HDAC3

gene
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Also known as RPD3HD3RPD3-2KDAC3

Summary

HDAC3 (histone deacetylase 3, HGNC:4854) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 5q31.3, encoding Histone deacetylase 3 (O15379). Histone deacetylase that catalyzes the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), and some other non-histone substrates. It is a common-essential gene (DepMap: required in 95.1% of cancer cell lines).

Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and developmental events. Histone acetylation/deacetylation alters chromosome structure and affects transcription factor access to DNA. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the histone deacetylase/acuc/apha family. It has histone deacetylase activity and represses transcription when tethered to a promoter. It may participate in the regulation of transcription through its binding with the zinc-finger transcription factor YY1. This protein can also down-regulate p53 function and thus modulate cell growth and apoptosis. This gene is regarded as a potential tumor suppressor gene.

Source: NCBI Gene 8841 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • Gene–disease (curated): complex neurodevelopmental disorder (Strong, GenCC) — +1 more curated relationship
  • GWAS associations: 1
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 53 total — 2 likely-pathogenic
  • Druggable target: yes — 37 molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity
  • Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 95.1% of screened cell lines (common-essential)
  • Transcription factor: yes — 27 downstream targets (CollecTRI)
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_003883

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:4854
Approved symbolHDAC3
Namehistone deacetylase 3
Location5q31.3
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesRPD3, HD3, RPD3-2, KDAC3
Ensembl geneENSG00000171720
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM605166
Entrez8841

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 31 — 17 protein_coding, 11 retained_intron, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000305264, ENST00000459727, ENST00000467533, ENST00000469207, ENST00000469550, ENST00000471968, ENST00000475549, ENST00000476739, ENST00000486618, ENST00000490808, ENST00000491581, ENST00000492407, ENST00000492506, ENST00000495485, ENST00000519474, ENST00000523088, ENST00000856306, ENST00000856307, ENST00000856308, ENST00000856309, ENST00000937590, ENST00000937591, ENST00000937592, ENST00000937593, ENST00000937594, ENST00000937595, ENST00000937596, ENST00000940957, ENST00000940958, ENST00000940959, ENST00000940960

RefSeq mRNA: 4 — MANE Select: NM_003883 NM_001355039, NM_001355040, NM_001355041, NM_003883

CCDS: CCDS4264

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000305264 — 15 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE00001843922141636736141636849
ENSE00003486602141625208141625365
ENSE00003494328141629860141629916
ENSE00003519531141620881141621537
ENSE00003521725141636548141636630
ENSE00003526413141626194141626283
ENSE00003532204141634811141634953
ENSE00003551002141630044141630125
ENSE00003572306141629173141629306
ENSE00003594264141628559141628639
ENSE00003616580141626013141626071
ENSE00003628406141628114141628187
ENSE00003664475141629684141629739
ENSE00003666524141627893141627957
ENSE00003691793141625685141625764

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 293 present calls, max score 96.90.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 9.1425 / max 53.9948, expressed in 1773 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
638578.62211769
638580.5204196

Top tissues by expression

299 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
right hemisphere of cerebellumUBERON:001489096.90gold quality
lower esophagus mucosaUBERON:003583496.88gold quality
cerebellar hemisphereUBERON:000224596.74gold quality
right adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582796.63gold quality
cerebellar cortexUBERON:000212996.60gold quality
right adrenal glandUBERON:000123396.40gold quality
left adrenal glandUBERON:000123496.18gold quality
left adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582596.10gold quality
skin of legUBERON:000151195.97gold quality
granulocyteCL:000009495.91gold quality
skin of abdomenUBERON:000141695.85gold quality
adenohypophysisUBERON:000219695.85gold quality
right ovaryUBERON:000211895.61gold quality
right lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000111995.57gold quality
left ovaryUBERON:000211995.55gold quality
ganglionic eminenceUBERON:000402395.29gold quality
left lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000112095.25gold quality
adrenal glandUBERON:000236995.17gold quality
adrenal cortexUBERON:000123595.15gold quality
body of pancreasUBERON:000115095.12gold quality
ventricular zoneUBERON:000305395.08gold quality
ectocervixUBERON:001224995.02gold quality
body of uterusUBERON:000985394.92gold quality
esophagus mucosaUBERON:000246994.89gold quality
cerebellumUBERON:000203794.86gold quality
left uterine tubeUBERON:000130394.75gold quality
right lobe of liverUBERON:000111494.71gold quality
minor salivary glandUBERON:000183094.69gold quality
pituitary glandUBERON:000000794.66gold quality
endocervixUBERON:000045894.64gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3yes7.89
E-MTAB-6379no523.57

Regulation

Is transcription factor: yes

Downstream targets (CollecTRI)

27 targets.

TargetRegulation
ALOX5Activation
APOC3Unknown
ATP6V0E2Repression
BGLAPUnknown
CDH1Repression
CDKN2ARepression
CXCR4Repression
EGFRUnknown
GAS2Repression
GATA2Repression
GCM1Unknown
GRHL1Repression
GTF2IUnknown
IFNA1Repression
JUNRepression
LGALS9Unknown
LSSUnknown
MBD1Unknown
MMP2Repression
MYCRepression
PCK2Unknown
PRAM1Unknown
SMAD7
TLR9Unknown
TNFUnknown
ULBP1Unknown
VEGFAUnknown

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): HDAC4, MYC, VDR, YY1

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

27 targeting HDAC3, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-7110-3P100.0073.182486
HSA-MIR-3613-3P100.0076.367965
HSA-MIR-6873-3P100.0071.422626
HSA-MIR-366299.9973.825684
HSA-MIR-4650-5P99.9864.69999
HSA-MIR-6825-5P99.9669.813431
HSA-MIR-4694-3P99.7969.532640
HSA-MIR-3934-5P99.6764.04846
HSA-MIR-766-5P99.4767.912225
HSA-MIR-464499.3569.122514
HSA-MIR-6828-5P99.3169.211433
HSA-MIR-6731-5P99.2867.422375
HSA-MIR-808599.2867.562362
HSA-MIR-6510-5P99.1466.591081
HSA-MIR-7854-3P99.0866.261117
HSA-MIR-6506-5P99.0465.661386
HSA-MIR-330-5P98.7367.631788
HSA-MIR-589-5P98.7266.96927
HSA-MIR-126198.6268.10896
HSA-MIR-950098.6266.541845
HSA-MIR-619-5P98.5764.971988
HSA-MIR-32698.2566.441565
HSA-MIR-6870-3P98.0865.10692
HSA-MIR-6729-3P96.9166.79703
HSA-MIR-3189-3P96.8066.34896
HSA-MIR-426496.3564.761480
HSA-MIR-6510-3P84.9261.5536

Functional genomics

DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 95.1% of screened cell lines, common-essential.

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

  • Non-permissive cells contain the class I HDAC, HDAC3; super-expression of HDAC3 in normally permissive cells reduces infection and MIEP activity. (PMID:11867539)
  • Results show that the N-CoR-HDAC3 complex inhibits JNK activation through the associated GPS2 subunit and thus could potentially provide an alternative mechanism for hormone-mediated antagonism of AP-1 function. (PMID:11931768)
  • c-Jun phosporylation mediates dissociation of an inhibitory complex associated with HDAC3. (PMID:12853483)
  • N-CoR/histone deacetylase 3 complex is required for repression by thyroid hormone receptor (PMID:12861000)
  • the zinc fingers of nuclear receptors provide a general interaction interface for HDACs 3 and 4, recruiting HDACs 3 and 4 to the target DNA causing demonstrable histone deacetylation (PMID:12943985)
  • HDAC3 regulates osteoblast differentiation and bone formation; data show that HDAC3 actively regulates the transcriptional activity of the osteoblast master protein, Runx2. (PMID:15292260)
  • HDAC3 interacts directly and selectively with MAPK11/p38 beta isoform, represses ATF-2 transcriptional activity, and acts as a regulator of tumor necrosis factor gene expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells, especially in mononuclear phagocytes. (PMID:15356147)
  • THAP7 coimmunoprecipitates with histone deacetylase 3 and the nuclear hormone receptor corepressor and represses transcription (PMID:15561719)
  • CMV IE1 interacts specifically with HDAC3 within infected cells, fundamental to transcriptional activation by IE1 (PMID:15572445)
  • the N-CoR/HDAC3 complex has a role in regulating the expression of genes involved in circadian rhythm by functioning as corepressor for Rev-erbalpha (PMID:15761026)
  • Repression of Dlk1 requires HDAC3 deacetylase activity, which is recruited to the endogenous Dlk1 promoter where it interacts with KLF6. The interaction between HDAC3 and KLF6 is identified as a potential mechanism underlying adipogenesis. (PMID:15917248)
  • Elevated HDAC3 expression is associated with squamous cell lung carcinomas (PMID:16022908)
  • Data show that LAP2beta interacts at the nuclear envelope with HDAC3, a class-I histone deacetylase, and that TSA (an HDAC inhibitor) abrogates LAP2beta’s transcriptional repressive activity. (PMID:16129885)
  • when complexed with Smad6, silences transcriptional activity of glucocorticoid receptor (PMID:16249187)
  • the inhibition of p15(INK4b) and p21(WAF1/cip1) may be one of the mechanisms by which HDAC3 participates in cell cycle regulation and oncogenesis (PMID:16298343)
  • PML-RARalpha functions by recruiting an HDAC3-MBD1 complex that contributes to the establishment and maintenance of the silenced chromatin state (PMID:16432238)
  • This study shows that SMRT/NCoR-HDAC3 complex is a cofactor of CNOT2-mediated repression and suggest that transcriptional regulation by the Ccr4-Not complex involves regulation of chromatin modification. (PMID:16712523)
  • Results provide evidence to show that the HDAC3/N-CoR co-repressor complex is involved in the aberrant transcription regulation in PML-RARalpha-expressing cells. (PMID:16730330)
  • beta-globin gene promoters in GM979 cells and in erythroid progenitors demonstrate that RB7 and butyrate induce dissociation of HDAC3. (PMID:16849648)
  • HDAC3 is a critical, transcription-independent regulator of mitosis. (PMID:16980585)
  • HDAC3 expression is elevated in human astrocytic tumours and its expression pattern is deregulated at the cellular level in high-grade gliomas. (PMID:17007107)
  • HDAC3 plays a significant role in the regulation of TNF-alpha-mediated VCAM-1 expression (PMID:17008592)
  • HDAC-3 cleavage is crucial for efficient apoptosis induction because it allows the activation of some proapoptotic genes during apoptosis progression. (PMID:17101790)
  • These results reveal an unexpected role for HDAC3 and suggest a novel pathway through which MEF2 activity is controlled in vivo. (PMID:17158926)
  • Histone deacetylase inhibitors transcriptionally inhibit agonist-induced tissue factor expression in endothelial cells and monocytes by a TF-kappaB- and HDAC3-dependent mechanism. (PMID:17675290)
  • High expression of HDAC3 is associated with cancer tissues (PMID:17786334)
  • data support a central role for HDAC3 in regulating the cell proliferation and differentiation of colon cancer cells and suggest a potential mechanism by which colon cancers may become resistant to luminal butyrate (PMID:17849419)
  • KLF4 might function as an activator or repressor of transcription depending on whether it interacts with co-activators such as p300 and CREB-binding protein or co-repressors such as HDAC3. (PMID:17908689)
  • the transcription factor YY1 binds to and recruits HDAC3 to the lanosterol synthase promoter. (PMID:17925399)
  • Runx2 and HDAC3 repress BSP gene expression and that this repression is suspended upon osteoblastic cell differentiation. (PMID:17956871)
  • pro-IL-16 forms a complex with GABPbeta1 and HDAC3 in suppressing the transcription of Skp2. (PMID:18097041)
  • we showed that the known effects of HDACs on differentiation and proliferation of cancer cells observed in vitro can also be confirmed in vivo. (PMID:18212746)
  • HDAC3 complex is involved in the formation of functional mitotic spindles and proper kinetochore-microtubule attachment (PMID:18326024)
  • Strong prognostic impact of HDAC isoforms in colorectal cancer. (PMID:18347167)
  • growth factors inhibit sumoylation of SREBPs through their phosphorylation, thus avoiding the recruitment of an HDAC3 corepressor complex and stimulating the lipid uptake and synthesis required for cell growth. (PMID:18403372)
  • Accessible chromatin-associated (histone 3 lysine 9) acetylation state serves as a cornerstone for differentially high expression of effector gene eomesodermin and its target genes perforin 1 and granzyme B in memory CD8 T cells. (PMID:18523274)
  • C-terminal region of p300 provides corepressor function and facilitates the recruitment of p300 and HDAC3 to the YY1-binding site and represses the c-Myc promoter. (PMID:18542060)
  • HDAC3 overexpression alters the epigenetic programming of colon cancer cells to impact intracellular Wnt signaling and their sensitivity to external growth regulation by vitamin D (PMID:18769117)
  • Studies show that cancer cells effectively maintain low levels of pyruvate to prevent inhibition of HDAC1/HDAC3 and thereby to evade cell death. (PMID:18789002)
  • role of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in sister chromatid cohesion and the deacetylation of histone H3 Lys 4 (H3K4) at the centromere (PMID:18832068)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
mus_musculusHdac3ENSMUSG00000024454
rattus_norvegicusHdac3ENSRNOG00000019618
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00001835

Paralogs (10): HDAC9 (ENSG00000048052), HDAC7 (ENSG00000061273), HDAC4 (ENSG00000068024), HDAC6 (ENSG00000094631), HDAC10 (ENSG00000100429), HDAC5 (ENSG00000108840), HDAC1 (ENSG00000116478), HDAC8 (ENSG00000147099), HDAC11 (ENSG00000163517), HDAC2 (ENSG00000196591)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Histone deacetylase 3O15379 (reviewed: O15379)

Alternative names: Protein deacetylase HDAC3, Protein deacylase HDAC3, RPD3-2, SMAP45

All UniProt accessions (3): O15379, E7ESJ6, E7EW19

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Histone deacetylase that catalyzes the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), and some other non-histone substrates. Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes, such as N-Cor repressor complex, which activate the histone deacetylase activity. Participates in the BCL6 transcriptional repressor activity by deacetylating the H3 ‘Lys-27’ (H3K27) on enhancer elements, antagonizing EP300 acetyltransferase activity and repressing proximal gene expression. Acts as a molecular chaperone for shuttling phosphorylated NR2C1 to PML bodies for sumoylation. Contributes, together with XBP1 isoform 1, to the activation of NFE2L2-mediated HMOX1 transcription factor gene expression in a PI(3)K/mTORC2/Akt-dependent signaling pathway leading to endothelial cell (EC) survival under disturbed flow/oxidative stress. Regulates both the transcriptional activation and repression phases of the circadian clock in a deacetylase activity-independent manner. During the activation phase, promotes the accumulation of ubiquitinated BMAL1 at the E-boxes and during the repression phase, blocks FBXL3-mediated CRY1/2 ubiquitination and promotes the interaction of CRY1 and BMAL1. The NCOR1-HDAC3 complex regulates the circadian expression of the core clock gene BMAL1 and the genes involved in lipid metabolism in the liver. Also functions as a deacetylase for non-histone targets, such as KAT5, MEF2D, MAPK14, RARA and STAT3. Serves as a corepressor of RARA, mediating its deacetylation and repression, leading to inhibition of RARE DNA element binding. In association with RARA, plays a role in the repression of microRNA-10a and thereby in the inflammatory response. In addition to protein deacetylase activity, also acts as a protein-lysine deacylase by recognizing other acyl groups: catalyzes removal of (2E)-butenoyl (crotonyl), lactoyl (lactyl), 2-hydroxyisobutanoyl (2-hydroxyisobutyryl) and isonicotinyl acyl groups from lysine residues, leading to protein decrotonylation, delactylation, de-2-hydroxyisobutyrylation and deisonicotinylation, respectively. Catalyzes decrotonylation of MAPRE1/EB1. Mediates delactylation NBN/NBS1, thereby inhibiting DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) via homologous recombination (HR).

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with HDAC7 and HDAC9. Interacts with DAXX, KDM4A, HDAC10 and DACH1. Found in a complex with NCOR1 and NCOR2. Component of the N-Cor repressor complex, at least composed of NCOR1, NCOR2, HDAC3, TBL1X, TBL1R, CORO2A and GPS2. Interacts with BCOR, MJD2A/JHDM3A, NRIP1, PRDM6 and SRY. Interacts with BTBD14B. Interacts with GLIS2. Interacts (via the DNA-binding domain) with NR2C1; the interaction recruits phosphorylated NR2C1 to PML bodies for sumoylation. Component of the Notch corepressor complex. Interacts with CBFA2T3 and NKAP. Interacts with APEX1; the interaction is not dependent on the acetylated status of APEX1. Interacts with ZMYND15. Interacts with SMRT/NCOR2 and BCL6 on DNA enhancer elements. Interacts with INSM1. Interacts with XBP1 isoform 1; the interaction occurs in endothelial cell (EC) under disturbed flow. Interacts (via C-terminus) with CCAR2 (via N-terminus). Interacts with and deacetylates MEF2D. Interacts with BEND3. Interacts with NKAPL. Interacts with DHX36; this interaction occurs in a RNA-dependent manner. Interacts weakly with CRY1; this interaction is enhanced in the presence of FBXL3. Interacts with FBXL3 and BMAL1. Interacts with NCOR1. Interacts with RARA. Interacts with SETD5. (Microbial infection) Interacts with human cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) immediate early protein IE1; this interaction decreases histone acetylation and allows transcriptional activation by the virus.

Subcellular location. Nucleus. Chromosome. Cytoplasm. Cytosol.

Tissue specificity. Widely expressed.

Post-translational modifications. Sumoylated in vitro. Deubiquitinated on ‘Lys-63’-linked ubiquitin chains by USP38; leading to a decreased level of histone acetylation.

Activity regulation. Inositol tetraphosphate (1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate) promotes the histone deacetylase activity by acting as an intermolecular glue between HDAC3 and NCOR2, thereby promoting its association with the N-Cor complex, a prerequisite for the histone deacetylase activity.

Induction. Up-regulated by disturbed flow in umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro.

Similarity. Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 1 subfamily.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
O15379-11, RPD3-2Byes
O15379-22, RPD3-2A

RefSeq proteins (4): NP_001341968, NP_001341969, NP_001341970, NP_003874* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR000286HDACsFamily
IPR003084HDAC_I/IIFamily
IPR023696Ureohydrolase_dom_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR023801His_deacetylse_domDomain
IPR037138His_deacetylse_dom_sfHomologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00850

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

  • EC 3.5.1.98 — histone deacetylase (BRENDA: 33 organisms, 161 substrates, 590 inhibitors, 88 Km, 32 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

32 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 15. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

SubstrateKm (mM)Measurements
FLUOR DE LYS HDAC8 SUBSTRATE0.14–1.19
AC-KHK(ACETYL)K(ACETYL)-7-AMIDO-4-METHYLCOUMARIN0.273–2.4036
FLUOR DE LYS HDAC SUBSTRATE0.013–0.0886
AC-FEK(ACETYL)-7-AMIDO-4-METHYLCOUMARIN0.0023–0.03595
AC-GGK(ACETYL)-7-AMIDO-4-METHYLCOUMARIN0.0043–0.08775
AC-GS(PO3)K(ACETYL)-7-AMIDO-4-METHYLCOUMARIN0.0123–0.06665
AC-GSK(ACETYL)-7-AMIDO-4-METHYLCOUMARIN0.004–0.02415
AC-IHK(ACETYL)-7-AMIDO-4-METHYLCOUMARIN0.0007–0.1085
AC-KYK(ACETYL)-7-AMIDO-4-METHYLCOUMARIN0.0044–0.1074
FLUOR DE LYS4
AC-LYK(ACETYL)-7-AMIDO-4-METHYLCOUMARIN0.0069–0.033
AC-VLK(ACETYL)-7-AMIDO-4-METHYLCOUMARIN0.0119–0.02213
RHK(ACETYL)K(ACETYL)-FLUOROPHORE0.16–1.13
AC-DQK(ACETYL)-7-AMIDO-4-METHYLCOUMARIN0.0024–0.01652
BENZYLOXYCARBONYL-L-LYS(ACETYL)-7-AMIDO-4-METHYL0.078–0.0992

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 6 shown:

  • N(6)-acetyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + H2O = L-lysyl-[protein] + acetate (RHEA:58108)
  • N(6)-acetyl-L-lysyl-[histone] + H2O = L-lysyl-[histone] + acetate (RHEA:58196)
  • N(6)-(2E)-butenoyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + H2O = (2E)-2-butenoate + L-lysyl-[protein] (RHEA:69172)
  • N(6)-(2-hydroxyisobutanoyl)-L-lysyl-[protein] + H2O = 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate + L-lysyl-[protein] (RHEA:69176)
  • N(6)-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-lysyl-[protein] + H2O = (S)-lactate + L-lysyl-[protein] (RHEA:81387)
  • N(6)-isonicotinyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + H2O = isonicotinate + L-lysyl-[protein] (RHEA:83543)

UniProt features (56 total): helix 16, strand 12, binding site 7, turn 6, mutagenesis site 5, region of interest 2, compositionally biased region 2, chain 1, modified residue 1, splice variant 1, sequence variant 1, sequence conflict 1, active site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
4A69X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.06

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-O15379-F190.730.85

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 135

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (7): 172; 259; 265; 17; 21; 25; 170

Post-translational modifications (1): 424

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (5):

PositionPhenotype
17–25abolished interaction with ncor2 and activation of the histone deacetylase activity.
130–132impaired protein deacetylase activity without affecting the protein decrotonylase activity.
264–265abolished interaction with ncor2 and activation of the histone deacetylase activity.
265abolished interaction with ncor2 and activation of the histone deacetylase activity.
298strongly decreased protein deacetylase activity.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

25 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-193670p75NTR negatively regulates cell cycle via SC1
R-HSA-1989781PPARA activates gene expression
R-HSA-2122947NOTCH1 Intracellular Domain Regulates Transcription
R-HSA-2151201Transcriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis
R-HSA-2644606Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants
R-HSA-2894862Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants
R-HSA-3214815HDACs deacetylate histones
R-HSA-350054Notch-HLH transcription pathway
R-HSA-381340Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation
R-HSA-390471Association of TriC/CCT with target proteins during biosynthesis
R-HSA-400206Regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARalpha
R-HSA-5617472Activation of anterior HOX genes in hindbrain development during early embryogenesis
R-HSA-8940973RUNX2 regulates osteoblast differentiation
R-HSA-8943724Regulation of PTEN gene transcription
R-HSA-9022537Loss of MECP2 binding ability to the NCoR/SMRT complex
R-HSA-9022692Regulation of MECP2 expression and activity
R-HSA-9029569NR1H3 & NR1H2 regulate gene expression linked to cholesterol transport and efflux
R-HSA-9609690HCMV Early Events
R-HSA-9701898STAT3 nuclear events downstream of ALK signaling
R-HSA-9707564Cytoprotection by HMOX1
R-HSA-9707616Heme signaling
R-HSA-9841922MLL4 and MLL3 complexes regulate expression of PPARG target genes in adipogenesis and hepatic steatosis
R-HSA-9931509Expression of BMAL (ARNTL), CLOCK, and NPAS2
R-HSA-9933387RORA,B,C and NR1D1 (REV-ERBA) regulate gene expression
R-HSA-9976102Differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells to T helper 2 cells (Th2 cells)

MSigDB gene sets: 426 (showing top): GOBP_CIRCADIAN_RHYTHM, REACTOME_TRANSCRIPTIONAL_REGULATION_OF_WHITE_ADIPOCYTE_DIFFERENTIATION, PID_HDAC_CLASSI_PATHWAY, RNGTGGGC_UNKNOWN, GOBP_ESTABLISHMENT_OF_SPINDLE_ORIENTATION, REACTOME_SIGNALING_BY_NOTCH, AP1_01, GOBP_EMBRYO_DEVELOPMENT_ENDING_IN_BIRTH_OR_EGG_HATCHING, GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_EPITHELIAL_CELL_APOPTOTIC_PROCESS, GOBP_MUSCLE_TISSUE_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_ESTABLISHMENT_OR_MAINTENANCE_OF_CELL_POLARITY, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_INTERLEUKIN_1_PRODUCTION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_PHOSPHORYLATION, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_STRIATED_MUSCLE_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION

GO Biological Process (44): negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122), establishment of mitotic spindle orientation (GO:0000132), in utero embryonic development (GO:0001701), positive regulation of protein phosphorylation (GO:0001934), chromatin organization (GO:0006325), transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006366), protein deacetylation (GO:0006476), regulation of mitotic cell cycle (GO:0007346), response to xenobiotic stimulus (GO:0009410), positive regulation of protein ubiquitination (GO:0031398), regulation of protein stability (GO:0031647), response to nutrient levels (GO:0031667), positive regulation of TOR signaling (GO:0032008), negative regulation of interleukin-1 production (GO:0032692), negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production (GO:0032720), circadian regulation of gene expression (GO:0032922), regulation of multicellular organism growth (GO:0040014), epigenetic regulation of gene expression (GO:0040029), positive regulation of protein import into nucleus (GO:0042307), regulation of circadian rhythm (GO:0042752), negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066), positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process (GO:0043525), negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045892), positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944), negative regulation of JNK cascade (GO:0046329), negative regulation of protein export from nucleus (GO:0046826), spindle assembly (GO:0051225), random inactivation of X chromosome (GO:0060816), neural precursor cell proliferation (GO:0061351), establishment of skin barrier (GO:0061436), cellular response to mechanical stimulus (GO:0071260), cellular response to parathyroid hormone stimulus (GO:0071374), cellular response to fluid shear stress (GO:0071498), response to dexamethasone (GO:0071548), positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis (GO:0120162), DNA repair-dependent chromatin remodeling (GO:0140861), positive regulation of ferroptosis (GO:0160020), cornified envelope assembly (GO:1903575), positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process (GO:2000676), negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation (GO:2000726)

GO Molecular Function (23): transcription corepressor binding (GO:0001222), chromatin binding (GO:0003682), transcription corepressor activity (GO:0003714), histone deacetylase activity (GO:0004407), enzyme binding (GO:0019899), cyclin binding (GO:0030332), chromatin DNA binding (GO:0031490), protein lysine deacetylase activity (GO:0033558), histone deacetylase binding (GO:0042826), GTPase binding (GO:0051020), NF-kappaB binding (GO:0051059), histone isonicotinyllysine deisonicotinylase activity (GO:0140229), DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0140297), histone deacetylase activity, hydrolytic mechanism (GO:0141221), protein decrotonylase activity (GO:0160008), histone decrotonylase activity (GO:0160009), protein de-2-hydroxyisobutyrylase activity (GO:0160010), protein lysine delactylase activity (GO:0160216), ubiquitin-specific protease binding (GO:1990381), DNA binding (GO:0003677), protein binding (GO:0005515), hydrolase activity (GO:0016787), deacetylase activity (GO:0019213)

GO Cellular Component (11): histone deacetylase complex (GO:0000118), chromatin (GO:0000785), nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), cytosol (GO:0005829), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), transcription repressor complex (GO:0017053), mitotic spindle (GO:0072686), chromosome (GO:0005694)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-20 pathways:

CategoryPathways
p75 NTR receptor-mediated signalling1
Regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARalpha1
Signaling by NOTCH11
Mitochondrial biogenesis1
Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants in Cancer1
Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants in Cancer1
Chromatin modifying enzymes1
Generic Transcription Pathway1
Adipogenesis1
Chaperonin-mediated protein folding1
Metabolism of lipids1
Activation of HOX genes during differentiation1
RUNX2 regulates bone development1
PTEN Regulation1
Loss of function of MECP2 in Rett syndrome1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
cellular anatomical structure4
histone modifying activity3
hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides3
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription2
mitotic cell cycle2
circadian rhythm2
regulation of gene expression2
protein binding2
catalytic activity, acting on a protein2
enzyme binding2
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle2
cytoplasm2
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II1
transcription by RNA polymerase II1
establishment of mitotic spindle localization1
establishment of spindle orientation1
chordate embryonic development1
regulation of protein phosphorylation1
protein phosphorylation1
positive regulation of protein modification process1
positive regulation of phosphorylation1
cellular component organization1
DNA-templated transcription1
protein deacylation1
regulation of cell cycle1
response to chemical1
protein ubiquitination1
regulation of protein ubiquitination1
positive regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal1
regulation of biological quality1
response to stimulus1
TOR signaling1
regulation of TOR signaling1
positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction1
negative regulation of cytokine production1
interleukin-1 production1
regulation of interleukin-1 production1
tumor necrosis factor production1
regulation of tumor necrosis factor production1
negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

3306 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
HDAC3NCOR1O75376997
HDAC3NCOR2Q9Y618995
HDAC3TBL1XO60907994
HDAC3TBL1YQ9BQ87994
HDAC3TBL1XR1Q9BZK7991
HDAC3EZH2Q15910954
HDAC3GPS2Q13227944
HDAC3EMDP50402919
HDAC3RBBP4P31149908
HDAC3MORF4L1Q9UBU8893
HDAC3SIN3AQ96ST3887
HDAC3NR1D1P20393826
HDAC3FOXO3O43524824
HDAC3SIRT2Q8IXJ6814
HDAC3SUDS3Q9H7L9808

IntAct

243 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
NCOR2HDAC3psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.950
HDAC3NCOR2psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.950
HDAC3NCOR2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.950
NCOR2HDAC3psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.950
GPS2HDAC3psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.900
GPS2HDAC3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.900
HDAC3NCOR1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.800
HDAC3TBL1Xpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.760
CCT2TXNDC9psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.730
HDAC3AKAP8psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.650
AKAP8HDAC3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.650
HDAC3AKAP8psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.650
AKAP8HDAC3psi-mi:“MI:0403”(colocalization)0.650
HDAC3AKAP8psi-mi:“MI:0403”(colocalization)0.650
HDAC3KDM1Apsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.650
TBL1XR1HDAC3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
CCT3TXNDC9psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
CCT5TXNDC9psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640

BioGRID (663): HDAC3 (Affinity Capture-Western), HDAC3 (Affinity Capture-Western), HDAC3 (Affinity Capture-Western), HDAC3 (Affinity Capture-Western), PPARG (Affinity Capture-Western), PPARG (Biochemical Activity), HDAC3 (Reconstituted Complex), DDX5 (Affinity Capture-Western), DDX17 (Affinity Capture-Western), APEX1 (Affinity Capture-Western), HDAC3 (Affinity Capture-Western), HDAC3 (Reconstituted Complex), HDAC3 (Reconstituted Complex), HDAC3 (Reconstituted Complex), HDAC3 (Reconstituted Complex)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0K0JFP3, O09106, O13298, O13648, O15379, O17695, O22446, O42227, O59702, O74429, O88895, P32561, P53096, P53973, P56517, P56518, P56519, P56520, P56521, P56523, P70288, Q09440, Q13547, Q20296, Q28DV3, Q32PJ8, Q4QQW4, Q4SFA0, Q55BW2, Q55FN5, Q5RAG0, Q5RB76, Q61E36, Q6IRL9, Q6P6W3, Q6YV04, Q7Y0Y6, Q7Y0Y8, Q803C3, Q8H0W2

Diamond homologs: B1H369, B1WC68, O09106, O13298, O15379, O17695, O22446, O30107, O42227, O59702, O88895, P32561, P39067, P53096, P56517, P56518, P56519, P56520, P56521, P56524, P70288, P83038, Q02959, Q09440, Q0VCB2, Q12214, Q13547, Q28DV3, Q32PJ8, Q3JUN4, Q4QQW4, Q4SFA0, Q54X15, Q55BW2, Q55FN5, Q5R902, Q5RAG0, Q5RB76, Q6GPA7, Q6IRL9

SIGNOR signaling

52 interactions.

AEffectBMechanism
RB1up-regulatesHDAC3
BCL3up-regulatesHDAC3binding
CCND1up-regulatesHDAC3binding
CUDC-907down-regulatesHDAC3“chemical inhibition”
4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-N-hydroxybutanamidedown-regulatesHDAC3“chemical inhibition”
entinostatdown-regulatesHDAC3“chemical inhibition”
N-(2-aminophenyl)-4-[[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]methyl]benzamidedown-regulatesHDAC3“chemical inhibition”
HDAC3up-regulatesE2F1binding
HDAC3up-regulatesHDAC1binding
HDAC3up-regulatesSMAD7binding
3-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-N-[2-[4-[(hydroxyamino)-oxomethyl]phenoxy]ethyl]-2-benzofurancarboxamidedown-regulatesHDAC3“chemical inhibition”
HDAC3up-regulatesSMAD7/HDAC1/E2F-1binding
PPP4C“down-regulates activity”HDAC3dephosphorylation
CSNK2A1“up-regulates activity”HDAC3phosphorylation
BCOR“up-regulates activity”HDAC3binding
JWOGUUIOCYMBPV-GMFLJSBRSA-N“down-regulates activity”HDAC3“chemical inhibition”
(S)-N-Hydroxy-4-(3-methyl-2-phenylbutanamido)benzamide“down-regulates activity”HDAC3“chemical inhibition”
HDAC3“up-regulates quantity by stabilization”FASNdeacetylation
HDAC3“down-regulates quantity by repression”CDH1“transcriptional regulation”
GATA1“up-regulates activity”HDAC3relocalization
GSK3B“up-regulates activity”HDAC3phosphorylation
PINK1“up-regulates activity”HDAC3phosphorylation
TBK1“up-regulates activity”HDAC3phosphorylation
HDAC3“down-regulates quantity by repression”ATP6V0E2“transcriptional regulation”
HIPK2“down-regulates activity”HDAC3phosphorylation
belinostat“down-regulates activity”HDAC3“chemical inhibition”
panobinostat“down-regulates activity”HDAC3“chemical inhibition”
entinostat“down-regulates activity”HDAC3“chemical inhibition”
“N-[4-[(hydroxyamino)-oxomethyl]phenyl]carbamic acid [6-(diethylaminomethyl)-2-naphthalenyl]methyl ester”“down-regulates activity”HDAC3“chemical inhibition”

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 152 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
Notch-HLH transcription pathway936.0×4e-10
NOTCH1 Intracellular Domain Regulates Transcription1125.7×2e-10
Regulation of MECP2 expression and activity725.3×5e-07
Transcriptional Regulation by MECP2721.8×1e-06
Transcriptional activity of SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer621.7×1e-05
Downregulation of SMAD2/3:SMAD4 transcriptional activity621.7×1e-05
Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants1121.2×4e-10
Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants1121.2×4e-10

GO biological processes:

GO termPartnersFoldFDR
positive regulation of miRNA transcription817.2×5e-06
negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic514.9×2e-03
cellular response to UV510.9×5e-03
heterochromatin formation59.5×9e-03
epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway59.2×9e-03
somatic stem cell population maintenance59.2×9e-03
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway79.0×1e-03
cellular response to hypoxia87.2×2e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

53 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic2
Uncertain significance25
Likely benign5
Benign2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (2)

Variant IDHGVSClassification
520683NM_003883.4(HDAC3):c.902G>A (p.Arg301Gln)Likely pathogenic
521540NM_003883.4(HDAC3):c.893A>G (p.Tyr298Cys)Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

2053 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
5:141621439:T:TAdonor_gain1.0000
5:141621487:T:Adonor_gain1.0000
5:141625194:C:Adonor_gain1.0000
5:141625203:CAGA:Cdonor_loss1.0000
5:141625204:AGAC:Adonor_loss1.0000
5:141625205:GAC:Gdonor_loss1.0000
5:141625207:C:CAdonor_loss1.0000
5:141625225:AGGAC:Adonor_gain1.0000
5:141625235:T:Adonor_gain1.0000
5:141625257:T:TAdonor_gain1.0000
5:141625361:AGATA:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
5:141625362:GATA:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
5:141625364:TA:Tacceptor_gain1.0000
5:141625366:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
5:141625370:T:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
5:141625370:T:TCacceptor_gain1.0000
5:141625666:G:Cdonor_gain1.0000
5:141625765:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
5:141625766:T:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
5:141627895:ATGC:Adonor_gain1.0000
5:141627956:CA:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
5:141628553:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
5:141628554:C:CCdonor_gain1.0000
5:141628554:CTTA:Cdonor_gain1.0000
5:141628555:TTAC:Tdonor_loss1.0000
5:141628557:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
5:141628557:A:Tdonor_loss1.0000
5:141628557:ACT:Adonor_gain1.0000
5:141628558:C:CGdonor_gain1.0000
5:141628558:CT:Cdonor_gain1.0000

AlphaMissense

2864 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
5:141625694:G:CN350K1.000
5:141625694:G:TN350K1.000
5:141625748:A:CF332L1.000
5:141625748:A:TF332L1.000
5:141625750:A:GF332L1.000
5:141626195:A:GW307R1.000
5:141626195:A:TW307R1.000
5:141626196:G:CC306W1.000
5:141626200:C:GR305P1.000
5:141626203:G:TA304D1.000
5:141626222:A:GY298H1.000
5:141626224:C:AG297V1.000
5:141626224:C:TG297D1.000
5:141626225:C:AG297C1.000
5:141626225:C:GG297R1.000
5:141626227:C:AG296V1.000
5:141626227:C:TG296D1.000
5:141626228:C:GG296R1.000
5:141626230:C:AG295V1.000
5:141626230:C:TG295D1.000
5:141626231:C:GG295R1.000
5:141626233:C:AG294V1.000
5:141626233:C:TG294D1.000
5:141626234:C:GG294R1.000
5:141627911:A:GL271P1.000
5:141627923:C:AG267V1.000
5:141627923:C:TG267D1.000
5:141627924:C:GG267R1.000
5:141627926:A:GL266S1.000
5:141627932:T:AD264V1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000129847 (5:141627537 C>A,T), RS1000388630 (5:141634628 C>G,T), RS1000405355 (5:141635653 TCAACTCAGG>T), RS1000437456 (5:141627344 T>C), RS1000491299 (5:141627095 A>G), RS1000556975 (5:141629984 G>A,C), RS1000738666 (5:141635114 G>A,C,T), RS1001125584 (5:141633292 T>G), RS1001189800 (5:141635758 C>T), RS1001317430 (5:141628921 A>G), RS1001552013 (5:141634344 G>A), RS1001569293 (5:141636124 C>T), RS1001665366 (5:141626610 C>T), RS1001821913 (5:141634014 T>C), RS1001951669 (5:141624937 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:605166 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

DiseaseClassificationInheritance
complex neurodevelopmental disorderStrongAutosomal dominant
neurodevelopmental disorderStrongAutosomal dominant

Mondo (3): ependymoma (MONDO:0016698), complex neurodevelopmental disorder (MONDO:0100038), neurodevelopmental disorder (MONDO:0700092)

Orphanet (1): Ependymoma (Orphanet:251636)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST010002_39Refractive error2.000000e-14

MeSH disease descriptors (2)

DescriptorNameTree numbers
D004806EpendymomaC04.557.465.625.600.380.290; C04.557.470.670.380.290; C04.557.580.625.600.380.290
D065886Neurodevelopmental DisordersF03.625

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (14): CHEMBL1829 (SINGLE PROTEIN), CHEMBL2093865 (PROTEIN FAMILY), CHEMBL2111363 (PROTEIN COMPLEX), CHEMBL3038483 (PROTEIN FAMILY), CHEMBL3038484 (PROTEIN COMPLEX), CHEMBL3430896 (PROTEIN FAMILY), CHEMBL3430897 (PROTEIN FAMILY), CHEMBL4296072 (PROTEIN FAMILY), CHEMBL4523679 (PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTION), CHEMBL4523988 (PROTEIN FAMILY)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

37 molecules (phase ≥1), by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds). Patent mentions across the top 20 by phase: 858,754 (via chembl_molecule»patent_compound — counts attach to the compound, not the gene–compound relationship, so off-target/promiscuous molecules can dominate).

MoleculeNamePhasePatents
CHEMBL1213492GIVINOSTAT42,827
CHEMBL325041BORTEZOMIB413,120
CHEMBL343448ROMIDEPSIN412,963
CHEMBL408513BELINOSTAT47,765
CHEMBL483254PANOBINOSTAT411,666
CHEMBL487253BENDAMUSTINE430,877
CHEMBL98VORINOSTAT450,361
CHEMBL118CELECOXIB4112,844
CHEMBL1469PHENYLBUTANOIC ACID437,081
CHEMBL1746SODIUM PHENYLBUTYRATE45,577
CHEMBL1851943PRACINOSTAT31,998
CHEMBL2103863ABEXINOSTAT32,195
CHEMBL235191TACEDINALINE32,950
CHEMBL27759ENTINOSTAT36,584
CHEMBL3621988TUCIDINOSTAT32,182
CHEMBL140CURCUMIN393,882
CHEMBL145CAFFEIC ACID336,305
CHEMBL14227BUTYRIC ACID2424,980
CHEMBL1801250NANATINOSTAT2754
CHEMBL2105763QUISINOSTAT21,843
CHEMBL2364628RICOLINOSTAT2
CHEMBL272980MOCETINOSTAT2
CHEMBL356066DACINOSTAT2
CHEMBL3622533FIMEPINOSTAT2
CHEMBL3693786CITARINOSTAT2
CHEMBL3989941TINOSTAMUSTINE2
CHEMBL4283683DOMATINOSTAT2
CHEMBL62381SODIUM BUTYRATE2
CHEMBL191482AR-422
CHEMBL284616CHLOROGENIC ACID2

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: enzyme — 3.5.1.- Histone deacetylases (HDACs)

Most potent curated ligand interactions (35 total), top 25:

LigandActionAffinityParameter
romidepsinInhibition9.82pKi
trichostatin AInhibition9.3pKi
martinostatInhibition9.22pIC50
fimepinostatInhibition8.74pIC50
BML-281Inhibition8.7pIC50
panobinostatInhibition8.4pEC50
scriptaidInhibition8.39pKi
dacinostatInhibition8.38pKi
quisinostatInhibition8.31pIC50
vorinostatInhibition8.3pKi
RGFP109Inhibition8.3pKi
CHR-3996Inhibition8.15pIC50
abexinostatInhibition8.09pIC50
CUDC-101Inhibition8.04pIC50
givinostatInhibition7.68pEC50
apicidinInhibition7.52pEC50
belinostatInhibition7.52pEC50
pracinostatInhibition7.37pIC50
citarinostatInhibition7.34pIC50
inhibitor M9 [PMID: 38236416]Inhibition7.31pIC50
resminostatInhibition7.3pIC50
ricolinostatInhibition7.29pIC50
compound 30 [PMID: 37057760]Inhibition7.13pIC50
RGFP966Inhibition7.1pIC50
domatinostatInhibition6.89pIC50

Binding affinities (BindingDB)

658 measured of 824 human assays (825 total across all organisms); most potent 50 below. Values come from heterogeneous assays and are not directly comparable.

LigandMeasureValuePatent
(E)-N-hydroxy-3-[4-[[2-(1-methylindol-3-yl)ethylamino]methyl]phenyl]prop-2-enamideIC500.2 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
(E)-3-[4-[[1-adamantylmethyl(methyl)amino]methyl]phenyl]-N-hydroxyprop-2-enamideIC500.3 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
(E)-3-[4-[(1-adamantylmethylamino)methyl]-3-fluorophenyl]-N-hydroxyprop-2-enamideIC500.78 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
(E)-3-[4-[[1-adamantylmethyl(methyl)amino]methyl]-3-fluorophenyl]-N-hydroxyprop-2-enamideIC500.78 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
N-hydroxy-6-(8-methoxy-6,11,11-trioxobenzo[b][1,4]benzothiazepin-5-yl)hexanamideIC500.8 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-4-[[1-(morpholine-4-carbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC500.9 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
(E)-3-[4-[(1-adamantylmethylamino)methyl]phenyl]-N-hydroxyprop-2-enamideIC500.95 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
PanobinostatIC501 nM
N-hydroxy-6-(8-methoxy-6-oxobenzo[b][1,4]benzothiazepin-5-yl)hexanamideIC501.2 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-4-[[1-(4-methylpiperazine-1-carbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC501.2 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
(E)-3-[4-[(cyclohexylmethylamino)methyl]-3-fluorophenyl]-N-hydroxyprop-2-enamideIC501.64 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
(E)-3-[4-[(cyclohexylmethylamino)methyl]phenyl]-N-hydroxyprop-2-enamideIC501.8 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
BRD2492IC502 nM
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-4-[[4-methyl-1-(morpholine-4-carbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC502 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
NVP-LAQ824IC502.6 nM
N-hydroxy-2-[[1-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)acetyl]-4-phenylpiperidin-4-yl]amino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamideIC503 nMUS-9278963: Pyrimidine hydroxy amide compounds as histone deacetylase inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-8-cyclopropyl-7-piperazin-1-ylquinoline-3-carboxamideIC503.1 nMUS-9145412: Selective HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-4-[[4-methyl-1-(piperazine-1-carbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC503.2 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-4-[[4-methyl-1-(4-methylpiperazine-1-carbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC503.2 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-4-[[4-ethyl-1-(piperazine-1-carbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC503.9 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylquinoline-6-carboxamideIC504 nMUS-9145412: Selective HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibitors
N-[2-amino-5-(thiophen-2-yl)phenyl]-4-{1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-8-ylmethyl}benzamideIC504 nM
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-4-[[4-methyl-1-(pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC504 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-4-[[1-(pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC504.7 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
(E)-3-[2-butyl-1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]benzimidazol-5-yl]-N-hydroxyprop-2-enamideIC504.7 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
CHEBI:46024IC504.9 nM
2-[[1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)cyclopropyl]amino]-N-hydroxypyrimidine-5-carboxamideIC505 nMUS-8614223: Pyrimidine hydroxy amide compounds as protein deacetylase inhibitors and methods of use thereof
(E)-N-hydroxy-3-[3-[methyl(2-phenylethyl)sulfamoyl]phenyl]prop-2-enamideIC505 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-4-[[1-(oxane-4-carbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC505 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
(E)-3-[4-[[cyclohexylmethyl(methyl)amino]methyl]-3-fluorophenyl]-N-hydroxyprop-2-enamideIC505.43 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
R-TSAIC505.76 nM
N-hydroxy-2-[[4-phenyl-1-(phenylcarbamothioyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamideIC505.9 nMUS-9278963: Pyrimidine hydroxy amide compounds as histone deacetylase inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-2-cyclopropyl-1-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamideIC506 nMUS-9145412: Selective HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibitors
2-N-hydroxy-5-N-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]thiophene-2,5-dicarboxamideIC506 nM
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-4-[[1-(1-hydroxycyclohexanecarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC506 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
N-[7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl]-4-(methylamino)benzamideIC506.1 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-2-[[4-methyl-1-(propan-2-ylcarbamoyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamideIC506.5 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-phenylphenyl)-1-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamideIC506.8 nMUS-9145412: Selective HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibitors
2-[[1-[2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]cyclopropyl]amino]-N-hydroxypyrimidine-5-carboxamideIC507 nMUS-8614223: Pyrimidine hydroxy amide compounds as protein deacetylase inhibitors and methods of use thereof
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-ylquinoxaline-6-carboxamideIC507 nMUS-9145412: Selective HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibitors
3-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-N-{2-[4-(hydroxycarbamoyl)phenoxy]ethyl}-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamideKI7 nM
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-2-[[1-(4-methylpiperazine-1-carbonyl)-4-propan-2-ylpiperidin-4-yl]amino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamideIC507 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-4-[[1-(1-hydroxycyclopentanecarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC507 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-phenylphenyl)-1-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]indazole-5-carboxamideIC507.1 nMUS-9145412: Selective HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-pyridin-4-ylphenyl)-4-[[4-methyl-1-(pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]benzamideIC507.1 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-thiophen-2-ylphenyl)-2-[[4-methyl-1-(piperazine-1-carbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamideIC507.3 nMUS-9790180: Piperidine derivatives as HDAC1/2 inhibitors
4-(dimethylamino)-N-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)benzamideIC507.3 nMUS-10188756: Imaging histone deacetylases with a radiotracer using positron emission tomography
N-(2-amino-5-phenylphenyl)-1-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)indazole-5-carboxamideIC507.4 nMUS-9145412: Selective HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibitors
N-(2-amino-5-phenylphenyl)-8-cyclopropyl-7-piperazin-1-ylquinoline-3-carboxamideIC507.8 nMUS-9145412: Selective HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibitors
HDAC inhibitor, Compound 2IC507.93 nM

ChEMBL bioactivities

6100 potent at pChembl≥5 of 6100 total, top 50 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChemblTypeValueUnitMolecule
10.40Ki0.04nMCHEMBL5413269
10.22IC500.06nMCHEMBL4860000
10.15IC500.07nMCHEMBL4637689
10.10IC500.08nMCHEMBL4862152
10.06IC500.087nMCHEMBL4641682
10.03IC500.093nMCHEMBL4649205
10.00IC500.1nMCHEMBL4861467
10.00Ki0.1nMPANOBINOSTAT
9.89IC500.13nMCHEMBL4878197
9.85Ki0.14nMTRICHOSTATIN
9.82Ki0.15nMROMIDEPSIN
9.80IC500.16nMCHEMBL4294949
9.77IC500.17nMCHEMBL4634501
9.77IC500.17nMCHEMBL5433552
9.76IC500.1726nMCHEMBL4444219
9.74IC500.18nMCHEMBL4644038
9.72IC500.19nMCHEMBL4642518
9.70IC500.2nMCHEMBL2371007
9.70IC500.2nMCHEMBL4759693
9.70IC500.2nMCHEMBL4742026
9.70IC500.2nMCHEMBL4780309
9.70IC500.2nMCHEMBL4753460
9.70Ki0.2nMCHEMBL99392
9.70IC500.2nMCHEMBL5395502
9.70IC500.2nMCHEMBL1793811
9.70IC500.2nMCHEMBL1793991
9.70IC500.2nMCHEMBL1793985
9.62IC500.24nMCHEMBL4637357
9.59IC500.2553nMCHEMBL4444219
9.59Ki0.26nMTRICHOSTATIN
9.59Ki0.26nMAPICIDIN
9.55IC500.28nMCHEMBL4444219
9.55IC500.28nMCHEMBL4638264
9.55IC500.28nMCHEMBL4597954
9.55IC500.28nMCHEMBL5093099
9.52IC500.3nMCHEMBL3329621
9.52IC500.3nMCHEMBL2370998
9.52IC500.3nMCHEMBL4761973
9.52IC500.3nMCHEMBL4746782
9.52IC500.3nMCHEMBL4745088
9.52IC500.3nMCHEMBL5199116
9.52IC500.3nMCHEMBL5170036
9.52Ki0.3nMCHEMBL279636
9.52IC500.3nMCHEMBL4597954
9.52IC500.3nMCHEMBL5796974
9.52IC500.3nMCHEMBL1793822
9.50IC500.316nMCHEMBL4444219
9.49IC500.32nMCHEMBL4869000
9.48IC500.33nMCHEMBL5218556
9.47IC500.34nMCHEMBL4642023

PubChem BioAssay actives

2874 with measured affinity, of 6100 total; 50 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

CompoundAssayTypeValueUnit
N-hydroxy-2-[4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide1941741: Inhibition of HDAC (unknown origin)ic500.0001uM
N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-7-oxoheptyl]-1-methylazetidine-3-carboxamide1664942: Inhibition of full length human recombinant FLAG-tagged HDAC3/His6-tagged SMRT (1 to 899 residues) expressed in HEK293F cells using FLUOR DE LYS as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition and measured after 60 mins by fluorescence based assayic500.0001uM
(2S)-6-(cyclopropylmethyl)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-methoxyquinolin-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1662502: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0001uM
(3S,6S)-6-(6-oxooctyl)-5,8,18,27,34-pentazahexacyclo[25.2.2.17,10.111,15.114,18.01,3]tetratriaconta-7,9,11(33),12,14,16-hexaene-4,32-dione1754654: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0001uM
(3S,6S)-12-methoxy-6-(6-oxooctyl)-5,8,18,27,34-pentazahexacyclo[25.2.2.17,10.111,15.114,18.01,3]tetratriaconta-7,9,11,13,15(33),16-hexaene-4,32-dione1754654: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0001uM
N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-7-oxoheptyl]-1-methylazetidine-3-carboxamide1664942: Inhibition of full length human recombinant FLAG-tagged HDAC3/His6-tagged SMRT (1 to 899 residues) expressed in HEK293F cells using FLUOR DE LYS as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition and measured after 60 mins by fluorescence based assayic500.0001uM
(2S)-6-(cyclopropylmethyl)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(7-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1768795: Inhibition of human recombinant FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells incubated for 30 mins by Fluor De Lys assayic500.0001uM
(2S)-6-(cyclopropylmethyl)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(7-methoxy-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1768795: Inhibition of human recombinant FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells incubated for 30 mins by Fluor De Lys assayic500.0001uM
N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]-7-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-7-oxoheptyl]-1-methylazetidine-3-carboxamide1664942: Inhibition of full length human recombinant FLAG-tagged HDAC3/His6-tagged SMRT (1 to 899 residues) expressed in HEK293F cells using FLUOR DE LYS as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition and measured after 60 mins by fluorescence based assayic500.0002uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-methoxyquinolin-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-propan-2-yl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1662502: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0002uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-methoxyquinolin-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-methyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1662502: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0002uM
(E)-3-[4-[[2-(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethylamino]methyl]phenyl]-N’-propylprop-2-enehydrazide;2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid1548756: Inhibition of recombinant human C-terminal GST/His-tagged HDAC3 (1 to 428 residues) co-expressed with human N-terminal GST-tagged NCOR2 (395 to 489 residues) in baculovirus infected Sf9 cells using Boc-Lys(acetyl)-AMC as substrate preincubated for 90 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 2 hrs by fluorescence based microplate reader analysisic500.0002uM
(2S)-6-ethyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-methoxyquinolin-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1726254: Inhibition of human recombinant full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells in using BML-KI104 as substrate in presence of SAHA as inhibitor preincubated for 3 hrs followed by addition of substrate measured after 30 mins by fluorescence based assayic500.0002uM
(2S)-6-methyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(1-methylindol-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1694525: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin) using compound purified by traditional preparative HPLC work-flowic500.0002uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-ethyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1694528: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin) using compound purified by microgram-scale HPLC work-flowic500.0002uM
(2S)-6-ethyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-methoxy-5-propan-2-ylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1694528: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin) using compound purified by microgram-scale HPLC work-flowic500.0002uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[4-cyano-2-(2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-methyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1674972: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0002uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(9H-carbazol-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-methyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1694525: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin) using compound purified by traditional preparative HPLC work-flowic500.0002uM
(2S)-6-ethyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(6-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydropyridin-5-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1694528: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin) using compound purified by microgram-scale HPLC work-flowic500.0002uM
(2S)-6-ethyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1694528: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin) using compound purified by microgram-scale HPLC work-flowic500.0002uM
7-[4-[[4-[3-(tert-butylsulfamoyl)anilino]-5-methylpyrimidin-2-yl]amino]-2-fluorophenoxy]-N-hydroxyheptanamide2031064: Inhibition of HDAC in human HeLa cells nuclear extract incubated for 30 mins by multiplate reader analysisic500.0002uM
7-[4-[[4-[3-(tert-butylsulfamoyl)anilino]-5-methylpyrimidin-2-yl]amino]phenoxy]-N-hydroxyheptanamide2031064: Inhibition of HDAC in human HeLa cells nuclear extract incubated for 30 mins by multiplate reader analysisic500.0002uM
(5R,8S,11S)-5-methyl-11-[(E)-4-[[(E)-4-[(5R,8S,11S)-5-methyl-6,9,13-trioxo-8-propan-2-yl-10-oxa-3,17-dithia-7,14,19,20-tetrazatricyclo[14.2.1.12,5]icosa-1(18),2(20),16(19)-trien-11-yl]but-3-enyl]disulfanyl]but-1-enyl]-8-propan-2-yl-10-oxa-3,17-dithia-7,14,19,20-tetrazatricyclo[14.2.1.12,5]icosa-1(18),2(20),16(19)-triene-6,9,13-trione1188979: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin) incubated for 30 mins in presence of BSA and DTT by fluorescence assayic500.0003uM
(3S,6R,9S,12R)-6,9-dimethyl-3-[6-[(2S)-oxiran-2-yl]-6-oxohexyl]-1,4,7,10-tetrazabicyclo[10.3.0]pentadecane-2,5,8,11-tetrone1972771: Binding affinity to HDAC3 (unknown origin) assessed as inhibition constantki0.0003uM
(E)-3-[4-[[2-(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethylamino]methyl]phenyl]-N’-propylprop-2-enehydrazide1821182: Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC3 using Boc-Lys(acetyl)-AMC substrate incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence based assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-6-ethyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(7-methoxy-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-6-methyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-methyl-1-oxoisoquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1754654: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0003uM
(2S)-6-cyclobutyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(7-methoxy-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(7-methoxy-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-methyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(3S,6S)-6-(6-oxooctyl)-22-oxa-5,8,18,26,33-pentazahexacyclo[24.2.2.17,10.111,15.114,18.01,3]tritriaconta-7,9,11(32),12,14,16-hexaene-4,31-dione1754654: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0003uM
(3S)-7-ethyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-methoxyquinolin-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-7-azaspiro[3.5]nonane-3-carboxamide1662502: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0003uM
(2S)-6-(dimethylamino)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-methoxyquinolin-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]spiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1662502: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0003uM
(2S)-6-methyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-6-ethyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(7-methoxy-1-methyl-2-oxoquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(7-fluoro-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-methyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-ethylquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-methyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-6-methyl-N-[(1S)-7-oxo-1-(5-quinolin-3-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)nonyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1694528: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin) using compound purified by microgram-scale HPLC work-flowic500.0003uM
(2S)-6-(cyclopropylmethyl)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(7-methoxy-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-6-ethyl-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(7-methoxy-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(7-methoxy-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-propan-2-yl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-cyclopropylquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-methyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2,7-dimethylquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-methyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-cyclopropyl-7-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-methyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[4-cyano-2-(4-pyridin-3-ylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-methyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1674972: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0003uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[4-cyano-2-(2-methylindazol-5-yl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-methyl-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1674972: Inhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)ic500.0003uM
5-methoxy-N-[[4-(propylaminocarbamoyl)phenyl]methyl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide1821182: Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC3 using Boc-Lys(acetyl)-AMC substrate incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence based assayic500.0003uM
(9S,12R)-3-[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-9-(6-hydroxy-5-oxoheptyl)-6-[(1-methoxyindol-3-yl)methyl]-1,4,7,10-tetrazabicyclo[10.4.0]hexadecane-2,5,8,11-tetrone1847765: Inhibition of HDAC (unknown origin)ic500.0003uM
(9S,12R)-3-[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-6-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-9-(5-oxoheptyl)-1,4,7,10-tetrazabicyclo[10.4.0]hexadecane-2,5,8,11-tetrone1847765: Inhibition of HDAC (unknown origin)ic500.0003uM
(2S)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-cyclopropyl-7-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-(cyclopropylmethyl)-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM
(2S)-6-(cyclopropylmethyl)-N-[(1S)-1-[5-(2-ethyl-7-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-7-oxononyl]-6-azaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxamide1916029: Inhibition of human full length FLAG-tagged HDAC3 expressed in HEK293F cells using BML-KI104 as substrate preincubated for 3 hrs followed by substrate addition measured after 60 mins by modified FLUOR DE LYS assayic500.0003uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

66 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
trichostatin Adecreases activity, decreases expression, affects binding, affects cotreatment, decreases reaction (+2 more)6
sodium arseniteincreases expression, decreases expression, decreases reaction3
Vorinostataffects binding, decreases expression, decreases activity3
bisphenol Aaffects expression, decreases expression2
manganese chlorideaffects binding, increases abundance, increases reaction, increases expression, decreases reaction2
Air Pollutantsaffects expression, increases abundance, decreases expression2
Butyratesdecreases activity, increases expression2
Estradioldecreases reaction, increases expression, decreases expression2
Valproic Aciddecreases activity, increases expression2
RGFP966decreases activity1
aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA)increases expression1
methylmercuric chlorideincreases expression1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
honokiolaffects binding, decreases phosphorylation, decreases expression, decreases reaction, increases reaction (+1 more)1
polymarcinedecreases activity1
mancozebdecreases activity1
methoxyacetic aciddecreases activity1
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalatedecreases expression1
afimoxifeneaffects binding, increases reaction1
sulforaphaneaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
tanshinoneincreases expression1
benzamidedecreases activity1
di-n-butylphosphoric acidaffects expression1
trapoxin Bdecreases activity1
4-phenylbutyric aciddecreases expression, decreases reaction1
15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2decreases expression1
monomethylarsonous acidincreases expression1
polyphenon Edecreases expression, increases reaction1
ICG 001decreases expression1
mocetinostatdecreases expression1

ChEMBL screening assays

2753 unique, capped per target: 2724 binding, 23 admet, 5 functional, 1 toxicity

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay IDTypeDescriptionSource paper
CHEMBL1002515BindingInhibition of human C-terminal FLAG-tagged HDAC3 in HEK293 cellsDiscovery of a potent class I selective ketone histone deacetylase inhibitor with antitumor activity in vivo and optimized pharmacokinetic properties. — J Med Chem
CHEMBL3860978ADMETInhibition of HDAC3 (unknown origin)Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of First-in-Class Dual Acting Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) and Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. — J Med Chem
CHEMBL5723165FunctionalAffinity Biochemical interaction: (detection of AMC fluorescence generated by tryptic cleavage of deacetylated peptide Ac-NH-GGK(Ac)-AMC, enzymatic assay) EUB0002304aCl HDAC3Affinity Biochemical Literature for EUbOPEN Chemogenomic Library

Cellosaurus cell lines

3 cell lines: 2 embryonic stem cell, 1 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_A2M3SEES3-1V human HDAC3, clone1Embryonic stem cellMale
CVCL_A2M4SEES3-1V human HDAC3, clone2Embryonic stem cellMale
CVCL_SR08HAP1 HDAC3 (-)Cancer cell lineMale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

299 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

TrialPhaseStatusTitle
NCT04586348PHASE4UNKNOWNPrenatal Iodine Supplementation and Early Childhood Neurodevelopment
NCT04873115PHASE4UNKNOWNDouble-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Sialanar Plus orAl rehabiLitation Against Placebo Plus Oral Rehabilitation for chIldren and Adolescents With seVere Sialorrhoea and Neurodisabilties,
NCT02559102PHASE3COMPLETEDDexmedetomidine Sedation Versus General Anaesthesia for Inguinal Hernia Surgery in Infants
NCT02757079PHASE3COMPLETEDStudy of the Efficacy and Safety of NPC-15 for Sleep Disorders of Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders
NCT06915480PHASE3RECRUITINGReducing Missed Appointments
NCT07377032PHASE3RECRUITINGTAP-GRIN: Interventional Study on Patients With GRIN-related Neurodevelopmental Disorders
NCT00517959PHASE3UNKNOWNSCRT Versus Conventional RT in Children and Young Adults With Low Grade and Benign Brain Tumors
NCT01096368PHASE3COMPLETEDMaintenance Chemotherapy or Observation Following Induction Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Ependymoma
NCT02909959PHASE2COMPLETEDSulforaphane for the Treatment of Young Men With Autism Spectrum Disorder
NCT06081348PHASE2RECRUITINGSertraline vs. Placebo in the Treatment of Anxiety in Children and AdoLescents With NeurodevelopMental Disorders
NCT06352372PHASE2COMPLETEDSafety and Efficacy of tPBM for Epileptiform Activity in Autism
NCT00003479PHASE2TERMINATEDAntineoplaston Therapy in Treating Patients With Ependymoma
NCT00520936PHASE2COMPLETEDA Study of Pemetrexed in Children With Recurrent Cancer
NCT00840047PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGMethionine PET/CT Studies In Patients With Cancer
NCT01088035PHASE2TERMINATEDCarboplatin as a Radiosensitizer in Treating Childhood Ependymoma
NCT01247922PHASE2TERMINATEDSingle-agent Erlotinib in Patients Previously Treated With Oral Etoposide in Protocol OSI-774-205
NCT01288235PHASE2COMPLETEDProton Radiotherapy for Pediatric Brain Tumors Requiring Partial Brain Irradiation
NCT01295944PHASE2COMPLETEDCarboplatin and Bevacizumab for Recurrent Ependymoma
NCT01356290PHASE2RECRUITINGAntiangiogenic Therapy for Children With Recurrent Medulloblastoma, Ependymoma, ATRT and Rare CNS Tumors
NCT01836549PHASE2TERMINATEDImetelstat Sodium in Treating Younger Patients With Recurrent or Refractory Brain Tumors
NCT02125786PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGA Trial of Surgery and Fractionated Re-Irradiation for Recurrent Ependymoma
NCT02689336PHASE2WITHDRAWNErlotinib in Combination With Temozolomide in Treating Relapsed/Recurrent/Refractory Pediatric Solid Tumors
NCT03095248PHASE2TERMINATEDTrial of Selumetinib in Patients With Neurofibromatosis Type II Related Tumors
NCT03155620PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGTargeted Therapy Directed by Genetic Testing in Treating Pediatric Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, or Histiocytic Disorders (The Pediatric MATCH Screening Trial)
NCT03173950PHASE2COMPLETEDImmune Checkpoint Inhibitor Nivolumab in People With Recurrent Select Rare CNS Cancers
NCT03194906PHASE2COMPLETEDMemantine for Prevention of Cognitive Late Effects in Pediatric Patients Receiving Cranial Radiation Therapy for Localized Brain Tumors
NCT03210714PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGErdafitinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With FGFR Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03213652PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGEnsartinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With ALK or ROS1 Genomic Alterations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03213665PHASE2COMPLETEDTazemetostat in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With EZH2, SMARCB1, or SMARCA4 Gene Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03213678PHASE2COMPLETEDSamotolisib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With TSC or PI3K/MTOR Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03213704PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGLarotrectinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With NTRK Fusions (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03220035PHASE2COMPLETEDVemurafenib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With BRAF V600 Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03233204PHASE2COMPLETEDOlaparib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With Defects in DNA Damage Repair Genes (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03526250PHASE2COMPLETEDPalbociclib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Rb Positive Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With Activating Alterations in Cell Cycle Genes (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03698994PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGUlixertinib in Treating Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With MAPK Pathway Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT03727841PHASE2TERMINATEDMarizomib for Recurrent Low-Grade and Anaplastic Supratentorial, Infratentorial, and Spinal Cord Ependymoma
NCT04049669PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGPediatric Trial of Indoximod With Chemotherapy and Radiation for Relapsed Brain Tumors or Newly Diagnosed DIPG
NCT04195555PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGIvosidenib in Treating Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors, Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With IDH1 Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)
NCT04284774PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGTipifarnib for the Treatment of Advanced Solid Tumors, Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With HRAS Gene Alterations, a Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial
NCT04320888PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGSelpercatinib for the Treatment of Advanced Solid Tumors, Lymphomas, or Histiocytic Disorders With Activating RET Gene Alterations, a Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial