KAT14

gene
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Also known as CRP2BPdJ717M23.1PRO1194ATAC2

Summary

KAT14 (lysine acetyltransferase 14, HGNC:15904) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 20p11.23, encoding Cysteine-rich protein 2-binding protein (Q9H8E8). Component of the ATAC complex, a complex with histone acetyltransferase activity on histones H3 and H4.

CSRP2 is a protein containing two LIM domains, which are double zinc finger motifs found in proteins of diverse function. CSRP2 and some related proteins are thought to act as protein adapters, bridging two or more proteins to form a larger protein complex. The protein encoded by this gene binds to one of the LIM domains of CSRP2 and contains an acetyltransferase domain. Although the encoded protein has been detected in the cytoplasm, it is predominantly a nuclear protein. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described.

Source: NCBI Gene 57325 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • Gene–disease (curated): multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome (Limited, GenCC)
  • GWAS associations: 2
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 53 total — 2 likely-pathogenic
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_001392073

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:15904
Approved symbolKAT14
Namelysine acetyltransferase 14
Location20p11.23
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesCRP2BP, dJ717M23.1, PRO1194, ATAC2
Ensembl geneENSG00000149474
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM617501
Entrez57325

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 13 — 10 protein_coding, 3 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000377681, ENST00000435364, ENST00000464792, ENST00000489634, ENST00000676935, ENST00000676992, ENST00000677174, ENST00000677266, ENST00000677573, ENST00000677610, ENST00000678772, ENST00000678777, ENST00000688188

RefSeq mRNA: 15 — MANE Select: NM_001392073 NM_001384192, NM_001392069, NM_001392070, NM_001392071, NM_001392072, NM_001392073, NM_001392074, NM_001392075, NM_001392076, NM_001392077, NM_001392078, NM_001392079, NM_001392080, NM_001392081, NM_020536

CCDS: CCDS13133, CCDS93011

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000688188 — 11 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000008592801814523318145351
ENSE000008592841816237718162945
ENSE000008592851818171018181846
ENSE000008592861818312318183298
ENSE000008592871818460218184792
ENSE000014748441816182318162239
ENSE000017341231815908418159265
ENSE000018610021814220818142919
ENSE000035169231815082118150942
ENSE000039242461813786318138051
ENSE000039373641818728618188035

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 247 present calls, max score 91.22.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 2.1011 / max 76.3783, expressed in 1060 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (6 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
18367614.38141773
1836774.37061628
1836781.71821050
1836800.308830
1836810.058525
1836790.01579

Top tissues by expression

255 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
deltoidUBERON:000147691.22gold quality
kidney epitheliumUBERON:000481990.80silver quality
quadriceps femorisUBERON:000137790.51gold quality
vastus lateralisUBERON:000137990.42gold quality
upper arm skinUBERON:000426390.42gold quality
cardiac muscle of right atriumUBERON:000337990.16silver quality
primordial germ cell in gonadCL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:000099189.29gold quality
left ventricle myocardiumUBERON:000656689.21silver quality
skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachiiUBERON:000450288.55gold quality
skeletal muscle tissueUBERON:000113488.42gold quality
biceps brachiiUBERON:000150788.22gold quality
muscle tissueUBERON:000238588.01gold quality
tibialis anteriorUBERON:000138587.99silver quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testisCL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:000047387.11gold quality
muscle of legUBERON:000138386.91gold quality
gastrocnemiusUBERON:000138886.91gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscleUBERON:000425286.74gold quality
myocardiumUBERON:000234986.09silver quality
cortical plateUBERON:000534385.72gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominisUBERON:000451185.23gold quality
lateral globus pallidusUBERON:000247685.20gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamusUBERON:000273684.92gold quality
substantia nigra pars compactaUBERON:000196584.52gold quality
prefrontal cortexUBERON:000045184.40gold quality
jejunumUBERON:000211584.23gold quality
islet of LangerhansUBERON:000000684.13gold quality
ventricular zoneUBERON:000305383.78gold quality
superior frontal gyrusUBERON:000266183.72gold quality
ganglionic eminenceUBERON:000402383.66gold quality
postcentral gyrusUBERON:000258183.59gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3yes4.55

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

39 targeting KAT14, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-7110-3P100.0073.182486
HSA-MIR-19A-3P99.9875.332762
HSA-MIR-19B-3P99.9875.442754
HSA-MIR-545-3P99.9570.742783
HSA-MIR-515-5P99.9269.822343
HSA-MIR-519E-5P99.9269.622358
HSA-MIR-548AJ-5P99.7871.123085
HSA-MIR-548F-5P99.7871.023093
HSA-MIR-548G-5P99.7871.123085
HSA-MIR-548X-5P99.7871.123085
HSA-MIR-1213099.7565.47452
HSA-MIR-148A-3P99.7473.771700
HSA-MIR-148B-3P99.7473.751700
HSA-MIR-152-3P99.7473.751703
HSA-MIR-509399.6769.262291
HSA-MIR-4756-3P99.6266.301319
HSA-MIR-4677-3P99.4967.911246
HSA-MIR-208A-5P99.4270.831913
HSA-MIR-208B-5P99.4270.831952
HSA-MIR-5580-5P99.3866.961139
HSA-MIR-319999.1765.19696
HSA-MIR-805299.1765.01719
HSA-MIR-470599.1069.101091
HSA-MIR-6506-5P99.0465.661386
HSA-MIR-3190-5P98.8764.891345
HSA-MIR-34B-3P98.7067.401171
HSA-MIR-92A-1-5P98.2864.51631
HSA-MIR-6870-3P98.0865.10692
HSA-MIR-429497.8665.721110
HSA-MIR-146B-3P97.8365.29782

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 2)

  • Actin binds directly to the hATAC subunit KAT14, and modulates its histone acetyl transferase activity in vitro and in cells. (PMID:30890647)
  • Lysine acetyltransferase 14 mediates TGF-beta-induced fibrosis in ovarian endometrioma via co-operation with serum response factor. (PMID:38867256)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriokat14ENSDARG00000041708
mus_musculusKat14ENSMUSG00000027425
rattus_norvegicusKat14ENSRNOG00000007160
drosophila_melanogasterAtac2FBGN0032691

Protein

Protein identifiers

Cysteine-rich protein 2-binding proteinQ9H8E8 (reviewed: Q9H8E8)

Alternative names: ADA2A-containing complex subunit 2, CRP2-binding partner, Lysine acetyltransferase 14

All UniProt accessions (6): A0A075B6H4, A0A7I2V3N1, A0A7I2V456, Q9H8E8, A0A7I2V574, D6RAU4

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Component of the ATAC complex, a complex with histone acetyltransferase activity on histones H3 and H4. May function as a scaffold for the ATAC complex to promote ATAC complex stability. Has also weak histone acetyltransferase activity toward histone H4. Required for the normal progression through G1 and G2/M phases of the cell cycle.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with the LIM 1 domain of CSRP2. Component of the ADA2A-containing complex (ATAC), composed of CSRP2BP, KAT2A, TADA2L, TADA3L, ZZ3, MBIP, WDR5, YEATS2, CCDC101 and DR1. In the complex, it probably interacts directly with KAT2A, MBIP and WDR5.

Subcellular location. Nucleus. Cytoplasm.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, lung, placenta, brain, liver, pancreas and kidney. High expression in skeletal muscle and heart. Lower expression in lung.

Miscellaneous. May be due to an intron retention.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
Q9H8E8-11yes
Q9H8E8-22

RefSeq proteins (15): NP_001371121, NP_001378998, NP_001378999, NP_001379000, NP_001379001, NP_001379002, NP_001379003, NP_001379004, NP_001379005, NP_001379006, NP_001379007, NP_001379008, NP_001379009, NP_001379010, NP_065397 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR000182GNAT_domDomain
IPR016181Acyl_CoA_acyltransferaseHomologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00583

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

  • EC 2.3.1.48 — histone acetyltransferase (BRENDA: 41 organisms, 681 substrates, 1134 inhibitors, 140 Km, 96 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

27 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 15. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

SubstrateKm (mM)Measurements
ACETYL-COA0.0002–0.04651
HISTONE H30.007–2.0923
HISTONE H411
HISTONE H4 PEPTIDE0.0208–0.1977
HISTONE0.075–1.46
HISTONE H3 TAIL PEPTIDE0.044–0.1124
PICCOLONUA4 PEPTIDE0.135–0.3724
3-AZIDOPROPIONYL-COA0.0002–0.00863
4-PENTYNOYL-COA0.0009–0.08593
SPERMIDINE0.18–0.273
5-HEXYNOYL-COA0.0006–0.01172
6-HEPTYNOYL-COA0.0003–0.02372
HISTONE H3-PEPTIDE0.05–0.492
PROTEIN P531.28–4.632
3-AZIDOPROPANOYL-COA0.01031

UniProt features (22 total): modified residue 5, sequence variant 5, region of interest 4, compositionally biased region 4, chain 1, domain 1, splice variant 1, sequence conflict 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q9H8E8-F167.360.26

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (5): 4, 231, 285, 292, 416

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

2 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-3214847HATs acetylate histones
R-HSA-9772755Formation of WDR5-containing histone-modifying complexes

MSigDB gene sets: 137 (showing top): GOBP_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_DEACETYLATION, GOBP_MACROMOLECULE_DEACYLATION, WEI_MYCN_TARGETS_WITH_E_BOX, WANG_LMO4_TARGETS_DN, TGCTGAY_UNKNOWN, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_CYCLE, USF_01, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_DIVISION, ZHOU_INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE_LIVE_DN, IK2_01, GOBP_EMBRYO_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_EMBRYONIC_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_CHROMATIN_REMODELING, GOCC_SPINDLE, TGGAAA_NFAT_Q4_01

GO Biological Process (8): negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122), regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355), regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006357), regulation of embryonic development (GO:0045995), regulation of cell division (GO:0051302), regulation of cell cycle (GO:0051726), G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle (GO:0000086), chromatin remodeling (GO:0006338)

GO Molecular Function (4): histone acetyltransferase activity (GO:0004402), LIM domain binding (GO:0030274), protein binding (GO:0005515), acyltransferase activity, transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups (GO:0016747)

GO Cellular Component (5): nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), mitotic spindle (GO:0072686), ATAC complex (GO:0140672)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Chromatin modifying enzymes1
Epigenetic regulation by WDR5-containing histone modifying complexes1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
transcription by RNA polymerase II2
regulation of cellular process2
cellular anatomical structure2
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II1
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription1
DNA-templated transcription1
regulation of gene expression1
regulation of RNA biosynthetic process1
regulation of DNA-templated transcription1
embryo development1
regulation of multicellular organismal development1
cell division1
cell cycle1
mitotic cell cycle1
mitotic cell cycle phase transition1
cell cycle G2/M phase transition1
chromatin organization1
protein-lysine-acetyltransferase activity1
histone modifying activity1
protein domain specific binding1
binding1
acyltransferase activity1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1
nuclear lumen1
intracellular anatomical structure1
spindle1
SAGA-type complex1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

998 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
KAT14ZZZ3Q8IYH5898
KAT14YEATS2Q9ULM3821
KAT14KAT2BQ92831810
KAT14SGF29Q96ES7772
KAT14KAT2AQ92830771
KAT14TADA2BQ86TJ2691
KAT14TADA2AO75478668
KAT14DR1Q01658631
KAT14NAA20P61599584
KAT14TADA3O75528571
KAT14TAF6P49848524
KAT14ZNF250P15622500
KAT14TAF5Q15542485
KAT14TFIP11Q9UBB9467
KAT14SUPT20HQ8NEM7464

IntAct

106 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
PSMC3PSMD9psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.940
WDR5KMT2Dpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.910
KAT14MBIPpsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.860
MBIPKAT14psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.860
CDK8MED19psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)0.850
SGF29NDC80psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.840
TADA3TADA2Apsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.740
TRIM27KAT14psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.720
KAT14TRIM27psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.720
WDR5MEN1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.710
HSPB2BAG3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.670
PSMC3PSMD12psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
KAT14MBIPpsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
MBIPKAT14psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
KAT14SERTAD1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
TRIM54KAT14psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
CEP70KAT14psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
ZFYKAT14psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
DPPA4KAT14psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
MAGEA10POTEFpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
FHL2CNOT1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530

BioGRID (178): CSRP2BP (Two-hybrid), CSRP2BP (Two-hybrid), CSRP2BP (Affinity Capture-MS), HIST1H3A (Biochemical Activity), HIST1H4A (Biochemical Activity), CSRP2BP (Affinity Capture-MS), CSRP2BP (Affinity Capture-MS), CSRP2BP (Affinity Capture-MS), CSRP2BP (Affinity Capture-MS), CSRP2BP (Affinity Capture-MS), CSRP2BP (Affinity Capture-MS), CSRP2BP (Affinity Capture-MS), CSRP2BP (Affinity Capture-MS), CSRP2BP (Affinity Capture-MS), CSRP2BP (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A5F9C6I2, A1L3F5, A2BDA5, A3KGS3, A8E4X8, D3ZXK7, F1R7R1, O75129, P21359, P51593, P97526, Q04690, Q1JPG0, Q2PPJ7, Q3SZD5, Q4QQM5, Q4R5A4, Q5RC14, Q5XPI3, Q5XPI4, Q62717, Q66K64, Q6GLR7, Q6NXD8, Q6P4S8, Q6PFH3, Q6VNB8, Q7L4E1, Q7TMY8, Q7Z6Z7, Q80TJ1, Q86UW7, Q8BHR8, Q8BK03, Q8BYR5, Q8CDG3, Q8CF97, Q8CID0, Q8IY22, Q8IZQ1

Diamond homologs: O43189, Q02395, Q24459, Q5R7T9, Q5T6S3, Q8CID0, Q9CXG9, Q9H8E8, Q9Y483, Q9Z1B8, O60070, Q6IE82, Q7YZH1, Q7ZVP1, Q92613

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 110 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
Formation of WDR5-containing histone-modifying complexes1033.2×1e-10
Epigenetic regulation by WDR5-containing histone modifying complexes917.4×5e-07
Proteasome assembly512.8×3e-03
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression108.9×3e-05
HATs acetylate histones98.9×9e-05
Chromatin organization88.2×6e-04
MLL4 and MLL3 complexes regulate expression of PPARG target genes in adipogenesis and hepatic steatosis77.2×3e-03
Chromatin modifying enzymes87.2×1e-03

GO biological processes:

GO termPartnersFoldFDR
regulation of cell division750.6×2e-08
regulation of embryonic development928.1×2e-08
regulation of DNA repair513.0×3e-03
regulation of cell cycle117.7×2e-05

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

53 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic2
Uncertain significance19
Likely benign3
Benign1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (2)

Variant IDHGVSClassification
402155NM_001392073.1(KAT14):c.1396G>A (p.Glu466Lys)Likely pathogenic
981504NM_001164811.2(PET117):c.172C>T (p.Gln58Ter)Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

2234 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
20:18142202:TTTTA:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
20:18142203:TTTA:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
20:18142204:TTA:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
20:18142205:TA:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
20:18142206:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
20:18142206:AG:Aacceptor_loss1.0000
20:18142206:AGAG:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
20:18142207:G:GGacceptor_gain1.0000
20:18142207:GA:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
20:18142207:GAGG:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
20:18142207:GAGGC:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
20:18142916:GCCA:Gdonor_gain1.0000
20:18142920:G:GGdonor_gain1.0000
20:18150936:GGAA:Gdonor_gain1.0000
20:18183112:T:TAacceptor_gain1.0000
20:18184793:G:GGdonor_gain1.0000
20:18187284:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
20:18187285:G:GGacceptor_gain1.0000
20:18138047:AGCAG:Adonor_loss0.9900
20:18138048:GCAG:Gdonor_gain0.9900
20:18138049:CAGGT:Cdonor_loss0.9900
20:18138051:GGTC:Gdonor_loss0.9900
20:18138052:GTCG:Gdonor_loss0.9900
20:18138053:T:Gdonor_loss0.9900
20:18145348:GCAA:Gdonor_gain0.9900
20:18145352:G:GGdonor_gain0.9900
20:18150937:GAA:Gdonor_gain0.9900
20:18181708:A:AGacceptor_gain0.9900
20:18181709:G:GGacceptor_gain0.9900
20:18181843:TCAG:Tdonor_loss0.9900

AlphaMissense

0 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000048126 (20:18160791 A>C,G), RS1000079257 (20:18148966 A>G), RS1000126740 (20:18167635 T>A), RS1000150140 (20:18177897 A>T), RS1000153774 (20:18186533 A>G), RS1000172629 (20:18179658 C>T), RS1000229768 (20:18186274 G>A,T), RS1000266278 (20:18167192 G>T), RS1000286344 (20:18174961 G>A), RS1000327560 (20:18173686 A>T), RS1000376615 (20:18137270 T>A,C), RS1000407681 (20:18137489 G>C), RS1000585863 (20:18155921 A>G), RS1000683662 (20:18143684 A>G), RS1000778846 (20:18149156 G>A,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:617501 | disease phenotypes: MIM:619063

GenCC curated gene-disease

DiseaseClassificationInheritance
multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndromeLimitedAutosomal recessive

Mondo (2): mitochondrial complex IV deficiency, nuclear type 19 (MONDO:0033654), multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome (MONDO:0019042)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST000873_2Anorexia nervosa2.000000e-06
GCST008170_4Thyroglobulin plasma levels3.000000e-06

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0010050thyroglobulin measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

48 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
bisphenol Aaffects cotreatment, increases expression3
sodium arsenitedecreases expression3
Hydrogen Peroxideaffects expression, increases expression2
Cyclosporinedecreases expression2
aristolochic acid Iincreases expression1
FR900359increases phosphorylation1
methylmercuric chloridedecreases expression1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
pirinixic acidincreases expression, affects binding, increases activity1
beta-lapachonedecreases expression, increases expression1
arseniteincreases methylation1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphatedecreases expression1
ochratoxin Adecreases expression1
potassium chromate(VI)affects cotreatment, decreases expression1
ferrous chloridedecreases expression1
nickel sulfatedecreases expression1
epigallocatechin gallateaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
di-n-butylphosphoric acidaffects expression1
CGP 52608affects binding, increases reaction1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamideaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
abrinedecreases expression1
dorsomorphinaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
jinfukangaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Temozolomideincreases expression1
Acetaminophendecreases expression1
Benzo(a)pyrenedecreases expression1
Cisplatinaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Dexamethasoneaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Succimeraffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Dimethyl Sulfoxideincreases expression1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.