KRT1

Summary

KRT1 (keratin 1, HGNC:6412) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 12q13.13, encoding Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 1 (P04264). May regulate the activity of kinases such as PKC and SRC via binding to integrin beta-1 (ITB1) and the receptor of activated protein C kinase 1 (RACK1).

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. This type II cytokeratin is specifically expressed in the spinous and granular layers of the epidermis with family member KRT10 and mutations in these genes have been associated with bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. The type II cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 12q12-q13.

Source: NCBI Gene 3848 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): annular epidermolytic ichthyosis (Definitive, GenCC) — +10 more curated relationships
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 282 total — 29 pathogenic, 16 likely-pathogenic
• Phenotypes (HPO): 54
• MANE Select transcript: NM_006121

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:6412
Approved symbol	KRT1
Name	keratin 1
Location	12q13.13
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	KRT1A
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000167768
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	139350
Entrez	3848

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 1 protein_coding, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000252244, ENST00000548765

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_006121 NM_006121

CCDS: CCDS8836

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000252244 — 9 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000837921	52679758	52680407
ENSE00000837930	52677316	52677480
ENSE00001116745	52674736	52675617
ENSE00001154264	52675710	52675744
ENSE00001154292	52677650	52677745
ENSE00001154308	52678542	52678756
ENSE00001772895	52678163	52678223
ENSE00003567229	52677059	52677184
ENSE00003624098	52676275	52676495

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 177 present calls, max score 99.97.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 16.0684 / max 6803.1682, expressed in 108 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
131121	12.2186	55
131120	3.6781	55
206718	0.1452	13
131119	0.0266	9

Top tissues by expression

288 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
mammalian vulva	UBERON:0000997	99.97	gold quality
upper leg skin	UBERON:0004262	99.97	gold quality
skin of hip	UBERON:0001554	99.96	gold quality
upper arm skin	UBERON:0004263	99.96	gold quality
penis	UBERON:0000989	99.91	gold quality
nipple	UBERON:0002030	99.90	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	99.48	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	99.44	gold quality
zone of skin	UBERON:0000014	99.15	gold quality
cervix epithelium	UBERON:0004801	98.27	gold quality
cervix squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006922	98.18	gold quality
tongue squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006919	97.66	gold quality
gingiva	UBERON:0001828	97.14	gold quality
gingival epithelium	UBERON:0001949	96.27	gold quality
vagina	UBERON:0000996	90.48	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	89.43	gold quality
thymus	UBERON:0002370	88.79	gold quality
squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006914	88.61	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	86.97	gold quality
epithelium of esophagus	UBERON:0001976	84.13	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	82.83	gold quality
esophagus squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006920	82.37	gold quality
trabecular bone tissue	UBERON:0002483	81.38	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	80.28	gold quality
uterine cervix	UBERON:0000002	80.10	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	78.83	gold quality
mouth mucosa	UBERON:0003729	78.82	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	78.05	gold quality
esophagus	UBERON:0001043	78.00	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	77.66	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 11 experiment(s), a significant marker in 10.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-8142	yes	8734.51
E-GEOD-70580	yes	889.10
E-CURD-88	yes	34.64
E-MTAB-8410	yes	13.90
E-CURD-112	yes	11.47
E-MTAB-9221	yes	11.23
E-CURD-46	yes	4.88
E-MTAB-9067	yes	3.58
E-HCAD-10	yes	3.57
E-MTAB-9467	no	1.41
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AR, CRH, CTNNB1, IL1B, MED1, NCOA3, PAX6, RUNX1, TCF7L2, TGFB1, TGFB2, VDR

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

46 targeting KRT1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-6748-5P	100.00	65.81	1057
HSA-MIR-450A-1-3P	100.00	69.33	1837
HSA-MIR-6870-5P	99.99	68.55	2115
HSA-MIR-32-5P	99.98	75.21	1964
HSA-MIR-92A-3P	99.98	75.21	1960
HSA-MIR-92B-3P	99.98	75.25	1955
HSA-MIR-6891-5P	99.98	66.53	1372
HSA-MIR-4723-5P	99.97	68.70	2034
HSA-MIR-5698	99.97	68.49	2029
HSA-MIR-7111-5P	99.97	68.48	2062
HSA-MIR-607	99.97	73.62	5593
HSA-LET-7C-3P	99.95	73.42	2862
HSA-MIR-5010-5P	99.94	64.11	705
HSA-MIR-4525	99.94	64.38	675
HSA-MIR-627-3P	99.90	71.42	3316
HSA-MIR-4731-5P	99.89	67.23	2537
HSA-MIR-6739-5P	99.80	67.87	2806
HSA-MIR-6733-5P	99.74	67.94	2759
HSA-MIR-1255A	99.74	68.09	744
HSA-MIR-1255B-5P	99.74	68.16	741
HSA-MIR-3175	99.65	66.30	2031
HSA-MIR-452-5P	99.65	69.63	1762
HSA-MIR-4756-3P	99.62	66.30	1319
HSA-MIR-3153	99.55	67.59	2337
HSA-MIR-105-5P	99.54	69.24	2060
HSA-MIR-7853-5P	99.54	69.30	2055
HSA-MIR-203A-3P	99.49	70.56	2806
HSA-MIR-1275	99.47	67.90	2749
HSA-MIR-5580-5P	99.38	66.96	1139
HSA-MIR-4505	99.27	67.81	2678

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• alpha-keratin intermediate filaments have a low-density core as seen by cryoelectron microscopy (PMID:12064938)
• The humans hair Keratin 1 genes are each clustered in the genome and clusters are part of the large typeI epithelial keratin gene domains on chromosomes. (PMID:15797458)
• bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (BCIE) caused by a mutation in the 1A helix initiation motif of keratin 1. (PMID:16361731)
• A new genetic polymorphism has been detected, which is especially prevalent among the African-American population. (PMID:16417221)
• Allelic expression differences result from the cumulative contribution of multiple DNA sequence polymorphisms. (PMID:16789827)
• Data demonstrate that genetic variants in the KRT1 interval contribute to quantifiable differences in the migration rates of keratinocytes isolated from different individuals. (PMID:17668073)
• RT-PCR and western blot analysis revealed a delay in the expression of the differentiation markers K1, K10 and involucrin in HaCaT cells compared with normal human keratinocytes (PMID:18637039)
• The 2 keratin 1 mutations are associated with tonotubular keratin, i.e. ‘whorls’ of aggregated keratin that form tubules as seen in transverse or in longitudinal sections (PMID:18795921)
• Mutation L437P in the 2B domain of keratin 1 causes diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma in a Chinese pedigree. (PMID:19470048)
• Keratin 1, an intermediate filament network component, is the binding partner of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus nucleoprotein. (PMID:19494018)
• Infection by HPV may alter the differentiation status of the epidermis, leading to delayed or absent expression of cytokeratin 1. (PMID:19515043)
• keratin 1 L12 domain mutations are associated with a milder epidermolytic ichthyosis phenotype with pronounced palmoplantar keratoderma, and without neonatal erythroderma and scaling. (PMID:20500210)
• mutation analysis in patients with epidermolytic ichthyosis by direct sequencing of KRT1 and KRT10 genes; identified 14 different mutations, of which four have not been published previously (PMID:21271994)
• High cytokeratin is associated with colorectal carcinogenesis. (PMID:21912905)
• we describe one Chinese family affected with EHK, type PS-1 (severe palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, type 1) and report a recurrent missense mutation (c.1436T>C) in the 2B rod domain of KRT1 in this family. (PMID:22250628)
• Identification Keratin 1 as a cDDP-resistant protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines. (PMID:22348822)
• study reports 2 related women of Colombian origin, affected by a severe ichthyosis curth-macklin phenotype, who present a novel KRT1 mutation c.1577delG (p.Gly526Alafs*88) (PMID:22834809)
• Absence of Krt1 caused a prenatal increase in interleukin-18 (IL-18) and the S100A8 and S100A9 proteins, accompanied by a barrier defect and perinatal lethality. (PMID:23132931)
• Among Japanese patients with bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma for which genetic diagnosis was determined, all showed mustations in KRT1 or KRT10. (PMID:23182068)
• Case Report/Letter: specific mutation in 2B domain of KRT1 gives rise to mild phenotype of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis mimicking ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens. (PMID:23623204)
• identified among endothelial antigens to which antibodies are produced during heart transplant rejection (PMID:23707440)
• Hsp74, a potential bladder cancer marker, has direct interaction with keratin 1. (PMID:25050384)
• Decreased levels of cytokeratin-1 is associated with breast cancer. (PMID:25073515)
• analysis of a heterozygous novel splice junction mutation in the 2B domain of KRT1 in a family with diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma (PMID:25429721)
• In HeLa cells transiently expressing C2GnT-M-GFP, knockdown of KRT1 does not affect Golgi morphology but leaves C2GnT-M outside of the Golgi, resulting in the formation of sialyl-T antigen. (PMID:25605727)
• In ichthyosis with confetti, a causal de novo KRT1 mutation had a C-terminal frameshift, replacing 22 C-terminal AAs with an alternate 30-AA peptide. It distorted the IF network and mislocalized to the nucleus. Reversion occurred by mitotic recombination. (PMID:25774499)
• In our study, the missense mutation in the proband and his mother with epidermolytic ichthyosis was a single amino acid difference in codon 478, which causes more serious skin manifestations (PMID:25808222)
• demonstrated the presence of a genetic cutaneous mosaicism. Both patients carry the KRT1 pI479T substitution, but in the palmoplantar areas of one of them, only the mutated allele is expressed (hemizygous). This leads to highlight a new type of cutaneous mosaic, the palmoplantar mosaicism (PMID:25904304)
• Complete structure of an epithelial keratin 1/keratin 10 dimer has been presented. (PMID:26181054)
• These findings indicate that exogenous FABP4 interacts with plasma membrane proteins, specifically CK1. (PMID:26343611)
• Report genetic/clinical spectrum of KRT1 mutations in keratinopathic ichthyosis. (PMID:26581228)
• Results show that missense mutations exert dominant negative effects on the keratins K1/K10 protein structure by altering inter-chain interactions. (PMID:27421141)
• The authors report a large Italian family affected Palmoplantar Keratoderma and Charcot Marie Tooth disease. Two different mutated genes, KRT1 and MPZ were responsible for the two main clinical signs. Exome analysis detected two missense mutations, one in KRT1 and one in MPZ. (PMID:27639257)
• Case Report: post-zygotic mosaicism of KRT/1o mutations in epidermolytic Ichthyosis. (PMID:27722766)
• KRT1 played an important role of maintaining epithelial barrier and its down-regulation in intestinal tissue was correlated with the progression of inflammatory bowel disease. (PMID:28111259)
• KRT1 and the specific polymorphism of KRT1 in this Chinese Han population are associated with autoimmune diseases SLE and SSc (PMID:29028840)
• PAWS1 interacts and co-localises with the alpha isoform of casein kinase 1 (CK1), and that PAWS1 mutations incapable of binding CK1 fail both to activate Wnt signalling and to elicit axis duplication in Xenopus embryos. (PMID:29514862)
• A colon score derived from serum CEA, CA19-9, CK1 and MUC1 is a potential valuable non-invasive index that could be used for detection and screening early stage colon cancer patients (PMID:29734875)
• Results showed identical expression pattern for KRT1 and KRT10, their expression was higher in pediatric cases than in adults, especially in pediatric recurrent samples. (PMID:30021014)
• Study reports four unrelated cases (one with sporadic epidermolytic ichthyosis and three with autosomal dominant palmoplantar keratoderma), due to two novel and two recurrent KRT1 mutations. Mutations in KRT1 are not only scattered throughout the keratin 1 protein, as opposed to being clustered, but can result in a range of phenotypes as further confirmed by these mutations, giving a complex genotype/phenotype pattern. (PMID:30288772)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Krt1	ENSMUSG00000046834
rattus_norvegicus	Krt1	ENSRNOG00000028996

Paralogs (68): KRT33A (ENSG00000006059), VIM (ENSG00000026025), KRT31 (ENSG00000094796), NEFM (ENSG00000104722), KRT23 (ENSG00000108244), KRT37 (ENSG00000108417), KRT32 (ENSG00000108759), KRT18 (ENSG00000111057), LMNB1 (ENSG00000113368), KRT36 (ENSG00000126337), KRT17 (ENSG00000128422), GFAP (ENSG00000131095), KRT34 (ENSG00000131737), KRT33B (ENSG00000131738), NES (ENSG00000132688), PRPH (ENSG00000135406), KRT85 (ENSG00000135443), KRT7 (ENSG00000135480), KRT71 (ENSG00000139648), INA (ENSG00000148798), LMNTD1 (ENSG00000152936), LMNA (ENSG00000160789), KRT84 (ENSG00000161849), KRT82 (ENSG00000161850), KRT80 (ENSG00000167767), KRT24 (ENSG00000167916), KRT8 (ENSG00000170421), KRT78 (ENSG00000170423), KRT86 (ENSG00000170442), KRT75 (ENSG00000170454), KRT6C (ENSG00000170465), KRT4 (ENSG00000170477), KRT74 (ENSG00000170484), KRT72 (ENSG00000170486), KRT83 (ENSG00000170523), BFSP2 (ENSG00000170819), KRT19 (ENSG00000171345), KRT15 (ENSG00000171346), KRT38 (ENSG00000171360), KRT13 (ENSG00000171401)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 1 — P04264 (reviewed: P04264)

Alternative names: 67 kDa cytokeratin, Cytokeratin-1, Hair alpha protein, Keratin-1, Type-II keratin Kb1

All UniProt accessions (1): P04264

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. May regulate the activity of kinases such as PKC and SRC via binding to integrin beta-1 (ITB1) and the receptor of activated protein C kinase 1 (RACK1). In complex with C1QBP is a high affinity receptor for kininogen-1/HMWK.

Subunit / interactions. Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins. Heterodimer with KRT10. Two heterodimers of KRT1 and KRT10 form a heterotetramer. Forms a heterodimer with KRT14; the interaction is more abundant in the absence of KRT5. Interacts with PLEC isoform 1C, when in a heterodimer with KRT10. Interacts with ITGB1 in the presence of RACK1 and SRC, and with RACK1. Interacts with C1QBP; the association represents a cell surface kininogen receptor. Interacts with EPPK1; interaction is dependent of higher-order structure of intermediate filament.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane. Cytoplasm.

Tissue specificity. The source of this protein is neonatal foreskin. The 67-kDa type II keratins are expressed in terminally differentiating epidermis.

Post-translational modifications. Undergoes deimination of some arginine residues (citrullination).

Disease relevance. Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 1 (EHK1) [MIM:113800] A skin disorder characterized by widespread blistering and an ichthyotic erythroderma at birth that persist into adulthood. Histologically there is a diffuse epidermolytic degeneration in the lower spinous layer of the epidermis. Within a few weeks from birth, erythroderma and blister formation diminish and hyperkeratoses develop. EHK1 inheritance is autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ichthyosis hystrix, Curth-Macklin type (IHCM) [MIM:146590] A genodermatosis with severe verrucous hyperkeratosis. Affected individuals manifest congenital verrucous black scale on the scalp, neck, and limbs with truncal erythema, palmoplantar keratoderma and keratoses on the lips, ears, nipples and buttocks. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Keratoderma, palmoplantar, non-epidermolytic (NEPPK) [MIM:600962] A dermatological disorder characterized by well-demarcated hyperkeratosis is present over the palms and soles. A red band is frequently present at the periphery of the keratosis. It is usually non-transgredient, with a sharp demarcation of the lesions at the wrists. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ichthyosis, annular epidermolytic, 2 (AEI2) [MIM:620148] A form of annular epidermolytic ichthyosis, an autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by polycyclic, migratory erythematous and scaly plaques. AEI2 patients manifest erythema and blistering of skin at birth that improves without scarring, as well as palmoplantar keratoderma. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Keratoderma, palmoplantar, striate 3 (SPPK3) [MIM:607654] A dermatological disorder characterized by thickening of the stratum corneum and epidermal layers on palms and soles. There is no involvement of non-palmoplantar skin, and both hair and nails are normal. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Palmoplantar keratoderma, epidermolytic, 2 (EPPK2) [MIM:620411] A form of epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma, a dermatological disorder characterized by diffuse thickening of the epidermis on the entire surface of palms and soles sharply bordered with erythematous margins. Some patients may present knuckle pads, thick pads of skin appearing over the proximal phalangeal joints. EPPK2 is an autosomal dominant form in which hyperkeratosis is restricted to palms and soles and is apparent from birth or childhood. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Induction. Repressed in keratinocytes by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), via reduction of mRNA stability.

Polymorphism. There are two size variants of KRT1, termed allele 1A and allele 1B with allelic frequencies of 0.61 and 0.39. Allele 1B lacks 7 residues compared to allele 1A.

Miscellaneous. There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).

Similarity. Belongs to the intermediate filament family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_006112* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR003054	Keratin_II	Family
IPR018039	IF_conserved	Conserved_site
IPR032444	Keratin_2_head	Domain
IPR032449	Keratin_2_1_tail	Domain
IPR039008	IF_rod_dom	Domain

Pfam: PF00038, PF16208, PF16210

UniProt features (75 total): sequence variant 29, sequence conflict 14, region of interest 10, modified residue 10, compositionally biased region 6, helix 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, site 1, domain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

3 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
6UUI	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.07
6E2J	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.39
4ZRY	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.3

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P04264-F1	66.62	0.31

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 433 (stutter)

Post-translational modifications (10): 12, 18, 21, 45, 66, 82, 276, 344, 518, 588

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

10 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-6798695	Neutrophil degranulation
R-HSA-6805567	Keratinization
R-HSA-6809371	Formation of the cornified envelope
R-HSA-9725554	Differentiation of Keratinocytes in Interfollicular Epidermis in Mammalian Skin
R-HSA-9855719	Regulation of FXIIa and plasma kallikrein activity
R-HSA-9970672	FXIIa activates plasma kallikrein-kinin system
R-HSA-1266738	Developmental Biology
R-HSA-168249	Innate Immune System
R-HSA-168256	Immune System
R-HSA-9734767	Developmental Cell Lineages

MSigDB gene sets: 311 (showing top): VERHAAK_AML_WITH_NPM1_MUTATED_DN, GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, MORF_FLT1, REACTOME_INNATE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_INTERMEDIATE_FILAMENT_BASED_PROCESS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_WOUND_HEALING, GOBP_INTERMEDIATE_FILAMENT_ORGANIZATION, GOBP_INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_COAGULATION, JAEGER_METASTASIS_DN, GOCC_SECRETORY_GRANULE, MORF_ESR1, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_COAGULATION, GOBP_WOUND_HEALING, VART_KSHV_INFECTION_ANGIOGENIC_MARKERS_UP

GO Biological Process (11): complement activation, lectin pathway (GO:0001867), response to oxidative stress (GO:0006979), keratinization (GO:0031424), fibrinolysis (GO:0042730), intermediate filament organization (GO:0045109), regulation of angiogenesis (GO:0045765), negative regulation of inflammatory response (GO:0050728), protein heterotetramerization (GO:0051290), establishment of skin barrier (GO:0061436), cornification (GO:0070268), peptide cross-linking (GO:0018149)

GO Molecular Function (5): carbohydrate binding (GO:0030246), structural constituent of skin epidermis (GO:0030280), signaling receptor activity (GO:0038023), protein heterodimerization activity (GO:0046982), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (14): cornified envelope (GO:0001533), extracellular region (GO:0005576), obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), nucleus (GO:0005634), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytosol (GO:0005829), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), membrane (GO:0016020), keratin filament (GO:0045095), extracellular exosome (GO:0070062), blood microparticle (GO:0072562), ficolin-1-rich granule lumen (GO:1904813), intermediate filament (GO:0005882), plasma membrane (GO:0005886)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-6 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Innate Immune System	2
Developmental Biology	2
Keratinization	1
Developmental Cell Lineages of the Integumentary System	1
FXIIa activates plasma kallikrein-kinin system	1
Immune System	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	5
binding	2
complement activation	1
innate immune response	1
response to stress	1
keratinocyte differentiation	1
multicellular organismal process	1
negative regulation of blood coagulation	1
intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization	1
supramolecular fiber organization	1
angiogenesis	1
regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis	1
regulation of vasculature development	1
inflammatory response	1
negative regulation of defense response	1
negative regulation of response to external stimulus	1
regulation of inflammatory response	1
protein tetramerization	1
protein heterooligomerization	1
skin epidermis development	1
programmed cell death	1
keratinization	1
cornified envelope assembly	1
protein modification process	1
structural molecule activity	1
molecular transducer activity	1
protein dimerization activity	1
plasma membrane	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cytoplasm	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
intermediate filament	1
extracellular vesicle	1
extracellular region	1
intracellular organelle lumen	1
ficolin-1-rich granule	1
intermediate filament cytoskeleton	1
polymeric cytoskeletal fiber	1
membrane	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

2222 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
KRT1	KRT10	P13645	968
KRT1	C1QBP	Q07021	949
KRT1	FLG	P20930	942
KRT1	FLG2	Q5D862	942
KRT1	LORICRIN	P23490	917
KRT1	DSG1	Q02413	903
KRT1	KNG1	P01042	901
KRT1	IVL	P07476	850
KRT1	DSG3	P32926	716
KRT1	EPHA6	Q9UF33	713
KRT1	LRRC26	Q2I0M4	712
KRT1	PLAUR	Q03405	699
KRT1	CDSN	Q15517	670
KRT1	TGM1	P22735	669
KRT1	DSP	P15924	662

IntAct

212 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
KRT1	NUP62	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.740
KRT1	KRT15	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.740
KRT1	KRT33B	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.740
KRT1	GOLGA2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
CFTR	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.710
KRT10	KRT1	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.650
KRT10	KRT1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.650
KRT1	TRIM27	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.600

BioGRID (282): KRT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), KRT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), KRT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), KRT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), KRT1 (Co-fractionation), KRT10 (Co-fractionation), KRT2 (Co-fractionation), KRT5 (Co-fractionation), KRT77 (Co-fractionation), PRSS1 (Co-fractionation), KRT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), KRT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), KRT1 (Reconstituted Complex), KRT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), KRT1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A5A6M6, A5A6M8, O95678, P02535, P02537, P02538, P04104, P04259, P04264, P06394, P07744, P08776, P12035, P13645, P13647, P16878, P18520, P19013, P35527, P35908, P48668, P50446, Q01546, Q08D91, Q148H7, Q29426, Q2M2I5, Q3TTY5, Q3UV17, Q4FZU2, Q5XQN5, Q6EIY9, Q6EIZ0, Q6EIZ1, Q6IFW6, Q6IFZ6, Q6IG00, Q6IG01, Q6IG02, Q6IG05

Diamond homologs: A0A8C0N8E3, A0JND2, A3KN27, A4FUZ0, A5A6M6, A5A6M8, A5A6N0, A6QNX5, A6QQJ3, A7YWK3, E1AB55, O43790, O93532, O95678, P02538, P04104, P04259, P04264, P04265, P04266, P05786, P05787, P07744, P08670, P08729, P08776, P11679, P12035, P13647, P15241, P15331, P16878, P18520, P19013, P21807, P25691, P35908, P41219, P48616, P48668

SIGNOR signaling

8 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
KRT1	“up-regulates activity”	APC	phosphorylation
PLAUR	“up-regulates activity”	KRT1	binding
C1QBP	“up-regulates activity”	KRT1	binding
CRH	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	KRT1	“transcriptional regulation”
IL1B	“down-regulates quantity by repression”	KRT1	“transcriptional regulation”
TGFB1	“down-regulates quantity by repression”	KRT1	“transcriptional regulation”
TGFB2	“down-regulates quantity by repression”	KRT1	“transcriptional regulation”
KRT1	“up-regulates quantity”	MPO	binding

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 123 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Formation of the cornified envelope	19	19.2×	6e-17
Differentiation of Keratinocytes in Interfollicular Epidermis in Mammalian Skin	5	16.0×	1e-03
Developmental Cell Lineages	5	12.9×	3e-03
Keratinization	19	12.2×	2e-13
Macroautophagy	6	8.0×	6e-03
Neddylation	13	7.1×	4e-06

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
morphogenesis of an epithelium	19	62.8×	2e-27
intermediate filament organization	19	44.0×	4e-24
epithelial cell differentiation	16	27.0×	2e-16
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	7	24.1×	2e-06
autophagosome maturation	5	16.9×	1e-03
mitophagy	5	15.3×	2e-03
G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle	6	11.6×	1e-03
autophagosome assembly	5	10.8×	7e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

282 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	29
Likely pathogenic	16
Uncertain significance	131
Likely benign	27
Benign	32

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (30)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
15907	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.931G>C (p.Glu311Gln)	Pathogenic
15908	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.482T>C (p.Leu161Pro)	Pathogenic
15910	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.221A>T (p.Lys74Ile)	Pathogenic
15912	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1435A>T (p.Ile479Phe)	Pathogenic
15913	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.464T>A (p.Val155Asp)	Pathogenic
15914	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.564C>A (p.Asn188Lys)	Pathogenic
15919	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1609_1610delinsA (p.Gly537fs)	Pathogenic
15921	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1757dup (p.Tyr587fs)	Pathogenic
1698955	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1433A>G (p.Glu478Gly)	Pathogenic
1799555	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1860dup (p.Gly621fs)	Pathogenic
1799556	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1577del (p.Gly526fs)	Pathogenic
2098673	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.584T>A (p.Ile195Asn)	Pathogenic
2664090	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.560T>C (p.Leu187Pro)	Pathogenic
391788	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1434G>C (p.Glu478Asp)	Pathogenic
451394	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.591+1G>T	Pathogenic
4686620	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1255-1G>T	Pathogenic
4718755	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1846dup (p.Arg616fs)	Pathogenic
548649	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1865dup (p.Val623fs)	Pathogenic
66619	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1254+1G>A	Pathogenic
66622	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1376_1399del (p.Ala459_Gln466del)	Pathogenic
66626	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1432G>C (p.Glu478Gln)	Pathogenic
66627	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1434G>T (p.Glu478Asp)	Pathogenic
66636	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1556del (p.Gly519fs)	Pathogenic
66638	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.1628del (p.Gly543fs)	Pathogenic
66648	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.559C>T (p.Leu187Phe)	Pathogenic
66651	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.571T>A (p.Phe191Ile)	Pathogenic
66656	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.591+1G>C	Pathogenic
66657	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.591+2T>A	Pathogenic
66659	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.623T>C (p.Leu208Pro)	Pathogenic
1193914	NM_006121.4(KRT1):c.593T>G (p.Val198Gly)	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

766 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
12:52675613:CACAG:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52675614:ACAGC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
12:52675615:CAG:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52675618:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52675618:CTGCA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
12:52675708:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
12:52675709:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
12:52675709:CA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
12:52675709:CACA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
12:52675741:CATC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52675742:ATC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52675743:TC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52675744:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52675745:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52676264:C:A	donor_gain	1.0000
12:52676269:CCTCA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
12:52676270:CTCA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
12:52676271:TCA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
12:52676272:CACCT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
12:52676273:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
12:52676274:C:CA	donor_loss	1.0000
12:52676274:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
12:52676274:CCTG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
12:52676491:GAGAT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52676492:AGAT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52676493:GAT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52676494:AT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52676496:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
12:52677056:TA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
12:52677058:C:CA	donor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4203 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
12:52678166:C:A	K288N	1.000
12:52678166:C:G	K288N	1.000
12:52676432:C:G	A440P	0.999
12:52676465:C:G	A429P	0.999
12:52677339:C:G	A369P	0.999
12:52678168:T:C	K288E	0.999
12:52678178:A:C	F284L	0.999
12:52678178:A:T	F284L	0.999
12:52678180:A:G	F284L	0.999
12:52678192:C:G	A280P	0.999
12:52678200:C:G	R277P	0.999
12:52678548:C:G	R267P	0.999
12:52678716:T:A	K211I	0.999
12:52678725:A:G	L208P	0.999
12:52678740:T:G	Q203P	0.999
12:52678746:A:G	L201P	0.999
12:52679774:G:T	A192D	0.999
12:52679776:A:C	F191L	0.999
12:52679776:A:T	F191L	0.999
12:52679777:A:C	F191C	0.999
12:52679777:A:G	F191S	0.999
12:52679778:A:G	F191L	0.999
12:52679785:G:C	N188K	0.999
12:52679785:G:T	N188K	0.999
12:52679789:A:G	L187P	0.999
12:52676296:A:G	L485P	0.998
12:52676306:A:G	Y482H	0.998
12:52676312:C:G	A480P	0.998
12:52676326:A:G	L475P	0.998
12:52676347:A:G	L468P	0.998

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000232466 (12:52676072 G>A), RS1000300354 (12:52682329 C>G,T), RS1000448559 (12:52681424 C>A), RS1000569884 (12:52674433 C>A,T), RS1000764461 (12:52681863 A>G), RS1001063317 (12:52680939 A>C), RS1001230054 (12:52677711 A>C), RS1001468383 (12:52677910 C>G), RS1002051792 (12:52679032 T>C), RS1003816848 (12:52679355 A>G,T), RS1004946466 (12:52676669 A>C,G), RS1005083239 (12:52677640 G>T), RS1005672197 (12:52674450 C>T), RS1006946510 (12:52676816 T>C,G), RS1007721408 (12:52681697 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:139350 | disease phenotypes: MIM:113800, MIM:600962, MIM:607602, MIM:620148, MIM:146590, MIM:620411, MIM:607654, MIM:144200, MIM:609165

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
ichthyosis hystrix of Curth-Macklin	Definitive	Autosomal dominant
annular epidermolytic ichthyosis	Definitive	Autosomal dominant
ichthyosis, annular epidermolytic, 2	Strong	Autosomal dominant
epidermolytic ichthyosis	Strong	Autosomal dominant
diffuse nonepidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma	Strong	Autosomal dominant
ichthyosis, annular epidermolytic 1	Strong	Autosomal dominant
palmoplantar keratosis	Strong	Autosomal dominant
ichthyosis	Strong	Autosomal dominant
congenital reticular ichthyosiform erythroderma	Supportive	Autosomal dominant
striate palmoplantar keratoderma	Supportive	Autosomal dominant
autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 11	Limited	Autosomal recessive

Mondo (17): epidermolytic ichthyosis (MONDO:0007239), diffuse nonepidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma (MONDO:0010962), annular epidermolytic ichthyosis (MONDO:0011870), ichthyosis, annular epidermolytic, 2 (MONDO:0859574), ichthyosis hystrix of Curth-Macklin (MONDO:0007808), prostate cancer (MONDO:0008315), epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 1 (MONDO:0700249), palmoplantar keratoderma, epidermolytic, 2 (MONDO:0957303), ichthyosis, annular epidermolytic 1 (MONDO:0100303), ichthyosis (MONDO:0019269), keratosis palmoplantaris striata 3 (MONDO:0011881), palmoplantar keratoderma, epidermolytic (MONDO:0968949), congenital reticular ichthyosiform erythroderma (MONDO:0012208), hereditary angioedema with normal C1Inh (MONDO:0100567), autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 11 (MONDO:0011218)

Orphanet (9): Autosomal dominant epidermolytic ichthyosis (Orphanet:312), KRT1-related diffuse nonepidermolytic keratoderma (Orphanet:530838), Annular epidermolytic ichthyosis (Orphanet:281139), Ichthyosis hystrix of Curth-Macklin (Orphanet:79503), Familial prostate cancer (Orphanet:1331), Ichthyosis (Orphanet:79354), Congenital reticular ichthyosiform erythroderma (Orphanet:281190), Hereditary angioedema with normal C1Inh (Orphanet:528647), Thost-Unna palmoplantar keratoderma (Orphanet:496)

HPO phenotypes

54 total (30 of 54 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0000006	Autosomal dominant inheritance
HP:0000007	Autosomal recessive inheritance
HP:0000958	Dry skin
HP:0000962	Hyperkeratosis
HP:0000972	Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis
HP:0000975	Hyperhidrosis
HP:0000982	Palmoplantar keratoderma
HP:0000992	Cutaneous photosensitivity
HP:0001019	Erythroderma
HP:0001030	Fragile skin
HP:0001047	Atopic dermatitis
HP:0001217	Clubbing
HP:0001220	Interphalangeal joint contracture of finger
HP:0001231	Abnormal fingernail morphology
HP:0001371	Flexion contracture
HP:0001551	Abnormal umbilicus morphology
HP:0001581	Recurrent skin infections
HP:0001595	Abnormal hair morphology
HP:0001597	Abnormal nail morphology
HP:0001598	Concave nail
HP:0001824	Weight loss
HP:0002212	Curly hair
HP:0003577	Congenital onset
HP:0004396	Poor appetite
HP:0004690	Thickened Achilles tendon
HP:0006203	Decreased movement range in interphalangeal joints
HP:0007404	Nonepidermolytic palmoplantar hyperkeratosis
HP:0007446	Palmoplantar blistering
HP:0007447	Diffuse palmoplantar hyperkeratosis
HP:0007460	Autoamputation of digits

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

MeSH disease descriptors (8)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D017488	Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic	C16.131.831.512.400.375; C16.320.850.400.375; C16.614.492.400.375; C17.800.428.333.250.375; C17.800.804.512.400.375; C17.800.827.400.375
D007057	Ichthyosis	C16.131.831.512; C16.614.492; C17.800.428.333; C17.800.804.512
D011471	Prostatic Neoplasms	C04.588.945.440.770; C12.100.500.260.750; C12.100.500.565.625; C12.200.294.260.750; C12.200.294.565.625; C12.200.758.409.750; C12.900.619.750
C563781	Erythrokeratoderma, Reticular (supp.)
C536088	Ichthyosis hystrix, Curth Macklin type (supp.)
C536273	Ichthyosis with hypotrichosis, autosomal recessive (supp.)
C564367	Ichthyosis, Cyclic, with Epidermolytic Hyperkeratosis (supp.)
C536163	Keratosis palmoplantaris striata 3 (supp.)

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

79 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
sodium arsenite	increases abundance, increases reaction, decreases reaction, increases expression, affects reaction (+1 more)	8
Arsenic	decreases expression, increases abundance, affects methylation, increases expression	5
Mustard Gas	decreases reaction, increases expression, increases reaction, increases cleavage	4
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	affects expression, decreases expression	4
Particulate Matter	increases expression, decreases expression, increases abundance	4
bisphenol A	affects expression, decreases expression, decreases reaction	2
sodium arsenate	increases expression, increases reaction, decreases expression, increases abundance	2
arsenite	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases reaction, decreases reaction	2
U 0126	decreases expression, decreases reaction, increases reaction, increases expression, increases abundance	2
N-(N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)alanyl)phenylglycine tert-butyl ester	decreases reaction, increases expression, decreases expression	2
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	2
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	2
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases expression, increases methylation	2
Cadmium	decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation, affects binding	2
Calcium	increases expression, increases reaction, decreases reaction	2
bisphenol F	increases expression	1
4-oxoretinoic acid	decreases expression	1
tungsten carbide	affects binding, decreases expression	1
titanium dioxide	decreases expression	1
pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl ether	decreases expression, affects cotreatment, affects localization	1
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	1
2-bromopalmitate	decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation	1
phenyl isocyanate	affects binding	1
epigallocatechin gallate	decreases expression	1
avobenzone	decreases expression	1
antimonite	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases reaction, decreases reaction	1
4-((3-bromophenyl)amino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
SB 203580	decreases expression, decreases reaction, increases expression	1
2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	increases reaction, increases expression	1

Cellosaurus cell lines

4 cell lines: 3 cancer cell line, 1 transformed cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_B8JI	Abcam HCT 116 KRT1 KO	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_B9LS	Abcam A-549 KRT1 KO	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_D2G2	Abcam MCF-7 KRT1 KO	Cancer cell line	Female
CVCL_ZE30	EH11	Transformed cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

324 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT04996485	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Scientific Substantiation and Assessment of the Effectiveness of Pathogenetic Methods of Therapy for Congenital Ichthyosis in Children
NCT00029224	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment With Zoledronic Acid in Patients With Breast Cancer, Multiple Myeloma, and Prostate Cancer With Cancer Related Bone Lesions
NCT00035997	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Open-label Trial on the Effect of I.V. Zoledronic Acid 4 mg on Bone Density in Hormone Sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients With Bone Metastasis
NCT00063609	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Bone Loss in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy
NCT00103623	PHASE4	SUSPENDED	The Plenaxis® Experience Study
NCT00106392	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Safety and Efficacy Study of Prograf in the Prevention of Erectile Dysfunction After Radical Prostatectomy
NCT00185029	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	MR-Lymphography and Lymph Node Staging in Prostate Cancer
NCT00199485	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Angelica Sinensis for the Treatment of Hot Flashes in Men Undergoing LHRH Therapy for Prostate Cancer
NCT00219219	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Zoledronic Acid in the Prevention of Skeletal-related Events in Hormone Refractory and Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients With Bone Metastases
NCT00219271	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect Of Zoledronic Acid On Circulating And Bone Marrow-Residing Prostate Cancer Cells In Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
NCT00237146	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study to Evaluate Zoledronic Acid on Quality of Life and Skeletal-related Events as Adjuvant Treatment in Patients With Hormone-naïve Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastasis Who Have Undergone Orchiectomy
NCT00242554	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Open-label Phase IV Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of Zoledronic Acid in Patients With Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases
NCT00280098	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Docetaxel in the Treatment of Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer
NCT00293696	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Casodex/Zoladex Biomarkers in Localised Prostate Cancer
NCT00334139	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Bone Metabolism in Patients With Bone Metastasis and Prostate or Breast Cancer
NCT00375765	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects On Dihydrotestosterone Regulated Gene Expression In Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Or Prostate Cancer
NCT00391690	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Bone Markers as Diagnostic Tools for Early Detection of Bone Metastases in Patients With High Risk Prostate Cancer
NCT00422708	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Local Anesthesia for Prostate Biopsy
NCT00526331	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Arterial Pressure Based Cardiac Output for Goal-Directed Perioperative Therapy
NCT00590213	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Compare the Value of Prophylactic Versus Therapeutic Breast Radiotherapy in CASODEX
NCT00629330	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Dissemination of Prostate Cancer Screening to PCP’s in African American Communities
NCT00771966	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Radical Prostatectomy and Perioperative Fluid Therapy
NCT00805701	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study Assessing The Efficacy And Safety Of Avodart (Dutasteride) At Improving Urinary Symptoms In Men With Prostate Cancer Who Are Undergoing Seed Implantation
NCT00859027	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect Of Risedronate On Bone Mass In Older Men Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy For Prostate Cancer
NCT00906269	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Can Hyperbaric Oxygen Improve Erectile Function Following Surgery for Prostate Cancer
NCT00953277	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Nerve Reconstruction Using AVANCE in Subjects Who Undergo Robotic Assisted Prostatectomy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer
NCT00982800	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Does Postoperative Gabapentin Reduce Pain, Opioid Consumption and Anxiety and Have a Positive Effect on Health Related Quality of Life After Radical Prostatectomy?
NCT01083199	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Global Performance Evaluation of the AMS CONTINUUM™ Device
NCT01136226	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluate Recovery of Testosterone for Patients Using Eligard
NCT01161563	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Randomized Crossover Trial to Assess the Tolerability of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Analogue Administration
NCT01230905	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study to Monitor the Effects of Androgen Suppression Treatment on the Heart
NCT01296672	PHASE4	COMPLETED	3 Month Finasteride Challenge Test Can Significantly Improve the Performance of Screening for Prostate Cancer
NCT01365143	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Robotic Versus Open Radical Prostatectomy
NCT01379742	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Comparison of Between ThinSeed™ and OncoSeed™ for Permanent Prostate Brachytherapy
NCT01486563	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Hydroxyethyl Starch and Renal Function After Radical Prostatectomy
NCT01511874	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety Study of ELIGARD 22.5mg With Prostate Cancer
NCT01512472	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Firmagon (Degarelix) Intermittent Therapy
NCT01547416	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Combined General/Epidural Anesthesia Versus General Anesthesia on Diaphragmatic Function
NCT01571544	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Use of Thermal Suits as Preventing Hypothermia During Surgery
NCT01581749	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Evaluation of Truebeam for Low-Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer