MACC1

Summary

MACC1 (MET transcriptional regulator MACC1, HGNC:30215) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 7p21.1, encoding Metastasis-associated in colon cancer protein 1 (Q6ZN28). Acts as a transcription activator for MET and as a key regulator of HGF-MET signaling.

MACC1 is a key regulator of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF; MIM 142409)-HGF receptor (HGFR, or MET; MIM 164860) pathway, which is involved in cellular growth, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, cell motility, invasiveness, and metastasis. Expression of MACC1 in colon cancer (MIM 114500) specimens is an independent prognostic indicator for metastasis formation and metastasis-free survival (Stein et al., 2009 [PubMed 19098908]).

Source: NCBI Gene 346389 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 7
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 144 total
• Cancer driver (intOGen): loss-of-function (tumor-suppressor-like) across 1 cancer types
• MANE Select transcript: NM_182762

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:30215
Approved symbol	MACC1
Name	MET transcriptional regulator MACC1
Location	7p21.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	7A5, SH3BP4L
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000183742
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	612646
Entrez	346389

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 10 — 8 protein_coding, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000332878, ENST00000400331, ENST00000471019, ENST00000483317, ENST00000589011, ENST00000910134, ENST00000910135, ENST00000910136, ENST00000910137, ENST00000939059

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_182762 NM_182762

CCDS: CCDS5369

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000400331 — 7 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001295919	20154193	20154381
ENSE00001317933	20158204	20160245
ENSE00001332817	20161748	20161870
ENSE00001427091	20170714	20170778
ENSE00001427683	20217299	20217384
ENSE00001433209	20164256	20164399
ENSE00001554656	20134655	20141158

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 142 present calls, max score 87.80.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 5.1332 / max 359.8246, expressed in 606 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (9 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
82968	3.2612	497
82969	0.5867	257
82971	0.4501	202
82970	0.4369	183
82972	0.2129	113
82973	0.0661	29
82964	0.0625	25
82974	0.0361	13
82975	0.0207	10

Top tissues by expression

224 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
nasal cavity epithelium	UBERON:0005384	87.80	gold quality
palpebral conjunctiva	UBERON:0001812	83.51	gold quality
ileal mucosa	UBERON:0000331	83.31	gold quality
kidney epithelium	UBERON:0004819	82.99	silver quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	82.78	gold quality
bronchial epithelial cell	CL:0002328	81.90	gold quality
bronchus	UBERON:0002185	80.58	gold quality
epithelium of nasopharynx	UBERON:0001951	79.77	silver quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	79.33	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	78.19	gold quality
oral cavity	UBERON:0000167	77.87	gold quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	77.23	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	76.99	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	76.94	gold quality
jejunal mucosa	UBERON:0000399	76.14	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	75.61	gold quality
pancreas	UBERON:0001264	75.47	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	75.30	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	75.16	gold quality
minor salivary gland	UBERON:0001830	74.72	gold quality
mouth mucosa	UBERON:0003729	73.95	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	73.46	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	72.74	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	72.40	gold quality
esophagus squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006920	72.12	silver quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	71.70	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	71.63	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	71.47	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	70.95	gold quality
nasal cavity mucosa	UBERON:0001826	70.83	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-CURD-119	yes	27.30
E-ANND-3	yes	6.39

Regulation

Is transcription factor: yes

Downstream targets (CollecTRI)

2 targets.

Target	Regulation
MACC1
MET	Activation

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AP1, MACC1, SOX17, SP1, SRY

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

201 targeting MACC1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-8485	100.00	77.57	4731
HSA-MIR-126-5P	100.00	72.71	3180
HSA-MIR-4795-3P	100.00	74.62	4024
HSA-MIR-5692B	100.00	71.32	2622
HSA-MIR-5692C	100.00	71.32	2622
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-1252-5P	100.00	69.80	2774
HSA-LET-7A-3P	100.00	74.03	3932
HSA-LET-7B-3P	100.00	74.08	3913
HSA-LET-7F-1-3P	100.00	74.02	3928
HSA-MIR-98-3P	100.00	74.08	3907
HSA-MIR-3646	100.00	73.56	5283
HSA-MIR-656-3P	100.00	72.15	2788
HSA-MIR-186-5P	99.99	70.83	3707
HSA-MIR-548C-3P	99.99	74.01	7587
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-371B-5P	99.99	75.34	4759
HSA-MIR-4789-3P	99.99	70.75	2484
HSA-MIR-4282	99.99	75.36	6408
HSA-MIR-511-3P	99.99	68.85	1467
HSA-MIR-4803	99.98	71.99	3117
HSA-MIR-548P	99.98	72.25	3784
HSA-LET-7F-2-3P	99.98	70.98	2588
HSA-MIR-1185-1-3P	99.98	71.04	2593
HSA-MIR-1185-2-3P	99.98	71.04	2593
HSA-MIR-4482-3P	99.98	72.50	3147
HSA-MIR-373-5P	99.98	75.36	4753
HSA-MIR-616-5P	99.98	75.58	4775
HSA-MIR-27A-3P	99.98	72.13	2955

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• study revealed MACC1 protein consists of 4 domains: ZU5, SH3 & 2 C-terminal death domains; bioinformatic analysis indicates MACC1, besides its involvement in signal transduction from the MET receptor, links MET signaling & apoptosis (PMID:19499089)
• MACC1 acts via a specific consensus sequence of the Met promoter, described as an Sp1 binding site. (PMID:19556890)
• Summarized are MACC1 genomic localization and organization, its predicted splice variants, and single nucleotide polymorphisms, predicted expressions of MACC1 in normal and malignant human tissues. (PMID:19787327)
• Results suggest that MACC1 is more frequently expressed in advanced colorectal carcinomas. (PMID:20682999)
• MACC1 is more frequently expressed in peritoneal-disseminated gastric carcinomas and may serve as a new parameter for the prognostic prediction of gastric cancer. (PMID:20944120)
• Metastasis associated in colon cancer 1 gene overexpression may be a useful marker for predicting postoperative recurrence in patients with lung adenocarcinoma after surgery. (PMID:21093878)
• Expression analysis of MET, MACC1, and HGF in metastatic colorectal cancer. (PMID:21447729)
• MACC1 is more frequently expressed in vascular invasive hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:21498695)
• Overexpression of MACC1 mRNA is associated with postoperative recurrence in patients with lung adenocarcinoma following surgery (PMID:21508357)
• Data indicate taht candidate genes ACTB, BZW, OCM, MACC1, NXPH1, PRPS1L1, RAC1 and RPA3, which lie within the DFNB90 region, were sequenced and no potentially causal variants were identified. (PMID:21734401)
• High MACC1 is associated with ovarian carcinoma (PMID:21923915)
• MACC1 may identify low- and high-risk individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma and be a valuable indicator for stratifying the prognosis of TNM stage I patients. (PMID:21955323)
• Concomitant downregulation of miR-1 and increase of MACC1 can thus contribute to MET overexpression and to the metastatic behavior of colon cancer cells. (PMID:22179665)
• For the first time, our study investigated the influence of MACC1 tagging polymorphisms on overall survival suggesting SNP rs1990172 as a predictor for reduced overall survival in colorectal cancer patients. (PMID:22251819)
• MACC1 has a role in colorectal cancer and can be used for imaging in xenografts (PMID:22484916)
• High expression of MACC1 or MET was associated with reduced relapse-free survival and the prognosis was worse when both genes were highly expressed (PMID:22493396)
• Findings newly described miR-143/MACC1 link and provided a potential mechanism for MACC1 dysregulation and contribution to CRC cell invasion. (PMID:22533346)
• MACC1 and c-met have an important function in the differentiation, invasion, and metastasis of NSCLC (PMID:22814258)
• the identification of coding MACC1 SNPs in primary colorectal tumors does not improve the prediction for metastasis formation or for patients’ survival compared to MACC1 expression analysis alone. (PMID:22838389)
• In stage II colon cancer, MACC1 expression predicts development of metastases, outperforming microsatellite stability status, as well as KRAS/BRAF mutation status. (PMID:23095620)
• Circulating MACC1 transcripts in colorectal cancer patient plasma predict metastasis and prognosis. (PMID:23166620)
• MACC1 protein was localized in both nuclei and cytoplasm of the hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and the nuclear localization of MACC1 protein was associated with increased aggressiveness of the hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. (PMID:23232575)
• MACC1 mRNA up-regulation is a feature of disease progression in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:23291068)
• MACC1 mRNA and nuclear protein expression was significantly increased in tumorous tissues in these patients than that in normal liver tissue controls (PMID:23414367)
• MACC1 also promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of both gastric cancer cell lines. (PMID:23457029)
• MACC1 plays an important role in carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (PMID:23573286)
• MACC1, a new easily detectable biomarker in cancer, is an independent prognostic factor of recurrence after liver resection of colorectal cancer metastasis. (PMID:23665971)
• There is an inverse correlation between MACC1 level and patient survival in subjects with early-stage HCC or with normal serum AFP. (PMID:23717574)
• Studied the expression of MACC1 in esophageal cancer by utilizing immunohistochemistry and analyzed the relationship between the expression and esophageal cancer prognosis. (PMID:23737034)
• Studied the expression of MACC-1 and c-MET in gastric cancer, and correlated this expression with clinicohistological parameters and patient prognosis. (PMID:23812675)
• overexpression of MACC1 was positively associated with the progression and poor prognosis in patients with glioma. (PMID:23982875)
• our data suggest that MACC1 may play important roles in the development and progression of osteosarcoma, and thus may be considered as a novel molecular target for therapy of the patients with OS. (PMID:24065195)
• MACC1 is related to colorectal cancer initiation and early-stage invasive growth. (PMID:24124150)
• our data presented herein suggest that biological implications triggered by MACC1 may be tightly associated with the status of Akt signaling pathway in osteosarcoma (PMID:24163085)
• High MACC1 expression is associated with malignant glioma progression. (PMID:24220141)
• MACC1 protein and mRNA overexpression in both NSCLC tissues and cell lines is related to tumor recurrence, metastasis, and prognosis (PMID:24310811)
• MACC1 acts as a putative oncogene in GBC and could be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for gallbladder cancer. (PMID:24425103)
• Our data suggest that SNP rs1990172 and SNP rs975263 in the MACC1 gene may be potential genetic markers for hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence in liver transplantation patients. (PMID:24465159)
• MACC1 or combination of MACC1/FAK could serve as a novel biomarker in predicting the prognosis of patocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation . (PMID:24516351)
• Highly expressed MACC1 protein is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:24568531)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	macc1	ENSDARG00000040717
mus_musculus	Macc1	ENSMUSG00000041886
rattus_norvegicus	Macc1	ENSRNOG00000037436

Paralogs (1): SH3BP4 (ENSG00000130147)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Metastasis-associated in colon cancer protein 1 — Q6ZN28 (reviewed: Q6ZN28)

Alternative names: SH3 domain-containing protein 7a5

All UniProt accessions (1): Q6ZN28

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Acts as a transcription activator for MET and as a key regulator of HGF-MET signaling. Promotes cell motility, proliferation and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-dependent scattering in vitro and tumor growth and metastasis in vivo.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with FASLG.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

Tissue specificity. Preferentially expressed in metastasizing tumors.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_877439* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000906	ZU5_dom	Domain
IPR001452	SH3_domain	Domain
IPR056181	SH3BP4_C	Domain
IPR056182	UPA_SH3BP4	Domain
IPR056183	DEATH_SH3BP4	Domain

Pfam: PF23637, PF23640, PF24094

UniProt features (12 total): sequence variant 5, sequence conflict 3, domain 2, chain 1, modified residue 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q6ZN28-F1	71.40	0.26

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (1): 19

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 123 (showing top): CCAWYNNGAAR_UNKNOWN, GAUSSMANN_MLL_AF4_FUSION_TARGETS_A_DN, GOMF_GROWTH_FACTOR_ACTIVITY, WANG_LMO4_TARGETS_DN, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELL_DIVISION, CHARAFE_BREAST_CANCER_BASAL_VS_MESENCHYMAL_UP, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_DIVISION, GOMF_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_BINDING, ISRE_01, GOBP_CELL_DIVISION, CHARAFE_BREAST_CANCER_LUMINAL_VS_MESENCHYMAL_UP, MASSARWEH_TAMOXIFEN_RESISTANCE_UP, VECCHI_GASTRIC_CANCER_EARLY_UP, VANASSE_BCL2_TARGETS_UP, GOMF_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_REGULATOR_ACTIVITY

GO Biological Process (3): positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944), positive regulation of cell division (GO:0051781), signal transduction (GO:0007165)

GO Molecular Function (2): growth factor activity (GO:0008083), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (3): nucleus (GO:0005634), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), mitochondrion (GO:0005739)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	2
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	1
transcription by RNA polymerase II	1
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	1
positive regulation of cellular process	1
cell division	1
regulation of cell division	1
cell communication	1
cellular process	1
signaling	1
regulation of cellular process	1
cellular response to stimulus	1
receptor ligand activity	1
binding	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cellular anatomical structure	1
cytoplasm	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

556 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
MACC1	HGF	P14210	827
MACC1	MET	P08581	806
MACC1	PDE8A	O60658	622
MACC1	EPS15	P42566	567
MACC1	PPDPF	Q9H3Y8	479
MACC1	DNMBP	Q6XZF7	389
MACC1	RRS1	Q15050	374
MACC1	TMEM196	Q5HYL7	370
MACC1	CTNNB1	P35222	366
MACC1	SIX3	O95343	353
MACC1	MDC1	Q14676	353
MACC1	AKT1	P31749	348
MACC1	CDH1	P12830	323
MACC1	TRIP12	Q14669	322
MACC1	ZEB1	P37275	321

IntAct

10 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
CFTR	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.710
MACC1	FASLG	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
ESR1	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MACC1	MARK3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
KLHL22	TRAV18	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
N		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CDH1	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270

BioGRID (14): MACC1 (Proximity Label-MS), MACC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), EPS15 (Affinity Capture-MS), MARK3 (Affinity Capture-MS), FCHO2 (Affinity Capture-MS), MIB2 (Affinity Capture-MS), MARK2 (Affinity Capture-MS), YWHAE (Affinity Capture-MS), MACC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MACC1 (Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)), SRRM1 (Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)), MACC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MACC1 (Affinity Capture-RNA), MACC1 (Protein-peptide)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A2B4RNI3, A0A3M6TIF0, A0A8B8EY61, A0A913XCT1, A6NKT7, B1WBT0, G5ED39, H2QII6, O14715, O36371, O36385, O36386, O36406, P0DJD0, P0DJD1, P24447, P32742, P33802, P34335, P42286, P49792, P52344, P52448, P90245, Q01013, Q01015, Q0VD34, Q13535, Q18LD0, Q23652, Q499E0, Q568Z9, Q5PQN2, Q5R4I8, Q5RBY8, Q6ZN28, Q751Y8, Q76B58, Q7Z3J3, Q8K0S0

Diamond homologs: A0JNB0, A1A5H8, A1DFN5, A1Y2K1, P00523, P00524, P00525, P00526, P05480, P06241, P09324, P12931, P13115, P13116, P13406, P14084, P14085, P15054, P17713, P25020, P27447, P34109, P39688, P63185, Q05876, Q1JPZ3, Q1LVQ2, Q5RBY8, Q5U228, Q62844, Q6EWH2, Q6NU22, Q6NU51, Q6ZN28, Q8AXQ3, Q921I6, Q9JJS5, Q9P0V3, Q9V9J3, Q9WUD9

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
MACC1	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	MET	“transcriptional regulation”
DCLK1	“up-regulates activity”	MACC1	phosphorylation

Disease & clinical

Cancer significance

From intOGen — cancer-driver classification: loss-of-function (tumor-suppressor-like) across 1 cancer types — LUAD.

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

144 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	118
Likely benign	8
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

2112 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
7:20140953:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
7:20140954:C:A	donor_gain	1.0000
7:20141029:T:A	donor_gain	1.0000
7:20141040:G:C	donor_gain	1.0000
7:20154187:TCTTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
7:20154188:CTTA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
7:20154189:TTACC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
7:20154190:TAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
7:20154191:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
7:20154191:A:AG	donor_loss	1.0000
7:20154192:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
7:20154192:CCT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
7:20154377:AGAGC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20154378:GAGC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20154379:AGC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20154380:GC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20154381:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20154381:CCTG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
7:20154382:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20154383:T:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
7:20160247:T:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20160254:T:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20161742:CCATA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
7:20161746:ACCTG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
7:20161747:CCT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
7:20161866:TCCAC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20161867:CCAC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20161867:CCACC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20161868:CAC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
7:20161868:CACC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

0 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000009848 (7:20174556 G>A), RS1000031507 (7:20210298 C>T), RS1000036353 (7:20135665 T>C), RS1000050571 (7:20205834 A>C,G), RS1000079844 (7:20175859 C>G), RS1000177533 (7:20143538 G>A), RS1000189227 (7:20141258 A>C), RS1000252437 (7:20179314 A>G), RS1000262552 (7:20215676 G>A), RS1000285803 (7:20215019 T>A), RS1000290778 (7:20163231 T>A,C), RS1000366435 (7:20149274 C>T), RS1000419044 (7:20148958 T>C), RS1000455955 (7:20183972 T>G), RS1000461233 (7:20178481 G>A,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:612646 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

7 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002000_4	Adverse response to chemotherapy (neutropenia/leucopenia) (etoposide)	9.000000e-06
GCST005956_25	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	3.000000e-08
GCST005962_47	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI x sex x age interaction (4df test)	7.000000e-07
GCST006631_50	Nicotine dependence and major depression (severity of comorbidity)	6.000000e-06
GCST007995_50	Asthma (childhood onset)	9.000000e-09
GCST009798_44	Asthma	3.000000e-08
GCST90011900_195	Serum alkaline phosphatase levels	4.000000e-09

EFO canonical traits (6, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007788	BMI-adjusted waist-hip ratio
EFO:0008007	age at assessment
EFO:0008343	sex interaction measurement
EFO:0007006	depressive symptom measurement
EFO:0009262	nicotine dependence symptom count
EFO:0004533	alkaline phosphatase measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

38 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects expression, decreases methylation, affects cotreatment, increases expression	8
trichostatin A	affects cotreatment, increases expression	3
mercuric bromide	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
entinostat	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
belinostat	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Panobinostat	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Estradiol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression	2
Formaldehyde	decreases expression	2
Phenylmercuric Acetate	affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	affects expression, increases expression	2
p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid	affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
TL8-506	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
urushiol	increases expression	1
methylmercuric chloride	decreases expression, increases expression	1
bisphenol A	decreases methylation	1
2,5,2’,5’-tetrachlorobiphenyl	decreases expression	1
sodium arsenite	increases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects response to substance, increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
cylindrospermopsin	increases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
parecoxib	decreases expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
dorsomorphin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	decreases expression	1
FH535	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
Fulvestrant	decreases methylation	1
Air Pollutants	increases abundance, decreases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases methylation, increases methylation	1
Carbamazepine	affects expression	1
Lipopolysaccharides	increases expression, affects response to substance, affects cotreatment	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.