	P30307	414
GTSE1	FKBP5	Q13451	410
GTSE1	H1-8	Q8IZA3	406
GTSE1	TOPORS	Q9NS56	403
GTSE1	TOP2A	P11388	403
GTSE1	TACC3	Q9Y6A5	401

IntAct

118 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
GGA1	IGF2R	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.830
KBTBD7	METTL15	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
STAMBP	PIK3C2A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
PPP2R3A	WTIP	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
STAMBPL1	PIK3C2A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
YWHAG	BLTP3B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
YWHAE	PIK3C2A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.570
YWHAH	BLTP3B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.570
PLK1	GTSE1	psi-mi:“MI:0403”(colocalization)	0.570
PLK1	GTSE1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.570
GTSE1	PLK1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.570
PLK1	GTSE1	psi-mi:“MI:0217”(phosphorylation reaction)	0.570
CLTC		psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.540
GGA1	GTSE1	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.540
KPTN	EIF4G3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
GTSE1	GAST	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
PICALM	PIK3C2A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
BCAR3	GAST	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
PNMA2	CCDC85C	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
KIAA0753	OFD1	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.480
DDX21	MED19	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.480
ECE1	GTSE1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370

BioGRID (260): GTSE1 (Affinity Capture-MS), GTSE1 (Affinity Capture-MS), GTSE1 (Proximity Label-MS), GTSE1 (Proximity Label-MS), GTSE1 (Proximity Label-MS), GTSE1 (Proximity Label-MS), GTSE1 (Proximity Label-MS), GTSE1 (Proximity Label-MS), GTSE1 (Proximity Label-MS), GTSE1 (Proximity Label-MS), GTSE1 (Proximity Label-MS), GTSE1 (Affinity Capture-MS), AP2A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), AP2A2 (Affinity Capture-MS), AP1B1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A8I5ZM56, A2AG50, A2AI08, A2AJI0, A5D7K1, D4A4L4, E1C2Q8, F1LR10, O00515, O14529, O75128, O88573, O88735, P51825, P57016, Q14244, Q32LQ1, Q3KQU3, Q3U2K0, Q5JTD0, Q5NBX1, Q5PR69, Q5R7F9, Q5XHX2, Q5ZIA2, Q5ZJJ1, Q68DK7, Q6IPM2, Q6NV74, Q6NZF1, Q6PDH0, Q6PDM1, Q6PG95, Q6ZU35, Q86UU1, Q8CCJ4, Q8K124, Q8N7J2, Q8TD55, Q96PV7

Diamond homologs: Q8R080, Q9NYZ3

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
PLK1	up-regulates	GTSE1	phosphorylation

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 146 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
RHO GTPases activate PKNs	6	19.8×	3e-05
Golgi Associated Vesicle Biogenesis	8	16.7×	2e-06
Signaling by ALK fusions and activated point mutants	10	15.7×	4e-07
Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes	9	14.9×	2e-06
Loss of proteins required for interphase microtubule organization from the centrosome	9	14.9×	2e-06
AURKA Activation by TPX2	9	14.3×	2e-06
Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes	9	12.8×	3e-06
Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition	9	11.9×	4e-06

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
clathrin coat assembly	6	42.2×	4e-06
clathrin-dependent endocytosis	5	23.1×	1e-03
mitotic spindle organization	6	12.9×	2e-03
actin filament organization	8	7.5×	2e-03
intracellular protein localization	9	7.5×	1e-03
endocytosis	8	6.0×	7e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

164 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	120
Likely benign	24
Benign	9

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
2684939	GRCh37/hg19 22q13.31-13.33(chr22:45657164-51197838)x3	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

1758 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
22:46296930:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
22:46296931:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
22:46296932:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
22:46296932:GTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
22:46297476:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
22:46297516:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
22:46308313:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46308314:A:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46308317:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46308317:AGT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46308318:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46308318:GT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46308318:GTG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46308318:GTGC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46308318:GTGCA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46312139:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46312139:AGC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
22:46312140:G:GA	acceptor_loss	1.0000
22:46312140:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46312302:CAAGG:C	donor_loss	1.0000
22:46312304:AGGTG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
22:46312305:GGT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
22:46312306:G:C	donor_loss	1.0000
22:46312307:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
22:46313876:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46313877:C:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46313878:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46313878:ATTTT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46313879:T:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
22:46313882:T:TA	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4766 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000139163 (22:46315868 C>G,T), RS1000143121 (22:46310166 C>T), RS1000209156 (22:46311470 A>G), RS1000228756 (22:46324623 T>A), RS1000277612 (22:46294877 C>T), RS1000328704 (22:46298756 G>A), RS1000384712 (22:46329946 G>A,T), RS1000396332 (22:46325938 C>T), RS1000431603 (22:46309931 C>G,T), RS1000463821 (22:46324464 T>A), RS1000472131 (22:46320976 C>G,T), RS1000498002 (22:46299106 T>C), RS1000544279 (22:46314764 T>C,G), RS1000554260 (22:46315164 T>A), RS1000635283 (22:46299351 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:607477 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

91 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
sodium arsenite	affects expression, decreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	5
Cyclosporine	decreases expression	4
methylmercuric chloride	increases expression, affects cotreatment	3
Arsenic	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression, increases methylation	3
bisphenol A	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	2
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	2
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases expression	2
Acetaminophen	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Air Pollutants	affects expression, increases abundance, decreases expression	2
Copper	affects binding, decreases expression	2
Coumestrol	affects cotreatment, increases expression, affects reaction	2
Dexamethasone	increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	2
Doxorubicin	decreases expression, affects response to substance	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	2
Tretinoin	decreases expression	2
7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide	decreases expression	2
Aflatoxin B1	decreases expression, increases methylation	2
FR900359	affects phosphorylation	1
TAK-243	increases sumoylation	1
dicrotophos	increases expression	1
propionaldehyde	decreases expression	1
trichostatin A	decreases expression	1
beta-lapachone	decreases expression	1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate	decreases expression	1
perfluorooctanoic acid	decreases expression	1
zinc chromate	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
manganese chloride	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
rutecarpine	decreases expression	1
2,3-bis(3’-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
aflatoxin B2	increases methylation	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.