H2AC1

Summary

H2AC1 (H2A clustered histone 1, HGNC:18729) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 6p22.2, encoding Histone H2A type 1-A (Q96QV6). Core component of nucleosome.

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a replication-dependent histone that is a member of the histone H2A family. Transcripts from this gene contain a palindromic termination element.

Source: NCBI Gene 221613 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 7
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 28 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_170745

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:18729
Approved symbol	H2AC1
Name	H2A clustered histone 1
Location	6p22.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	bA317E16.2, H2AFR
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000164508
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	613499
Entrez	221613

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 1 protein_coding, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000297012, ENST00000703603

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_170745 NM_170745

CCDS: CCDS4562

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000297012 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00003989466	25726063	25726562

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 18 present calls, max score 92.96.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 11.3607 / max 9088.9113, expressed in 111 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
72277	11.3607	111

Top tissues by expression

122 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	92.96	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	81.30	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	72.58	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	70.24	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	69.65	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	40.76	silver quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	40.05	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	38.11	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	37.20	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	36.98	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	36.48	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	36.47	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	36.16	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	35.49	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	35.42	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	34.09	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	33.58	silver quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	33.38	gold quality
cortex of kidney	UBERON:0001225	32.36	gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	32.15	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	31.74	gold quality
pancreas	UBERON:0001264	31.61	gold quality
muscle tissue	UBERON:0002385	31.06	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	29.87	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	29.25	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	29.23	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	29.04	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	28.14	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	27.57	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	26.55	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.49

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 2)

• Data indicate that formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue processing may result in persistent chemical modifications of histones, which correspond in mass shift of important post-translational modifications (PTMs). (PMID:27941757)
• Findings show that serine-threonine-tyrosine kinase 1 (NOK) mediates glycolysis and nuclear pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) associated histone acetylation. (PMID:28410146)

Cross-species orthologs

23 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	H2ac1	ENSMUSG00000060081
rattus_norvegicus	H2ac1	ENSRNOG00000065352
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG31618	FBGN0051618
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33808	FBGN0053808
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33814	FBGN0053814
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33817	FBGN0053817
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33820	FBGN0053820
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33823	FBGN0053823
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33826	FBGN0053826
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33829	FBGN0053829
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33832	FBGN0053832
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33835	FBGN0053835
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33838	FBGN0053838
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33841	FBGN0053841
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33844	FBGN0053844
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33847	FBGN0053847
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33850	FBGN0053850
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33853	FBGN0053853
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33856	FBGN0053856
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33859	FBGN0053859
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33862	FBGN0053862
drosophila_melanogaster	His2A:CG33865	FBGN0053865
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00019947

Paralogs (27): MACROH2A2 (ENSG00000099284), H2AZ2 (ENSG00000105968), MACROH2A1 (ENSG00000113648), H2AZ1 (ENSG00000164032), H2AC6 (ENSG00000180573), H2AC25 (ENSG00000181218), H2AC20 (ENSG00000184260), H2AC21 (ENSG00000184270), H2AX (ENSG00000188486), H2AC13 (ENSG00000196747), H2AC11 (ENSG00000196787), H2AC7 (ENSG00000196866), H2AL3 (ENSG00000229674), H2AJ (ENSG00000246705), H2AL1Q (ENSG00000249467), H2AB1 (ENSG00000274183), H2AC12 (ENSG00000274997), H2AC15 (ENSG00000275221), H2AC14 (ENSG00000276368), H2AC16 (ENSG00000276903), H2AC8 (ENSG00000277075), H2AB3 (ENSG00000277745), H2AB2 (ENSG00000277858), H2AC4 (ENSG00000278463), H2AC17 (ENSG00000278677), H2AC18 (ENSG00000288825), H2AC19 (ENSG00000288859)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Histone H2A type 1-A — Q96QV6 (reviewed: Q96QV6)

Alternative names: H2A-clustered histone 1, Histone H2A/r

All UniProt accessions (1): Q96QV6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.

Subunit / interactions. The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

Subcellular location. Nucleus. Chromosome.

Post-translational modifications. Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry. Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1, TRIM37 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A functions downstream of methylation of ‘Lys-27’ of histone H3 (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by TRIM37 may promote transformation of cells in a number of breast cancers. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through ‘Lys-63’ linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2 sites, and ‘Lys-63’-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend ‘Lys-63’-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. Deubiquitinated by USP51 at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) after damaged DNA is repaired. H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced ‘Lys-63’-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct events. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121 (H2AT120ph) by DCAF1 is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription. Glutamine methylation at Gln-105 (H2AQ104me) by FBL is specifically dedicated to polymerase I. It is present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus and impairs binding of the FACT complex. Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage. Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes. Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.

Similarity. Belongs to the histone H2A family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_734466* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002119	Histone_H2A	Family
IPR007125	H2A/H2B/H3	Domain
IPR009072	Histone-fold	Homologous_superfamily
IPR032454	Histone_H2A_C	Domain
IPR032458	Histone_H2A_CS	Conserved_site

Pfam: PF00125, PF16211

UniProt features (52 total): modified residue 33, helix 6, cross-link 3, strand 3, turn 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, region of interest 1, compositionally biased region 1, mutagenesis site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

2 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
5GT0	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.82
5GSU	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.1

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q96QV6-F1	90.82	0.79

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (36): 10, 10, 10, 10, 14, 14, 16, 37, 37, 37, 37, 75, 76, 96, 96, 96, 96, 96, 105, 119 …

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (1):

Position	Phenotype
2	blocks the inhibition of transcription by rps6ka5/msk1.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

9 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-3214815	HDACs deacetylate histones
R-HSA-3214847	HATs acetylate histones
R-HSA-3214858	RMTs methylate histone arginines
R-HSA-5689603	UCH proteinases
R-HSA-5689880	Ub-specific processing proteases
R-HSA-5689901	Metalloprotease DUBs
R-HSA-9609690	HCMV Early Events
R-HSA-9610379	HCMV Late Events
R-HSA-9918481	Dengue Virus-Host Interactions

MSigDB gene sets: 68 (showing top): GSE45365_NK_CELL_VS_BCELL_DN, MEF2_02, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_GENE_EXPRESSION_EPIGENETIC, OCT1_06, GOBP_CHROMATIN_REMODELING, GOBP_HETEROCHROMATIN_ORGANIZATION, MEF2_Q6_01, TTTNNANAGCYR_UNKNOWN, CTAWWWATA_RSRFC4_Q2, GOBP_EPIGENETIC_REGULATION_OF_GENE_EXPRESSION, GOCC_CHROMOSOMAL_REGION, GOCC_PROTEIN_DNA_COMPLEX, MEF2_03, GOCC_CHROMOSOME_TELOMERIC_REGION, RNCTGNYNRNCTGNY_UNKNOWN

GO Biological Process (2): heterochromatin formation (GO:0031507), chromatin organization (GO:0006325)

GO Molecular Function (3): DNA binding (GO:0003677), structural constituent of chromatin (GO:0030527), protein heterodimerization activity (GO:0046982)

GO Cellular Component (6): chromosome, telomeric region (GO:0000781), nucleosome (GO:0000786), female germ cell nucleus (GO:0001674), nucleus (GO:0005634), extracellular exosome (GO:0070062), chromosome (GO:0005694)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-4 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Chromatin modifying enzymes	3
Deubiquitination	3
HCMV Infection	2
Dengue Virus Infection	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
chromatin	2
cellular component assembly	1
heterochromatin boundary formation	1
negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic	1
heterochromatin organization	1
cellular component organization	1
nucleic acid binding	1
structural molecule activity	1
protein dimerization activity	1
chromosomal region	1
protein-DNA complex	1
germ cell nucleus	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
extracellular vesicle	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1300 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
H2AC1	H2BC1	Q96A08	767
H2AC1	H1-1	Q02539	747
H2AC1	H1-5	P16401	655
H2AC1	H2BC21	Q16778	607
H2AC1	CD4	P01730	602
H2AC1	CD74	P04233	517
H2AC1	H1-7	Q75WM6	480
H2AC1	H1-6	P22492	448
H2AC1	HLA-DRA	P01903	429
H2AC1	H4C16	P02304	428
H2AC1	PLBD2	Q8NHP8	410
H2AC1	RPL12	P30050	410
H2AC1	PTGDR2	Q9Y5Y4	400
H2AC1	PFN1	P07737	393
H2AC1	H2AC19	P20670	385

IntAct

20 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
RECQL	PARP1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.750
EGFR	CTNND1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.750
SFMBT1	H4C16	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.460
	H4C16	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
BRD7	H2AC1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
NFKB1	NFKB1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
JUN		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
JUN	TPM3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NP	HNRNPAB	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NEK4	E2F8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
P		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
M		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GPC3	PXDNL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
FN1	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
EIF4A3	DDX39A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MAGOH	DDX39A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
UBC	ICP0	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (94): HIST1H2AA (Affinity Capture-MS), HDAC1 (Reconstituted Complex), HDAC2 (Reconstituted Complex), HDAC3 (Reconstituted Complex), HIST1H2AA (Reconstituted Complex), HIST1H2AA (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H2AA (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H2AA (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H2AA (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H2AA (Affinity Capture-MS), TLE3 (Protein-peptide), HIST1H2AA (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H2AA (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H2AA (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H2AA (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A1W2PP81, A0A1W2PPE2, A0A1W2PPH5, A0A1W2PPL8, A0A1W2PR64, A0A1W2PRV1, A0A3B3IU63, A4QVR2, A5DQL2, A9UMV8, F4HR03, O35216, P06898, P0C1H6, P0C5Y9, P0C5Z0, P0DW11, P0DW12, P0DW13, P0DW14, P0DW85, P35061, P48003, P49450, Q00728, Q3SZB8, Q3ZBX9, Q4IMD1, Q5M8Q2, Q5TKR9, Q64522, Q64598, Q7Z2G1, Q803H4, Q873G4, Q8BRB7, Q8BZ21, Q8CGP5, Q8IUE6, Q8R1M2

Diamond homologs: A0A097I1R9, A0A097I2B5, A0A0D2UG83, A1A4R1, A1CJ10, A1D8G8, A3LXE7, A3LZZ0, A5DBG4, A5DJJ2, A5DWF1, A5DXC6, A9UMV8, C0HKE1, C0HKE2, C0HKE3, C0HKE4, C0HKE5, C0HKE6, C0HKE7, C0HKE8, C0HKE9, L7HZV6, O74268, P02262, P02263, P02264, P04908, P04909, P04910, P04911, P04912, P06897, P07793, P08844, P0C0S8, P0C0S9, P0C169, P0C170, P0C952

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
SLBP	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	H2AC1	“translation regulation”
DZIP3	“up-regulates activity”	H2AC1	monoubiquitination

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

28 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	27
Likely benign	1
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

112 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
6:25726415:C:A	donor_gain	0.9000
6:25726134:A:AC	donor_gain	0.8200
6:25726135:C:CC	donor_gain	0.8200
6:25726420:A:AC	donor_gain	0.8100
6:25726421:C:CC	donor_gain	0.8100
6:25726135:CTTG:C	donor_gain	0.7900
6:25726484:G:C	donor_gain	0.7600
6:25726482:TAG:T	donor_gain	0.7500
6:25726483:AGA:A	donor_gain	0.7500
6:25726483:A:AC	donor_gain	0.7300
6:25726359:CTA:C	donor_gain	0.7200
6:25726421:CGAAG:C	donor_gain	0.7200
6:25726138:G:A	donor_gain	0.7000
6:25726505:C:CA	donor_gain	0.7000
6:25726410:AGTTT:A	donor_gain	0.6600
6:25726378:CA:C	donor_gain	0.6300
6:25726414:T:A	donor_gain	0.6300
6:25726138:G:GC	donor_gain	0.6200
6:25726139:C:CC	donor_gain	0.6200
6:25726324:G:A	donor_gain	0.5700
6:25726458:A:T	donor_gain	0.5600
6:25726513:C:A	donor_gain	0.5500
6:25726358:TCTAA:T	donor_gain	0.5400
6:25726359:CTAAC:C	donor_gain	0.5400
6:25726501:T:A	donor_gain	0.5200
6:25726425:G:C	donor_gain	0.4800
6:25726454:TGCA:T	donor_gain	0.4800
6:25726136:T:C	donor_gain	0.4700
6:25726250:T:TA	donor_gain	0.4700
6:25726321:ATTG:A	donor_gain	0.4700

AlphaMissense

828 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
6:25726256:T:A	D91V	1.000
6:25726271:A:G	L86P	1.000
6:25726331:A:G	L66P	1.000
6:25726356:A:G	Y58H	1.000
6:25726208:C:T	G107E	0.999
6:25726209:C:G	G107R	0.999
6:25726209:C:T	G107R	0.999
6:25726212:C:G	G106R	0.999
6:25726247:A:G	L94P	0.999
6:25726256:T:C	D91G	0.999
6:25726256:T:G	D91A	0.999
6:25726257:C:G	D91H	0.999
6:25726262:C:G	R89P	0.999
6:25726268:G:T	A87E	0.999
6:25726284:G:T	R82S	0.999
6:25726313:C:G	R72P	0.999
6:25726325:C:T	G68D	0.999
6:25726326:C:G	G68R	0.999
6:25726328:G:T	A67E	0.999
6:25726329:C:G	A67P	0.999
6:25726334:T:A	E65V	0.999
6:25726335:C:T	E65K	0.999
6:25726337:A:G	L64P	0.999
6:25726343:T:A	E62V	0.999
6:25726347:C:G	A61P	0.999
6:25726352:A:G	L59P	0.999
6:25726358:T:A	E57V	0.999
6:25726359:C:T	E57K	0.999
6:25726367:G:T	A54E	0.999
6:25726394:C:T	G45E	0.999

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000483009 (6:25726835 A>C,G), RS1001454938 (6:25728030 C>A,T), RS1001893748 (6:25725930 G>A,C), RS1002155579 (6:25727382 A>C,G,T), RS1002647352 (6:25725867 C>T), RS1002664843 (6:25726026 G>A,C), RS1003805674 (6:25728164 AAG>A), RS1005764806 (6:25726955 T>A,C), RS1006907826 (6:25727473 G>A,C), RS1007182920 (6:25727667 G>A), RS1007632076 (6:25726429 A>G), RS1008738577 (6:25727549 A>C,T), RS1009145881 (6:25725966 T>A,G), RS1009686460 (6:25728282 A>C), RS1009935320 (6:25727691 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:613499 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

7 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002830_1	Urate levels in lean individuals	9.000000e-06
GCST003944_7	Hepcidin/ferritin ratio	4.000000e-13
GCST004521_169	Autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia	4.000000e-14
GCST004521_69	Autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia	8.000000e-24
GCST004521_83	Autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia	1.000000e-13
GCST004571_21	Iron status biomarkers (total iron binding capacity)	4.000000e-14
GCST004572_2	Iron status biomarkers (transferrin saturation)	4.000000e-14

EFO canonical traits (3, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004531	urate measurement
EFO:0007901	hepcidin:ferritin ratio
EFO:0006334	total iron binding capacity

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

23 total (human), top 23 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	decreases expression, decreases methylation	2
bisphenol F	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	1
2,4,6-tribromophenol	decreases expression	1
propionaldehyde	decreases expression	1
decabromobiphenyl ether	decreases expression	1
sulforaphane	affects binding	1
sodium arsenite	increases expression	1
butyraldehyde	decreases expression	1
tetrabromobisphenol A	decreases expression	1
pentanal	decreases expression	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	increases expression	1
2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether	increases expression	1
pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100	decreases expression	1
hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153	decreases expression	1
Aldehydes	decreases expression	1
Arsenic	decreases methylation	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	1
Dexamethasone	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Indomethacin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	affects expression	1
Valproic Acid	increases methylation	1
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Copper Sulfate	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.