KAZN

Summary

KAZN (kazrin, periplakin interacting protein, HGNC:29173) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1p36.21, encoding Kazrin (Q674X7). Component of the cornified envelope of keratinocytes.

This gene encodes a protein that plays a role in desmosome assembly, cell adhesion, cytoskeletal organization, and epidermal differentiation. This protein co-localizes with desmoplakin and the cytolinker protein periplakin. In general, this protein localizes to the nucleus, desmosomes, cell membrane, and cortical actin-based structures. Some isoforms of this protein also associate with microtubules. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. Additional splice variants have been described but their biological validity has not been verified.

Source: NCBI Gene 23254 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 20
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 137 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_201628

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:29173
Approved symbol	KAZN
Name	kazrin, periplakin interacting protein
Location	1p36.21
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	KIAA1026, KAZRIN, FLJ43806
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000189337
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	618301
Entrez	23254

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 9 — 8 protein_coding, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000361144, ENST00000376028, ENST00000376030, ENST00000400797, ENST00000400798, ENST00000491547, ENST00000503743, ENST00000636203, ENST00000636564

RefSeq mRNA: 8 — MANE Select: NM_201628 NM_001017999, NM_001018000, NM_001018001, NM_001370229, NM_001370230, NM_001370231, NM_015209, NM_201628

CCDS: CCDS152, CCDS30604, CCDS41267, CCDS41268

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000376030 — 15 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001547274	15114471	15118043
ENSE00001651536	15060172	15060302
ENSE00001666438	15094180	15094385
ENSE00001679250	15065630	15065753
ENSE00001720677	15094815	15094933
ENSE00001727729	15063572	15063622
ENSE00001766628	15101543	15101774
ENSE00003028566	15112427	15112541
ENSE00003153069	15103359	15103460
ENSE00003182157	15104023	15104189
ENSE00003462389	14960684	14960875
ENSE00003536210	15034749	15034885
ENSE00003586727	14598685	14599223
ENSE00003627502	15056091	15056280
ENSE00003693501	15043989	15044159

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 277 present calls, max score 98.91.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 13.3103 / max 244.9347, expressed in 1440 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (9 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
807	7.7708	1394
788	2.8036	606
790	1.4655	448
777	0.6690	189
789	0.3248	195
778	0.1112	61
810	0.1059	47
779	0.0436	24
808	0.0159	6

Top tissues by expression

292 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
cerebellar vermis	UBERON:0004720	98.91	gold quality
inferior vagus X ganglion	UBERON:0005363	98.18	gold quality
esophagus squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006920	98.15	gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulata	UBERON:0001966	98.10	gold quality
cervix squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006922	98.06	gold quality
paraflocculus	UBERON:0005351	97.85	gold quality
tongue squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006919	97.72	gold quality
squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006914	97.50	gold quality
renal medulla	UBERON:0000362	97.45	gold quality
lateral globus pallidus	UBERON:0002476	97.45	gold quality
substantia nigra pars compacta	UBERON:0001965	97.29	gold quality
epithelium of esophagus	UBERON:0001976	97.26	gold quality
subthalamic nucleus	UBERON:0001906	97.24	gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamus	UBERON:0002736	96.96	gold quality
pharyngeal mucosa	UBERON:0000355	96.79	gold quality
ventral tegmental area	UBERON:0002691	96.78	gold quality
parietal lobe	UBERON:0001872	96.59	gold quality
medulla oblongata	UBERON:0001896	96.58	gold quality
postcentral gyrus	UBERON:0002581	96.45	gold quality
dorsal plus ventral thalamus	UBERON:0001897	96.32	gold quality
middle frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002702	96.32	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	96.16	gold quality
nipple	UBERON:0002030	96.08	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 46	UBERON:0006483	96.05	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	95.98	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	95.94	gold quality
caput epididymis	UBERON:0004358	95.90	gold quality
inferior olivary complex	UBERON:0002127	95.89	gold quality
mammalian vulva	UBERON:0000997	95.88	gold quality
superior vestibular nucleus	UBERON:0007227	95.82	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 9 experiment(s), a significant marker in 8.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-HCAD-35	yes	8366.34
E-HCAD-25	yes	4036.26
E-GEOD-180759	yes	3405.74
E-HCAD-30	yes	3100.02
E-CURD-119	yes	2341.87
E-MTAB-10018	yes	237.88
E-HCAD-5	yes	47.69
E-ANND-3	yes	8.32
E-GEOD-131882	no	2638.02

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

78 targeting KAZN, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-12118	100.00	65.88	1270
HSA-MIR-3646	100.00	73.56	5283
HSA-MIR-196A-1-3P	99.99	72.15	2772
HSA-MIR-186-5P	99.99	70.83	3707
HSA-MIR-3173-3P	99.98	66.49	1217
HSA-MIR-6891-5P	99.98	66.53	1372
HSA-MIR-520D-5P	99.98	73.34	4883
HSA-MIR-524-5P	99.98	73.43	4882
HSA-MIR-19A-3P	99.98	75.33	2762
HSA-MIR-19B-3P	99.98	75.44	2754
HSA-MIR-6825-5P	99.96	69.81	3431
HSA-MIR-141-3P	99.94	72.79	2421
HSA-MIR-200A-3P	99.94	72.68	2420
HSA-MIR-651-3P	99.94	73.48	5177
HSA-MIR-9718	99.94	68.91	918
HSA-MIR-335-3P	99.93	73.36	4958
HSA-MIR-6721-5P	99.93	68.92	2981
HSA-MIR-1297	99.91	73.41	3162
HSA-MIR-6809-3P	99.91	71.45	3814
HSA-MIR-380-3P	99.89	70.18	1978
HSA-MIR-548AR-3P	99.85	71.26	3889
HSA-MIR-765	99.84	68.24	2442
HSA-MIR-548AZ-3P	99.82	70.56	3549
HSA-MIR-548BC	99.82	70.61	3524
HSA-MIR-548E-3P	99.82	70.59	3514
HSA-MIR-548F-3P	99.82	70.59	3540
HSA-MIR-6756-5P	99.82	67.97	2466
HSA-MIR-4760-5P	99.80	69.88	1619
HSA-MIR-4668-5P	99.79	70.58	3782
HSA-MIR-26A-5P	99.78	73.52	2303

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 6)

• Kazrin colocalizes with periplakin and desmoplakin at desmosomes and with periplakin at the interdesmosomal plasma membrane, but its subcellular distribution is independent of periplakin [kazrin] (PMID:15337775)
• kazrin is a dual regulator of intercellular adhesion and differentiation in keratinocytes and regulates these processes by Rho-dependent and -independent mechanisms (PMID:18840647)
• These results suggested that Kazrin F might play an important role in regulating cellular apoptosis by interacting with ARC and Bax. (PMID:19727525)
• kazrinE is a kazrin isoform with a liprin-homology domain(LHD), and associates with stabilised microtubules via its LHD. Overexpressed kazrinE in epidermal keratinocytes induces changes in cell shape and stimulates terminal differentiation. (PMID:19843585)
• exons 5-15 of kazrin, encoding the nuclear localization signal and C-terminal domain, are not required for epidermal development and function (PMID:22513779)
• KAZN as a diagnostic marker in ovarian cancer: a comprehensive analysis based on microarray, mRNA-sequencing, and methylation data. (PMID:35710397)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	kaznb	ENSDARG00000006601
danio_rerio	kazna	ENSDARG00000076923
mus_musculus	Kazn	ENSMUSG00000040606
rattus_norvegicus	Kazn	ENSRNOG00000014322
drosophila_melanogaster	Liprin-gamma	FBGN0034720

Protein

Protein identifiers

Kazrin — Q674X7 (reviewed: Q674X7)

All UniProt accessions (4): A0A1B0GTU0, A0A1B0GWK2, B0QYQ6, Q674X7

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Component of the cornified envelope of keratinocytes. May be involved in the interplay between adherens junctions and desmosomes. The function in the nucleus is not known.

Subunit / interactions. Isoform 2, isoform 3 and isoform 4 interact with PPL N-terminus.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton Cytoplasm. Cell junction. Desmosome. Nucleus Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

Tissue specificity. Isoform 2, isoform 3 and isoform 4 are expressed in several cell lines including keratinocytes and bladder and epidermoid carcinoma (at protein level). Isoform 2, isoform 3 and isoform 4 are expressed in hair follicle and interfollicular epidermis (at protein level).

Similarity. Belongs to the kazrin family.

Isoforms (5)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q674X7-1	1	yes
Q674X7-2	2, A
Q674X7-3	3, B
Q674X7-4	4, C, D
Q674X7-5	5

RefSeq proteins (8): NP_001017999, NP_001018000, NP_001018001, NP_001357158, NP_001357159, NP_001357160, NP_056024, NP_963922* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001660	SAM	Domain
IPR013761	SAM/pointed_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR037613	Kazrin_SAM_rpt_1	Domain
IPR037614	Kazrin	Family
IPR037615	Kazrin_SAM_rpt_2	Domain
IPR037616	Kazrin_SAM_rpt_3	Domain
IPR059089	Kazrin_N	Domain

Pfam: PF00536, PF07647, PF25986

UniProt features (25 total): splice variant 6, region of interest 5, domain 3, compositionally biased region 3, modified residue 3, sequence variant 2, chain 1, sequence conflict 1, coiled-coil region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q674X7-F1	71.09	0.46

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (3): 352, 367, 387

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

3 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-6809371	Formation of the cornified envelope
R-HSA-1266738	Developmental Biology
R-HSA-6805567	Keratinization

MSigDB gene sets: 164 (showing top): GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, MOOTHA_GLYCOGEN_METABOLISM, MORF_MSH3, MORF_BRCA1, KAAB_HEART_ATRIUM_VS_VENTRICLE_UP, MORF_ATRX, MITSIADES_RESPONSE_TO_APLIDIN_DN, GOBP_EPIDERMAL_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, LI_WILMS_TUMOR_VS_FETAL_KIDNEY_1_UP, ZIC1_01, SCHAEFFER_PROSTATE_DEVELOPMENT_48HR_DN, GOBP_EPIDERMIS_DEVELOPMENT, MASSARWEH_RESPONSE_TO_ESTRADIOL, GOBP_KERATINIZATION, GOCC_CELL_CELL_JUNCTION

GO Biological Process (1): keratinization (GO:0031424)

GO Molecular Function (1): protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (9): cornified envelope (GO:0001533), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), cytosol (GO:0005829), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), nuclear speck (GO:0016607), desmosome (GO:0030057), nucleus (GO:0005634), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), anchoring junction (GO:0070161)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Keratinization	1
Developmental Biology	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	3
keratinocyte differentiation	1
multicellular organismal process	1
binding	1
plasma membrane	1
nuclear lumen	1
cytoplasm	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
nuclear ribonucleoprotein granule	1
cell-cell junction	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cell junction	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

612 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
KAZN	PPL	O60437	748
KAZN	ARHGAP5	Q13017	569
KAZN	ZNF813	Q6ZN06	477
KAZN	FAM110D	Q8TAY7	444
KAZN	ANKRD61	A6NGH8	426
KAZN	ELAVL1	Q15717	426
KAZN	EVPL	Q92817	423
KAZN	ZDHHC14	Q8IZN3	416
KAZN	EIF4G1	Q04637	410
KAZN	ARVCF	O00192	400
KAZN	SH3RF3	Q8TEJ3	381
KAZN	SMTNL2	Q2TAL5	378
KAZN	CHST11	Q9NPF2	363
KAZN	STAMBPL1	Q96FJ0	354
KAZN	RIMS2	Q9UQ26	353

IntAct

14 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
LZTS2	KAZN	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
KAZN	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
KAZN	FXR1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.510
KAZN	TSC1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.510
KAZN	PLEC	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
KAZN	NS1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
ECE1	KAZN	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
ARHGAP5	KAZN	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
KAZN	INPPL1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
COIL	KAZN	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (52): LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), KAZN (Affinity Capture-RNA), KAZN (Affinity Capture-MS), PPL (Reconstituted Complex), KAZN (Affinity Capture-Western), KAZN (Affinity Capture-MS), KAZN (Two-hybrid), KAZN (Two-hybrid), KAZN (Two-hybrid), KAZN (Two-hybrid), KAZN (Two-hybrid), KAZN (Two-hybrid), KAZN (Two-hybrid), KAZN (Two-hybrid), KAZN (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0JNT9, A0JPP8, A1X157, O15169, O75145, O75335, P39880, P60469, Q07DZ5, Q08CF3, Q08E13, Q09YM8, Q2M1P5, Q2QLG9, Q2VUH7, Q32PN7, Q3TMW1, Q3UHC7, Q3UIL6, Q3UIW5, Q3UJV1, Q5DU25, Q5FWS6, Q5JU85, Q5PRF9, Q5XI59, Q5ZJ07, Q674X7, Q68UI8, Q69ZS8, Q6IPM2, Q6NZT2, Q6P402, Q6P730, Q6ZP65, Q80XS6, Q80Y83, Q8JZP9, Q8K1S6, Q8R4R9

Diamond homologs: A9C3W3, O35711, O75145, O75334, O75335, P60469, Q13136, Q21049, Q5FWS6, Q674X7, Q69ZS8, Q86W92, Q8BSS9, Q8C8U0, Q8ND30, Q91Z79, Q91Z80, Q94071

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

137 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	112
Likely benign	2
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

542 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
1:14599220:CAAGG:C	donor_loss	0.9900
1:14599221:AAG:A	donor_loss	0.9900
1:14599222:AGGT:A	donor_loss	0.9900
1:14599223:GGT:G	donor_loss	0.9900
1:14599224:GT:G	donor_loss	0.9900
1:14599225:T:A	donor_loss	0.9900
1:14623738:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9700
1:14598845:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9500
1:14598842:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9200
1:14599286:G:GA	donor_gain	0.8700
1:14599224:G:GG	donor_gain	0.8600
1:14602015:A:G	acceptor_gain	0.8600
1:14607556:GA:G	acceptor_gain	0.8600
1:14599061:G:GT	donor_gain	0.8500
1:14602028:A:G	acceptor_gain	0.8500
1:14598864:C:G	donor_gain	0.8300
1:14611363:TAGA:T	donor_gain	0.8200
1:14611364:AGAA:A	donor_gain	0.8200
1:14623737:T:G	donor_gain	0.8200
1:14615266:A:T	donor_gain	0.8000
1:14623741:T:A	donor_gain	0.8000
1:14599219:GCAAG:G	donor_gain	0.7900
1:14599281:G:GT	donor_gain	0.7900
1:14599804:G:GT	donor_gain	0.7900
1:14599285:T:TA	donor_gain	0.7700
1:14601545:A:AA	donor_gain	0.7700
1:14602027:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.7700
1:14608950:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.7500
1:14602014:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.7400
1:14601544:T:TA	acceptor_gain	0.7200

AlphaMissense

5072 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
1:14599074:T:C	L26P	1.000
1:14599086:T:C	L30P	1.000
1:15034794:T:C	L155P	1.000
1:15034815:T:C	L162P	1.000
1:15034827:T:C	L166P	1.000
1:15034848:T:A	L173H	1.000
1:15034848:T:C	L173P	1.000
1:15034851:G:C	R174P	1.000
1:15034856:T:C	F176L	1.000
1:15034857:T:C	F176S	1.000
1:15034857:T:G	F176C	1.000
1:15034858:C:A	F176L	1.000
1:15034858:C:G	F176L	1.000
1:15034860:T:A	I177N	1.000
1:15034863:G:C	R178P	1.000
1:15044140:T:C	L236P	1.000
1:15044152:T:C	L240P	1.000
1:15094293:T:A	W446R	1.000
1:15094293:T:C	W446R	1.000
1:15094309:T:A	V451D	1.000
1:15094317:T:A	W454R	1.000
1:15094317:T:C	W454R	1.000
1:15094380:G:T	G475W	1.000
1:15094381:G:A	G475E	1.000
1:15094888:T:C	L501P	1.000
1:15101589:T:A	W532R	1.000
1:15101589:T:C	W532R	1.000
1:15101650:G:A	G552E	1.000
1:15101724:A:C	S577R	1.000
1:15101726:C:A	S577R	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000001536 (1:14879948 A>G), RS1000001765 (1:14498689 C>T), RS1000005974 (1:14666155 C>T), RS1000008911 (1:14660499 C>A), RS1000010694 (1:13977761 A>G), RS1000010960 (1:14580490 A>G), RS1000015440 (1:15015896 C>T), RS1000018167 (1:14158714 G>C), RS1000023592 (1:14165066 C>T), RS1000026351 (1:14826292 T>A,G), RS1000027198 (1:14286950 A>G), RS1000028915 (1:14737727 C>A,T), RS1000029872 (1:14985531 AAAAT>A), RS1000031524 (1:14110238 T>C), RS1000032441 (1:14320934 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:618301 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

20 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002927_10	Mercury levels	8.000000e-06
GCST002938_23	Copper levels	3.000000e-06
GCST003059_1	Parkinson’s disease	1.000000e-06
GCST003074_1	Cerebral amyloid deposition in APOEe4 non-carriers (PET imaging)	2.000000e-07
GCST003812_3	Non-response to antidepressants and depression	1.000000e-06
GCST004720_10	Conotruncal heart defects (inherited effects)	7.000000e-06
GCST006995_1	Logical memory (delayed recall) in Alzheimer’s disease dementia	5.000000e-07
GCST007576_106	Chronotype	2.000000e-11
GCST008152_61	Weight	2.000000e-06
GCST008153_4	Lean body mass	5.000000e-06
GCST008158_139	Body mass index	7.000000e-06
GCST008179_8	Moderate-to-late spontaneous preterm birth	5.000000e-06
GCST008792_1	Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in diabetes	4.000000e-08
GCST008922_3	Triacylglyceride levels	4.000000e-08
GCST010570_1	Polycystic ovary syndrome (reproductive subtype)	2.000000e-10
GCST011743_11	HDL cholesterol levels in HIV infection	1.000000e-05
GCST012125_4	Chronic pain	9.000000e-07
GCST012310_13	Schizophrenia x sex interaction	3.000000e-06
GCST012311_21	Schizophrenia x sex interaction	3.000000e-06
GCST012490_377	Femur bone mineral density x serum urate levels interaction	3.000000e-08

EFO canonical traits (12, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007707	cerebral amyloid deposition measurement
EFO:0004874	memory performance
EFO:0008328	chronotype measurement
EFO:0004338	body weight
EFO:0004995	lean body mass
EFO:0004340	body mass index
EFO:0006917	spontaneous preterm birth
EFO:0007778	urinary albumin to creatinine ratio
EFO:0004530	triglyceride measurement
EFO:0004612	high density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement
EFO:0008343	sex interaction measurement
EFO:0004531	urate measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

56 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Estradiol	affects binding, increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	5
bisphenol A	increases methylation, decreases expression, increases expression, affects cotreatment	4
sodium arsenite	increases expression, affects methylation, decreases expression	4
Valproic Acid	increases expression	3
Vehicle Emissions	increases expression, decreases expression, decreases reaction, increases abundance	2
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases methylation	2
Aflatoxin B1	affects methylation, increases methylation	2
Particulate Matter	decreases expression, decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	decreases expression	1
FR900359	affects phosphorylation	1
dicrotophos	increases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
uranyl acetate	affects expression	1
propionaldehyde	increases expression	1
trichostatin A	increases expression	1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate	increases expression	1
butyraldehyde	increases expression	1
perfluorooctanoic acid	increases expression	1
benzo(e)pyrene	affects methylation	1
potassium chromate(VI)	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
aflatoxin B2	increases methylation	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects response to substance, increases expression	1
N,N,N’,N’-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine	decreases expression	1
epigallocatechin gallate	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	decreases expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
2-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (2-methyl-4-o-tolylazophenyl)amide	decreases expression, decreases reaction	1
bisphenol S	decreases methylation	1
Fulvestrant	affects cotreatment, increases methylation	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.