KCNC1

gene
On this page

Also known as Kv3.1

Summary

KCNC1 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 1, HGNC:6233) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 11p15.1, encoding Voltage-gated potassium channel KCNC1 (P48547). Voltage-gated potassium channel that opens in response to the voltage difference across the membrane and through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient.

This gene encodes a member of a family of integral membrane proteins that mediate the voltage-dependent potassium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Alternative splicing is thought to result in two transcript variants encoding isoforms that differ at their C-termini. These isoforms have had conflicting names in the literature: the longer isoform has been called both “b” and “alpha”, while the shorter isoform has been called both “a” and “beta” (PMIDs 1432046, 12091563).

Source: NCBI Gene 3746 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • Gene–disease (curated): progressive myoclonus epilepsy (Definitive, ClinGen) — +2 more curated relationships
  • GWAS associations: 4
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 538 total — 1 pathogenic, 11 likely-pathogenic
  • Phenotypes (HPO): 12
  • Druggable target: yes
  • Dosage sensitivity (ClinGen): haploinsufficiency little evidence, triplosensitivity no evidence
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_001112741

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:6233
Approved symbolKCNC1
Namepotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 1
Location11p15.1
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesKv3.1
Ensembl geneENSG00000129159
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM176258
Entrez3746

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 14 — 8 protein_coding, 3 retained_intron, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000265969, ENST00000379472, ENST00000525802, ENST00000526029, ENST00000638366, ENST00000638395, ENST00000638825, ENST00000639325, ENST00000639495, ENST00000640153, ENST00000640318, ENST00000640461, ENST00000640909, ENST00000675775

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_001112741 NM_001112741, NM_004976

CCDS: CCDS44547, CCDS7827

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000265969 — 4 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000008865311777166517772598
ENSE000017346801777945617779644
ENSE000021527941778167017783057
ENSE000021869751773478117736572

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 186 present calls, max score 98.51.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 4.5028 / max 780.1675, expressed in 267 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (5 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
1132904.3772262
1132890.043233
2062030.042128
2062020.032721
1132920.00773

Top tissues by expression

286 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
right hemisphere of cerebellumUBERON:001489098.51gold quality
cerebellar hemisphereUBERON:000224598.47gold quality
cerebellar cortexUBERON:000212998.43gold quality
cerebellumUBERON:000203797.79gold quality
primary visual cortexUBERON:000243693.78gold quality
cerebellar vermisUBERON:000472092.78gold quality
right frontal lobeUBERON:000281092.16gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9UBERON:001354091.80gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortexUBERON:000983491.23gold quality
prefrontal cortexUBERON:000045190.98gold quality
occipital lobeUBERON:000202190.18gold quality
frontal cortexUBERON:000187089.53gold quality
neocortexUBERON:000195089.22gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23UBERON:001355488.79gold quality
cingulate cortexUBERON:000302788.61gold quality
anterior cingulate cortexUBERON:000983588.47gold quality
postcentral gyrusUBERON:000258188.06gold quality
cerebral cortexUBERON:000095688.03gold quality
middle temporal gyrusUBERON:000277187.75gold quality
parietal lobeUBERON:000187287.17gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamusUBERON:000273687.10gold quality
superior frontal gyrusUBERON:000266186.73gold quality
entorhinal cortexUBERON:000272886.38gold quality
type B pancreatic cellCL:000016986.12gold quality
olfactory bulbUBERON:000226485.67gold quality
telencephalonUBERON:000189385.50gold quality
brainUBERON:000095584.64gold quality
cortical plateUBERON:000534384.36gold quality
central nervous systemUBERON:000101784.24gold quality
hypothalamusUBERON:000189883.77gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-GEOD-137537yes9.87
E-ANND-3yes4.50

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): CREB1, NFATC3

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

203 targeting KCNC1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-6127100.0066.762188
HSA-MIR-6129100.0066.462080
HSA-MIR-4510100.0066.602050
HSA-MIR-6130100.0066.692012
HSA-MIR-6133100.0066.482064
HSA-MIR-4425100.0067.591049
HSA-MIR-6798-5P100.0065.77699
HSA-MIR-4747-5P100.0067.902681
HSA-MIR-5196-5P100.0067.982761
HSA-MIR-450099.9972.722367
HSA-LET-7A-5P99.9872.291790
HSA-LET-7B-5P99.9872.311790
HSA-LET-7C-5P99.9872.291790
HSA-LET-7E-5P99.9872.291790
HSA-LET-7F-5P99.9872.561784
HSA-LET-7G-5P99.9872.371784
HSA-LET-7I-5P99.9872.371788
HSA-MIR-98-5P99.9872.331787
HSA-MIR-6778-3P99.9667.292693
HSA-MIR-6825-5P99.9669.813431
HSA-MIR-4725-3P99.9669.532520
HSA-MIR-6780B-5P99.9669.602562
HSA-LET-7D-5P99.9671.761632
HSA-MIR-445899.9671.641650
HSA-MIR-185-3P99.9567.011743
HSA-MIR-6721-5P99.9368.922981
HSA-MIR-589-3P99.9169.622088
HSA-MIR-10527-5P99.9172.283754
HSA-MIR-4731-5P99.8967.232537
HSA-MIR-153-5P99.8973.866317

Functional genomics

ClinGen dosage: haploinsufficiency 1 (little evidence), triplosensitivity 0 (no evidence). ClinGen Gene Dosage Map

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 25)

  • Describes localization in mouse brain of two isoforms - the longer is called b and the shorter is called a. (PMID:12091563)
  • Describes two rat isoforms of Kv3.1, alpha is the longer one and beta is the shorter one (PMID:1432046)
  • In the absence of potassium ion, significant N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG)-positive currents could be recorded from human embryonic kidney cells expressing Kv3.1 or Kv3.2b channels and Kv1.5 Arg487Tyr/Val, but not wild-type channels. (PMID:19332619)
  • Kv3.1 channels are transported into axons by binding to kinesin I. (PMID:21106837)
  • Although all KV3 subunit transcripts are significantly expressed at embryonic age in whole mouse brain extracts, only KV3.1, KV3.2 and KV3.4 subunit transgenic proteins are present. (PMID:21912965)
  • demonstrated that glycosylation was necessary for both DPP10 trafficking to the cell surface and functional interaction with Kv4 channels (PMID:22387313)
  • KChIP4a suppresses A-type Kv4 current via ER retention and enhancement of Kv4 closed-state inactivation. (PMID:23576435)
  • Findings show a decrease in Kv3.1b channel protein in schizophrenia neocortex, a deficit that is restored by antipsychotic drugs (PMID:23628987)
  • A recurrent KCNC1 de novo mutation, c.959G>A (p.Arg320His), is a new major cause for progressive myoclonus epilepsy. It has a dominant-negative loss-of-function effect. (PMID:25401298)
  • KCNC1 produces a resurgent current during repolarization, ensuring enough repolarizing power to terminate each action potential. The current results from a combination of steep voltage-dependent gating kinetics and ultra-fast voltage-sensor relaxation. (PMID:26673941)
  • reviews the phenotype/genotype of progressive myoclonus epilepsy and ataxia due to potassium channel mutation (MEAK)associated with KCNC1 mutations [review] (PMID:27629860)
  • A nonsense variant in KCNC1 gene was identified in three family members with intellectual disability without seizures. (PMID:28145425)
  • KNCN1 p.R320H mutation causes MEAK syndrome. (PMID:28380698)
  • A recurrent de novo mutation in KCNC1 (c.959G>A, p.Arg320His) has been identified recently as one of the important genetic causes of progress myoclonic epilepsy. This recurrent mutation in KCNC1 was identified in the two brothers who showed characteristic features of myoclonus epilepsy and ataxia due to potassium channel mutation (MEAK). The asymptomatic mother was suspected as being mosaic for this mutation. (PMID:29428275)
  • polybasic motif in alternatively spliced KChIP2 isoforms prevents Ca(2+) regulation of Kv4 channels (PMID:30622142)
  • Authors identified three new de novo missense variants in KCNC1 in five unrelated individuals causing different phenotypes featuring either isolated nonprogressive myoclonus (p.Cys208Tyr), intellectual disability (p.Thr399Met), or epilepsy with myoclonic, absence and generalized tonic-clonic seizures, ataxia, and developmental delay (p.Ala421Val, three patients). (PMID:31353862)
  • Mechanisms Underlying the Hyperexcitability of CA3 and Dentate Gyrus Hippocampal Neurons Derived From Patients With Bipolar Disorder. (PMID:31732108)
  • First Evidence of Kv3.1b Potassium Channel Subtype Expression during Neuronal Serotonergic 1C11 Cell Line Development. (PMID:33003279)
  • Genetic diagnosis of infantile-onset epilepsy in the clinic: Application of whole-exome sequencing following epilepsy gene panel testing. (PMID:33349918)
  • Progressive myoclonus epilepsy KCNC1 variant causes a developmental dendritopathy. (PMID:33735526)
  • Methylation gene KCNC1 is associated with overall survival in patients with seminoma. (PMID:34105734)
  • A KCNC1 mutation in epilepsy of infancy with focal migrating seizures produces functional channels that fail to be regulated by PKC phosphorylation. (PMID:34232791)
  • Cross Pharmacological, Biochemical and Computational Studies of a Human Kv3.1b Inhibitor from Androctonus australis Venom. (PMID:34830172)
  • Cryo-EM structure of the human Kv3.1 channel reveals gating control by the cytoplasmic T1 domain. (PMID:35840580)
  • A KCNC1-related neurological disorder due to gain of Kv3.1 function. (PMID:36419348)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriokcnc1bENSDARG00000032959
danio_reriokcnc1aENSDARG00000051852
mus_musculusKcnc1ENSMUSG00000058975
rattus_norvegicusKcnc1ENSRNOG00000055401

Paralogs (31): KCNG1 (ENSG00000026559), KCNQ1 (ENSG00000053918), KCNQ2 (ENSG00000075043), KCND1 (ENSG00000102057), KCNA7 (ENSG00000104848), KCNA1 (ENSG00000111262), KCNC4 (ENSG00000116396), KCNQ4 (ENSG00000117013), KCNS1 (ENSG00000124134), KCNA5 (ENSG00000130037), KCNC3 (ENSG00000131398), KCNA10 (ENSG00000143105), KCNA6 (ENSG00000151079), KCNS2 (ENSG00000156486), KCNB1 (ENSG00000158445), KCNF1 (ENSG00000162975), KCNV1 (ENSG00000164794), KCNC2 (ENSG00000166006), KCNV2 (ENSG00000168263), KCNG4 (ENSG00000168418), KCNS3 (ENSG00000170745), KCNG3 (ENSG00000171126), KCND3 (ENSG00000171385), KCNA3 (ENSG00000177272), KCNA2 (ENSG00000177301), KCNG2 (ENSG00000178342), KCNA4 (ENSG00000182255), KCNB2 (ENSG00000182674), KCNQ3 (ENSG00000184156), KCND2 (ENSG00000184408), KCNQ5 (ENSG00000185760)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Voltage-gated potassium channel KCNC1P48547 (reviewed: P48547)

Alternative names: NGK2, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 1, Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kv3.1, Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kv4

All UniProt accessions (8): P48547, A0A1W2PNN0, A0A1W2PNZ3, A0A1W2PP60, A0A1W2PPN9, A0A1W2PPT0, A0A1W2PPX0, A0A6Q8PHL6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Voltage-gated potassium channel that opens in response to the voltage difference across the membrane and through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The mechanism is time-dependent and inactivation is slow. Plays an important role in the rapid repolarization of fast-firing brain neurons. Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNC2, and possibly other family members as well. Contributes to fire sustained trains of very brief action potentials at high frequency in pallidal neurons.

Subunit / interactions. Homotetramer. Homomultimer. Heteromultimer with KCNG3, KCNG4 and KCNV2. Heteromultimer with KCNC2. Heterotetramer with KCNC3. Interacts with the ancillary subunits KCNE1 and KCNE2; the interaction modulates channel activity.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane. Cell projection. Axon. Presynaptic cell membrane.

Post-translational modifications. N-glycosylated; contains sialylated glycans.

Disease relevance. Epilepsy, progressive myoclonic 7 (EPM7) [MIM:616187] A form of progressive myoclonic epilepsy, a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders defined by the combination of action and reflex myoclonus, other types of epileptic seizures, and progressive neurodegeneration and neurocognitive impairment. EPM7 is an autosomal dominant form characterized by myoclonic epilepsy apparent in the first or second decades of life. Cognitive function may decline in some patients. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Domain organisation. The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position. The N-terminal cytoplasmic T1 domain is involved but not required for Zn(2+)-mediated tetramerization.

Similarity. Belongs to the potassium channel family. C (Shaw) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv3.1/KCNC1 sub-subfamily.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
P48547-11yes
P48547-22

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001106212, NP_004967 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR000210BTB/POZ_domDomain
IPR003131T1-type_BTBDomain
IPR003968K_chnl_volt-dep_KvFamily
IPR003974K_chnl_volt-dep_Kv3Family
IPR005403K_chnl_volt-dep_Kv3.1Family
IPR005821Ion_trans_domDomain
IPR011333SKP1/BTB/POZ_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR027359Volt_channel_dom_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR028325VG_K_chnlFamily

Pfam: PF00520, PF02214

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

  • K(+)(in) = K(+)(out) (RHEA:29463)

UniProt features (77 total): helix 21, strand 15, binding site 8, modified residue 7, turn 7, transmembrane region 6, topological domain 4, glycosylation site 2, chain 1, region of interest 1, short sequence motif 1, compositionally biased region 1, splice variant 1, sequence variant 1, sequence conflict 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

10 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
8QUDELECTRON MICROSCOPY2.5
7PQTELECTRON MICROSCOPY2.65
8QUCELECTRON MICROSCOPY2.9
8F1CELECTRON MICROSCOPY2.92
8F1DELECTRON MICROSCOPY2.94
7PQUELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.03
7PHIELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.1
7PHKELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.1
7PHHELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.2
7PHLELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.2

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-P48547-F179.510.46

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (8): 77; 83; 104; 105; 400; 401; 402; 403

Post-translational modifications (7): 44, 130, 142, 158, 160, 474, 483

Glycosylation sites (2): 220, 229

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

3 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-1296072Voltage gated Potassium channels
R-HSA-112316Neuronal System
R-HSA-1296071Potassium Channels

MSigDB gene sets: 218 (showing top): GSE45365_CD8A_DC_VS_CD11B_DC_IFNAR_KO_UP, GSE45365_CTRL_VS_MCMV_INFECTION_NK_CELL_UP, GOBP_POTASSIUM_ION_TRANSPORT, GOBP_HINDBRAIN_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_NITROGEN_COMPOUND, GOBP_METENCEPHALON_DEVELOPMENT, REACTOME_VOLTAGE_GATED_POTASSIUM_CHANNELS, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_AMINE, REACTOME_POTASSIUM_CHANNELS, MAZ_Q6, GOCC_CELL_SURFACE, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_POTASSIUM_ION, TGACCTY_ERR1_Q2, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_POTASSIUM_ION_TRANSPORT, GOBP_CRANIAL_NERVE_DEVELOPMENT

GO Biological Process (25): action potential (GO:0001508), potassium ion transport (GO:0006813), response to toxic substance (GO:0009636), response to light intensity (GO:0009642), response to auditory stimulus (GO:0010996), response to amine (GO:0014075), cerebellum development (GO:0021549), optic nerve development (GO:0021554), globus pallidus development (GO:0021759), corpus callosum development (GO:0022038), response to potassium ion (GO:0035864), protein homooligomerization (GO:0051260), protein tetramerization (GO:0051262), cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus (GO:0071466), response to fibroblast growth factor (GO:0071774), potassium ion transmembrane transport (GO:0071805), positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport (GO:1901381), response to nerve growth factor (GO:1990089), monoatomic ion transport (GO:0006811), monoatomic ion transmembrane transport (GO:0034220), regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport (GO:0034765), positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport (GO:0034767), transmembrane transport (GO:0055085), regulation of presynaptic membrane potential (GO:0099505), regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport (GO:1901379)

GO Molecular Function (9): voltage-gated potassium channel activity (GO:0005249), delayed rectifier potassium channel activity (GO:0005251), kinesin binding (GO:0019894), transmembrane transporter binding (GO:0044325), voltage-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential (GO:0099508), monoatomic ion channel activity (GO:0005216), potassium channel activity (GO:0005267), protein binding (GO:0005515), gated channel activity (GO:0022836)

GO Cellular Component (18): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), voltage-gated potassium channel complex (GO:0008076), cell surface (GO:0009986), axolemma (GO:0030673), dendrite membrane (GO:0032590), neuronal cell body membrane (GO:0032809), presynaptic membrane (GO:0042734), axon terminus (GO:0043679), calyx of Held (GO:0044305), postsynaptic membrane (GO:0045211), membrane (GO:0016020), axon (GO:0030424), dendrite (GO:0030425), neuron projection membrane (GO:0032589), monoatomic ion channel complex (GO:0034702), cell projection (GO:0042995), neuronal cell body (GO:0043025), synapse (GO:0045202)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Potassium Channels1
Neuronal System1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
cellular anatomical structure3
neuron projection3
anatomical structure development2
protein complex oligomerization2
response to growth factor2
channel activity2
neuron projection membrane2
synaptic membrane2
presynapse2
regulation of membrane potential1
metal ion transport1
response to chemical1
response to light stimulus1
response to mechanical stimulus1
response to nitrogen compound1
metencephalon development1
cranial nerve development1
diencephalon development1
neural nucleus development1
telencephalon development1
response to metal ion1
response to xenobiotic stimulus1
cellular response to chemical stimulus1
potassium ion transport1
monoatomic cation transmembrane transport1
positive regulation of potassium ion transport1
potassium ion transmembrane transport1
regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport1
positive regulation of cation transmembrane transport1
transport1
monoatomic ion transport1
transmembrane transport1
potassium channel activity1
voltage-gated monoatomic cation channel activity1
voltage-gated potassium channel activity1
cytoskeletal protein binding1
protein binding1
voltage-gated monoatomic ion channel activity1
presynaptic membrane1
regulation of presynaptic membrane potential1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

2967 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
KCNC1KCNIP1Q9NZI2995
KCNC1KCNIP3Q9Y2W7987
KCNC1KCNIP2Q9NS61984
KCNC1KCNIP4Q6PIL6925
KCNC1CAV3P56539907
KCNC1DPP6P42658876
KCNC1NCS1P36610860
KCNC1DPP10Q8N608810
KCNC1KCNAB1Q14722777
KCNC1LDHCP07864769
KCNC1RCVRNP35243756
KCNC1KCNAB2Q13303742
KCNC1HPCAP32076706
KCNC1KCNH2Q12809664
KCNC1UHMK1Q8TAS1659

IntAct

13 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
KCNC1LPAR3psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
KCNC1TMBIM6psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
TUSC5KCNC1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
KCNC4GXYLT2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
KCNC4SMPD2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
KCNC3ATF6psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
LPAR3KCNC1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.000
TUSC5KCNC1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.000
TMBIM6KCNC1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.000

BioGRID (20): KCNC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), KCNC1 (Affinity Capture-Western), KCNC1 (Affinity Capture-Western), TMBIM6 (Two-hybrid), LPAR3 (Two-hybrid), TUSC5 (Two-hybrid), KCNG3 (Two-hybrid), KCNH1 (Two-hybrid), KCNV2 (Two-hybrid), KCNC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), KCNC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), KCNC1 (Positive Genetic), KCNC1 (Co-fractionation), KCNC1 (Co-fractionation), NPTX1 (Co-fractionation)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2BDX4, A4K2T1, A4K2Y2, D4AD53, O15554, O73606, O88454, O89109, P15388, P17971, P17972, P35739, P48547, P59053, P59994, P59995, P97557, Q03719, Q0P583, Q17ST2, Q52PG9, Q5RC10, Q60565, Q63881, Q6IVV8, Q6PIU1, Q7TN37, Q80XM3, Q8BZN2, Q8CFS6, Q8HYZ1, Q8IV77, Q8R1P5, Q8R523, Q8TAE7, Q8TD43, Q8TDN1, Q8TDN2, Q96RP8, Q9ERS0

Diamond homologs: A2BDX4, A4K2M4, A4K2N8, A4K2P6, A4K2Q6, A4K2R3, A4K2S2, A4K2T1, A4K2V2, A4K2W6, A4K2X4, A4K2Y2, A6H8H5, D4AD53, D4ADX7, G5EFC3, O18868, O35173, O35174, O73606, O88758, O88759, P10499, P15384, P15385, P15387, P15388, P16388, P16390, P17970, P17971, P17972, P22001, P22459, P22739, P25122, P48547, P59053, P59994, P59995

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

AEffectBMechanism
KCNC1“down-regulates quantity”potassium(1+)relocalization

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

538 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic1
Likely pathogenic11
Uncertain significance267
Likely benign216
Benign14

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (12)

Variant IDHGVSClassification
2856264NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.1199C>A (p.Thr400Asn)Pathogenic
1298508NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.22G>T (p.Glu8Ter)Likely pathogenic
1320194NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.490C>T (p.Arg164Trp)Likely pathogenic
2575090NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.1023C>G (p.Ser341Arg)Likely pathogenic
3365213NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.1290G>A (p.Met430Ile)Likely pathogenic
3773830NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.430G>A (p.Asp144Asn)Likely pathogenic
568146NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.691A>G (p.Thr231Ala)Likely pathogenic
658535NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.108del (p.Trp36fs)Likely pathogenic
692088NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.1370del (p.Lys457fs)Likely pathogenic
813805NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.1294G>C (p.Val432Leu)Likely pathogenic
938939NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.1538C>T (p.Ala513Val)Likely pathogenic
987044NM_001112741.2(KCNC1):c.623G>A (p.Cys208Tyr)Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

1409 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
11:17736569:GCGG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
11:17771659:CCACA:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
11:17771660:CACA:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
11:17771661:ACAG:Aacceptor_loss1.0000
11:17771662:CA:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
11:17771663:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
11:17771663:AGTAT:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
11:17771664:G:GTacceptor_gain1.0000
11:17771664:GT:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
11:17771664:GTA:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
11:17771664:GTAT:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
11:17771664:GTATG:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
11:17736568:CGCGG:Cdonor_gain0.9900
11:17736569:GCGGG:Gdonor_gain0.9900
11:17736570:CGG:Cdonor_gain0.9900
11:17736571:GG:Gdonor_gain0.9900
11:17736571:GGG:Gdonor_gain0.9900
11:17736571:GGGTA:Gdonor_loss0.9900
11:17736572:GG:Gdonor_gain0.9900
11:17736572:GGT:Gdonor_loss0.9900
11:17736573:G:Cdonor_loss0.9900
11:17736573:G:GGdonor_gain0.9900
11:17736574:T:Adonor_loss0.9900
11:17811634:T:TAdonor_gain0.9800
11:17771661:A:AGacceptor_gain0.9700
11:17788413:CCT:Cacceptor_loss0.9700
11:17788415:T:Cacceptor_loss0.9700
11:17779447:T:Gacceptor_gain0.9600
11:17788410:CCAC:Cacceptor_gain0.9600
11:17788411:CACC:Cacceptor_gain0.9600

AlphaMissense

3839 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
11:17736037:T:AI12N1.000
11:17736045:G:CG15R1.000
11:17736046:G:AG15D1.000
11:17736046:G:TG15V1.000
11:17736079:T:AL26Q1.000
11:17736079:T:CL26P1.000
11:17736103:T:AL34H1.000
11:17736177:C:AR59S1.000
11:17736178:G:CR59P1.000
11:17736192:T:CF64L1.000
11:17736194:C:AF64L1.000
11:17736194:C:GF64L1.000
11:17736205:T:CL68P1.000
11:17736209:C:AN69K1.000
11:17736209:C:GN69K1.000
11:17736210:T:GY70D1.000
11:17736213:T:GY71D1.000
11:17736216:C:AR72S1.000
11:17736217:G:CR72P1.000
11:17736229:T:AL76Q1.000
11:17736229:T:CL76P1.000
11:17736231:C:AH77N1.000
11:17736231:C:GH77D1.000
11:17736233:C:AH77Q1.000
11:17736233:C:GH77Q1.000
11:17736249:T:AC83S1.000
11:17736249:T:CC83R1.000
11:17736250:G:AC83Y1.000
11:17736250:G:CC83S1.000
11:17736250:G:TC83F1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000009327 (11:17750358 CTCAGGGCCAGG>C), RS1000056233 (11:17757822 A>G,T), RS1000300795 (11:17764625 T>C), RS1000307651 (11:17746286 G>A), RS1000360314 (11:17746594 G>A,T), RS1000428854 (11:17780575 C>T), RS1000519762 (11:17735225 C>G), RS1000530832 (11:17735530 G>A,C), RS1000554365 (11:17751121 C>T), RS1000564157 (11:17745771 T>C), RS1000592361 (11:17775729 C>T), RS1000668310 (11:17779775 A>C,G), RS1000820919 (11:17734459 G>GTTTT), RS1000874753 (11:17756353 C>T), RS1000943252 (11:17775116 G>A,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:176258 | disease phenotypes: MIM:616187, MIM:254800

GenCC curated gene-disease

DiseaseClassificationInheritance
complex neurodevelopmental disorderDefinitiveAutosomal dominant
progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 7DefinitiveAutosomal dominant
progressive myoclonus epilepsyDefinitiveAutosomal dominant

ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity (2)

Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.

DiseaseClassificationInheritance
progressive myoclonus epilepsyDefinitiveAD
complex neurodevelopmental disorderDefinitiveAD

Mondo (4): progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 7 (MONDO:0014521), progressive myoclonus epilepsy (MONDO:0020074), intellectual disability (MONDO:0001071), complex neurodevelopmental disorder (MONDO:0100038)

Orphanet (4): Progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 7 (Orphanet:435438), Progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 1 (Orphanet:308), Progressive myoclonic epilepsy (Orphanet:98261), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Unexplained intellectual disability (Orphanet:319658)

HPO phenotypes

12 total (12 of 12 shown, HPO-id order):

HPOTerm
HP:0000006Autosomal dominant inheritance
HP:0001251Ataxia
HP:0001268Mental deterioration
HP:0001272Cerebellar atrophy
HP:0001336Myoclonus
HP:0001337Tremor
HP:0002069Bilateral tonic-clonic seizure
HP:0003621Juvenile onset
HP:0003676Progressive
HP:0011198EEG with generalized epileptiform discharges
HP:0011463Childhood onset
HP:0032794Myoclonic seizure

GWAS associations

4 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST002235_2Opioid sensitivity5.000000e-07
GCST003542_112Night sleep phenotypes2.000000e-06
GCST005951_67Body mass index6.000000e-09
GCST005951_68Body mass index3.000000e-09

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0004340body mass index

MeSH disease descriptors (2)

DescriptorNameTree numbers
D008607Intellectual DisabilityC10.597.606.360; C23.888.592.604.646; F01.700.687; F03.625.539
D020191Myoclonic Epilepsies, ProgressiveC10.228.140.490.375.130.650; C10.228.140.490.493.063.650

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (2): CHEMBL2362996 (PROTEIN FAMILY), CHEMBL5529 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: vgic — Voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv)

Most potent curated ligand interactions (10 total), top 10:

LigandActionAffinityParameter
fluoxetineGating inhibitor6.1pIC50
norfluoxetineGating inhibitor4.9pIC50
fampridineChannel blocker4.5pIC50
resiniferatoxinChannel blocker4.3pIC50
diltiazemChannel blocker4.0pIC50
flecainideChannel blocker4.0pIC50
nifedipineChannel blocker3.9pIC50
capsaicinChannel blocker3.8pIC50
tetraethylammoniumChannel blocker3.7pIC50
cromakalimChannel blocker3.6pIC50

Binding affinities (BindingDB)

25 measured of 28 human assays (28 total across all organisms); most potent 25 below. Values come from heterogeneous assays and are not directly comparable.

LigandMeasureValuePatent
US12358901, Example RE11EC50794 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example RE13EC50794 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example 9EC501260 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
(5R)-5-ethyl-5- methyl-3-[5-(7- methylspiro[2H- benzofuran-3,1’- cyclopropane]- 4-yl)oxypyrazin- 2- yl]imidazolidine- 2,4-dioneEC502040 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
(5R)-5-ethyl-3-(5- spiro[2H- benzofuran-3,1’- cyclopropane]-4- yloxypyrazin-2- yl) imidazolidine- 2,4-dioneEC502340 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example RE12EC502510 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example RE6EC502630 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example RE7EC502750 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
(5R)-5-ethyl-3-[5- [(3,3,7-trimethyl- 2H-benzofuran-4- yl)oxy]pyrazin-2- yl]imidazolidine- 2,4-dioneEC502750 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
6-[5-(7- methylspiro[2H- benzofuran-3,1’- cyclopropane]-4- yl)oxypyrazin-2- yl]-4,6- diazaspiro[2.4] heptane-5,7-dioneEC503090 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example 1EC503390 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
(5R)-5-ethyl-5- methyl-3-[5- [(3,3,7-trimethyl- 2H-benzofuran- 4-yl)oxy]pyrazin- 2- yl]imidazolidine- 2,4-dioneEC505130 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example RE2EC505620 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example RE14EC506310 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
5,5-dimethyl-3- (5-spiro[2H- benzofuran-3,1’- cyclopropane]- 4-yloxypyrazin- 2- yl)imidazolidine- 2,4-dioneEC506760 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
(5R)-5-ethyl-5- methyl-3-(5- spiro[2H- benzofuran-3,1’- cyclopropane]-4- yloxypyrazin-2- yl)imidazolidine- 2,4-dioneEC507080 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example RE5EC507240 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
5,5-dimethyl-3- [5-[(3,3,7- trimethyl-2H- benzofuran-4- yl)oxy]pyrazin-2- yl]imidazolidine- 2,4-dioneEC507590 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
7-[5-(7- methylspiro[2H- benzofuran-3,1’- cyclopropane]-4- yl)oxypyrazin-2- yl]-5,7- diazaspiro[3.4] octane-6,8-dioneEC508130 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example RE8EC5010500 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example RE3EC5012900 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
(5R)-3-[5-[(3,3- dimethyl-2H- benzofuran-4- yl)oxy]pyrazin-2- yl]-5-ethyl- imidazolidine-2,4- dioneEC5012900 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
US12358901, Example RE1EC5016600 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
(5R)-3-[5-[(3,3- dimethyl-2H- benzofuran-4- yl)oxy]pyrazin-2- yl]-5-ethyl-5- methyl- imidazolidine- 2,4-dioneEC5017800 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators
3-[5-[(3,3- dimethyl-2H- benzofuran-4- yl)oxy]pyrazin-2- yl]-5,5-dimethyl- imidazolidine-2,4- dioneEC5020900 nMUS-12358901: KV3 modulators

ChEMBL bioactivities

2 potent at pChembl≥5 of 3 total, top 2 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChemblTypeValueUnitMolecule
9.82Ki0.15nMCHEMBL5722941
9.74IC500.18nMCHEMBL5722941

PubChem BioAssay actives

2 with measured affinity, of 50 total; 1 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

CompoundAssayTypeValueUnit
3-[(1R,2aS,4S,5aS,8aS,10S,11aR,14aS,16S,17aS,19S,20aS,22S,23aS,25S,26aS,28S,29aS,31R,32aS,35aS,36R,38aS,39S,41aS,42S,44aS,45S,48R,50aS,51S,53aS,54S,56aS,57S,59aS,60S,63S,66S,69S,72S,75S,78S,87R,93S,96S,99S)-17a,20a,23a,53a,63-pentakis(4-aminobutyl)-31-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-5-carbamimidamido-2-[[(2S)-5-carbamimidamido-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]pentanoyl]amino]pentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-16,29a,72,78-tetrakis(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-14a,26a-bis(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-2a,38a,66-tribenzyl-28,50a,57-tris[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-4,5a,19,42,45,69-hexakis(3-carbamimidamidopropyl)-51,54-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-56a,99-bis(carboxymethyl)-36-[[(2S,3S)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamoyl]-39,60-bis[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-75,93-bis(hydroxymethyl)-32a,35a,59a-tris[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-22-(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)-96-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-41a-methyl-25-(2-methylpropyl)-1a,3,4a,6,7a,9,10a,13a,15,16a,18,19a,21,22a,24,25a,27,28a,30,31a,34a,37a,38,40a,41,43a,44,47,49a,50,52a,53,55a,56,58a,59,61a,62,65,68,71,74,77,80,83,86,89,92,95,98-pentacontaoxo-33,34,63a,64a,67a,68a-hexathia-a,2,3a,5,6a,8,9a,12a,14,15a,17,18a,20,21a,23,24a,26,27a,29,30a,33a,36a,37,39a,40,42a,43,46,48a,49,51a,52,54a,55,57a,58,60a,61,64,67,70,73,76,79,82,85,88,91,94,97-pentacontazapentacyclo[85.74.4.448,111.010,14.0144,148]nonahexacontahectan-8a-yl]propanoic acid2198828: Binding affinity to KV channel (unknown origin) assessed as inhibition constantki0.0001uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

26 total (human), top 26 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Valproic Acidaffects expression, increases expression, increases methylation4
Panobinostataffects cotreatment, decreases expression2
Phenylmercuric Acetateaffects cotreatment, decreases expression2
Silicon Dioxidedecreases expression, increases expression2
methylmercuric chlorideincreases expression1
bisphenol Adecreases methylation1
ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoatedecreases expression1
arseniteincreases methylation1
methylparabenincreases expression1
butyraldehydeincreases expression1
maleic aciddecreases expression1
butylparabenincreases expression1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamideaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
dorsomorphinaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Poly(amidoamine)decreases expression1
bisphenol Sdecreases methylation1
Resveratrolaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Arsenicaffects methylation1
Benzo(a)pyreneincreases methylation1
Cadmiumdecreases expression1
Diethylhexyl Phthalatedecreases expression1
Plant Extractsaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Tretinoindecreases expression1
Vanadiumdecreases expression1
Aflatoxin B1decreases methylation1
Okadaic Acidincreases expression1

ChEMBL screening assays

28 unique, capped per target: 25 binding, 2 functional, 1 toxicity

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay IDTypeDescriptionSource paper
CHEMBL1787442BindingInhibition of human recombinant Kv channel at 10 uM by radioligand binding assayStructure-activity relationships of pyrrole based S-nitrosoglutathione reductase inhibitors: pyrrole regioisomers and propionic acid replacement. — Bioorg Med Chem Lett
CHEMBL5522525ToxicityInhibition of human K+ channel by automated electrophysiologyDiscovery of Clinical Candidate AZD5462, a Selective Oral Allosteric RXFP1 Agonist for Treatment of Heart Failure. — J Med Chem
CHEMBL702910FunctionalBlockade of peak K+ currents against Kv3.1 geneAlkoxypsoralens, novel nonpeptide blockers of Shaker-type K+ channels: synthesis and photoreactivity. — J Med Chem

Cellosaurus cell lines

6 cell lines: 3 induced pluripotent stem cell, 2 cancer cell line, 1 spontaneously immortalized cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_D1K4PrecisION hKv3.1-CHOSpontaneously immortalized cell lineFemale
CVCL_RG02PFIZi025-AInduced pluripotent stem cellFemale
CVCL_ST95HAP1 KCNC1 (-) 1Cancer cell lineMale
CVCL_ST96HAP1 KCNC1 (-) 2Cancer cell lineMale
CVCL_ZX47GZHMCi001-AInduced pluripotent stem cellMale
CVCL_ZX48GZHMCi001-BInduced pluripotent stem cellMale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

201 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

TrialPhaseStatusTitle
NCT05657860PHASE4COMPLETEDGuanfacine Extended Release for the Reduction of Aggression and Self-injurious Behavior Associated With Prader-Willi Syndrome
NCT05744479PHASE4RECRUITINGMetformin for Antipsychotic-induced Weight Gain in Adults With Intellectual Disability
NCT06107829PHASE4WITHDRAWNValbenazine Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia in Adults With Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities
NCT06997198PHASE4NOT_YET_RECRUITINGDeutetrabenazine Treatment for Tardive Dyskinesia in Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities
NCT02270736PHASE3COMPLETEDClinical Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of NT 201 Compared to Placebo in the Treatment of Chronic Troublesome Drooling Associated With Neurological Disorders and/or Intellectual Disability
NCT02304302PHASE2COMPLETEDDown Syndrome Memantine Follow-up Study
NCT03862950PHASE2COMPLETEDA Trial of Metformin in Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome (Met)
NCT04529226PHASE2UNKNOWNStudy to Compare Clozapine vs Treatment as Usual in People With Intellectual Disability & Treatment-resistant Psychosis
NCT04821856PHASE2COMPLETEDEvaluation of the Effectiveness of Cannabidiol in Treating Severe Behavioural Problems in Children and Adolescents With Intellectual Disability
NCT05273320PHASE1COMPLETEDClinical Trial of Nabilone for Aggression in Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
NCT05301361PHASE1ENROLLING_BY_INVITATIONSensitivity of the NIH Toolbox to Stimulant Treatment in Intellectual Disabilities
NCT06016764PHASE1COMPLETEDUse of MRI and cTBS for Catatonia in Autism
NCT06586827PHASE1COMPLETEDImpact of Competency-Based Training and Technical Assistance Employment Outcomes of Individuals With ID/DD
NCT07531940PHASE1NOT_YET_RECRUITINGEscalating Doses of Memantine in Down Syndrome (MEDS-123)
NCT06310681Not specifiedCOMPLETEDPilot Testing of a Co-adapted Group Programme for Parents/Carers of Children With Complex Neurodisability
NCT07303049Not specifiedNOT_YET_RECRUITINGCognitive Benefit of Intensive Rehabilitation Using Rhythmic Music Training in Children With Complex Neurodevelopmental Disorder
NCT06593951Not specifiedRECRUITINGRegistry and Natural History Study for Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy Type 1 (EPM1)
NCT06923241Not specifiedCOMPLETEDNutri-score Labelling in a UK Restaurant Setting: a Randomised Control Trial
NCT03479476PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDA Trial of Metformin in Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome
NCT02616796PHASE1/PHASE2COMPLETEDEffects of Social Gaze Training on Brain and Behavior in Fragile X Syndrome
NCT06860672EARLY_PHASE1RECRUITINGClinical Trial of the Dual Vector Base Editor for the Treatment of the CHD3-R1025W Mutation
NCT00597948Not specifiedCOMPLETEDHealthy Lifestyles for People With Intellectual Disabilities
NCT01087320Not specifiedRECRUITINGGenome Medical Sequencing for Gene Discovery
NCT01652963Not specifiedUNKNOWNPicture-based Computerised Assessment and Training of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Skills
NCT01695395Not specifiedCOMPLETEDMental Health Care Provision for Adults With Intellectual Disability and a Mental Disorder
NCT01867554Not specifiedCOMPLETEDResearch and Characterization of New Genes Involved in Intellectual Disability
NCT01915381Not specifiedCOMPLETEDImproving Adherence Healthy Lifestyle With a Smartphone Application Based on Adults With Intellectual Disabilities
NCT01988623Not specifiedCOMPLETEDPivotal Response Treatment for Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities
NCT02099773Not specifiedCOMPLETEDSupport Staff-client Interactions With Augmentative and Alternative Communication
NCT02136849Not specifiedCOMPLETEDInter-regional Project of the Great Western Exploration Approach for Exome Molecular Causes Severe Intellectual Disability Isolated or Syndromic
NCT02225041Not specifiedCOMPLETEDSedation Strategy and Cognitive Outcome After Critical Illness in Early Childhood
NCT02414438Not specifiedCOMPLETEDEstablishing the Clinical Utility of First StepDx PLUS and NextStepDx PLUS Study
NCT02451761Not specifiedCOMPLETEDApparently Balanced Chromosomal Translocation/ Next-generation Sequencing/ Intellectual Disability
NCT02461420Not specifiedACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGMapping the Genotype, Phenotype, and Natural History of Phelan-McDermid Syndrome
NCT02461459Not specifiedACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Intellectual Disability (ID) Determinants in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)
NCT02486081Not specifiedCOMPLETEDDevelopment and Application-Smart Football for Movement Evaluation and Training in the Special Education Population
NCT02504502Not specifiedCOMPLETEDEnhancing Genomic Laboratory Reports to Enhance Communication and Empower Patients
NCT02513277Not specifiedCOMPLETEDDiabetes Screening & Prevention for People With Learning (Intellectual) Disabilities:STOP Diabetes Study
NCT02561754Not specifiedCOMPLETEDWeight Management for Adolescents With IDD
NCT02591446Not specifiedCOMPLETEDTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies in Autism Spectrum Disorders