LAMB1

Summary

LAMB1 (laminin subunit beta 1, HGNC:6486) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 7q31.1, encoding Laminin subunit beta-1 (P07942). Binding to cells via a high affinity receptor, laminin is thought to mediate the attachment, migration and organization of cells into tissues during embryonic development by interacting with other extracellular matrix components.

Laminins, a family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins, are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. They have been implicated in a wide variety of biological processes including cell adhesion, differentiation, migration, signaling, neurite outgrowth and metastasis. Laminins are composed of 3 non identical chains: laminin alpha, beta and gamma (formerly A, B1, and B2, respectively) and they form a cruciform structure consisting of 3 short arms, each formed by a different chain, and a long arm composed of all 3 chains. Each laminin chain is a multidomain protein encoded by a distinct gene. Several isoforms of each chain have been described. Different alpha, beta and gamma chain isomers combine to give rise to different heterotrimeric laminin isoforms which are designated by Arabic numerals in the order of their discovery, i.e. alpha1beta1gamma1 heterotrimer is laminin 1. The biological functions of the different chains and trimer molecules are largely unknown, but some of the chains have been shown to differ with respect to their tissue distribution, presumably reflecting diverse functions in vivo. This gene encodes the beta chain isoform laminin, beta 1. The beta 1 chain has 7 structurally distinct domains which it shares with other beta chain isomers. The C-terminal helical region containing domains I and II are separated by domain alpha, domains III and V contain several EGF-like repeats, and domains IV and VI have a globular conformation. Laminin, beta 1 is expressed in most tissues that produce basement membranes, and is one of the 3 chains constituting laminin 1, the first laminin isolated from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) tumor. A sequence in the beta 1 chain that is involved in cell attachment, chemotaxis, and binding to the laminin receptor was identified and shown to have the capacity to inhibit metastasis.

Source: NCBI Gene 3912 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): cobblestone lissencephaly without muscular or ocular involvement (Strong, GenCC) — +1 more curated relationship
• GWAS associations: 38
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 1,149 total — 35 pathogenic, 17 likely-pathogenic
• Phenotypes (HPO): 63
• Druggable target: yes
• MANE Select transcript: NM_002291

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:6486
Approved symbol	LAMB1
Name	laminin subunit beta 1
Location	7q31.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000091136
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	150240
Entrez	3912

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 42 — 16 retained_intron, 14 protein_coding, 10 nonsense_mediated_decay, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000222399, ENST00000393559, ENST00000393560, ENST00000393561, ENST00000439976, ENST00000468518, ENST00000468999, ENST00000472714, ENST00000474380, ENST00000491196, ENST00000676574, ENST00000676592, ENST00000676744, ENST00000676777, ENST00000676920, ENST00000677101, ENST00000677144, ENST00000677485, ENST00000677588, ENST00000677652, ENST00000677734, ENST00000677793, ENST00000677801, ENST00000677883, ENST00000677957, ENST00000677994, ENST00000678232, ENST00000678266, ENST00000678310, ENST00000678346, ENST00000678698, ENST00000678704, ENST00000678892, ENST00000678984, ENST00000679173, ENST00000679200, ENST00000679244, ENST00000852248, ENST00000916407, ENST00000916408, ENST00000943287, ENST00000943288

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_002291 NM_002291

CCDS: CCDS5750

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000222399 — 34 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000580726	107986022	107986085
ENSE00000580727	107980609	107980811
ENSE00000580728	107978047	107978167
ENSE00000580730	107986175	107986363
ENSE00000580733	107975689	107975877
ENSE00000715975	107955467	107955630
ENSE00000715992	107959249	107959480
ENSE00000716028	107959691	107959834
ENSE00000716060	107960445	107960649
ENSE00000716087	107961206	107961329
ENSE00000716111	107961549	107961676
ENSE00000716166	107962905	107963063
ENSE00000716210	107964552	107964687
ENSE00000716294	107972992	107973071
ENSE00000716366	107974986	107975098
ENSE00000716383	107975234	107975413
ENSE00000716662	107994887	107994960
ENSE00000716667	107998357	107998492
ENSE00001302756	108002849	108002971
ENSE00001303122	108001558	108001733
ENSE00001618310	107937093	107937277
ENSE00001644859	107929064	107929205
ENSE00001746254	107929412	107929619
ENSE00001761203	107939989	107940358
ENSE00001778578	107932174	107932377
ENSE00001820525	107923799	107924087
ENSE00001940171	108003111	108003161
ENSE00002345671	107953530	107953754
ENSE00003488044	107952009	107952223
ENSE00003512676	107926183	107926359
ENSE00003574922	107924230	107924389
ENSE00003597625	107951226	107951322
ENSE00003648330	107931356	107931500
ENSE00003666353	107935415	107935656

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 284 present calls, max score 99.33.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 47.6183 / max 603.1294, expressed in 1463 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
85641	45.5608	1462
85639	1.4355	708
85638	0.4080	227
85637	0.2141	95

Top tissues by expression

300 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
nerve	UBERON:0001021	99.33	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	99.33	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	99.27	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	99.26	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	99.25	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	99.17	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	99.15	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	99.02	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	99.01	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	99.01	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	98.96	gold quality
upper lobe of lung	UBERON:0008948	98.92	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	98.83	gold quality
parietal pleura	UBERON:0002400	98.82	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	98.82	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	98.68	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	98.55	gold quality
trigeminal ganglion	UBERON:0001675	98.55	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	98.44	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	98.44	gold quality
pleura	UBERON:0000977	98.42	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	98.37	gold quality
pericardium	UBERON:0002407	98.37	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	98.34	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	98.32	gold quality
renal medulla	UBERON:0000362	98.27	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	98.25	gold quality
lower lobe of lung	UBERON:0008949	98.19	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	98.13	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	98.13	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 12 experiment(s), a significant marker in 12.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-10287	yes	374.34
E-CURD-119	yes	38.97
E-HCAD-10	yes	32.45
E-GEOD-134144	yes	30.67
E-CURD-46	yes	26.48
E-MTAB-6678	yes	11.81
E-MTAB-5061	yes	11.23
E-CURD-112	yes	8.89
E-GEOD-84465	yes	7.38
E-GEOD-83139	yes	7.12
E-MTAB-9067	yes	6.84
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AP1, HOXA1, HR, JUN, NANOG, NR2F1, NR3C1, RARA, RARB, RARG, RORA, SSB

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

24 targeting LAMB1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-223-3P	99.99	70.14	1140
HSA-MIR-548AJ-3P	99.96	73.38	5345
HSA-MIR-548X-3P	99.96	73.38	5345
HSA-MIR-548J-3P	99.94	72.61	4881
HSA-MIR-548AE-3P	99.93	72.66	4867
HSA-MIR-548AH-3P	99.93	72.54	4872
HSA-MIR-548AM-3P	99.93	72.54	4872
HSA-MIR-548AQ-3P	99.93	72.66	4867
HSA-MIR-548D-3P	99.87	70.67	4362
HSA-MIR-548BB-3P	99.86	70.58	4354
HSA-MIR-548AC	99.84	70.77	4351
HSA-MIR-548H-3P	99.84	70.80	4349
HSA-MIR-548Z	99.84	70.80	4349
HSA-MIR-4698	99.84	71.41	4303
HSA-MIR-4307	99.82	70.45	3374
HSA-MIR-4328	99.57	71.06	4094
HSA-MIR-8070	99.07	69.30	1303
HSA-MIR-8066	99.05	68.66	1532
HSA-MIR-4709-3P	98.88	68.04	1594
HSA-MIR-4764-3P	96.81	67.94	580
HSA-MIR-4703-3P	96.68	68.61	545
HSA-MIR-6813-3P	95.78	63.78	540
HSA-MIR-3200-3P	95.41	64.23	396
HSA-MIR-6800-5P	94.59	64.80	525

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Laminin-10/11 and fibronectin differentially prevent apoptosis induced by serum removal via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt- and MEK1/ERK-dependent pathways (Laminin 10; separate entry for Laminin 11). (PMID:11891225)
• mRNA encoding laminin-alpha1, -beta1, and -gamma1 chains was expressed in 90% of endometriotic lesions. (PMID:12615822)
• Data suggest that laminin-10 (alpha5beta1gamma1) is required for hair follicle development and report the first use of exogenous protein to correct a cutaneous developmental defect. (PMID:12743034)
• alteration of LAMB1 expression is associated with the genesis and development of uterine leiomyoma (PMID:15706419)
• prostate cancer cells expressing high levels of MT1-MMP have increased invasive potential through their ability to degrade and invade Ln-10 barriers (PMID:15967115)
• laminin beta1 chain (a constituent of laminin-8) was typically found in vessel walls of carcinomas and their metastases but not in those of normal breast (PMID:15987446)
• laminin isoform changes are associated with brain tumor invasion and angiogenesis [review] (PMID:16146715)
• Real-time PCR showed that ETOH significantly altered the expression of genes involved in cell adhesion. There was an increase in the expression of alpha and beta Laminins 1, beta Integrins 3 and 5, Secreted phosphoprotein1 and Sarcoglycan epsilon. (PMID:18162078)
• laminin supports platelet adhesion depending on the interaction of VWF and GPIb-IX-V under pathophysiological high shear flow (PMID:18450753)
• Meningiomas increase in size through increased production of extracellular matrix; furthermore, the proliferation of cells typically associated with neoplasia requires considerable interaction with the extracellular matrix. (PMID:18474427)
• Elevated expression of laminin beta1 mRNA and protein in the hippocampus suggests that laminin beta1 may play a role in the development of epileptic seizures in patients with intractable epilepsy. (PMID:18691630)
• beta2 chain-containing laminins (beta2-laminins) bound more avidly to alpha3beta1 and alpha7X2beta1 integrins than beta1 chain-containing laminins (beta1-laminins). (PMID:19147489)
• laminin-111 (alpha(1), beta(1), gamma(1)), which is expressed during embryonic development but absent in normal or dystrophic skeletal muscle, increased alpha(7)-integrin expression in mouse and DMD patient myoblasts (PMID:19416897)
• The presence of nuclear beta-catenin and high content of mmp-9 in the tumor were associated with abnormal accumulation of laminin in the cytoplasm. These changes were characteristic of colorectal cancer with high invasive metastatic potential. (PMID:19526105)
• LAMB1 new susceptibility loci for ulcerative colitis (PMID:19915572)
• results suggest that Lm3B11/3B21 may be required for normal mature vessels and interfere with tumor angiogenesis (PMID:21276136)
• Laminin beta1 and integrin alpha2 expression is elevated in the anterior temporal neocortex tissue from patients with intractable epilepsy. (PMID:21370991)
• We did not find an association of rs6949033 (LAMB1) with ulcerative colitis. (PMID:21744425)
• Homozygous deleterious mutations in LAMB1. (PMID:23472759)
• The phenotype due to LAMB2 mutations appears to be similar between different ethnic groups. (PMID:23679161)
• Upregulation of LAMB1 expression was highly correlated with the downregulation of miR-124-5p. LAMB1 protein expression was suppressed by miR-124-5p. (PMID:24497408)
• Extracellular matrix proteins expression profiling in chemoresistant variants of the A2780 ovarian cancer cell line. (PMID:24804215)
• Laminins 411 and 421 differentially promote tumor cell migration via alpha6beta1 integrin and MCAM (CD146). (PMID:24951930)
• LAMB1 single nucleotide polymorphism rs886774 was associated with early onset Ulcerative colitis and, thus, suggests a fundamentally different mechanism of early disease pathogenesis in Ulcerative colitis versus Crohn’s disease. (PMID:25664710)
• An association was found between LAMB1 rs2158836 polymorphisms and symptom severity in Korean autism spectrum disorder patients. (PMID:25774865)
• These results suggest that MUC5B production can be regulated by ECM components and that MUC5B is upregulated by fibronectin and laminin via the integrin, ERK, and NF-kappaB dependent pathway. (PMID:26057585)
• LAMB1 is a potential serological biomarker that could be used in conjunction with carcinoembryonic antigen for diagnosis of colorectal cancer. (PMID:26359947)
• Our results suggest that an impairment in adhesion exists in vitiligo skin, which is supported by the diminished immunohistochemical expression of laminin, beta1 integrin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. (PMID:28214208)
• LAMB1 may affect the initiation and progression of pneumoconiosis, or serve as a potential biomarker of pneumoconiosis for diagnosis and genetic susceptibility. (PMID:28444932)
• In vitro activation of PDGFR-alpha leads to translational activation of LAMB1, which in turn induces an invasive and metastatic phenotype of hepatocellular carcinoma cells exhibiting K19 expression. (PMID:28783171)
• Treatment of Neuroscreen-1 (NS-1) cells with laminin-1 or YIGSR peptide, which corresponds to a sequence in laminin-1 beta1 chain that binds to 67LR, induced a decrease in the cell-surface expression of 67LR and caused its internalization. (PMID:29108990)
• High cytoplasmic laminin expression is associated with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas. (PMID:29479990)
• Age-related modulation of laminin beta1 versus beta2 chain expression changes the functional properties and phenotype of endothelial cells. The dysregulation of the extracellular matrix during vascular aging may contribute to age-associated impairment of organ function and fibrosis. (PMID:29599141)
• LAMB1 identified as Liver Fibrosis-specific gene, was significantly associated with Liver Fibrosis progression and could be combined to discriminate Liver Fibrosis stages regardless of any etiology. (PMID:30920297)
• Phosphorylation mapping of LAMB1 has been reported. (PMID:31180068)
• CRISPR-Cas9-mediated labelling of the C-terminus of human laminin beta1 leads to secretion inhibition. (PMID:32085798)
• Alterations in the immunoreactivity of laminin, type IV collagen and alpha3beta1 integrin in diabetic rat ovarian follicles. (PMID:32356431)
• Upregulation of LAMB1 via ERK/c-Jun Axis Promotes Gastric Cancer Growth and Motility. (PMID:33435161)
• LAMB1 Is Related to the T Stage and Indicates Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer. (PMID:33784890)
• End-Truncated LAMB1 Causes a Hippocampal Memory Defect and a Leukoencephalopathy. (PMID:34606115)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	lamb1b	ENSDARG00000045524
danio_rerio	lamb1a	ENSDARG00000101209
mus_musculus	Lamb1	ENSMUSG00000002900
rattus_norvegicus	Lamb1	ENSRNOG00000005678

Paralogs (27): USH2A (ENSG00000042781), LAMC3 (ENSG00000050555), LAMA3 (ENSG00000053747), LAMC2 (ENSG00000058085), NTN1 (ENSG00000065320), NTN4 (ENSG00000074527), ATRN (ENSG00000088812), LAMB4 (ENSG00000091128), LAMA1 (ENSG00000101680), MEGF8 (ENSG00000105429), MEGF9 (ENSG00000106780), ATRNL1 (ENSG00000107518), LAMA4 (ENSG00000112769), LAMA5 (ENSG00000130702), LAMC1 (ENSG00000135862), NTN5 (ENSG00000142233), HSPG2 (ENSG00000142798), TMEFF2 (ENSG00000144339), NTN3 (ENSG00000162068), NTNG1 (ENSG00000162631), EGFLAM (ENSG00000164318), LAMB2 (ENSG00000172037), AGRN (ENSG00000188157), NTNG2 (ENSG00000196358), LAMA2 (ENSG00000196569), LAMB3 (ENSG00000196878), TMEFF1 (ENSG00000241697)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Laminin subunit beta-1 — P07942 (reviewed: P07942)

Alternative names: Laminin B1 chain, Laminin-1 subunit beta, Laminin-10 subunit beta, Laminin-12 subunit beta, Laminin-2 subunit beta, Laminin-6 subunit beta, Laminin-8 subunit beta

All UniProt accessions (17): P07942, A0A7I2V2J0, A0A7I2V2R2, A0A7I2V2T9, A0A7I2V378, A0A7I2V3I5, A0A7I2V3J7, A0A7I2V407, A0A7I2V4J9, A0A7I2V5R0, A0A7I2V5T9, A0A7I2V5X5, A0A7I2V682, C9J296, E7EPA6, E9PCS6, G3XAI2

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Binding to cells via a high affinity receptor, laminin is thought to mediate the attachment, migration and organization of cells into tissues during embryonic development by interacting with other extracellular matrix components. Involved in the organization of the laminar architecture of the cerebral cortex. It is probably required for the integrity of the basement membrane/glia limitans that serves as an anchor point for the endfeet of radial glial cells and as a physical barrier to migrating neurons. Radial glial cells play a central role in cerebral cortical development, where they act both as the proliferative unit of the cerebral cortex and a scaffold for neurons migrating toward the pial surface. As a subunit of laminin-1 (also known as laminin-111 or EHS laminin), it is involved in the stimulation of agrin-induced receptor clustering through a MuSK-independent pathway.

Subunit / interactions. Laminin is a complex glycoprotein, consisting of three different polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma), which are bound to each other by disulfide bonds into a cross-shaped molecule comprising one long and three short arms with globules at each end. Beta-1 is a subunit of laminin-1 (laminin-111 or EHS laminin), laminin-2 (laminin-211 or merosin), laminin-6 (laminin-311 or K-laminin), laminin-8 (laminin-411), laminin-10 (laminin-511) and laminin-12 (laminin-213). Interacts with ITGB1.

Subcellular location. Secreted. Extracellular space. Extracellular matrix. Basement membrane.

Disease relevance. Lissencephaly 5 (LIS5) [MIM:615191] An autosomal recessive brain malformation characterized by cobblestone changes in the cortex, more severe in the posterior region, and subcortical band heterotopia. Affected individuals have hydrocephalus, seizures, and severely delayed psychomotor development. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Domain organisation. The alpha-helical domains I and II are thought to interact with other laminin chains to form a coiled coil structure. Domains VI and IV are globular.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_002282* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000742	EGF	Domain
IPR002049	LE_dom	Domain
IPR008211	Laminin_N	Domain
IPR013015	Laminin_IV_B	Domain
IPR050440	Laminin/Netrin_ECM	Family
IPR056558	LAMB1-4_helical	Domain
IPR056863	LMN_ATRN_NET-like_EGF	Domain

Pfam: PF00053, PF00055, PF21199, PF23219, PF24973

UniProt features (100 total): disulfide bond 54, domain 15, glycosylation site 11, modified residue 5, sequence variant 4, region of interest 3, coiled-coil region 3, sequence conflict 2, signal peptide 1, chain 1, helix 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

3 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
5XAU	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.8
8DMK	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.7
7CEC	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.9

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P07942-F1	76.99	0.13

Antibody-complex structures (SAbDab): 1 — 7CEC

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (5): 250, 1478, 1496, 1666, 1682

Disulfide bonds (54): 271–280, 273–298, 300–309, 312–332, 335–344, 337–362, 365–374, 377–395, 398–411, 400–426, 428–437, 440–455, 458–472, 460–479, 481–490, 493–507, 510–522, 512–529, 531–540, 773–785 …

Glycosylation sites (11): 120, 356, 519, 677, 1041, 1195, 1279, 1336, 1343, 1487, 1542

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

22 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-1474228	Degradation of the extracellular matrix
R-HSA-3000157	Laminin interactions
R-HSA-3000171	Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions
R-HSA-3000178	ECM proteoglycans
R-HSA-373760	L1CAM interactions
R-HSA-381426	Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs)
R-HSA-8874081	MET activates PTK2 signaling
R-HSA-8957275	Post-translational protein phosphorylation
R-HSA-9619665	EGR2 and SOX10-mediated initiation of Schwann cell myelination
R-HSA-9638630	Attachment of bacteria to epithelial cells
R-HSA-9913351	Formation of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC)
R-HSA-9925563	Developmental Lineage of Pancreatic Ductal Cells
R-HSA-1266738	Developmental Biology
R-HSA-1474244	Extracellular matrix organization
R-HSA-162582	Signal Transduction
R-HSA-392499	Metabolism of proteins
R-HSA-422475	Axon guidance
R-HSA-597592	Post-translational protein modification
R-HSA-6806834	Signaling by MET
R-HSA-8875878	MET promotes cell motility
R-HSA-9006934	Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
R-HSA-9675108	Nervous system development

MSigDB gene sets: 365 (showing top): GOBP_NEUROMUSCULAR_JUNCTION_DEVELOPMENT, TURASHVILI_BREAST_LOBULAR_CARCINOMA_VS_DUCTAL_NORMAL_UP, MODULE_52, BENPORATH_ES_WITH_H3K27ME3, GOBP_FORMATION_OF_PRIMARY_GERM_LAYER, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_MUSCLE_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_LOCALIZATION, MODULE_493, GNF2_PTX3, GOBP_NEUROGENESIS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_EXTRACELLULAR_MATRIX_ORGANIZATION, GOBP_FOREBRAIN_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELL_ADHESION, GOBP_FOREBRAIN_CELL_MIGRATION, GOBP_CELL_CELL_ADHESION

GO Biological Process (20): cell adhesion (GO:0007155), negative regulation of cell adhesion (GO:0007162), signal transduction (GO:0007165), embryo implantation (GO:0007566), neuronal-glial interaction involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration (GO:0021812), regulation of cell adhesion (GO:0030155), regulation of cell migration (GO:0030334), positive regulation of cell migration (GO:0030335), neuron projection development (GO:0031175), substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading (GO:0034446), endodermal cell differentiation (GO:0035987), odontogenesis (GO:0042476), positive regulation of cell adhesion (GO:0045785), regulation of embryonic development (GO:0045995), positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation (GO:0050679), positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation (GO:0051149), regulation of basement membrane organization (GO:0110011), positive regulation of integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:2001046), anatomical structure morphogenesis (GO:0009653), cell migration (GO:0016477)

GO Molecular Function (6): integrin binding (GO:0005178), structural molecule activity (GO:0005198), extracellular matrix structural constituent (GO:0005201), enzyme binding (GO:0019899), glycosphingolipid binding (GO:0043208), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (15): extracellular region (GO:0005576), basement membrane (GO:0005604), laminin-111 trimer (GO:0005606), laminin-211 trimer (GO:0005607), obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), nucleus (GO:0005634), endoplasmic reticulum lumen (GO:0005788), extracellular matrix (GO:0031012), laminin-411 trimer (GO:0043257), laminin-511 trimer (GO:0043259), perinuclear region of cytoplasm (GO:0048471), extracellular exosome (GO:0070062), protein complex involved in cell-matrix adhesion (GO:0098637), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), laminin trimer (GO:0043256)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-11 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Extracellular matrix organization	4
Metabolism of proteins	2
Nervous system development	2
Axon guidance	1
MET promotes cell motility	1
Post-translational protein modification	1
Biofilm formation	1
Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions	1
Developmental Cell Lineages of the Exocrine Pancreas	1
Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases	1
Signaling by MET	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
laminin trimer	4
cell adhesion	3
cellular anatomical structure	3
cellular process	2
regulation of cell adhesion	2
regulation of cellular process	2
cell migration	2
extracellular matrix	2
negative regulation of cellular process	1
cell communication	1
signaling	1
cellular response to stimulus	1
multicellular organism development	1
female pregnancy	1
reproductive process	1
cerebral cortex radial glia-guided migration	1
cell-cell adhesion	1
regulation of cell motility	1
regulation of cell migration	1
positive regulation of cell motility	1
neuron development	1
plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization	1
cell-substrate adhesion	1
endoderm formation	1
cell differentiation	1
animal organ morphogenesis	1
positive regulation of cellular process	1
embryo development	1
regulation of multicellular organismal development	1
positive regulation of cell population proliferation	1
epithelial cell proliferation	1
regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	1
muscle cell differentiation	1
positive regulation of cell differentiation	1
regulation of muscle cell differentiation	1
basement membrane organization	1
regulation of extracellular matrix organization	1
integrin-mediated signaling pathway	1
positive regulation of signal transduction	1
regulation of integrin-mediated signaling pathway	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1648 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
LAMB1	LAMC1	P11047	973
LAMB1	LAMA4	Q16363	920
LAMB1	LAMA1	P25391	827
LAMB1	COL6A2	P12110	818
LAMB1	COL6A1	P12109	810
LAMB1	LAMA5	O15230	781
LAMB1	COL4A1	P02462	761
LAMB1	NID2	Q14112	735
LAMB1	LAMA2	P24043	732
LAMB1	NID1	P14543	722
LAMB1	COL6A3	P12111	695
LAMB1	COL1A1	P02452	672
LAMB1	ITGB1	P05556	636
LAMB1	COL12A1	Q99715	634
LAMB1	COL5A2	P05997	633

IntAct

139 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
SERPINA12	LAMB1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.710
FAM9C	NDC80	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.670
BCAM	LAMA5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
FBXO6	MAN2B1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
LAMB1	UBQLN1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
LAMB1	CD79A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
LAMB1	GPR152	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PSG8	PEX7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
DEFA1	MANBA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
OS9	AGRN	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
SERPINA12	TSPAN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
FBXO2	TMEM131L	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
CRP	QSOX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
LGALS1	PODXL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
LGALS3	PODXL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
COLEC12	CSPG5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
CLEC11A	VWA8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
PSG3	MGRN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ANGPTL4	NMT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
PNLIPRP2	TGFB1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
LAMB1		psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.500

BioGRID (183): LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Co-fractionation), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Two-hybrid), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LAMB1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A4IGL7, D3ZB51, E9PZ19, O75882, O94779, O95970, P00533, P02469, P07942, P13590, P15209, P24503, P24786, P33150, P39038, P55245, P55283, P68500, P97300, P97527, P97546, Q01279, Q01973, Q03351, Q16288, Q16620, Q1EGL2, Q3B7N0, Q3UQ28, Q5IFJ9, Q5IS37, Q5IS82, Q5R945, Q63604, Q6IS24, Q6VNS1, Q7TPD3, Q7TT15, Q8K4Y5, Q8N475

Diamond homologs: A0A1D5PUP4, A0JP86, A2ASQ1, A3KN33, A5YT95, E9Q7X7, G4V4G1, G5ECE3, O00468, O00634, O09118, O15230, O62650, O75094, O75445, O88280, O94813, O95631, O95633, O95980, P02468, P02469, P07942, P0DKM7, P0DKM8, P0DKM9, P10184, P10669, P11046, P11047, P15215, P15800, P16895, P19883, P21674, P25304, P31514, P31515, P31696, P47931

SIGNOR signaling

4 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
NANOG	“down-regulates quantity by repression”	LAMB1	“transcriptional regulation”
LAMB1	“form complex”	Laminin-8	binding
LAMB1	“form complex”	Laminin-10	binding
LAMB1	“form complex”	Laminin-1	binding

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 146 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
ERAD pathway	7	10.2×	2e-03
positive regulation of cell migration	10	5.0×	8e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

1149 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	35
Likely pathogenic	17
Uncertain significance	575
Likely benign	330
Benign	117

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (30)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
1323179	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.1752_1756dup (p.Ala586fs)	Pathogenic
1373852	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.1729C>T (p.Gln577Ter)	Pathogenic
1427340	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.1189C>T (p.Arg397Ter)	Pathogenic
1457754	NC_000007.14:g.107963064del	Pathogenic
1459180	NC_000007.13:g.(?107635312)(107635425_?)del	Pathogenic
1912497	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.1897C>T (p.Arg633Ter)	Pathogenic
2024680	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.4477dup (p.Met1493fs)	Pathogenic
2035710	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.213+1del	Pathogenic
2082451	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.4861C>T (p.Gln1621Ter)	Pathogenic
2097634	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.1242T>A (p.Tyr414Ter)	Pathogenic
2121433	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.2633del (p.Pro878fs)	Pathogenic
225687	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.2931del (p.Gln977fs)	Pathogenic
225688	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.1442G>T (p.Cys481Phe)	Pathogenic
2424386	NC_000007.13:g.(?107603330)(107605152_?)del	Pathogenic
2506519	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.1526del (p.Pro509fs)	Pathogenic
2682216	NC_000007.13:g.(107626809_107635331)_(107635406_107638801)del	Pathogenic
2726734	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.1522C>T (p.Arg508Ter)	Pathogenic
2898761	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.3659_3660del (p.Val1220fs)	Pathogenic
2985441	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.3499C>T (p.Arg1167Ter)	Pathogenic
3695454	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.780T>G (p.Tyr260Ter)	Pathogenic
3715156	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.3877G>T (p.Glu1293Ter)	Pathogenic
3907425	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.5066_5072delCTTTAGA	Pathogenic
42014	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.3145_3158delinsCCAGTGCTTGTGTCTTCCTAATGTGCTTGTGTCTTCCTAAT (p.Lys1049_Gln1053delinsProValLeuValSerSerTer)	Pathogenic
42015	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.2109+1G>T	Pathogenic
4531161	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.5250_5253del (p.Asn1750fs)	Pathogenic
4531163	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.5123_5124delinsT (p.Lys1708fs)	Pathogenic
4531164	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.5161dup (p.Met1721fs)	Pathogenic
4532054	NM_002291.3(LAMB1):c.3803_3804dup (p.Val1269fs)	Pathogenic
4533329	C1182Y	Pathogenic
4533330	LAMB1, ASN788SER	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

4791 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
7:107924088:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107924389:TC:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
7:107924390:C:CA	acceptor_loss	1.0000
7:107924390:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107924399:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107924399:C:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107924401:CATT:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107924402:A:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107924404:T:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107924404:T:TC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107926179:GTACC:G	donor_loss	1.0000
7:107926180:TA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
7:107926181:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
7:107926181:A:C	donor_loss	1.0000
7:107926181:AC:A	donor_gain	1.0000
7:107926182:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
7:107926182:CC:C	donor_gain	1.0000
7:107926182:CCTT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
7:107926221:C:CT	donor_gain	1.0000
7:107926222:T:TT	donor_gain	1.0000
7:107926356:CAAT:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107926360:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107926367:CA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107926368:A:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107926381:A:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:107929058:GCCTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
7:107929059:CCTAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
7:107929060:CTACC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
7:107929061:TA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
7:107929062:A:AG	donor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

11846 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
7:107978084:C:A	W321C	1.000
7:107978084:C:G	W321C	1.000
7:107978120:A:C	C309W	1.000
7:107978121:C:A	C309F	1.000
7:107978121:C:G	C309S	1.000
7:107978121:C:T	C309Y	1.000
7:107978122:A:T	C309S	1.000
7:107978148:C:G	C300S	1.000
7:107978149:A:T	C300S	1.000
7:107978153:G:C	C298W	1.000
7:107978154:C:A	C298F	1.000
7:107978154:C:G	C298S	1.000
7:107978154:C:T	C298Y	1.000
7:107978155:A:G	C298R	1.000
7:107978155:A:T	C298S	1.000
7:107980648:A:C	C280W	1.000
7:107980649:C:G	C280S	1.000
7:107980650:A:G	C280R	1.000
7:107980650:A:T	C280S	1.000
7:107980669:G:C	C273W	1.000
7:107980670:C:A	C273F	1.000
7:107980670:C:G	C273S	1.000
7:107980670:C:T	C273Y	1.000
7:107980671:A:G	C273R	1.000
7:107980671:A:T	C273S	1.000
7:107980675:G:C	C271W	1.000
7:107980676:C:A	C271F	1.000
7:107980676:C:G	C271S	1.000
7:107980676:C:T	C271Y	1.000
7:107980677:A:G	C271R	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000027723 (7:107965988 C>T), RS1000052936 (7:107966969 G>C), RS1000077951 (7:107980422 T>A), RS1000082733 (7:107927324 C>T), RS1000143315 (7:107941873 C>A,T), RS1000277351 (7:107962408 G>A), RS1000416016 (7:107956117 G>A,C,T), RS1000510058 (7:107924523 A>T), RS1000569984 (7:108003016 G>C), RS1000600973 (7:108003219 T>C,G), RS1000617846 (7:107969976 G>A), RS1000626882 (7:107965098 C>T), RS1000652058 (7:107943659 G>T), RS1000660324 (7:107943429 A>G,T), RS1000755259 (7:107970251 C>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:150240 | disease phenotypes: MIM:615191, MIM:312080, MIM:621424

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
cobblestone lissencephaly without muscular or ocular involvement	Strong	Autosomal recessive
leukodystrophy	Strong	Autosomal dominant

ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity (1)

Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
cobblestone lissencephaly without muscular or ocular involvement	Moderate	AR

Mondo (7): cobblestone lissencephaly without muscular or ocular involvement (MONDO:0014077), leukodystrophy (MONDO:0019046), leukoencephalopathy without lacunae, adult-onset (MONDO:0980752), classic lissencephaly (MONDO:0015146), multiple sclerosis (MONDO:0005301), intellectual disability (MONDO:0001071), autism spectrum disorder (MONDO:0005258)

Orphanet (6): Cobblestone lissencephaly without muscular or ocular involvement (Orphanet:352682), Leukodystrophy (Orphanet:68356), Classic lissencephaly (Orphanet:102009), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Multiple sclerosis (Orphanet:802), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Unexplained intellectual disability (Orphanet:319658), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Autism (Orphanet:106)

HPO phenotypes

63 total (30 of 63 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0000006	Autosomal dominant inheritance
HP:0000007	Autosomal recessive inheritance
HP:0000238	Hydrocephalus
HP:0000256	Macrocephaly
HP:0000365	Hearing impairment
HP:0000518	Cataract
HP:0000648	Optic atrophy
HP:0000716	Depression
HP:0000726	Dementia
HP:0000741	Apathy
HP:0000757	Lack of insight
HP:0000819	Diabetes mellitus
HP:0000822	Hypertension
HP:0001095	Hypertensive retinopathy
HP:0001249	Intellectual disability
HP:0001250	Seizure
HP:0001252	Hypotonia
HP:0001258	Spastic paraplegia
HP:0001260	Dysarthria
HP:0001263	Global developmental delay
HP:0001270	Motor delay
HP:0001288	Gait disturbance
HP:0001289	Confusion
HP:0001320	Cerebellar vermis hypoplasia
HP:0001321	Cerebellar hypoplasia
HP:0001342	Cerebral hemorrhage
HP:0002059	Cerebral atrophy
HP:0002077	Migraine with aura
HP:0002079	Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum
HP:0002080	Intention tremor

GWAS associations

38 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST000311_10	Ulcerative colitis	7.000000e-06
GCST000311_5	Ulcerative colitis	1.000000e-06
GCST000311_6	Ulcerative colitis	9.000000e-06
GCST000527_4	Ulcerative colitis	3.000000e-08
GCST000624_19	Ulcerative colitis	8.000000e-08
GCST001848_239	IgG glycosylation	2.000000e-06
GCST001848_355	IgG glycosylation	2.000000e-07
GCST001848_363	IgG glycosylation	8.000000e-06
GCST001848_71	IgG glycosylation	1.000000e-08
GCST002515_2	Pneumoconiosis in silica exposure	4.000000e-06
GCST004131_45	Inflammatory bowel disease	8.000000e-16
GCST004133_10	Ulcerative colitis	9.000000e-21
GCST007859_2	Rapid automatized naming and rapid alternating stimulus test performance	9.000000e-07
GCST007860_5	Latent naming speed	7.000000e-07
GCST007863_3	Rapid alternating stimulus test for letters/numbers	2.000000e-06
GCST007864_1	Rapid automatized naming of letters	2.000000e-07
GCST012228_315	Waist-hip index	3.000000e-10
GCST012230_477	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	4.000000e-10
GCST90020024_109	A body shape index	2.000000e-08
GCST90020024_110	A body shape index	3.000000e-09
GCST90020024_111	A body shape index	8.000000e-09
GCST90020024_112	A body shape index	2.000000e-12
GCST90020024_113	A body shape index	2.000000e-12
GCST90020025_360	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	5.000000e-09
GCST90020025_361	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	3.000000e-09
GCST90020025_362	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	3.000000e-11
GCST90020025_363	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	7.000000e-10
GCST90020025_364	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	3.000000e-08
GCST90020027_1317	Waist-hip index	2.000000e-09
GCST90020027_1318	Waist-hip index	3.000000e-09

EFO canonical traits (4, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0005193	serum IgG glycosylation measurement
EFO:0005301	reading and spelling ability
EFO:0007788	BMI-adjusted waist-hip ratio
EFO:0007789	BMI-adjusted waist circumference

MeSH disease descriptors (2)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D008607	Intellectual Disability	C10.597.606.360; C23.888.592.604.646; F01.700.687; F03.625.539
D009103	Multiple Sclerosis	C10.114.375.500; C10.314.350.500; C20.111.258.250.500

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (2): CHEMBL2364187 (PROTEIN COMPLEX GROUP), CHEMBL4742270 (PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTION)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

90 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	increases expression, affects cotreatment, increases methylation	4
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance	4
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	affects expression, decreases expression	4
bisphenol S	affects expression, decreases expression, increases expression	3
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	3
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	decreases expression	3
Cadmium Chloride	increases abundance, increases palmitoylation, decreases expression, decreases reaction	3
Air Pollutants	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	2
Arsenic	affects methylation, affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	2
Phenylmercuric Acetate	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Tretinoin	increases expression	2
Valproic Acid	affects expression, increases expression	2
Cyclosporine	decreases expression	2
alpha-pinene	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide	decreases expression	1
deoxynivalenol	decreases expression	1
lead acetate	decreases expression	1
11-nor-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid	affects methylation, increases abundance	1
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	1
butyraldehyde	decreases expression	1
2-bromopalmitate	decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation	1
manganese chloride	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
ochratoxin A	decreases expression	1
potassium chromate(VI)	decreases expression	1
methylmercury II	decreases expression	1
methacrylaldehyde	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
chloropicrin	decreases expression	1
K 7174	increases expression	1

ChEMBL screening assays

1 unique, capped per target: 1 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL4713770	Binding	Protac activity at CRBN/LAMB1 in human BxPC-3 cells assessed as LAMB1 degradation incubated for 16 hrs by proteomic analysis	Discovery of a Napabucasin PROTAC as an Effective Degrader of the E3 Ligase ZFP91. — J Med Chem

Cellosaurus cell lines

6 cell lines: 5 transformed cell line, 1 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_B1VI	Abcam HeLa LAMB1 KO	Cancer cell line	Female
CVCL_D9IA	Ubigene HEK293 LAMB1 KO	Transformed cell line	Female
CVCL_RY69	HEK293 rLN10	Transformed cell line	Female
CVCL_RY70	HEK293 rLN10_hNid1	Transformed cell line	Female
CVCL_RY71	HEK293 rLN8	Transformed cell line	Female
CVCL_VN83	HEK293 rLN10_hEcad	Transformed cell line	Female

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00037102	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Combination Therapy With Avonex and BiMonthly High Dose Intravenous Methotrexate in Multiple Sclerosis
NCT00037115	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Induction Therapy With a Single High Dose Bolus of Intravenous Methotrexate With Leucovorin Rescue, Prior to Initiation of AVONEX® Treatment, in Patients Presenting With a First Acute Demyelinating Event.
NCT00146068	PHASE4	COMPLETED	EARLY IFNB-1a and Simvastatin Combination Therapy in Clinically Isolated Syndrome Suggestive of Multiple Sclerosis
NCT00151294	PHASE4	TERMINATED	The Efficacy and Safety of Escitalopram for Depression in Multiple Sclerosis
NCT00176592	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Phase IV Study, Betaseron Versus Copaxone for Relapsing Remitting or CIS Forms of MS Using Triple Dose Gad 3 T MRI
NCT00179478	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Long Term Study of Avonex Therapy Following a First Attack of Multiple Sclerosis
NCT00220922	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study to Evaluate the Impact on Skin (Injection Site) Reactions of Using Alcohol Wipes Prior to Daily Injections of Copaxone®.
NCT00239993	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study to Evaluate the Impact of Using Warm Compress Prior to Daily Injections of Copaxone®
NCT00240006	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study Comparing Shared Solutions® Plus MS Center Support Versus Shared Solutions® Alone
NCT00240032	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study to Evaluate the Impact on Skin (Injection Site) Reactions of Taking an Antihistamine (Zyrtec®) or Placebo Prior to Daily Injections of Copaxone®.
NCT00246324	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Safety and Efficacy Study of Doxycycline in Combination With Interferon-B-1a to Treat Multiple Sclerosis
NCT00267319	PHASE4	COMPLETED	FOCUS Fatigue Outcome in Copaxone USers
NCT00381264	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of the Efficacy of Cesamet™ for the Treatment of Pain in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
NCT00414453	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Trial of Analgesia With Lidocaine or Extended-release Oxycodone for Neuropathic Pain Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis
NCT00423527	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Levetiracetam in Central Pain in Multiple Sclerosis(MS)
NCT00480181	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Nabilone as Adjunctive Therapy to Gabapentin for the Management of Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis
NCT00492765	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Simvastatin as an Add-on Treatment to Interferon-beta-1a for the Treatment of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
NCT00493077	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Safety of Avonex Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis Patients With Neutralizing Antibodies to Interferon Beta Therapy
NCT00536120	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effects of Tysabri Treatment on Vaccination Response and Lymphocyte Subsets in Subjects With Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis
NCT00629642	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Clinical Study of Solifenacin Succinate in Patients With Bladder Symptoms Due to Spinal Cord Injury or Multiple Sclerosis
NCT00638027	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Memantine for Spasticity in MS Patients
NCT00744679	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Pharmacokinetic (PK) Study of Natalizumab (Tysabri) at Steady State
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