ISYNA1

Summary

ISYNA1 (inositol-3-phosphate synthase 1, HGNC:29821) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 19p13.11, encoding Inositol-3-phosphate synthase 1 (Q9NPH2). Key enzyme in myo-inositol biosynthesis pathway that catalyzes the conversion of glucose 6-phosphate to 1-myo-inositol 1-phosphate in a NAD-dependent manner.

This gene encodes an inositol-3-phosphate synthase enzyme. The encoded protein plays a critical role in the myo-inositol biosynthesis pathway by catalyzing the rate-limiting conversion of glucose 6-phosphate to myoinositol 1-phosphate. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 4.

Source: NCBI Gene 51477 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 3
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 93 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_016368

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:29821
Approved symbol	ISYNA1
Name	inositol-3-phosphate synthase 1
Location	19p13.11
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	Ino1, INOS, IPS
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000105655
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	611670
Entrez	51477

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 32 — 25 protein_coding, 4 retained_intron, 3 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000338128, ENST00000457269, ENST00000577820, ENST00000577916, ENST00000578352, ENST00000578963, ENST00000581672, ENST00000581800, ENST00000582287, ENST00000582770, ENST00000582811, ENST00000583309, ENST00000583534, ENST00000583816, ENST00000885772, ENST00000885773, ENST00000885774, ENST00000885775, ENST00000885776, ENST00000885777, ENST00000915490, ENST00000915491, ENST00000915492, ENST00000915493, ENST00000915494, ENST00000915495, ENST00000915496, ENST00000915497, ENST00000915498, ENST00000915499, ENST00000970148, ENST00000970149

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_016368 NM_001170938, NM_001253389, NM_016368

CCDS: CCDS12379, CCDS54234, CCDS62603

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000338128 — 11 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00002285239	18434388	18435117
ENSE00002321292	18438093	18438133
ENSE00003510249	18436973	18437105
ENSE00003584572	18437860	18437988
ENSE00003624446	18437599	18437760
ENSE00003695506	18436032	18436247
ENSE00003696504	18436684	18436877
ENSE00003696571	18435266	18435483
ENSE00003696941	18435563	18435676
ENSE00003698429	18435757	18435921
ENSE00003700558	18436330	18436479

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 263 present calls, max score 99.61.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 39.4757 / max 454.2426, expressed in 1525 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
180003	35.1594	1502
180004	3.9687	992
180002	0.2678	111
180005	0.0797	57

Top tissues by expression

283 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	99.61	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	99.58	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	99.56	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	98.28	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	97.81	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	97.78	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	97.35	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	97.14	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	97.01	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	96.91	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	96.91	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	96.84	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	96.77	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	96.57	gold quality
coronary artery	UBERON:0001621	96.44	gold quality
embryo	UBERON:0000922	96.35	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	96.00	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	95.97	gold quality
pituitary gland	UBERON:0000007	95.59	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	95.47	gold quality
ectocervix	UBERON:0012249	95.12	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	95.01	gold quality
adult organism	UBERON:0007023	95.00	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	94.98	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	94.69	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	94.58	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	94.54	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	94.51	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	94.29	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	94.27	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 7 experiment(s), a significant marker in 7.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-6701	yes	1281.38
E-HCAD-10	yes	1170.70
E-GEOD-134144	yes	32.31
E-MTAB-9067	yes	22.29
E-HCAD-11	yes	20.64
E-ANND-3	yes	11.96
E-CURD-112	yes	10.05

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): CTNNB1, E2F1, IER2, MYOG, SMARCA1, SNAI1, SSRP1, TBP

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

16 targeting ISYNA1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-627-3P	99.90	71.42	3316
HSA-MIR-4447	99.85	67.81	2900
HSA-MIR-6861-3P	99.60	68.46	444
HSA-MIR-4472	99.56	66.08	1478
HSA-MIR-642A-5P	99.51	65.10	1152
HSA-MIR-6727-3P	99.49	65.92	1333
HSA-MIR-4722-3P	99.35	65.22	1099
HSA-MIR-3199	99.17	65.19	696
HSA-MIR-8052	99.17	65.01	719
HSA-MIR-4292	99.16	65.57	1767
HSA-MIR-6791-5P	99.16	65.92	1844
HSA-MIR-328-5P	99.08	64.65	1000
HSA-MIR-6885-5P	98.71	64.33	902
HSA-MIR-4646-3P	98.65	66.98	693
HSA-MIR-4433B-5P	95.91	66.56	727
HSA-MIR-6889-5P	90.26	64.13	291

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 8)

• Upregulation occurs through the interaction of several low-affinity E2F binding motifs present in the minimal promoter. (PMID:15464731)
• MIP synthase expressed in developing fetal liver and shows optima pH between 7.0 and 7.5. (PMID:22707096)
• analysis of how myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase is regulated by phosphorylation (PMID:23902760)
• Abnormal expression of ISYNA1 may play an important role in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PMID:30861650)
• The ISYNA1 was an important regulatory factors and related networks were involved in multiple functional processes. (PMID:31495492)
• Musashi2 promotes the progression of pancreatic cancer through a novel ISYNA1-p21/ZEB-1 pathway. (PMID:32779876)
• Cigarette smoke induces the ROS accumulation and iNOS activation through deactivation of Nrf-2/SIRT3 axis to mediate the human bronchial epithelium ferroptosis. (PMID:36871899)
• The myo-inositol biosynthesis rate-limiting enzyme ISYNA1 suppresses the stemness of ovarian cancer via Notch1 pathway. (PMID:37105506)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Isyna1	ENSMUSG00000019139
rattus_norvegicus	Isyna1	ENSRNOG00000019741
drosophila_melanogaster	Inos	FBGN0025885
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00012148

Protein

Protein identifiers

Inositol-3-phosphate synthase 1 — Q9NPH2 (reviewed: Q9NPH2)

Alternative names: Myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase, Myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase A1

All UniProt accessions (8): Q9NPH2, A0A140VK73, J3KRH4, J3QKW9, J3QLD7, J3QRH1, J3QRY0, J3QS51

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Key enzyme in myo-inositol biosynthesis pathway that catalyzes the conversion of glucose 6-phosphate to 1-myo-inositol 1-phosphate in a NAD-dependent manner. Rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of all inositol-containing compounds.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm.

Tissue specificity. Highly expressed in testis, ovary, heart, placenta and pancreas. Weakly expressed in blood leukocyte, thymus, skeletal muscle and colon.

Post-translational modifications. Phosphorylation at Ser-279 and Ser-357 may be associated with a decrease in activity.

Activity regulation. Inhibited by mood-stabilizing drugs such as valproate (VPA) and lithium.

Induction. By glucose and lovastain. Up-regulation is prevented by mevalonic acid, farnesol, and geranylgeraniol. Up-regulated by E2F1.

Pathway. Polyol metabolism; myo-inositol biosynthesis; myo-inositol from D-glucose 6-phosphate: step 1/2.

Similarity. Belongs to the myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase family.

Isoforms (3)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9NPH2-1	1	yes
Q9NPH2-2	2
Q9NPH2-3	3

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001164409, NP_001240318, NP_057452* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002587	Myo-inos-1-P_Synthase	Family
IPR013021	Myo-inos-1-P_Synthase_GAPDH	Domain
IPR036291	NAD(P)-bd_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF01658, PF07994

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 5.5.1.4 — inositol-3-phosphate synthase (BRENDA: 80 organisms, 52 substrates, 121 inhibitors, 63 Km, 7 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

4 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 4. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
D-GLUCOSE 6-PHOSPHATE	0.12–76.34	31
GLUCOSE 6-PHOSPHATE	0.035–2.85	13
NAD+	0.0051–1.95	13
2-DEOXY-D-GLUCOSE 6-PHOSPHATE	1.15	1

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

• D-glucose 6-phosphate = 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate (RHEA:10716)

UniProt features (46 total): binding site 25, sequence conflict 12, mutagenesis site 3, modified residue 2, splice variant 2, chain 1, region of interest 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9NPH2-F1	92.23	0.88

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (25): 191; 228; 229; 230; 231; 278; 279; 303; 306; 337; 67; 338 …

Post-translational modifications (2): 279, 357

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (3):

Position	Phenotype
177	decreases activity.
279	decreases activity.
357	decreases activity.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

3 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-1855183	Synthesis of IP2, IP, and Ins in the cytosol
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism
R-HSA-1483249	Inositol phosphate metabolism

MSigDB gene sets: 192 (showing top): GOBP_PHOSPHOLIPID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, MODULE_255, GOBP_POLYOL_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_UP, MODULE_317, GOBP_ORGANOPHOSPHATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_ORGANOPHOSPHATE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_PHOSPHOLIPID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_SMALL_MOLECULE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, KIM_RESPONSE_TO_TSA_AND_DECITABINE_UP, SHETH_LIVER_CANCER_VS_TXNIP_LOSS_PAM3, MCLACHLAN_DENTAL_CARIES_DN, SMID_BREAST_CANCER_LUMINAL_B_UP, MORI_SMALL_PRE_BII_LYMPHOCYTE_DN, GOBP_INOSITOL_METABOLIC_PROCESS

GO Biological Process (3): inositol biosynthetic process (GO:0006021), phospholipid biosynthetic process (GO:0008654), lipid metabolic process (GO:0006629)

GO Molecular Function (3): inositol-3-phosphate synthase activity (GO:0004512), protein binding (GO:0005515), isomerase activity (GO:0016853)

GO Cellular Component (2): cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytosol (GO:0005829)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Inositol phosphate metabolism	1
Metabolism	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	2
inositol metabolic process	1
polyol biosynthetic process	1
phospholipid metabolic process	1
lipid biosynthetic process	1
organophosphate biosynthetic process	1
primary metabolic process	1
intramolecular lyase activity	1
binding	1
catalytic activity	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cytoplasm	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1782 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
ISYNA1	IMPA1	P29218	743
ISYNA1	CDIPT	O14735	724
ISYNA1	GTF2B	Q00403	707
ISYNA1	MIOX	Q9UGB7	702
ISYNA1	IMPA2	O14732	646
ISYNA1	KAT2A	Q92830	635
ISYNA1	SIK1	P57059	598
ISYNA1	KAT2B	Q92831	589
ISYNA1	IP6K1	Q92551	582
ISYNA1	INPP1	P49441	575
ISYNA1	HK1	P19367	569
ISYNA1	ATP1A1	P05023	561
ISYNA1	ATP1A4	Q13733	559
ISYNA1	IPMK	Q8NFU5	553
ISYNA1	CLC	Q05315	540

IntAct

49 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
TRAF4	ISYNA1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
ISYNA1	TRAF4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
CFTR	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.710
USE1	NBAS	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
ISYNA1	CYSRT1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
CYSRT1	ISYNA1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
POT1	ISYNA1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.510
DUSP14	ISYNA1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
HSPA8	PPP6C	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PRNP	WDR91	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TEX101	PSMD12	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
M		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CSAG1	NAP1L4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CSAG2	CAMK2D	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MAP2K2	IPO5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
IRAK1	ILVBL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MYLK	ACOT7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
STK32C	ILVBL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ULK4	NDUFA4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NRBP2	HAX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
RPS6KL1	GOLIM4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MAPT	SHTN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (83): ISYNA1 (Two-hybrid), ISYNA1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ISYNA1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ACAA2 (Co-fractionation), ALDOA (Co-fractionation), ARHGDIA (Co-fractionation), ECHS1 (Co-fractionation), ERN2 (Co-fractionation), HNRNPH2 (Co-fractionation), ISYNA1 (Co-fractionation), ISYNA1 (Co-fractionation), ISYNA1 (Co-fractionation), ISYNA1 (Co-fractionation), ISYNA1 (Co-fractionation), ISYNA1 (Co-fractionation)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0A2JW88, A0A2C9EVE6, A0A2K9M484, A2YH64, A8C7R6, B0RP37, B1MK49, F7J5X9, J9VYL3, M1WA44, O09345, O84716, P17598, P18123, P25890, P48351, P48352, P49315, P49316, P49317, P49319, P55037, P55038, P55305, P55307, P55311, P55313, P78574, Q01297, Q08262, Q0D9C4, Q21FJ6, Q4K423, Q4R6E3, Q4UYF2, Q5QQ46, Q6AYK3, Q6DAM0, Q6ZXC2, Q715L4

Diamond homologs: C0HM53, J9VYL3, O64437, O65195, O97477, P11986, P42800, P42801, P42802, P42803, Q2NL29, Q38862, Q40271, Q41107, Q4R6E3, Q54N49, Q5QQ46, Q6AYK3, Q6DDT1, Q6FQI1, Q7ZXY0, Q8A7J8, Q8I3Y8, Q8S5N2, Q96348, Q9FPK7, Q9FYV1, Q9JHU9, Q9LW96, Q9LX12, Q9NPH2, Q9S7U0, Q9SSV4

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
E2F1	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	ISYNA1	“transcriptional regulation”
ISYNA1	“up-regulates quantity”	“1D-myo-inositol 1-phosphate”	“chemical modification”

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

93 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	65
Likely benign	6
Benign	5

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1479 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
19:18435211:G:C	donor_gain	1.0000
19:18435215:AG:A	donor_gain	1.0000
19:18435216:G:C	donor_gain	1.0000
19:18435312:C:CT	donor_gain	1.0000
19:18435313:C:CT	donor_gain	1.0000
19:18435567:CA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
19:18435756:CG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
19:18435839:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
19:18435917:ATGGT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:18435918:TGGT:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:18435919:GGT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:18435920:GT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:18435921:TCTG:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:18435922:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:18435922:C:CG	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:18435923:T:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:18436028:GCACC:G	donor_loss	1.0000
19:18436029:CA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
19:18436073:TG:T	donor_gain	1.0000
19:18436243:CCGAG:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:18436244:CGAG:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:18436244:CGAGC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:18436245:GAG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:18436245:GAGC:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:18436246:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:18436247:GCTG:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:18436248:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:18436248:C:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:18436325:CCCA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
19:18436326:CCA:C	donor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

3620 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
19:18435481:G:C	D419E	0.999
19:18435481:G:T	D419E	0.999
19:18435482:T:A	D419V	0.999
19:18435482:T:G	D419A	0.999
19:18435483:C:G	D419H	0.999
19:18435638:C:A	K393N	0.999
19:18435638:C:G	K393N	0.999
19:18435343:C:A	K465N	0.998
19:18435343:C:G	K465N	0.998
19:18435482:T:C	D419G	0.998
19:18435841:C:A	K352N	0.998
19:18435841:C:G	K352N	0.998
19:18435886:G:C	N337K	0.998
19:18435886:G:T	N337K	0.998
19:18435890:C:A	G336V	0.998
19:18435898:G:C	N333K	0.998
19:18435898:G:T	N333K	0.998
19:18435904:A:C	S331R	0.998
19:18435904:A:T	S331R	0.998
19:18435906:T:G	S331R	0.998
19:18436092:C:A	K305N	0.998
19:18436092:C:G	K305N	0.998
19:18436098:G:C	D303E	0.998
19:18436098:G:T	D303E	0.998
19:18436099:T:A	D303V	0.998
19:18436099:T:G	D303A	0.998
19:18436875:A:G	W140R	0.998
19:18436875:A:T	W140R	0.998
19:18436071:C:A	K312N	0.997
19:18436071:C:G	K312N	0.997

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000104116 (19:18438462 T>TC), RS1000539586 (19:18438576 C>T), RS1001141260 (19:18437319 C>G,T), RS1001336449 (19:18439095 TG>T), RS1001719078 (19:18435826 G>T), RS1001880132 (19:18434001 C>A,G,T), RS1002340539 (19:18438127 A>G,T), RS1002787875 (19:18434452 C>G,T), RS1003125239 (19:18434621 G>A,C), RS1003258871 (19:18435019 G>A), RS1003959546 (19:18434105 T>C,G), RS1004385571 (19:18438387 T>TTACAAGAGG), RS1005037936 (19:18438642 G>A,T), RS1005090335 (19:18438355 C>A,T), RS1005648712 (19:18439340 G>A,C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:611670 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

3 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST001937_26	Breast cancer	5.000000e-15
GCST006979_750	Heel bone mineral density	1.000000e-15
GCST007511_22	Alzheimer’s disease (late onset)	2.000000e-06

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0009270	heel bone mineral density
EFO:1001870	late-onset Alzheimers disease

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

69 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases methylation, increases expression	5
Air Pollutants	affects expression, increases abundance, decreases expression, increases expression	4
Estradiol	affects expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	4
Aflatoxin B1	affects expression, decreases methylation, increases expression	4
sodium arsenite	affects binding, increases reaction, affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance (+1 more)	3
bisphenol A	affects expression, increases expression	2
Nickel	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Smoke	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	affects expression, decreases expression	2
Valproic Acid	increases expression, increases methylation	2
Cyclosporine	decreases expression	2
Particulate Matter	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
bisphenol F	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
2,4,6-tribromophenol	increases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
sodium arsenate	decreases expression	1
decabromobiphenyl ether	increases expression	1
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate	increases expression	1
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	1
manganese chloride	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
2,3-bis(3’-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
nickel sulfate	decreases expression	1
entinostat	increases expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
nutlin 3	affects cotreatment, increases secretion	1
2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether	increases expression	1
pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100	increases expression	1
hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153	increases expression	1
bisphenol S	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.