IFNL4

Summary

IFNL4 (interferon lambda 4 (gene/pseudogene), HGNC:44480) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 19q13.2, encoding Interferon lambda-4 (K9M1U5). Cytokine that may trigger an antiviral response activating the JAK-STAT pathway and up-regulating specifically some interferon-stimulated genes.

This gene is a polymorphic pseudogene which, in some humans, encodes the interferon (IFN) lambda 4 protein. Humans are polymorphic for the dinucleotide TT/deltaG allele. Compared to the ancestral state in non-human primates, the TT allele produces a frameshift in the coding region of this gene which is predicted to induce nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. This allele, and an allele in the first intron of this gene, have experienced a rapid increase in frequency and show indications of positive selection. The ancestral states of these alleles are associated with an impaired ability to clear hepatitis C virus. This gene, like other type III interferons (IFNs), interacts with the IFN lambda receptor complex (IFNLR) whose signaling is generally restricted to epithelial cells. This gene resides in a cluster of four type III IFN genes and at least two pseudogenes on chromosome 19q13.2. In general, interferons are produced in response to viral infection and block viral replication and propagation to uninfected cells by activating the JAK-STAT pathway and up-regulating antiviral genes. Multiple alternatively spliced transcripts have been described for this gene but their biological validity and protein coding status is still being ascertained.

Source: NCBI Gene 101180976 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 11

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:44480
Approved symbol	IFNL4
Name	interferon lambda 4 (gene/pseudogene)
Location	19q13.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	IFNAN
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000272395
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	615090
Entrez	101180976

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 3 — 3 protein_coding_LoF

ENST00000606380, ENST00000634680, ENST00000634967

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000606380 — 5 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00003697533	39246314	39247231
ENSE00003699536	39247389	39247463
ENSE00003700526	39247924	39247995
ENSE00003700571	39247708	39247851
ENSE00003753056	39248429	39248856

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 18 present calls, max score 85.96.

Top tissues by expression

107 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	85.96	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	47.23	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	45.49	gold quality
superior frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002661	41.36	silver quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	40.41	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	40.20	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	39.67	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	39.22	gold quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	37.90	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	37.44	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	37.31	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	37.20	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	37.06	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	36.93	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	36.48	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	35.91	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	35.89	silver quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	35.77	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	35.77	silver quality
temporal lobe	UBERON:0001871	35.56	silver quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	35.49	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	35.24	silver quality
Ammon’s horn	UBERON:0001954	35.24	silver quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	35.03	gold quality
myometrium	UBERON:0001296	34.70	silver quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	34.44	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	34.41	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	34.38	silver quality
brain	UBERON:0000955	34.32	silver quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	31.82	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.65

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• A new interferon gene IFNL4 is associated with impaired clearance of hepatitis C virus. (PMID:23291588)
• IFNL4-DeltaG is strongly associated with impaired spontaneous hepatitis C virus clearance. (PMID:23956438)
• IFNL4 improves prediction of response to interferon-based hepatitis C therapies, if SNP rs8099917 is used. (PMID:24205831)
• Its polymorphisms are strongly associated with responses to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) therapy in patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus. (PMID:24325405)
• genetic polymorphism is associated with antiviral therapy outcome in the Japanese population (PMID:24355007)
• It was reported that in patients treated with sofosbuvir along with ribavirin, IFNL4-DeltaG is associated with slower early viral decay, due to slower loss of free virus and decreased drug efficacy. (PMID:24367041)
• HCV infection in particular might activate IFNL4 transcription in the liver (PMID:24376784)
• Intrahepatic lymphocyte degranulation activity in HCV-infected patients is associated with IFNL4 polymorphisms and contributes to the clearance of HCV in patients with favorable genotypes under antiviral therapy. (PMID:24415789)
• could not find any difference in the predictive impact of any of three SNPs of IFNL4 or IL-28B with regard to susceptibility to HCV or treatment response (PMID:24646752)
• IFNL3 and IFNL4 single nucleotide polymorphisms correlate with treatment response in hepatitis C patients depending on virus genotype. (PMID:24782280)
• this review summarizes the current knowledge of IFN-l4 and discusses questions that should be addressed to resolve its paradoxical biologic activities.[review] (PMID:24786669)
• This study demonstrates that IFNL4 rs368234815 polymorphism is an important predictor of response to antiviral treatment in the liver transplantation setting. (PMID:25130512)
• Authors report for the first time an association between an IFNL3/4 polymorphism and susceptibility to AIDS-related cytomegalovirus retinitis. (PMID:25259701)
• Polymorphisms in the IFNL3/4 region influence susceptibility to cytomegalovirus replication in solid-organ transplant recipients. (PMID:25301956)
• Natural selection history of IFNL4-inactivating allele has thus shaped present-day heterogeneity across populations not only in genetic variation, but also in relevant phenotypes and susceptibility to hepatitis C. (PMID:25329461)
• IFNL4 gene polymorphisms can predict treatment response in chronic hepatitis C. (PMID:25393304)
• Patients harbouring the impaired IFNlambda4-S70 variant display lower interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression levels. (PMID:25534433)
• Among Puerto Rican hepatitis C patients, SNP frequencies of IFNL4 locus ss469415590 were 26% (TT/TT), 48% (TT/DeltaG), and 26% (DeltaG/DeltaG). (PMID:25563035)
• Genetic analysis revealed associations of rs368234815 of IFNL4 with sustained virological response and pre-treatment viral load. (PMID:25577150)
• Overexpression of IFNlambda4 suppressed IL28B induction and promoter activation. (PMID:25611696)
• We found an independent association of the IFNL4 ss469415590 polymorphism with higher prevalence of AIDS-defining illnesses and lower CD4 T cell numbers. (PMID:25658540)
• IFNL4 and IFNL3 associated polymorphisms strongly influence the spontaneous IFN-alpha receptor-1 expression in HCV-infected patients (PMID:25675103)
• Interferon-lambda rs12979860 genotype is a strong aetiology-independent predictor of tissue inflammation and fibrosis in viral and non-viral chronic liver disease. (PMID:25740255)
• The IFNL3.rs12979860 and IFNL4.ss469415590 variants have comparable effects on spontaneous resolution of hepatitis C virus infection among Egyptians. (PMID:25788203)
• HCV infection is proposed to induce a more efficient antiviral response in individuals with the IFNL4 TT/TT genotype that results either in viral clearance or selection for viral adaptations. (PMID:25849245)
• Females with the IFNL4 genotype detected were more likely to have HCV reclearance. (PMID:25883387)
• IFNL4 polymorphisms were predictive of treatment outcome only for patients infected with HCV-1. (PMID:25938236)
• Transcriptome analysis reveals a classical interferon signature induced by IFNlambda4 in human primary cells (PMID:26066369)
• The current study is the first to investigate the effect of IFNL3 and IFNL4 polymorphisms on liver-related mortality. The lower risk of death among African American HIV/HCV-coinfected women is not explained by genetic variation in the IFN-lambda region. (PMID:26115445)
• IFN-l4 may have at least 3 functions in human hepatic cells-activation of interferon signaling, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of cell death (PMID:26134097)
• IFNL3 and IFNL4 genotyping could identify those likely to clear naturally and in whom treatment could be delayed, or help prioritize Directly-acting antivirals treatment to those less likely to respond to interferon-containing regimens. (PMID:26150150)
• IFNL4-DeltaG/TT is the primary IFN-lambda region polymorphism for impaired HCV clearance (PMID:26186989)
• Studies indicate that the type III interferons (IFNs) or IFN-lambdas consists of four members: IFN-lambda1 (IL-29), IFN-lambda2 (IL28A), IFN-lambda3 (IL-28B) and IFN-lambda4. (PMID:26194286)
• Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Interferon Lambda-4 Gene is not Associated with Treatment Response to Pegylated Interferon in Chronic Hepatitis B. (PMID:26225703)
• Despite differences in protein sequences, functional properties of the recombinant human and nonhuman IFN-l4 proteins are comparable-they are all biologically active for induction of interferon signaling. (PMID:26308395)
• The hepatitis C protective allele TT was associated with decreased likelihood of HIV-1 infection in male intravenous drug users [odds ratio (OR): 0.3; P = 0.006], and this association was not modified by the genotype of CCR5. (PMID:26372394)
• Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interferon lambda 4 (IFNL4) gene are predictors for treatment success in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (PMID:26406534)
• IFNL4-DeltaG/TT genotype was not associated with HSV-related outcomes, including episodes of oral or genital herpes (PMID:26431156)
• Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs12979860) in the intronic region of the interferon-lambda4 (IFNL4) gene modulate liver inflammation and fibrosis, in an etiology independent manner. (PMID:26592354)
• data on ex vivo derived liver tissue samples argue against an attenuating impact of IFNL3 rs4803217 or IFNL4 rs368234815 minor alleles on hepatic IFNL3 gene expression in vivo. (PMID:26606750)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Protein identifiers

Interferon lambda-4 — K9M1U5 (reviewed: K9M1U5)

All UniProt accessions (1): K9M1I6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Cytokine that may trigger an antiviral response activating the JAK-STAT pathway and up-regulating specifically some interferon-stimulated genes.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Secreted.

Induction. Up-regulated by polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (polyI:C) which mimics the double-stranded hepatitis C virus.

Polymorphism. A one-base insertion, introducing a frameshift at position 22, results in inactivation of the gene in a majority of the population. That polymorphism is a good marker for predicting spontaneous hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance and the response to treatment of chronic hepatitis C. The allele producing a functional protein able to induce an antiviral response and to prevent HCV replication in cell cultures, is less frequent in human populations and is associated with impaired spontaneous clearance of HCV.

Miscellaneous. Active form which is able to induce an antiviral response and prevent hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication in cell cultures. Inactive form. Inactive form unable to elicit an antiviral response. Inactive form unable to elicit an antiviral response.

Similarity. Belongs to the type-III (or lambda) interferon family.

Isoforms (4)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
K9M1U5-1	1, IFNL4, p179	yes
K9M1U5-2	2, p170
K9M1U5-3	3, p131
K9M1U5-4	4, p107

RefSeq proteins (0): (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR029177	INF_lambda	Family
IPR038326	IFN-lambda_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF15177

UniProt features (16 total): helix 6, disulfide bond 3, splice variant 3, signal peptide 1, chain 1, region of interest 1, sequence conflict 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
9BPU	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.26

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-K9M1U5-F1	77.09	0.26

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Disulfide bonds (3): 27–122, 62–152, 76–178

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 30 (showing top): GOBP_CELLULAR_RESPONSE_TO_VIRUS, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_PEPTIDE, GOBP_CELL_SURFACE_RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_PATHWAY_VIA_JAK_STAT, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_IMMUNE_RESPONSE, GOBP_DEFENSE_RESPONSE_TO_OTHER_ORGANISM, GOBP_DEFENSE_RESPONSE_TO_VIRUS, GOMF_CYTOKINE_ACTIVITY, GOMF_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_BINDING, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_VIRUS, GOMF_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_REGULATOR_ACTIVITY, GOBP_PEPTIDYL_TYROSINE_MODIFICATION, GOBP_CELL_SURFACE_RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_PATHWAY_VIA_STAT, BLANCO_MELO_COVID19_SARS_COV_2_INFECTION_CALU3_CELLS_UP, BLANCO_MELO_BRONCHIAL_EPITHELIAL_CELLS_INFLUENZA_A_DEL_NS1_INFECTION_UP, GOBP_PEPTIDYL_AMINO_ACID_MODIFICATION

GO Biological Process (6): tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein (GO:0007260), type III interferon-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0038196), innate immune response (GO:0045087), positive regulation of immune response (GO:0050778), defense response to virus (GO:0051607), cellular response to virus (GO:0098586)

GO Molecular Function (2): signaling receptor binding (GO:0005102), cytokine activity (GO:0005125)

GO Cellular Component (2): obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), cytoplasm (GO:0005737)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
immune response	2
response to virus	2
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	1
peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	1
cellular response to type III interferon	1
interferon-mediated signaling pathway	1
defense response to symbiont	1
positive regulation of immune system process	1
positive regulation of response to stimulus	1
regulation of immune response	1
defense response	1
protein binding	1
receptor ligand activity	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

0 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

IntAct

0 interactions, top by confidence:

BioGRID (1): RIOK2 (Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS))

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A140LIA7, A0A1B0GTL2, A2VDX9, A3FFS8, A6NCS6, A8MVW0, K9M1U5, O43541, P01588, P03971, P03972, P07321, P07865, P0C7N4, P0DPE3, P13725, P27106, P29676, P33707, P33708, P33709, P48617, P49000, P49157, P53346, P79295, Q02011, Q0Z956, Q16619, Q1HCM0, Q28513, Q29RM6, Q5BLP8, Q5S1V9, Q60753, Q63086, Q65Z15, Q6H8S9, Q6H8T0, Q6H8T1

Diamond homologs: B4ER10, K9M1U5, Q4VK74, Q8CGK6, Q8IU54, Q8IZI9, Q8IZJ0

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

0 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	0
Likely benign	0
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

579 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
19:39247852:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:39248427:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
19:39248428:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
19:39248428:CGTAG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
19:39247722:C:A	donor_gain	0.9900
19:39247847:CAGGA:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
19:39247848:AGGA:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
19:39247849:GGA:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
19:39247850:GA:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
19:39247850:GAC:G	acceptor_loss	0.9900
19:39247852:C:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
19:39247944:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9900
19:39248422:GACTT:G	donor_loss	0.9900
19:39248423:ACTTA:A	donor_loss	0.9900
19:39248424:CTTA:C	donor_loss	0.9900
19:39248425:TTACG:T	donor_loss	0.9900
19:39248426:TACG:T	donor_loss	0.9900
19:39248427:A:AG	donor_loss	0.9900
19:39248428:C:A	donor_loss	0.9900
19:39248432:G:C	donor_gain	0.9900
19:39247239:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.9800
19:39247706:A:AC	donor_gain	0.9800
19:39247707:C:CC	donor_gain	0.9800
19:39247707:CG:C	donor_gain	0.9800
19:39248428:CG:C	donor_gain	0.9800
19:39248428:CGT:C	donor_gain	0.9800
19:39248428:CGTA:C	donor_gain	0.9800
19:39248421:TGAC:T	donor_loss	0.9700
19:39248442:AGCG:A	donor_gain	0.9700
19:39247388:CCG:C	donor_gain	0.9600

AlphaMissense

0 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000085840 (19:39248277 T>C), RS1001485874 (19:39249500 T>C), RS1001585285 (19:39248316 G>A), RS1001953072 (19:39249462 T>C,G), RS1002384269 (19:39249178 A>G), RS1003426909 (19:39246228 C>T), RS1003660380 (19:39250355 G>A), RS1003888415 (19:39245982 A>G), RS1004129451 (19:39250073 G>T), RS1004348645 (19:39249106 G>A), RS1004683763 (19:39250257 C>T), RS1004936794 (19:39246689 T>C,G), RS1005397451 (19:39246328 G>A), RS1005887188 (19:39247655 G>A), RS1005945581 (19:39247570 C>A,G,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:615090 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

11 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002967_3	Mucinous ovarian carcinoma	7.000000e-13
GCST002967_6	Mucinous ovarian carcinoma	1.000000e-08
GCST005017_16	Hepatitis A	6.000000e-08
GCST007631_2	Hepatitis C (spontaneous viral clearance)	6.000000e-50
GCST007632_1	Hepatitis C (spontaneous viral clearance)	1.000000e-15
GCST007633_1	Hepatitis C (spontaneous viral clearance)	7.000000e-24
GCST007634_1	Hepatitis C (spontaneous viral clearance)	3.000000e-12
GCST009439_25	Age-related cognitive decline (language) (slope of z-scores)	6.000000e-06
GCST011878_7	Mitochondrial heteroplasmy measurement	6.000000e-13
GCST011999_13	Hepatitis C (spontaneous viral clearance)	5.000000e-21
GCST011999_5	Hepatitis C (spontaneous viral clearance)	4.000000e-25

EFO canonical traits (4, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0008415	susceptibility to hepatitis A infection measurement
EFO:0009785	remission
EFO:0007710	cognitive decline measurement
EFO:0600008	mitochondrial heteroplasmy measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

PharmGKB clinical annotations

21 annotations.

Variant	Type	Level	Drugs	Phenotypes
rs11322783	Efficacy	1B	peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs11322783	Efficacy	3	peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;simeprevir	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs11322783	Efficacy	3	direct acting antivirals	Sustained virological response (SVR)
rs11322783	Efficacy	3	sofosbuvir	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs117648444	Efficacy	3	peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs12979860	Efficacy	1A	peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;telaprevir	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs12979860	Efficacy	3	interferons	Hepatitis C virus infection
rs12979860	Efficacy	3	peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;simeprevir	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs12979860	Efficacy	3	daclatasvir;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs12979860	Efficacy	3	ledipasvir;sofosbuvir	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs12979860	Metabolism/PK	3	tenofovir	HIV infectious disease
rs12979860	Efficacy	1A	peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin	Hepatitis C virus infection
rs12979860	Efficacy	1A	boceprevir;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs12979860	Efficacy	3	deleobuvir;faldaprevir	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs12979860	Efficacy	3	ledipasvir;sofosbuvir	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection;Recurrence
rs12979860	Efficacy	3	sofosbuvir;velpatasvir;voxilaprevir	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs12979860	Efficacy	3	peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b	Myeloproliferative Disorder
rs12979860	Efficacy	3	peginterferon alfa-2a	Hepatitis B;Chronic
rs12979860	Efficacy	3	sofosbuvir	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection
rs8099917	Efficacy	3	ledipasvir;sofosbuvir	Chronic hepatitis C virus infection

PharmGKB variants

4 variants.

Variant	Genes	Level	Score	#Clin annots	Drugs
rs8099917	IFNL3, IFNL4	1B	93.25	4	interferons;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;telaprevir;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;simeprevir;ledipasvir;sofosbuvir
rs12979860	IFNL3, IFNL4	1A	350.50	15	boceprevir;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;telaprevir;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;simeprevir;ledipasvir;sofosbuvir;daclatasvir;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;sofosbuvir;velpatasvir;voxilaprevir;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;peginterferon alfa-2a;sofosbuvir
rs117648444	IFNL3, IFNL4	3	3.50	1	peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin
rs11322783	IFNL4	1B	65.00	4	sofosbuvir;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;simeprevir;peginterferon alfa-2a;peginterferon alfa-2b;ribavirin;direct acting antivirals

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.