LZTS2

Summary

LZTS2 (leucine zipper tumor suppressor 2, HGNC:29381) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 10q24.31, encoding Leucine zipper putative tumor suppressor 2 (Q9BRK4). Negative regulator of katanin-mediated microtubule severing and release from the centrosome.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the leucine zipper tumor suppressor family of proteins, which function in transcription regulation and cell cycle control. This family member can repress beta-catenin-mediated transcriptional activation and is a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. It negatively regulates microtubule severing at centrosomes, and is necessary for central spindle formation and cytokinesis completion. It is implicated in cancer, where it may inhibit cell proliferation and decrease susceptibility to tumor development. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants.

Source: NCBI Gene 84445 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 2
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 159 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001318100

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:29381
Approved symbol	LZTS2
Name	leucine zipper tumor suppressor 2
Location	10q24.31
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	KIAA1813, LAPSER1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000107816
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	610454
Entrez	84445

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 32 — 31 protein_coding, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000370220, ENST00000370223, ENST00000426584, ENST00000429732, ENST00000454422, ENST00000481129, ENST00000489526, ENST00000853681, ENST00000853682, ENST00000853691, ENST00000853699, ENST00000853700, ENST00000853702, ENST00000853703, ENST00000853704, ENST00000853705, ENST00000853706, ENST00000853707, ENST00000853708, ENST00000912443, ENST00000912444, ENST00000912445, ENST00000912446, ENST00000912447, ENST00000912448, ENST00000912449, ENST00000912450, ENST00000912451, ENST00000962995, ENST00000962996, ENST00000962997, ENST00000962998

RefSeq mRNA: 13 — MANE Select: NM_001318100 NM_001318099, NM_001318100, NM_001318101, NM_001394944, NM_001394945, NM_001394946, NM_001394947, NM_001394948, NM_001394949, NM_001394950, NM_001394951, NM_001394952, NM_032429

CCDS: CCDS7507

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000454422 — 5 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000721492	101003507	101004166
ENSE00000721496	101005458	101005715
ENSE00001713685	100999808	100999952
ENSE00003793022	101002497	101002946
ENSE00003963719	101006485	101007833

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 231 present calls, max score 97.44.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 20.0209 / max 123.7550, expressed in 1789 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (9 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
106629	10.2762	1608
106621	4.1573	1527
106626	2.1143	1019
106622	1.6057	916
106623	0.5711	323
106628	0.5439	357
106627	0.3773	170
106625	0.2262	87
106624	0.1488	55

Top tissues by expression

249 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	97.44	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	96.89	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	96.89	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	96.62	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	96.61	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	96.56	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	96.56	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	96.52	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	96.46	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	96.24	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	96.02	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	96.00	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	95.98	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	95.98	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	95.72	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	95.69	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	95.67	gold quality
spinal cord	UBERON:0002240	95.50	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	95.41	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	95.34	gold quality
coronary artery	UBERON:0001621	95.28	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	95.28	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	94.91	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	94.81	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	94.77	gold quality
saphenous vein	UBERON:0007318	94.53	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	94.52	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	94.45	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	94.18	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	94.08	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	4.59

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): NFKB

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

62 targeting LZTS2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-LET-7A-3P	100.00	74.03	3932
HSA-LET-7B-3P	100.00	74.08	3913
HSA-LET-7F-1-3P	100.00	74.02	3928
HSA-MIR-98-3P	100.00	74.08	3907
HSA-MIR-9-5P	100.00	72.28	2361
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-4682	100.00	68.89	1258
HSA-MIR-34A-5P	99.99	71.21	1784
HSA-MIR-449A	99.99	71.05	1776
HSA-MIR-4775	99.98	75.00	6394
HSA-MIR-34C-5P	99.97	70.45	1577
HSA-MIR-449B-5P	99.97	70.26	1580
HSA-MIR-4487	99.96	64.58	1252
HSA-MIR-4666A-3P	99.96	71.71	3434
HSA-MIR-493-5P	99.96	72.47	2382
HSA-LET-7C-3P	99.95	73.42	2862
HSA-MIR-381-3P	99.93	71.87	2854
HSA-MIR-300	99.92	71.76	2856
HSA-MIR-4302	99.89	67.94	1187
HSA-MIR-4271	99.88	68.32	2244
HSA-MIR-4492	99.87	68.25	3611
HSA-LET-7A-2-3P	99.87	70.53	1921
HSA-LET-7G-3P	99.85	70.43	1929
HSA-MIR-6875-3P	99.82	70.26	2983
HSA-MIR-92A-2-5P	99.75	67.01	2164
HSA-MIR-4719	99.73	72.10	3329
HSA-MIR-6716-5P	99.56	68.62	1244
HSA-MIR-582-5P	99.47	70.79	2635
HSA-MIR-6839-3P	99.39	68.86	1301
HSA-MIR-6882-5P	99.35	71.13	1206

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 9)

• LZTS2 is a beta-catenin-interacting protein and modulates beta-catenin signaling and localization (PMID:17000760)
• The reciprocal crosstalk between beta-catenin/Tcf pathway and NF-kappaB signaling in hMSCs is mediated through the regulation of lzts2 expression. (PMID:17950943)
• LAPSER1 C terminal domain inhibits katanin(p80/p60)-mediated microtubule severing in vitro. (PMID:18490357)
• deletion of Lzts2 increases susceptibility to spontaneous and carcinogen-induced tumor development. (PMID:23275340)
• LZTS2 could inhibit cell proliferation and cell cycle transition at the G1/S phase and was implicated in the regulation of proteins associated with the canonical Wnt pathway, including GSK3B and beta-catenin through inactivating the Akt pathway. (PMID:23761130)
• Study found that LZTS2 was downregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and predicted poor prognosis. Functionally, we showed that LZTS2 suppresses tumorigenesis and radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a p85-dependent manner. (PMID:29409973)
• LZTS2 promoter hypermethylation is associated with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:29499699)
• LZTS2: A novel and independent prognostic biomarker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. (PMID:35287088)
• Phosphorylation of LZTS2 by PLK1 activates the Wnt pathway. (PMID:38740232)

Cross-species orthologs

6 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	lzts2a	ENSDARG00000074597
danio_rerio	lzts2b	ENSDARG00000077207
mus_musculus	Lzts2	ENSMUSG00000035342
rattus_norvegicus	Lzts2	ENSRNOG00000014969
drosophila_melanogaster	CG15365	FBGN0030077
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00018033

Paralogs (2): LZTS1 (ENSG00000061337), LZTS3 (ENSG00000088899)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Leucine zipper putative tumor suppressor 2 — Q9BRK4 (reviewed: Q9BRK4)

Alternative names: Protein LAPSER1

All UniProt accessions (5): Q9BRK4, B1AL11, B1AL12, B1AL13, S4R3W7

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Negative regulator of katanin-mediated microtubule severing and release from the centrosome. Required for central spindle formation and the completion of cytokinesis. May negatively regulate axonal outgrowth by preventing the formation of microtubule bundles that are necessary for transport within the elongating axon. Negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. Represses beta-catenin-mediated transcriptional activation by promoting the nuclear exclusion of beta-catenin.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with KATNB1. Also interacts with CTNNB1, gamma-tubulin and KIF23.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton. Microtubule organizing center. Centrosome.

Tissue specificity. Highly expressed in prostate and testis, and at slightly lower levels in spleen, thymus, uterus, small intestine and colon.

Induction. By inhibition of NF-kappa-B signaling.

Similarity. Belongs to the LZTS2 family.

RefSeq proteins (13): NP_001305028, NP_001305029, NP_001305030, NP_001381873, NP_001381874, NP_001381875, NP_001381876, NP_001381877, NP_001381878, NP_001381879, NP_001381880, NP_001381881, NP_115805 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR028597	LZTS2	Family
IPR045329	LZTS	Family

Pfam: PF06818

UniProt features (28 total): compositionally biased region 9, region of interest 7, modified residue 3, sequence variant 3, mutagenesis site 2, chain 1, sequence conflict 1, coiled-coil region 1, short sequence motif 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9BRK4-F1	67.67	0.42

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (3): 249, 296, 570

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (2):

Position	Phenotype
638	induces nuclear accumulation. impairs nuclear exclusion of beta-catenin; when associated with a-640.
640	induces nuclear accumulation. impairs nuclear exclusion of beta-catenin; when associated with a-38.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 204 (showing top): GSE45365_NK_CELL_VS_CD11B_DC_UP, GOBP_MITOTIC_CYTOKINESIS, GOBP_MORPHOGENESIS_OF_AN_EPITHELIUM, GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_URETER_DEVELOPMENT, LFA1_Q6, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_DN, GOBP_GROWTH, LINDGREN_BLADDER_CANCER_CLUSTER_3_DN, MEF2_02, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_WNT_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, FOXO4_01, GOBP_KIDNEY_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, GGGTGGRR_PAX4_03, CAGCTG_AP4_Q5

GO Biological Process (14): mitotic cytokinesis (GO:0000281), Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0016055), fibroblast proliferation (GO:0048144), negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation (GO:0048147), microtubule severing (GO:0051013), nuclear export (GO:0051168), spindle midzone assembly (GO:0051255), primary ureteric bud growth (GO:0060682), ureter morphogenesis (GO:0072197), negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090), negative regulation of protein localization to nucleus (GO:1900181), kidney development (GO:0001822), negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0030178), cell division (GO:0051301)

GO Molecular Function (1): protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (8): centrosome (GO:0005813), cytosol (GO:0005829), microtubule (GO:0005874), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), midbody (GO:0030496), vesicle (GO:0031982), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	3
mitotic cell cycle	1
cytoskeleton-dependent cytokinesis	1
mitotic cell cycle process	1
cell surface receptor signaling pathway	1
cell population proliferation	1
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	1
fibroblast proliferation	1
regulation of fibroblast proliferation	1
microtubule cytoskeleton organization	1
nucleocytoplasmic transport	1
intercellular transport	1
microtubule-based process	1
cell cycle process	1
cellular component assembly	1
spindle assembly	1
developmental growth involved in morphogenesis	1
ureteric bud elongation	1
animal organ morphogenesis	1
tube morphogenesis	1
ureter development	1
negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway	1
canonical Wnt signaling pathway	1
regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	1
protein localization to nucleus	1
regulation of protein localization to nucleus	1
negative regulation of protein localization	1
animal organ development	1
renal system development	1
negative regulation of signal transduction	1
Wnt signaling pathway	1
regulation of Wnt signaling pathway	1
cellular process	1
binding	1
centriole	1
microtubule organizing center	1
cytoplasm	1
microtubule cytoskeleton	1
polymeric cytoskeletal fiber	1
membrane	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1577 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
LZTS2	KATNB1	Q9BVA0	892
LZTS2	KATNA1	O75449	821
LZTS2	SHANK3	Q9BYB0	786
LZTS2	SIPA1L1	O43166	716
LZTS2	MXI1	P50539	662
LZTS2	FHIP1A	Q05DH4	596
LZTS2	CTNNB1	P35222	586
LZTS2	SHANK2	Q9UPX8	542
LZTS2	FAM117A	Q9C073	532
LZTS2	PROSER3	Q2NL68	467
LZTS2	PTEN	P60484	455
LZTS2	RNF169	Q8NCN4	453
LZTS2	DLG4	P78352	412
LZTS2	DLG5	Q8TDM6	412
LZTS2	TMEM86A	Q8N2M4	410
LZTS2	MYO6	Q9UM54	410

IntAct

908 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
RAD51D	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.810
RIN1	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.810
LZTS2	ZGPAT	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.810
LZTS2	RAD51D	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.810
LZTS2	FKBP6	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
HSPD1	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
BAHD1	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
FKBP6	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
SUV39H1	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
LZTS2	NCK2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
PQBP1	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
USP2	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
QARS1	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
LZTS2	GEM	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
LZTS2	BYSL	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
FAM161A	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
ZNF572	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
LZTS2	ATPAF2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
LZTS2	MAB21L3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
LZTS2	ZNF417	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
LZTS2	POLDIP3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
LZTS2	KAT5	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
LZTS2	DCUN1D1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
LZTS2	TNIP3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
THAP7	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
LZTS2	CBX8	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
AIRIM	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
NCK2	LZTS2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720

BioGRID (714): LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid), LZTS2 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A8I3QA39, A1YB07, A2A6T1, A2A9T0, A2AHG0, A5PKL7, A6NKD9, A7MCY6, B8A5S6, D3ZD05, E1BEQ5, E1U8D0, E9Q6B2, F1MRK3, G3V735, O14529, O60299, O75145, O94964, P60469, Q1LZH7, Q3LUD4, Q3UIL6, Q499E4, Q5JTD0, Q5RCR6, Q5XIA0, Q62036, Q63ZY3, Q6DG50, Q6IQ23, Q6NZT2, Q6PDH0, Q86UU1, Q86X02, Q8BX02, Q8C7U1, Q8IY63, Q8K1Q4, Q8K371

Diamond homologs: A0A1L8GUX5, A0A1L8GXY6, A2AHG0, A5PKL7, O15049, O60299, P60853, Q3LUD3, Q3LUD4, Q5U4W1, Q6DIS8, Q8C7U1, Q8CFC9, Q8K1Q4, Q91YU6, Q9BRK4, Q9Y250, Q5ZLT3

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

159 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	148
Likely benign	4
Benign	1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1201 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
10:101002944:AAGGT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
10:101002945:AGGT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
10:101002946:GGTG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
10:101005453:TGCA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:101005454:GCAG:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:101005455:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:101005456:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:101005456:A:AT	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:101005457:G:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:101005457:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:101005605:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101005670:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101005679:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101005701:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101005702:A:T	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101005709:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101005713:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101005713:G:T	donor_gain	1.0000
10:101005714:AG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
10:101005715:GGTG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
10:101005716:G:GA	donor_loss	1.0000
10:101005717:T:G	donor_loss	1.0000
10:101006477:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:101006480:CCCA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:101006481:CCA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:101006482:CAG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:101006483:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:101006484:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:101006484:GGT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:101006484:GGTGT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

1388 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
10:101003528:C:A	R144S	0.998
10:101003538:C:A	A147D	0.998
10:101003541:T:C	F148S	0.998
10:101003540:T:C	F148L	0.997
10:101003542:C:A	F148L	0.997
10:101003542:C:G	F148L	0.997
10:101003545:G:C	K149N	0.996
10:101003545:G:T	K149N	0.996
10:101003528:C:G	R144G	0.994
10:101003543:A:G	K149E	0.994
10:101003526:T:A	I143N	0.993
10:101003526:T:C	I143T	0.993
10:101002620:A:C	S28R	0.992
10:101002622:T:A	S28R	0.992
10:101002622:T:G	S28R	0.992
10:101003526:T:G	I143S	0.992
10:101003754:A:T	D219V	0.991
10:101003532:C:T	P145L	0.990
10:101003541:T:G	F148C	0.990
10:101002629:A:C	S31R	0.989
10:101002631:C:A	S31R	0.989
10:101002631:C:G	S31R	0.989
10:101003532:C:A	P145Q	0.988
10:101003532:C:G	P145R	0.988
10:101003540:T:A	F148I	0.987
10:101003531:C:A	P145T	0.984
10:101003753:G:C	D219H	0.984
10:101002927:T:A	V130D	0.983
10:101003754:A:C	D219A	0.980
10:101002617:G:C	G27R	0.979

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000158407 (10:101001507 GC>G), RS1000194497 (10:100995980 C>T), RS1000246107 (10:100998915 C>T), RS1000279109 (10:101000494 G>A), RS1000283410 (10:101000279 C>T), RS1000486704 (10:101005827 C>T), RS1000552161 (10:100997503 C>T), RS1000910310 (10:101008218 C>T), RS1001449828 (10:101003720 T>TG,TGG), RS1001802642 (10:100999276 G>A), RS1002301556 (10:100997658 C>G,T), RS1002593154 (10:100995073 A>C), RS1002760582 (10:100997328 G>A,C), RS1002769480 (10:101000115 G>A), RS1002902102 (10:101006651 C>A,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:610454 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002281_18	Ejection fraction in Tripanosoma cruzi seropositivity	4.000000e-07
GCST006921_7	Regular attendance at a pub or social club	1.000000e-08

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0005527	ejection fraction measurement
EFO:0009592	social interaction measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

37 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	affects expression, decreases methylation, affects cotreatment, increases expression	3
Valproic Acid	affects expression, decreases expression	2
FR900359	increases phosphorylation	1
bisphenol F	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate	decreases expression	1
sodium arsenite	increases expression	1
butyraldehyde	decreases expression	1
coumarin	decreases phosphorylation	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
bisphenol S	decreases methylation	1
jinfukang	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	decreases expression	1
Temozolomide	decreases expression	1
Atrazine	increases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	decreases methylation, increases methylation	1
Cadmium	increases expression	1
Caffeine	decreases phosphorylation	1
Cisplatin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Dexamethasone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Indomethacin	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Lead	decreases expression	1
Malathion	decreases expression	1
Ribonucleotides	affects binding	1
Smoke	decreases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	increases expression	1
Tretinoin	decreases expression	1
Urethane	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.