KLHL4

Summary

KLHL4 (kelch like family member 4, HGNC:6355) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome Xq21.31, encoding Kelch-like protein 4 (Q9C0H6).

This gene encodes a member of the kelch family of proteins, which are characterized by kelch repeat motifs and a POZ/BTB protein-binding domain. It is thought that kelch repeats are actin binding domains. However, the specific function of this protein has not been determined. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Source: NCBI Gene 56062 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 1
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 124 total — 1 pathogenic
• MANE Select transcript: NM_019117

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:6355
Approved symbol	KLHL4
Name	kelch like family member 4
Location	Xq21.31
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	KIAA1687, DKELCHL, KHL4
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000102271
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	300348
Entrez	56062

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 5 — 4 protein_coding, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000373114, ENST00000373119, ENST00000652270, ENST00000858462, ENST00000858463

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_019117 NM_019117, NM_057162

CCDS: CCDS14456, CCDS14457

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000373119 — 11 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000673263	87614434	87614570
ENSE00000673264	87617932	87618128
ENSE00000673265	87622211	87622423
ENSE00000673266	87625610	87625796
ENSE00000673267	87632210	87632434
ENSE00000673268	87633749	87633911
ENSE00000673269	87635563	87635775
ENSE00000673270	87664764	87664935
ENSE00000866853	87613877	87614044
ENSE00001124632	87666475	87670050
ENSE00001459555	87517802	87518315

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 170 present calls, max score 92.37.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 4.8800 / max 244.0114, expressed in 774 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (16 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
196858	1.0167	402
196863	0.9089	328
196864	0.5143	193
196859	0.4721	196
196857	0.3999	207
196860	0.2551	98
196865	0.2508	119
196862	0.2439	109
196861	0.2139	83
196854	0.1950	89

Top tissues by expression

289 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	92.37	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	90.30	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	89.81	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	89.61	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	89.59	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	87.56	gold quality
corpus callosum	UBERON:0002336	84.21	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	81.79	gold quality
spinal cord	UBERON:0002240	79.49	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	79.34	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	76.70	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	75.31	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	72.47	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	72.17	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	71.93	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	71.61	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	70.73	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	70.48	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	70.41	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	70.31	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	70.11	gold quality
Ammon’s horn	UBERON:0001954	69.89	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	69.72	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	69.20	gold quality
cingulate cortex	UBERON:0003027	68.70	gold quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	68.58	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	68.53	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	68.30	gold quality
telencephalon	UBERON:0001893	68.29	gold quality
midbrain	UBERON:0001891	68.02	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-130148	yes	5.03
E-ANND-3	no	5.01

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

147 targeting KLHL4, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-340-5P	100.00	72.50	4437
HSA-MIR-4668-3P	100.00	68.74	2635
HSA-MIR-5011-5P	100.00	83.46	5820
HSA-MIR-656-3P	100.00	72.15	2788
HSA-MIR-190A-3P	100.00	80.35	5520
HSA-MIR-196A-5P	100.00	68.16	684
HSA-MIR-196B-5P	100.00	68.16	681
HSA-MIR-10401-5P	99.99	65.79	948
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-548C-3P	99.99	74.01	7587
HSA-MIR-4789-3P	99.99	70.75	2484
HSA-MIR-4803	99.98	71.99	3117
HSA-MIR-568	99.98	69.86	2084
HSA-MIR-27A-3P	99.98	72.13	2955
HSA-MIR-27B-3P	99.98	72.13	2955
HSA-MIR-9985	99.98	72.11	2939
HSA-MIR-302C-5P	99.97	72.56	3642
HSA-MIR-548AT-5P	99.96	70.83	2666
HSA-MIR-551B-5P	99.96	71.28	3493
HSA-MIR-548AJ-3P	99.96	73.38	5345
HSA-MIR-548X-3P	99.96	73.38	5345
HSA-MIR-96-5P	99.95	72.80	2140
HSA-MIR-141-3P	99.94	72.79	2421
HSA-MIR-200A-3P	99.94	72.68	2420
HSA-MIR-548J-3P	99.94	72.61	4881
HSA-MIR-4760-3P	99.93	70.50	2385
HSA-MIR-548AE-3P	99.93	72.66	4867
HSA-MIR-548AH-3P	99.93	72.54	4872
HSA-MIR-548AM-3P	99.93	72.54	4872
HSA-MIR-548AQ-3P	99.93	72.66	4867

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 1)

• KLHL4, a novel p53 target gene, inhibits cell proliferation by activating p21(WAF/CDKN1A). (PMID:32753315)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	klhl4	ENSDARG00000016531
mus_musculus	Klhl4	ENSMUSG00000025597
rattus_norvegicus	Klhl4	ENSRNOG00000005215

Paralogs (54): KLHL13 (ENSG00000003096), KLHL20 (ENSG00000076321), KEAP1 (ENSG00000079999), KLHL42 (ENSG00000087448), KLHL22 (ENSG00000099910), KLHL2 (ENSG00000109466), KLHL5 (ENSG00000109790), BACH2 (ENSG00000112182), KLHL18 (ENSG00000114648), KLHL24 (ENSG00000114796), IVNS1ABP (ENSG00000116679), KLHL12 (ENSG00000117153), KLHL29 (ENSG00000119771), KBTBD7 (ENSG00000120696), KLHL7 (ENSG00000122550), KLHL31 (ENSG00000124743), KLHDC7B (ENSG00000130487), KLHL36 (ENSG00000135686), KLHL8 (ENSG00000145332), KLHL3 (ENSG00000146021), KLHL35 (ENSG00000149243), KLHL1 (ENSG00000150361), BACH1 (ENSG00000156273), KLHL40 (ENSG00000157119), KLHL10 (ENSG00000161594), KLHL21 (ENSG00000162413), KLHDC8A (ENSG00000162873), KBTBD8 (ENSG00000163376), KBTBD6 (ENSG00000165572), KLHL26 (ENSG00000167487), KLHL30 (ENSG00000168427), KBTBD2 (ENSG00000170852), KLHL6 (ENSG00000172578), KLHL15 (ENSG00000174010), KLHL38 (ENSG00000175946), KBTBD11 (ENSG00000176595), KLHDC7A (ENSG00000179023), KLHL28 (ENSG00000179454), KBTBD3 (ENSG00000182359), KLHL33 (ENSG00000185271)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Kelch-like protein 4 — Q9C0H6 (reviewed: Q9C0H6)

All UniProt accessions (2): Q9C0H6, A5PKX1

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in adult fibroblasts and in a range of fetal tissues including tongue, palate, and mandible.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9C0H6-1	1	yes
Q9C0H6-2	2, KLHL4c

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_061990, NP_476503 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000210	BTB/POZ_dom	Domain
IPR006652	Kelch_1	Repeat
IPR011333	SKP1/BTB/POZ_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR011705	BACK	Domain
IPR015915	Kelch-typ_b-propeller	Homologous_superfamily
IPR056737	Beta-prop_ATRN-MKLN-like	Domain

Pfam: PF00651, PF07707, PF24981

UniProt features (10 total): repeat 6, chain 1, domain 1, region of interest 1, splice variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9C0H6-F1	80.37	0.68

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 155 (showing top): RNGTGGGC_UNKNOWN, MODULE_255, GOBP_MACROMOLECULE_CATABOLIC_PROCESS, GAUSSMANN_MLL_AF4_FUSION_TARGETS_C_DN, MODULE_317, ZHAN_MULTIPLE_MYELOMA_CD1_UP, ATTACAT_MIR3803P, GOMF_ACTIN_BINDING, GOBP_PROTEASOMAL_PROTEIN_CATABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_PROTEIN_CATABOLIC_PROCESS, ZHAN_MULTIPLE_MYELOMA_CD1_VS_CD2_UP, TGGAAA_NFAT_Q4_01, GOCC_TRANSFERASE_COMPLEX, BENPORATH_OCT4_TARGETS, TAATTA_CHX10_01

GO Biological Process (1): proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process (GO:0043161)

GO Molecular Function (3): actin binding (GO:0003779), ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate adaptor activity (GO:1990756), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (7): cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cilium (GO:0005929), microtubule cytoskeleton (GO:0015630), Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex (GO:0031463), centriolar satellite (GO:0034451), ciliary basal body (GO:0036064), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	2
ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	1
proteasomal protein catabolic process	1
cytoskeletal protein binding	1
enzyme-substrate adaptor activity	1
binding	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
intraciliary transport particle	1
membrane-bounded organelle	1
plasma membrane bounded cell projection	1
cytoskeleton	1
cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex	1
centrosome	1
microtubule organizing center	1
cilium	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

678 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
KLHL4	CPXCR1	Q8N123	695
KLHL4	SATL1	Q86VE3	590
KLHL4	DACH2	Q96NX9	489
KLHL4	SH3BGRL	O75368	431
KLHL4	OR4N5	Q8IXE1	423
KLHL4	APOOL	Q6UXV4	419
KLHL4	OR4K14	Q8NGD5	399
KLHL4	GRPR	P30550	398
KLHL4	POF1B	Q8WVV4	392
KLHL4	DHRSX	Q8N5I4	388
KLHL4	PCDH11X	Q9BZA7	387
KLHL4	PUDP	Q08623	387
KLHL4	CYLC1	P35663	384
KLHL4	PLCXD1	Q9NUJ7	384
KLHL4	GTPBP6	O43824	383

IntAct

9 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
KLHL1	CUL3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.560
KLHL4	NUDCD3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
NUDCD2	KLHL4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
ORF21	USP9Y	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CUL3	PXDNL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
KLHL4	CUL1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
DISC1	KLHL4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000
DSCAM	KLHL4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (48): KLHL4 (Affinity Capture-MS), KLHL4 (PCA), TP53 (Affinity Capture-Western), KLHL4 (Affinity Capture-Western), KLHL4 (Affinity Capture-Western), KLHL4 (Two-hybrid), KLHL4 (Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)), KLHL4 (Affinity Capture-MS), KLHL4 (Affinity Capture-Western), CUL3 (Affinity Capture-Western), KLHL4 (Affinity Capture-Western), KLHL4 (Affinity Capture-MS), CUL3 (Affinity Capture-MS), KLHL5 (Affinity Capture-MS), KLHL1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A2R8Q1W5, A6QQY2, B0WWP2, B3NDN0, B4HIK1, B4L0G9, B4LIG6, B4PD06, D3Z8N4, E0CZ16, E1B932, E7F6F9, E9Q4F2, F1LZ52, O94889, P28575, P57790, P59280, Q08DK3, Q14145, Q16RL8, Q2T9Z7, Q53G59, Q5R774, Q5R7B8, Q5U374, Q5ZKD9, Q5ZLD3, Q684M4, Q6DFF6, Q6JEL2, Q6JEL3, Q6NRH0, Q6TDP3, Q6TDP4, Q6ZPT1, Q7QGL0, Q80TF4, Q8BZM0, Q8K430

Diamond homologs: A0A1B8YAB1, A1YPR0, B0WWP2, B1H285, B3M9V8, B3NDN0, B4GRJ2, B4HIK1, B4J045, B4L0G9, B4LIG6, B4MXW3, B4PD06, B4QLQ2, C9JR72, D3Z8N4, E0CZ16, G3X9X1, O15062, O88939, O93567, O95365, P28575, P41182, P41183, Q08CL3, Q08DK3, Q13105, Q16RL8, Q2M0J9, Q3UQV5, Q52KB5, Q5EXX3, Q5R7B8, Q5RDY3, Q5TC79, Q5ZI33, Q5ZKD9, Q5ZM39, Q60821

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

124 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	55
Likely benign	6
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
832217	NC_000023.10:g.(?83372068)(86890775_?)del	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

1786 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
X:87518311:GCAAG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
X:87518314:AGGT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
X:87518315:GGT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
X:87613875:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:87613876:G:GC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:87613876:GA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:87613876:GAT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:87613876:GATT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:87613876:GATTA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:87614040:CATAG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
X:87614041:ATAG:A	donor_gain	1.0000
X:87614042:TAG:T	donor_gain	1.0000
X:87614043:AG:A	donor_gain	1.0000
X:87614043:AGGT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
X:87614044:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
X:87614045:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
X:87614045:GTAA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
X:87614429:TCCA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:87614430:CCA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:87614431:CAGGT:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:87614432:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:87614432:AGGTT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:87614433:G:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:87614433:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:87614433:GGTT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:87614433:GGTTG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:87614567:ACAG:A	donor_gain	1.0000
X:87614571:G:GA	donor_loss	1.0000
X:87614571:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
X:87617921:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4720 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
X:87614038:C:A	A195D	1.000
X:87614442:T:A	L200H	1.000
X:87614442:T:C	L200P	1.000
X:87614475:T:C	F211S	1.000
X:87617979:G:C	A259P	1.000
X:87618028:T:C	L275P	1.000
X:87618056:C:G	C284W	1.000
X:87622340:T:A	W352R	1.000
X:87622340:T:C	W352R	1.000
X:87625743:G:C	R424T	1.000
X:87625744:A:C	R424S	1.000
X:87625744:A:T	R424S	1.000
X:87625776:G:A	G435E	1.000
X:87632329:G:A	G482R	1.000
X:87632329:G:C	G482R	1.000
X:87632330:G:A	G482E	1.000
X:87632330:G:T	G482V	1.000
X:87632332:G:A	G483R	1.000
X:87632332:G:C	G483R	1.000
X:87632333:G:A	G483E	1.000
X:87632333:G:T	G483V	1.000
X:87632422:C:G	R513G	1.000
X:87632423:G:C	R513P	1.000
X:87633775:T:G	Y526D	1.000
X:87633779:C:A	A527D	1.000
X:87633784:G:C	G529R	1.000
X:87633785:G:A	G529D	1.000
X:87633785:G:T	G529V	1.000
X:87633787:G:C	G530R	1.000
X:87633788:G:A	G530D	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000000039 (X:87622860 G>A), RS1000056566 (X:87565919 A>C), RS1000073224 (X:87524751 G>A), RS1000079775 (X:87631109 C>A,T), RS1000097467 (X:87632945 G>A), RS1000128028 (X:87565467 C>A), RS1000171983 (X:87530064 T>C), RS1000182090 (X:87530356 G>C), RS1000183131 (X:87614669 T>C), RS1000204470 (X:87529829 T>C), RS1000279087 (X:87652321 A>C), RS1000279608 (X:87668325 G>A), RS1000315206 (X:87540888 A>C), RS1000369958 (X:87548577 A>T), RS1000401087 (X:87531272 T>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:300348 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): intellectual disability (MONDO:0001071)

Orphanet (1): NON RARE IN EUROPE: Unexplained intellectual disability (Orphanet:319658)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST007600_22	Alzheimer’s disease	1.000000e-06

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D008607	Intellectual Disability	C10.597.606.360; C23.888.592.604.646; F01.700.687; F03.625.539

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

41 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects cotreatment, increases expression, affects expression	7
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases expression, increases mutagenesis, decreases expression, decreases methylation	4
Phenylmercuric Acetate	affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	increases expression, decreases expression	2
Aflatoxin B1	affects expression, decreases methylation	2
Particulate Matter	decreases expression, increases abundance	2
testosterone undecanoate	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
trichostatin A	increases expression	1
sodium arsenite	decreases expression	1
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	1
potassium chromate(VI)	decreases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects response to substance, increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
mercuric bromide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	decreases expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
ICG 001	decreases expression	1
abrine	increases expression	1
dorsomorphin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
jinfukang	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
incobotulinumtoxinA	decreases expression	1
NSC 689534	affects binding, increases expression	1
2,3,5-trichloro-6-phenyl-(1,4)benzoquinone	increases expression	1
Sunitinib	decreases expression	1
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Ethanol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Carbamazepine	affects expression	1
Cisplatin	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Copper	affects binding, increases expression	1
Diethylhexyl Phthalate	decreases expression	1
Doxorubicin	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

197 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT05657860	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Guanfacine Extended Release for the Reduction of Aggression and Self-injurious Behavior Associated With Prader-Willi Syndrome
NCT05744479	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Metformin for Antipsychotic-induced Weight Gain in Adults With Intellectual Disability
NCT06107829	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Valbenazine Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia in Adults With Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities
NCT06997198	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Deutetrabenazine Treatment for Tardive Dyskinesia in Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities
NCT02270736	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Clinical Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of NT 201 Compared to Placebo in the Treatment of Chronic Troublesome Drooling Associated With Neurological Disorders and/or Intellectual Disability
NCT02304302	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Down Syndrome Memantine Follow-up Study
NCT03862950	PHASE2	COMPLETED	A Trial of Metformin in Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome (Met)
NCT04529226	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Study to Compare Clozapine vs Treatment as Usual in People With Intellectual Disability & Treatment-resistant Psychosis
NCT04821856	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Cannabidiol in Treating Severe Behavioural Problems in Children and Adolescents With Intellectual Disability
NCT05273320	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Clinical Trial of Nabilone for Aggression in Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
NCT05301361	PHASE1	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Sensitivity of the NIH Toolbox to Stimulant Treatment in Intellectual Disabilities
NCT06016764	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Use of MRI and cTBS for Catatonia in Autism
NCT06586827	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Impact of Competency-Based Training and Technical Assistance Employment Outcomes of Individuals With ID/DD
NCT07531940	PHASE1	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Escalating Doses of Memantine in Down Syndrome (MEDS-123)
NCT03479476	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Trial of Metformin in Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome
NCT02616796	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Effects of Social Gaze Training on Brain and Behavior in Fragile X Syndrome
NCT06860672	EARLY_PHASE1	RECRUITING	Clinical Trial of the Dual Vector Base Editor for the Treatment of the CHD3-R1025W Mutation
NCT00597948	Not specified	COMPLETED	Healthy Lifestyles for People With Intellectual Disabilities
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