H1-6

Summary

H1-6 (H1.6 linker histone, cluster member, HGNC:4720) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 6p22.2, encoding Histone H1t (P22492). Testis-specific histone H1 that forms less compacted chromatin compared to other H1 histone subtypes.

Histones are basic nuclear proteins responsible for nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a replication-dependent histone that is a member of the histone H1 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6.

Source: NCBI Gene 3010 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 38
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 96 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_005323

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:4720
Approved symbol	H1-6
Name	H1.6 linker histone, cluster member
Location	6p22.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	H1t
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000187475
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	142712
Entrez	3010

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 protein_coding

ENST00000338379

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_005323 NM_005323

CCDS: CCDS34349

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000338379 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001379722	26107412	26108135

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 50 present calls, max score 87.71.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 5.0806 / max 2730.4174, expressed in 403 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
72306	5.0806	403

Top tissues by expression

200 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	87.71	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	77.80	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	61.00	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	58.76	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	58.26	silver quality
endometrium epithelium	UBERON:0004811	57.27	gold quality
upper leg skin	UBERON:0004262	56.90	silver quality
metanephric glomerulus	UBERON:0004736	55.97	gold quality
corpus callosum	UBERON:0002336	54.45	gold quality
frontal pole	UBERON:0002795	50.41	gold quality
middle frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002702	50.30	gold quality
paraflocculus	UBERON:0005351	50.18	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 10	UBERON:0013541	50.18	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	49.46	gold quality
cerebellar vermis	UBERON:0004720	49.25	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	46.21	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	45.65	gold quality
quadriceps femoris	UBERON:0001377	44.95	gold quality
vastus lateralis	UBERON:0001379	44.01	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	43.95	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis	UBERON:0004511	43.37	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	43.01	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	42.72	silver quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	42.57	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii	UBERON:0004502	42.57	gold quality
thymus	UBERON:0002370	42.23	gold quality
biceps brachii	UBERON:0001507	42.13	gold quality
oviduct epithelium	UBERON:0004804	41.74	gold quality
superficial temporal artery	UBERON:0001614	41.33	gold quality
esophagus squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006920	41.12	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	1.13

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): FOXC1, HOXD13, OVOL2, PAX1, PAX3, RFX1, RFX2, RFX4, SP1, SP3

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 1)

• These results suggested that the testis-specific linker histone, H1T, possesses a specific function to produce the chromatin architecture required for proper chromosome regulation, such as homologous recombination. (PMID:26757249)

Cross-species orthologs

23 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	si:dkey-261m9.12	ENSDARG00000032637
danio_rerio	histh1l1	ENSDARG00000035519
danio_rerio	si:ch211-113a14.24	ENSDARG00000051718
danio_rerio	si:ch211-113a14.18	ENSDARG00000051735
danio_rerio	zgc:110425	ENSDARG00000058479
danio_rerio	si:dkey-108k21.10	ENSDARG00000075508
danio_rerio	zgc:163061	ENSDARG00000075538
danio_rerio		ENSDARG00000076766
danio_rerio	zgc:110216	ENSDARG00000077456
danio_rerio	si:ch211-103n10.5	ENSDARG00000077504
danio_rerio	si:dkey-108k21.21	ENSDARG00000091905
danio_rerio	zgc:153405	ENSDARG00000096992
danio_rerio	si:dkey-23a13.17	ENSDARG00000105328
danio_rerio	histh1l2	ENSDARG00000105350
danio_rerio	si:ch73-368j24.11	ENSDARG00000105430
danio_rerio	si:dkey-108k21.14	ENSDARG00000110841
danio_rerio	histh1l3	ENSDARG00000115766
mus_musculus	H1f6	ENSMUSG00000036211
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001853
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001854
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001855
caenorhabditis_elegans	hil-5	WBGENE00001856
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001857

Paralogs (9): H1-3 (ENSG00000124575), H1-1 (ENSG00000124610), H1-4 (ENSG00000168298), H1-8 (ENSG00000178804), H1-5 (ENSG00000184357), H1-10 (ENSG00000184897), H1-7 (ENSG00000187166), H1-2 (ENSG00000187837), H1-0 (ENSG00000189060)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Histone H1t — P22492 (reviewed: P22492)

Alternative names: Testicular H1 histone

All UniProt accessions (1): P22492

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Testis-specific histone H1 that forms less compacted chromatin compared to other H1 histone subtypes. Formation of more relaxed chromatin may be required to promote chromatin architecture required for proper chromosome regulation during meiosis, such as homologous recombination. Histones H1 act as linkers that bind to nucleosomes and compact polynucleosomes into a higher-order chromatin configuration.

Subcellular location. Nucleus. Chromosome.

Tissue specificity. Testis-specific.

Post-translational modifications. Phosphorylated in early spermatids. Citrullination at Arg-58 (H1R54ci) by PADI4 takes place within the DNA-binding site of H1 and results in its displacement from chromatin and global chromatin decondensation, thereby promoting pluripotency and stem cell maintenance. Deamidation of Asn-80 and Asn-81 by CTPS1 in response to DNA damage promotes subsequent acetylation of histone H1 at Lys-79 (H1K75ac). Acetylated at Lys-79 (H1K75ac) by EP300 following deamidation of Asn-80 and Asn-81 by CTPS1 in response to DNA damage, thereby increasing chromatin accessibility to facilitate the recruitment of DNA repair proteins.

Similarity. Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_005314* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR005818	Histone_H1/H5_H15	Domain
IPR005819	H1/H5	Family
IPR036388	WH-like_DNA-bd_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR036390	WH_DNA-bd_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00538

UniProt features (31 total): modified residue 18, compositionally biased region 4, sequence variant 3, region of interest 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, domain 1, site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P22492-F1	63.53	0.30

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 56 (important for nucleosome binding properties)

Post-translational modifications (18): 9, 38, 58, 67, 68, 79, 80, 81, 89, 94, 94, 110, 143, 159, 162, 166, 181, 190

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 83 (showing top): GOBP_CHROMOSOME_ORGANIZATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_DNA_RECOMBINATION, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_DNA_RECOMBINATION, GOBP_MALE_GAMETE_GENERATION, GOBP_CHROMOSOME_CONDENSATION, HOSHIDA_LIVER_CANCER_LATE_RECURRENCE_DN, HELLER_HDAC_TARGETS_SILENCED_BY_METHYLATION_UP, GFI1_01, GOBP_DEVELOPMENTAL_PROCESS_INVOLVED_IN_REPRODUCTION, MODULE_203, GOBP_PROTEIN_DNA_COMPLEX_ORGANIZATION, LEE_AGING_CEREBELLUM_DN, GOBP_CHROMATIN_REMODELING, MEF2_Q6_01, TTTNNANAGCYR_UNKNOWN

GO Biological Process (5): nucleosome assembly (GO:0006334), spermatogenesis (GO:0007283), cell differentiation (GO:0030154), chromosome condensation (GO:0030261), negative regulation of DNA recombination (GO:0045910)

GO Molecular Function (5): double-stranded DNA binding (GO:0003690), structural constituent of chromatin (GO:0030527), nucleosomal DNA binding (GO:0031492), DNA binding (GO:0003677), chromatin DNA binding (GO:0031490)

GO Cellular Component (4): nucleosome (GO:0000786), nucleus (GO:0005634), chromatin (GO:0000785), chromosome (GO:0005694)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
DNA binding	2
chromatin	2
chromatin organization	1
nucleosome organization	1
protein-DNA complex assembly	1
developmental process involved in reproduction	1
male gamete generation	1
cellular developmental process	1
chromosome organization	1
regulation of DNA recombination	1
DNA recombination	1
negative regulation of DNA metabolic process	1
structural molecule activity	1
chromatin DNA binding	1
nucleosome binding	1
nucleic acid binding	1
chromatin binding	1
protein-DNA complex	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
chromosome	1
cellular anatomical structure	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

998 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
H1-6	H1-8	Q8IZA3	976
H1-6	H1-7	Q75WM6	955
H1-6	H1-10	Q92522	903
H1-6	NASP	P49321	791
H1-6	SLBP	Q14493	738
H1-6	SYCP3	Q8IZU3	690
H1-6	DHX29	Q7Z478	653
H1-6	H3-4	Q16695	626
H1-6	SYCP1	Q15431	621
H1-6	RPS20	P17075	593
H1-6	RPS3	P23396	552
H1-6	RPS26	P02383	544
H1-6	TNP2	Q05952	541
H1-6	SPO11	Q9Y5K1	528
H1-6	H2BC1	Q96A08	527
H1-6	H1-4	P10412	527

IntAct

89 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
H2AX	PPM1G	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
UBASH3B	EGFR	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.690
H2AC4	PPM1G	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.670
H2BC1	PPM1G	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
LIN28A	IGF2BP3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
MECP2	KPNA3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
OPG200	IKBKB	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.620
YWHAZ	LMNA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.560
MECP2	GTPBP10	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
NPDC1	TCAF2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
H1-6	ZNF724	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ZNF71	NVL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
BHLHA15	RPLP0	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
N	RBM47	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
THAP3	CASC3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
H2BC26	PPM1G	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
H2AC20	PPM1G	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
RPL7A	NVL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
P/V/C	KPNA3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
TSC22D1	KRT1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.460
H1-6	H2BC15	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400

BioGRID (310): HIST1H1T (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H1T (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H1T (Proximity Label-MS), HIST1H1T (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H1T (Affinity Capture-MS), ZC3HAV1 (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H1T (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H1E (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H1T (Affinity Capture-MS), YBX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TUBA8 (Affinity Capture-MS), RPL30 (Affinity Capture-MS), ELAVL2 (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H1T (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF724P (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A4FV97, B8QB46, D3Z8Y2, D3ZZW6, P06348, P06349, P0CB48, P22492, P23497, P38432, P40286, P48778, Q07133, Q08DU9, Q0VEE6, Q18336, Q28EG9, Q3TEA8, Q3TYG6, Q3U1C4, Q3V1H1, Q4R8T4, Q5RFC2, Q5RKG3, Q5SSJ5, Q5ZJ20, Q5ZM33, Q61464, Q62187, Q66H19, Q6K0P9, Q6P747, Q75WM6, Q7L190, Q7Z7J5, Q80VM8, Q8BVK9, Q8BVY0, Q8CJI4, Q8VIK3

Diamond homologs: A7MAZ5, D3ZBN0, D3ZZW6, D4A3K5, G3N131, O01833, O16277, P02251, P02252, P02253, P02254, P02255, P02256, P02257, P02258, P02259, P06144, P06348, P06349, P06350, P06513, P06892, P06893, P06894, P07305, P07796, P08284, P08285, P08286, P08287, P08288, P09426, P09987, P10412, P10922, P15796, P15864, P15865, P15866, P15867

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 94 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Replacement of protamines by nucleosomes in the male pronucleus	10	43.2×	2e-12
FXIIa activates plasma kallikrein-kinin system	13	35.7×	1e-14
Packaging Of Telomere Ends	10	34.9×	5e-12
SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA expression	12	32.5×	3e-13
Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected purine	10	32.4×	8e-12
Cleavage of the damaged purine	10	32.4×	8e-12
Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected pyrimidine	11	32.2×	2e-12
Cleavage of the damaged pyrimidine	11	32.2×	2e-12

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
heterochromatin formation	8	24.9×	3e-07
nucleosome assembly	12	20.6×	3e-10
cytoplasmic translation	6	13.6×	7e-04

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

96 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	87
Likely benign	9
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

192 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
6:26108012:T:TA	donor_gain	0.7800
6:26107911:CATA:C	donor_loss	0.7600
6:26107912:ATACC:A	donor_loss	0.7600
6:26107913:TA:T	donor_loss	0.7600
6:26107914:A:AG	donor_loss	0.7600
6:26107915:C:CA	donor_loss	0.7600
6:26107981:TTGCG:T	donor_gain	0.7500
6:26107997:T:C	donor_gain	0.7500
6:26107909:GACAT:G	donor_loss	0.7400
6:26107910:ACATA:A	donor_loss	0.7400
6:26107916:C:T	donor_loss	0.7400
6:26107915:CCTA:C	donor_gain	0.7100
6:26107919:CT:C	donor_gain	0.6900
6:26107569:AC:A	donor_gain	0.6700
6:26107570:CC:C	donor_gain	0.6700
6:26107996:A:AC	donor_gain	0.6600
6:26107715:A:AC	donor_gain	0.6500
6:26107716:C:CC	donor_gain	0.6500
6:26107759:CTAAG:C	donor_gain	0.6400
6:26107763:G:C	donor_gain	0.6300
6:26107924:T:A	donor_gain	0.6300
6:26107918:A:AC	donor_gain	0.6200
6:26107919:C:CC	donor_gain	0.6200
6:26107565:GCTTA:G	donor_loss	0.6000
6:26107567:TTACC:T	donor_loss	0.6000
6:26107568:TACCC:T	donor_loss	0.6000
6:26107569:ACCCT:A	donor_loss	0.6000
6:26107570:C:CG	donor_loss	0.6000
6:26107501:A:C	donor_gain	0.5900
6:26107569:A:AC	donor_gain	0.5900

AlphaMissense

1322 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
6:26107767:A:C	F109L	0.994
6:26107767:A:T	F109L	0.994
6:26107769:A:G	F109L	0.994
6:26107768:A:G	F109S	0.988
6:26107893:C:A	K67N	0.985
6:26107893:C:G	K67N	0.985
6:26107843:A:C	I84S	0.984
6:26107843:A:G	I84T	0.983
6:26107831:A:T	L88H	0.979
6:26107885:A:G	L70S	0.978
6:26107768:A:C	F109C	0.976
6:26107846:C:G	R83P	0.975
6:26107897:A:T	L66H	0.974
6:26107951:A:C	I48S	0.974
6:26107804:A:T	L97Q	0.973
6:26107772:A:G	S108P	0.969
6:26107897:A:G	L66P	0.969
6:26107951:A:G	I48T	0.966
6:26107951:A:T	I48N	0.965
6:26107831:A:G	L88P	0.960
6:26107843:A:T	I84N	0.960
6:26107774:C:T	G107D	0.958
6:26107789:C:T	G102D	0.956
6:26107847:G:T	R83S	0.956
6:26107871:A:C	Y75D	0.952
6:26107783:C:T	G104D	0.950
6:26107889:C:G	A69P	0.950
6:26107790:C:G	G102R	0.949
6:26107894:T:G	K67T	0.948
6:26107804:A:G	L97P	0.946

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000644003 (6:26110004 T>G), RS1002618064 (6:26107122 C>CT), RS1004489154 (6:26107997 T>A,C,G), RS1004518794 (6:26108094 A>G), RS1004547727 (6:26107545 C>A,T), RS1005523727 (6:26109466 G>C), RS1007382201 (6:26107314 C>T), RS1008621441 (6:26107186 A>G), RS1009388328 (6:26107071 G>A), RS1009420846 (6:26107208 G>A), RS1009484180 (6:26107280 G>A,T), RS1009803759 (6:26107176 G>A,C), RS1010393876 (6:26107641 C>G,T), RS1011426698 (6:26108246 A>T), RS1012028253 (6:26109425 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:142712 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

38 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST004003_10	Hematocrit	1.000000e-08
GCST004004_34	Mean corpuscular volume	3.000000e-37
GCST004005_11	Hemoglobin levels	1.000000e-08
GCST004006_19	Mean corpuscular hemoglobin	3.000000e-31
GCST004007_10	Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration	1.000000e-08
GCST004521_113	Autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia	3.000000e-19
GCST004521_169	Autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia	4.000000e-14
GCST004521_69	Autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia	8.000000e-24
GCST004521_83	Autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia	1.000000e-13
GCST004602_48	Mean corpuscular volume	2.000000e-229
GCST004612_9	High light scatter reticulocyte percentage of red cells	1.000000e-09
GCST004621_95	Red cell distribution width	3.000000e-161
GCST004630_84	Mean corpuscular hemoglobin	0.000000e+00
GCST006011_62	Mean corpuscular volume	3.000000e-12
GCST006231_29	Mean arterial pressure	1.000000e-17
GCST007483_46	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (additive genetic model)	4.000000e-08
GCST007487_27	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (additive genetic model)	8.000000e-08
GCST007494_7	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (additive genetic model)	8.000000e-06
GCST010002_50	Refractive error	4.000000e-34
GCST010142_16	Fish- and plant-related diet	2.000000e-10
GCST010142_19	Fish- and plant-related diet	4.000000e-10
GCST010142_34	Fish- and plant-related diet	7.000000e-09
GCST010142_35	Fish- and plant-related diet	8.000000e-09
GCST010142_42	Fish- and plant-related diet	1.000000e-08
GCST010142_7	Fish- and plant-related diet	3.000000e-12
GCST012226_37	Waist circumference adjusted for body mass index	3.000000e-09
GCST012227_884	Hip circumference adjusted for BMI	5.000000e-19
GCST90002383_405	Hematocrit	3.000000e-178
GCST90002384_81	Hemoglobin	0.000000e+00
GCST90002385_363	High light scatter reticulocyte count	3.000000e-69

EFO canonical traits (13, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004348	hematocrit
EFO:0004509	hemoglobin measurement
EFO:0004527	mean corpuscular hemoglobin
EFO:0004528	mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
EFO:0007986	reticulocyte count
EFO:0009188	Red cell distribution width
EFO:0006340	mean arterial pressure
EFO:0007788	BMI-adjusted waist-hip ratio
EFO:0008111	diet measurement
EFO:0007789	BMI-adjusted waist circumference
EFO:0008039	BMI-adjusted hip circumference
EFO:0007984	platelet component distribution width
EFO:0004305	erythrocyte count

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

24 total (human), top 24 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Acetaminophen	increases expression	2
Arsenic	affects methylation, affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	2
pirinixic acid	affects binding, decreases expression, increases activity	1
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases abundance, affects cotreatment	1
manganese chloride	decreases expression, increases abundance, affects cotreatment	1
ochratoxin A	increases expression	1
versicolorin A	increases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
epigallocatechin gallate	increases expression	1
2-palmitoylglycerol	increases expression	1
abrine	increases expression	1
2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether	decreases expression	1
jinfukang	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Caffeine	increases expression	1
Cisplatin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Hydrogen Peroxide	decreases expression	1
Lipopolysaccharides	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Manganese	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Rotenone	decreases expression	1
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	increases expression	1
Cyclosporine	increases methylation	1
Aflatoxin B1	affects expression	1
Cadmium Chloride	increases expression	1
Copper Sulfate	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.