HMG20A

Summary

HMG20A (high mobility group 20A, HGNC:5001) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 15q24.3, encoding High mobility group protein 20A (Q9NP66). Plays a role in neuronal differentiation as chromatin-associated protein.

Enables identical protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of gene expression. Predicted to act upstream of or within negative regulation of neuron differentiation; negative regulation of protein sumoylation; and negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be active in nucleus.

Source: NCBI Gene 10363 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 18
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 68 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001304504

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:5001
Approved symbol	HMG20A
Name	high mobility group 20A
Location	15q24.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	HMGX1, FLJ10739, HMGXB1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000140382
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	605534
Entrez	10363

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 28 — 24 protein_coding, 3 retained_intron, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000336216, ENST00000381714, ENST00000558176, ENST00000558288, ENST00000558651, ENST00000558845, ENST00000559035, ENST00000559099, ENST00000559728, ENST00000560498, ENST00000560867, ENST00000560986, ENST00000859564, ENST00000859565, ENST00000859566, ENST00000859567, ENST00000859568, ENST00000859569, ENST00000859570, ENST00000859571, ENST00000859572, ENST00000938333, ENST00000938334, ENST00000938335, ENST00000938336, ENST00000938337, ENST00000938338, ENST00000951417

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_001304504 NM_001304504, NM_001304505, NM_018200

CCDS: CCDS10295

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000336216 — 10 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001207498	77482970	77485603
ENSE00001519878	77420888	77421004
ENSE00001677526	77467095	77467307
ENSE00001683723	77478295	77478510
ENSE00001715323	77477555	77477630
ENSE00001734338	77471783	77471814
ENSE00001759613	77470910	77471042
ENSE00003462611	77458404	77458496
ENSE00003529790	77479179	77479321
ENSE00003645628	77464240	77464387

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 280 present calls, max score 93.82.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 18.1997 / max 416.2548, expressed in 1803 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (6 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
147863	11.9471	1784
147861	4.1874	1591
147865	0.8140	490
207598	0.5079	262
147862	0.4474	160
147864	0.2959	113

Top tissues by expression

288 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	93.82	gold quality
oocyte	CL:0000023	93.71	gold quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	93.34	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	92.11	gold quality
embryo	UBERON:0000922	92.05	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	92.03	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	91.81	gold quality
tibia	UBERON:0000979	90.41	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	89.89	gold quality
vastus lateralis	UBERON:0001379	89.55	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	89.33	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	89.32	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	89.29	gold quality
choroid plexus epithelium	UBERON:0003911	89.23	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	89.17	gold quality
quadriceps femoris	UBERON:0001377	89.14	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	89.12	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	89.03	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	88.99	gold quality
muscle organ	UBERON:0001630	88.93	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	88.90	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	88.55	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	88.36	gold quality
cardiac atrium	UBERON:0002081	88.29	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	88.29	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	88.28	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	88.26	gold quality
corpus callosum	UBERON:0002336	88.26	gold quality
caecum	UBERON:0001153	88.21	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	88.15	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	5.47

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

151 targeting HMG20A, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-1252-5P	100.00	69.80	2774
HSA-MIR-6876-5P	100.00	67.68	2126
HSA-MIR-4476	100.00	68.18	2030
HSA-MIR-4533	100.00	69.48	2758
HSA-MIR-518D-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-518E-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-518F-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-519A-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-519B-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-519C-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-520C-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-522-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-523-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-526A-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-513B-5P	99.99	69.96	2150
HSA-MIR-1184	99.99	68.19	1458
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-568	99.98	69.86	2084
HSA-LET-7F-2-3P	99.98	70.98	2588
HSA-MIR-1185-1-3P	99.98	71.04	2593
HSA-MIR-1185-2-3P	99.98	71.04	2593
HSA-MIR-548P	99.98	72.25	3784
HSA-MIR-3688-3P	99.97	72.02	2834
HSA-MIR-3148	99.97	75.06	6478
HSA-MIR-495-3P	99.96	72.81	4197
HSA-MIR-5688	99.96	73.23	4504
HSA-MIR-545-3P	99.95	70.74	2783
HSA-MIR-141-3P	99.94	72.79	2421
HSA-MIR-200A-3P	99.94	72.68	2420
HSA-MIR-651-3P	99.94	73.48	5177

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 11)

• beta-dystrobrevin interacts with the HMG20 proteins iBRAF and BRAF35 (PMID:20530487)
• HMG20A/iBRAF forms heterodimers with HMG20B/BRAF35. Heterodimerization impairs HMG20B/BRAF35 sumoylation and interaction with the LSD1-CoREST complex. (PMID:22570500)
• we report associations with the LAMA1 and HMG20A (not previously associated at genome-wide significance in Europeans) gene regions with type 2 diabetes risk (PMID:22693455)
• ectopic expression of BRAP2 inhibits nuclear localization of HMG20A and NuMA1, and prevents nuclear envelope accumulation of SYNE2. (PMID:23707952)
• HMG20A together with LSD1 are required for SNAI1-dependent repression of epithelial genes. (PMID:25639869)
• HMG20A is a key regulator of mature beta cell function in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (PMID:29449530)
• rs7178572 at HMG 20A , previously associated with GDM in South Indian and European women, was replicated in North Indian women. (PMID:30919529)
• Influence of IGF2BP2, HMG20A, and HNF1B genetic polymorphisms on the susceptibility to Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese Han population. (PMID:32329795)
• Identification and Biochemical Characterization of High Mobility Group Protein 20A as a Novel Ca(2+)/S100A6 Target. (PMID:33808200)
• The high mobility group protein HMG20A cooperates with the histone reader PHF14 to modulate TGFbeta and Hippo pathways. (PMID:36124662)
• HMG20A was identified as a key enhancer driver associated with DNA damage repair in oral squamous cell carcinomas. (PMID:36335317)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	hmg20a	ENSDARG00000031198
mus_musculus	Hmg20a	ENSMUSG00000032329
rattus_norvegicus	Hmg20a	ENSRNOG00000016905
caenorhabditis_elegans	hmg-3	WBGENE00001973
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001974

Paralogs (20): HMGB3 (ENSG00000029993), HMG20B (ENSG00000064961), SP100 (ENSG00000067066), SMARCE1 (ENSG00000073584), SP140 (ENSG00000079263), TOX4 (ENSG00000092203), HMGXB4 (ENSG00000100281), TOX3 (ENSG00000103460), TFAM (ENSG00000108064), UBTF (ENSG00000108312), HMGB1P1 (ENSG00000124097), TOX2 (ENSG00000124191), SP110 (ENSG00000135899), SSRP1 (ENSG00000149136), HMGB2 (ENSG00000164104), HMGB4 (ENSG00000176256), SP140L (ENSG00000185404), HMGB1 (ENSG00000189403), TOX (ENSG00000198846), UBTFL1 (ENSG00000255009)

Protein

Protein identifiers

High mobility group protein 20A — Q9NP66 (reviewed: Q9NP66)

Alternative names: HMG box-containing protein 20A, HMG domain-containing protein 1, HMG domain-containing protein HMGX1

All UniProt accessions (8): Q9NP66, H0YK55, H0YKL0, H0YKM5, H0YM80, H0YMG2, H0YMS9, H0YNS8

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Plays a role in neuronal differentiation as chromatin-associated protein. Acts as inhibitor of HMG20B. Overcomes the repressive effects of the neuronal silencer REST and induces the activation of neuronal-specific genes. Involved in the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase KMT2A/MLL1 and consequent increased methylation of histone H3 lysine 4.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with DTNB.

Subcellular location. Nucleus.

Tissue specificity. Ubiquitous.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9NP66-1	1	yes
Q9NP66-2	2

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001291433, NP_001291434, NP_060670 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR009071	HMG_box_dom	Domain
IPR036910	HMG_box_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR051965	ChromReg_NeuronalGeneExpr	Family

Pfam: PF00505

UniProt features (15 total): compositionally biased region 6, splice variant 2, region of interest 2, chain 1, DNA-binding region 1, modified residue 1, sequence conflict 1, coiled-coil region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9NP66-F1	74.87	0.40

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (1): 105

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 263 (showing top): GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_NEURON_DIFFERENTIATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_SUMOYLATION, GCM_ZNF198, LINDGREN_BLADDER_CANCER_CLUSTER_3_DN, GOBP_NEUROGENESIS, GOBP_PEPTIDYL_LYSINE_MODIFICATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_NEURON_DIFFERENTIATION, SHETH_LIVER_CANCER_VS_TXNIP_LOSS_PAM6, GOBP_PROTEIN_SUMOYLATION, GOBP_POST_TRANSLATIONAL_PROTEIN_MODIFICATION, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_METABOLIC_PROCESS, DODD_NASOPHARYNGEAL_CARCINOMA_UP, BENPORATH_NOS_TARGETS, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_DEVELOPMENTAL_PROCESS, NRF2_01

GO Biological Process (6): negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122), chromatin organization (GO:0006325), regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355), regulation of gene expression (GO:0010468), negative regulation of protein sumoylation (GO:0033234), negative regulation of neuron differentiation (GO:0045665)

GO Molecular Function (3): DNA binding (GO:0003677), identical protein binding (GO:0042802), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (1): nucleus (GO:0005634)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	1
transcription by RNA polymerase II	1
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	1
cellular component organization	1
DNA-templated transcription	1
regulation of gene expression	1
regulation of RNA biosynthetic process	1
gene expression	1
regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process	1
protein sumoylation	1
regulation of protein sumoylation	1
negative regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal	1
neuron differentiation	1
negative regulation of cell differentiation	1
regulation of neuron differentiation	1
nucleic acid binding	1
protein binding	1
binding	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1988 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
HMG20A	GSE1	Q14687	734
HMG20A	PHF21B	Q96EK2	700
HMG20A	CTBP1	Q13363	695
HMG20A	RCOR3	Q9P2K3	634
HMG20A	AP3S2	P59780	624
HMG20A	RCOR1	Q9UKL0	617
HMG20A	PHF21A	Q96BD5	598
HMG20A	HSPA1A	P08107	596
HMG20A	GRB14	Q14449	590
HMG20A	HDAC1	Q13547	545
HMG20A	HDAC2	Q92769	532
HMG20A	RREB1	Q92766	503
HMG20A	ST6GAL1	P15907	481
HMG20A	CDKAL1	Q5VV42	480
HMG20A	HMG20B	Q9P0W2	480

IntAct

364 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
HMG20A	HMG20A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.800
HMG20A	RPP30	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
SYTL4	HMG20A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
HMG20A	SCNM1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
RPP30	HMG20A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
HMG20A	SYTL4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
HMG20A	KDM1A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
HMG20A	DTNB	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
HMG20A	HPCAL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
DTNB	HMG20A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
HPCAL1	HMG20A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
H2BC1	PPM1G	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
HMG20A	FMNL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ADD1	HMG20A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
HMG20A	PTH2R	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
KPNA2	HMG20A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
CFAP53	HMG20A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
HMG20A	RSPH9	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
CCDC136	HMG20A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
HMG20A	ADD1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560

BioGRID (350): HMG20A (Two-hybrid), HMG20A (Two-hybrid), HMG20A (Two-hybrid), HMG20A (Two-hybrid), HMG20A (Two-hybrid), HMG20A (Two-hybrid), HMG20A (Two-hybrid), RPP30 (Two-hybrid), CCDC136 (Two-hybrid), SCNM1 (Two-hybrid), SYTL4 (Two-hybrid), CFAP53 (Two-hybrid), RSPH9 (Two-hybrid), HMG20A (Affinity Capture-RNA), HMG20A (Affinity Capture-RNA)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0PJP4, A2VDP1, A4FV29, A4II71, E9PSK7, F1RCP1, O00472, O60271, Q0IHE5, Q15545, Q1LZE0, Q28DG8, Q2HJG8, Q2TBQ7, Q3U1T3, Q498D5, Q4R5A5, Q4V8V1, Q58A65, Q5DTM8, Q5EA95, Q5M7T3, Q5PSV4, Q5R6Y9, Q5R7L9, Q5RHQ8, Q5VTR2, Q5ZKF4, Q5ZLL9, Q5ZLS3, Q62739, Q68CZ1, Q6AZT4, Q6DC03, Q6R1L1, Q7ZXA8, Q8BXG3, Q8CG73, Q8IZC4, Q8K0Q5

Diamond homologs: A9RA84, B0CM99, B1MTB0, B2RPK0, O04235, O15347, O49596, O54879, O94529, O94842, P07156, P07746, P09429, P0CO24, P0CO25, P0CR74, P0CR75, P10103, P11632, P11633, P11873, P12682, P17741, P23497, P26583, P26584, P26586, P30681, P40618, P40619, P40621, P40632, P40644, P40673, P52925, P63158, P63159, P87057, P93047, Q04636

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 119 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Regulation of PTEN gene transcription	5	12.9×	7e-03
HDACs deacetylate histones	7	12.2×	9e-04
Potential therapeutics for SARS	6	9.9×	7e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

68 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	44
Likely benign	5
Benign	1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1762 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
15:77420000:TGTTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
15:77420001:GTTAC:G	donor_loss	1.0000
15:77420002:TTACC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
15:77420003:TACCT:T	donor_loss	1.0000
15:77420005:C:CG	donor_loss	1.0000
15:77458398:TTTCA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:77458399:TTCA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:77458400:TCA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:77458401:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:77458402:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:77458402:A:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:77458403:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:77458403:G:GT	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:77458403:GA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:77458403:GAGA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:77458472:A:T	donor_gain	1.0000
15:77458745:T:G	donor_gain	1.0000
15:77467093:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:77467093:AG:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:77467094:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:77467094:GC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:77467094:GCA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:77467094:GCAA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:77467094:GCAAC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
15:77467305:CAG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
15:77467308:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
15:77467308:GTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
15:77467309:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
15:77470906:CTAG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
15:77470907:TA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

2306 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
15:77467164:C:A	P103T	1.000
15:77467164:C:T	P103S	1.000
15:77467165:C:A	P103H	1.000
15:77467180:C:T	T108I	1.000
15:77467182:G:A	G109R	1.000
15:77467182:G:C	G109R	1.000
15:77467183:G:A	G109E	1.000
15:77467185:T:A	Y110N	1.000
15:77467185:T:C	Y110H	1.000
15:77467185:T:G	Y110D	1.000
15:77467186:A:C	Y110S	1.000
15:77467186:A:G	Y110C	1.000
15:77467189:T:A	V111D	1.000
15:77467192:G:C	R112P	1.000
15:77467194:T:A	F113I	1.000
15:77467194:T:C	F113L	1.000
15:77467194:T:G	F113V	1.000
15:77467195:T:C	F113S	1.000
15:77467195:T:G	F113C	1.000
15:77467196:C:A	F113L	1.000
15:77467196:C:G	F113L	1.000
15:77467207:G:C	R117P	1.000
15:77467210:G:C	R118P	1.000
15:77467246:T:G	F130C	1.000
15:77467269:G:C	G138R	1.000
15:77467270:G:A	G138D	1.000
15:77467270:G:T	G138V	1.000
15:77467278:T:A	W141R	1.000
15:77467278:T:C	W141R	1.000
15:77467279:G:C	W141S	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000005727 (15:77519033 T>A), RS1000026812 (15:77506543 C>T), RS1000055606 (15:77460788 C>A,G), RS1000063169 (15:77467566 A>C,G), RS1000122216 (15:77513123 C>A), RS1000171534 (15:77501410 C>G), RS1000202956 (15:77495556 TAAAG>T), RS1000246848 (15:77500077 C>A,T), RS1000254414 (15:77435466 T>G), RS1000259073 (15:77479966 A>T), RS1000326204 (15:77493453 C>T), RS1000426801 (15:77460540 G>A), RS1000447225 (15:77441431 T>G), RS1000479911 (15:77441735 G>A), RS1000514711 (15:77507886 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:605534 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

18 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST001033_6	Type 2 diabetes	5.000000e-07
GCST001213_4	Type 2 diabetes	7.000000e-11
GCST001550_3	Type 2 diabetes	1.000000e-08
GCST002352_58	Type 2 diabetes	2.000000e-11
GCST004894_123	Type 2 diabetes	1.000000e-17
GCST004894_18	Type 2 diabetes	2.000000e-08
GCST004894_32	Type 2 diabetes	6.000000e-07
GCST005047_51	Type 2 diabetes	5.000000e-09
GCST005047_68	Type 2 diabetes	2.000000e-06
GCST005830_33	Hand grip strength	3.000000e-08
GCST006001_3	Hemoglobin A1c levels	1.000000e-08
GCST006867_128	Type 2 diabetes	3.000000e-16
GCST007847_56	Type 2 diabetes	1.000000e-07
GCST007847_78	Type 2 diabetes	1.000000e-11
GCST007923_6	Medication use (drugs used in diabetes)	7.000000e-11
GCST009379_208	Type 2 diabetes	3.000000e-29
GCST010118_108	Type 2 diabetes	2.000000e-26
GCST012490_53	Femur bone mineral density x serum urate levels interaction	2.000000e-11

EFO canonical traits (4, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0006941	grip strength measurement
EFO:0004541	HbA1c measurement
EFO:0009924	Drugs used in diabetes use measurement
EFO:0004531	urate measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

23 total (human), top 23 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects expression, decreases expression	4
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases expression, affects expression, increases abundance	3
Particulate Matter	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	2
FR900359	affects phosphorylation	1
TAK-243	decreases sumoylation	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
bisphenol A	affects cotreatment, decreases methylation	1
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
2-palmitoylglycerol	increases expression	1
PCI 5002	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Fulvestrant	decreases methylation, affects cotreatment	1
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	1
Arsenic	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Atrazine	increases expression	1
Vehicle Emissions	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Doxorubicin	decreases expression	1
Ivermectin	decreases expression	1
Ozone	affects expression, increases abundance	1
Thiram	decreases expression	1
Zinc	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Cyclosporine	decreases expression	1
Okadaic Acid	decreases expression	1
Lactic Acid	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.