IGFL1

Summary

IGFL1 (IGF like family member 1, HGNC:24093) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 19q13.32, encoding Insulin growth factor-like family member 1 (Q6UW32). Probable ligand of the IGFLR1 cell membrane receptor.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the insulin-like growth factor family of signaling molecules. The encoded protein is synthesized as a precursor protein and is proteolytically cleaved to form a secreted mature peptide. The mature peptide binds to a receptor, which in mouse was found on the cell surface of T cells. Increased expression of this gene may be linked to psoriasis.

Source: NCBI Gene 374918 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 1
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 29 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_198541

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:24093
Approved symbol	IGFL1
Name	IGF like family member 1
Location	19q13.32
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	UNQ644
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000188293
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	610544
Entrez	374918

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 2 protein_coding

ENST00000437936, ENST00000864434

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_198541 NM_198541

CCDS: CCDS46123

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000437936 — 4 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001367463	46230108	46230161
ENSE00001372971	46229742	46229799
ENSE00001384719	46230274	46230517
ENSE00001711739	46230821	46231243

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 78 present calls, max score 96.10.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 0.7274 / max 125.9344, expressed in 150 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
176535	0.7274	150

Top tissues by expression

220 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	96.10	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	87.78	gold quality
buccal mucosa cell	CL:0002336	86.42	gold quality
oral cavity	UBERON:0000167	83.70	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	81.24	silver quality
esophagus squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006920	80.17	gold quality
gingiva	UBERON:0001828	74.87	gold quality
gingival epithelium	UBERON:0001949	69.82	silver quality
body of tongue	UBERON:0011876	69.42	gold quality
pharyngeal mucosa	UBERON:0000355	68.69	gold quality
penis	UBERON:0000989	68.04	gold quality
tibialis anterior	UBERON:0001385	65.64	silver quality
tongue	UBERON:0001723	65.23	silver quality
kidney epithelium	UBERON:0004819	63.29	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	61.75	gold quality
ileal mucosa	UBERON:0000331	61.72	silver quality
vagina	UBERON:0000996	61.64	gold quality
esophagus	UBERON:0001043	60.82	gold quality
deltoid	UBERON:0001476	60.50	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	59.96	gold quality
zone of skin	UBERON:0000014	58.71	gold quality
pons	UBERON:0000988	58.39	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	56.25	gold quality
cardiac muscle of right atrium	UBERON:0003379	55.25	gold quality
quadriceps femoris	UBERON:0001377	54.62	gold quality
left ventricle myocardium	UBERON:0006566	54.23	gold quality
epithelial cell of pancreas	CL:0000083	53.77	gold quality
cardia of stomach	UBERON:0001162	53.56	gold quality
upper arm skin	UBERON:0004263	53.52	gold quality
vastus lateralis	UBERON:0001379	52.95	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.67

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

22 targeting IGFL1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-340-5P	100.00	72.50	4437
HSA-MIR-146A-5P	99.96	68.93	988
HSA-MIR-146B-5P	99.96	69.13	977
HSA-MIR-7153-5P	99.94	68.89	1006
HSA-MIR-4729	99.69	72.18	4233
HSA-MIR-548AV-5P	99.60	70.84	2107
HSA-MIR-548K	99.60	70.84	2107
HSA-MIR-12122	99.56	69.33	1672
HSA-MIR-143-3P	99.49	69.05	1457
HSA-MIR-4770	99.49	69.09	1451
HSA-MIR-8054	99.48	70.81	2084
HSA-MIR-142-5P	99.48	70.92	2416
HSA-MIR-5590-3P	99.48	70.91	2429
HSA-MIR-4795-5P	99.11	66.90	876
HSA-MIR-5197-3P	98.71	67.05	1905
HSA-MIR-198	98.70	67.32	920
HSA-MIR-6840-3P	98.68	65.95	1923
HSA-MIR-3179	98.22	65.90	1445
HSA-MIR-1285-5P	98.01	68.71	779
HSA-MIR-1914-5P	97.83	66.21	807
HSA-MIR-3187-3P	97.38	65.80	904
HSA-MIR-6772-3P	97.04	65.89	784

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 3)

• The -1245 A-allele of the IGF1 promoter single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with a small head size and less brain sparing in small for gestational age born subjects (PMID:19147602)
• Murine insulin growth factor-like (IGFL) and human IGFL1 proteins are induced in inflammatory skin conditions and bind to a novel tumor necrosis factor receptor family member, IGFLR1. (PMID:21454693)
• KLF5-induced lncRNA IGFL2-AS1 promotes basal-like breast cancer cell growth and survival by upregulating the expression of IGFL1. (PMID:34052325)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Paralogs (3): IGFL3 (ENSG00000188624), IGFL2 (ENSG00000204866), IGFL4 (ENSG00000204869)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Insulin growth factor-like family member 1 — Q6UW32 (reviewed: Q6UW32)

All UniProt accessions (1): Q6UW32

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Probable ligand of the IGFLR1 cell membrane receptor.

Subunit / interactions. Homodimer; disulfide-linked.

Subcellular location. Secreted.

Tissue specificity. Detected in ovary and spinal cord.

Similarity. Belongs to the IGFL family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_940943* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR032744	IGFL	Family

Pfam: PF14653

UniProt features (3 total): signal peptide 1, chain 1, glycosylation site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q6UW32-F1	81.97	0.40

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Glycosylation sites (1): 71

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 24 (showing top): RICKMAN_TUMOR_DIFFERENTIATED_WELL_VS_POORLY_DN, GOMF_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_BINDING, RICKMAN_HEAD_AND_NECK_CANCER_C, NAKAMURA_TUMOR_ZONE_PERIPHERAL_VS_CENTRAL_UP, LIN_SILENCED_BY_TUMOR_MICROENVIRONMENT, ZHANG_RESPONSE_TO_IKK_INHIBITOR_AND_TNF_UP, MIR4729, MIR5590_3P, MIR142_5P, MIR548AV_5P_MIR548K, MIR8054, BLANCO_MELO_BETA_INTERFERON_TREATED_BRONCHIAL_EPITHELIAL_CELLS_DN, MEBARKI_HCC_PROGENITOR_WNT_UP, MEBARKI_HCC_PROGENITOR_WNT_UP_CTNNB1_DEPENDENT, GSE26928_CENTR_MEMORY_VS_CXCR5_POS_CD4_TCELL_UP

GO Biological Process (0):

GO Molecular Function (2): signaling receptor binding (GO:0005102), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (2): obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), extracellular region (GO:0005576)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
protein binding	1
binding	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

344 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
IGFL1	IGFLR1	Q9H665	615
IGFL1	GPR15LG	Q6UWK7	469
IGFL1	KRTAP10-9	P60411	447
IGFL1	DIRC1	Q969H9	443
IGFL1	KRTAP10-3	P60369	419
IGFL1	KRTAP10-4	P60372	418
IGFL1	FAM53A	Q6NSI3	411
IGFL1	KRTAP10-11	P60412	403
IGFL1	EIF3C	Q99613	402
IGFL1	CLN3	Q13286	394
IGFL1	LYPD8	Q6UX82	387
IGFL1	PTGDR	Q13258	377
IGFL1	KRTAP10-5	P60370	375
IGFL1	TM4SF4	P48230	371
IGFL1	NKAIN1	Q4KMZ8	370

IntAct

14 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
IGFL1	IGFLR1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.620
IGFLR1	IGFL1	psi-mi:“MI:0403”(colocalization)	0.620
IGFLR1	IGFL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.620
HOXA1	IGFL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
POU4F2	IGFL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
IGFL1	IGFL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
IGFL1	COL6A1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
HOXA1	IGFL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
POU4F2	IGFL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (10): IGFL1 (Two-hybrid), IGFL1 (Two-hybrid), DPP9 (Affinity Capture-MS), FBLN1 (Affinity Capture-MS), NPTX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), COL6A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), GRN (Affinity Capture-MS), NPTX1 (Affinity Capture-MS), RFWD2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TMEM67 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A8M9PDM1, A0A8M9QN10, A1L3I3, A2AWH2, A2CI97, A2CI98, A4IFM1, A4IHZ3, A7E2V4, A7E305, B1AL88, B6CKP4, E7F211, F8W3R9, O55034, O94901, P35054, P51864, P86275, P98153, P98154, Q0VCT2, Q3UHH1, Q498C7, Q4KM46, Q4TUC0, Q58T08, Q5EB20, Q5HZE8, Q5RD34, Q5VUB5, Q6UW32, Q6V9Y8, Q7TNI2, Q7Z5A8, Q80ZA7, Q86VZ4, Q8CB67, Q8CCS2, Q8N0W7

Diamond homologs: Q6B9Z0, Q6B9Z1, Q6UW32, Q6UWQ7, Q6UXB1

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

29 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	25
Likely benign	2
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

315 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
19:46230272:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:46230272:AGT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:46230273:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:46230273:GT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:46230273:GTG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:46230107:GCT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
19:46230268:CTCCA:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
19:46230269:TCCA:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
19:46230270:CCAGT:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
19:46230271:CA:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
19:46230272:AGTG:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
19:46230273:GTGG:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
19:46230273:GTGGC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
19:46230274:T:TA	acceptor_gain	0.9900
19:46230514:GCAG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
19:46230517:GGTG:G	donor_loss	0.9900
19:46230519:T:A	donor_loss	0.9900
19:46230520:GA:G	donor_loss	0.9800
19:46230106:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9700
19:46230107:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.9700
19:46230518:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9700
19:46230103:CACAG:C	acceptor_loss	0.9600
19:46230105:CA:C	acceptor_loss	0.9600
19:46230106:AG:A	acceptor_loss	0.9600
19:46230275:G:A	acceptor_gain	0.9600
19:46230819:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9600
19:46230820:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.9600
19:46229795:CGTAG:C	donor_loss	0.9500
19:46229798:AGGT:A	donor_loss	0.9500
19:46229799:GGTAA:G	donor_loss	0.9500

AlphaMissense

722 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
19:46230414:T:C	F74L	0.957
19:46230416:C:A	F74L	0.957
19:46230416:C:G	F74L	0.957
19:46230415:T:G	F74C	0.951
19:46230354:T:A	C54S	0.945
19:46230355:G:C	C54S	0.945
19:46230356:T:G	C54W	0.928
19:46230423:T:C	C77R	0.917
19:46230425:C:G	C77W	0.915
19:46230355:G:A	C54Y	0.912
19:46230354:T:C	C54R	0.908
19:46230427:T:G	F78C	0.908
19:46230424:G:A	C77Y	0.907
19:46230430:A:T	E79V	0.907
19:46230435:T:A	C81S	0.907
19:46230436:G:C	C81S	0.907
19:46230321:T:A	C43S	0.901
19:46230322:G:C	C43S	0.901
19:46230423:T:A	C77S	0.898
19:46230424:G:C	C77S	0.898
19:46230357:T:A	C55S	0.891
19:46230358:G:C	C55S	0.891
19:46230399:T:A	C69S	0.889
19:46230400:G:C	C69S	0.889
19:46230438:T:A	C82S	0.883
19:46230439:G:C	C82S	0.883
19:46230403:G:T	G70V	0.882
19:46230437:C:G	C81W	0.880
19:46230435:T:C	C81R	0.877
19:46230438:T:C	C82R	0.874

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000169803 (19:46228000 T>C), RS1000469608 (19:46228380 C>T), RS1001080583 (19:46229455 T>A,C,G), RS1001407664 (19:46229188 GT>G), RS1003644862 (19:46231202 A>G), RS1003948404 (19:46228949 A>G), RS1004024663 (19:46231558 G>A), RS1005392444 (19:46230041 TA>T), RS1006030440 (19:46227761 G>A), RS1006484854 (19:46230270 C>G), RS1006774737 (19:46230475 A>G), RS1007579988 (19:46229487 A>C), RS1008680507 (19:46228565 A>G), RS1009991941 (19:46230552 A>T), RS1010505741 (19:46228238 A>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:610544 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST010243_240	Apolipoprotein B levels	6.000000e-10

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004615	apolipoprotein B measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

22 total (human), top 22 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
sodium arsenite	increases expression, decreases expression	2
Particulate Matter	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	2
tobacco tar	decreases expression, decreases reaction	1
potassium chromate(VI)	decreases expression	1
diallyl disulfide	decreases expression, decreases reaction	1
avobenzone	decreases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
abrine	increases expression	1
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Arsenic Trioxide	increases expression	1
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, increases methylation	1
Chromium	decreases expression	1
Latex	increases expression	1
Mustard Gas	increases expression	1
Nickel	increases expression	1
Plant Extracts	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	decreases expression	1
Valproic Acid	affects expression	1
Antirheumatic Agents	decreases expression	1
Lactic Acid	decreases expression	1
S-Nitrosoglutathione	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.