MACF1
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Also known as KIAA0465ACF7ABP620KIAA1251MACFFLJ45612FLJ46776Lnc-PMIF
Summary
MACF1 (microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1, HGNC:13664) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1p34.3, encoding Microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1, isoforms 6/7 (O94854).
This gene encodes a large protein containing numerous spectrin and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains. The encoded protein is a member of a family of proteins that form bridges between different cytoskeletal elements. This protein facilitates actin-microtubule interactions at the cell periphery and couples the microtubule network to cellular junctions. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined.
Source: NCBI Gene 23499 — RefSeq curated summary.
At a glance
- Gene–disease (curated): lissencephaly 9 with complex brainstem malformation (Strong, GenCC) — +2 more curated relationships
- GWAS associations: 39
- Clinical variants (ClinVar): 1,957 total — 4 pathogenic, 12 likely-pathogenic
- Phenotypes (HPO): 49
- MANE Select transcript:
NM_001394062
Identifiers
Gene identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| HGNC ID | HGNC:13664 |
| Approved symbol | MACF1 |
| Name | microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 |
| Location | 1p34.3 |
| Locus type | gene with protein product |
| Status | Approved |
| Aliases | KIAA0465, ACF7, ABP620, KIAA1251, MACF, FLJ45612, FLJ46776, Lnc-PMIF |
| Ensembl gene | ENSG00000127603 |
| Ensembl biotype | protein_coding |
| OMIM | 608271 |
| Entrez | 23499 |
Gene structure
Transcript identifiers
Ensembl transcripts: 58 — 24 retained_intron, 20 protein_coding, 10 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 4 nonsense_mediated_decay
ENST00000289893, ENST00000360115, ENST00000361689, ENST00000372915, ENST00000372925, ENST00000422234, ENST00000442046, ENST00000446276, ENST00000462103, ENST00000462496, ENST00000467673, ENST00000469366, ENST00000469490, ENST00000472385, ENST00000473843, ENST00000476350, ENST00000480624, ENST00000484393, ENST00000484793, ENST00000485063, ENST00000494012, ENST00000496360, ENST00000496804, ENST00000497807, ENST00000497964, ENST00000524432, ENST00000528611, ENST00000530262, ENST00000530275, ENST00000564288, ENST00000567887, ENST00000602421, ENST00000602528, ENST00000671089, ENST00000672812, ENST00000673706, ENST00000673926, ENST00000673980, ENST00000683517, ENST00000686067, ENST00000686260, ENST00000686657, ENST00000686687, ENST00000686941, ENST00000687271, ENST00000687885, ENST00000687997, ENST00000688212, ENST00000688426, ENST00000688822, ENST00000689726, ENST00000689911, ENST00000690080, ENST00000690939, ENST00000691623, ENST00000693209, ENST00000693392, ENST00000693546
RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_001394062
NM_001394062, NM_001397473, NM_012090
CCDS: CCDS435, CCDS90919
Canonical transcript exons
ENST00000564288 — 101 exons
| Exon | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| ENSE00001041407 | 39437777 | 39438008 |
| ENSE00001079475 | 39340804 | 39340953 |
| ENSE00001079482 | 39340502 | 39340717 |
| ENSE00001079485 | 39346977 | 39347210 |
| ENSE00001079498 | 39337182 | 39337331 |
| ENSE00001217237 | 39297620 | 39297745 |
| ENSE00001218134 | 39300210 | 39300362 |
| ENSE00001458939 | 39469547 | 39469615 |
| ENSE00001594816 | 39442714 | 39442911 |
| ENSE00001595626 | 39447692 | 39447898 |
| ENSE00001599247 | 39435558 | 39435761 |
| ENSE00001599839 | 39387187 | 39388658 |
| ENSE00001612539 | 39378461 | 39378523 |
| ENSE00001615446 | 39432535 | 39432654 |
| ENSE00001621722 | 39292766 | 39292843 |
| ENSE00001623366 | 39458370 | 39458490 |
| ENSE00001632309 | 39434414 | 39434632 |
| ENSE00001633058 | 39283189 | 39283301 |
| ENSE00001633755 | 39459086 | 39459249 |
| ENSE00001641956 | 39285604 | 39285758 |
| ENSE00001643168 | 39380244 | 39380373 |
| ENSE00001651040 | 39442412 | 39442567 |
| ENSE00001651128 | 39451052 | 39451211 |
| ENSE00001651972 | 39430702 | 39430908 |
| ENSE00001654662 | 39291910 | 39292038 |
| ENSE00001669455 | 39442147 | 39442320 |
| ENSE00001673140 | 39447432 | 39447587 |
| ENSE00001679208 | 39295787 | 39295882 |
| ENSE00001691519 | 39284066 | 39284185 |
| ENSE00001693302 | 39372479 | 39372596 |
| ENSE00001712868 | 39433048 | 39433155 |
| ENSE00001713164 | 39285297 | 39285390 |
| ENSE00001722236 | 39452156 | 39452350 |
| ENSE00001727162 | 39381953 | 39382152 |
| ENSE00001727666 | 39448594 | 39448763 |
| ENSE00001734332 | 39385434 | 39385929 |
| ENSE00001736392 | 39429242 | 39429326 |
| ENSE00001738534 | 39444662 | 39444835 |
| ENSE00001741989 | 39484601 | 39484730 |
| ENSE00001743647 | 39454909 | 39455097 |
| ENSE00001751465 | 39443446 | 39443574 |
| ENSE00001755069 | 39429827 | 39430068 |
| ENSE00001756285 | 39427455 | 39427614 |
| ENSE00001760927 | 39287286 | 39287562 |
| ENSE00001761406 | 39427961 | 39428287 |
| ENSE00001765360 | 39295046 | 39295150 |
| ENSE00001769328 | 39422730 | 39422900 |
| ENSE00001771617 | 39293458 | 39293619 |
| ENSE00001774048 | 39448033 | 39448152 |
| ENSE00001779669 | 39424028 | 39424194 |
| ENSE00001780166 | 39452684 | 39452812 |
| ENSE00001784267 | 39422374 | 39422535 |
| ENSE00001788884 | 39453707 | 39453850 |
| ENSE00001793652 | 39465095 | 39465112 |
| ENSE00001805045 | 39379203 | 39379444 |
| ENSE00001896138 | 39204695 | 39205131 |
| ENSE00002156630 | 39331203 | 39336653 |
| ENSE00002273289 | 39282208 | 39282374 |
| ENSE00002607506 | 39251846 | 39251941 |
| ENSE00002708865 | 39284333 | 39284428 |
| ENSE00003461801 | 39285083 | 39285210 |
| ENSE00003462003 | 39368148 | 39368314 |
| ENSE00003466663 | 39250014 | 39250103 |
| ENSE00003474074 | 39310245 | 39310428 |
| ENSE00003484227 | 39309570 | 39309696 |
| ENSE00003492120 | 39460632 | 39460794 |
| ENSE00003499725 | 39319664 | 39319747 |
| ENSE00003499885 | 39315513 | 39315691 |
| ENSE00003518683 | 39441224 | 39441325 |
| ENSE00003520092 | 39316391 | 39316529 |
| ENSE00003526687 | 39360793 | 39361001 |
| ENSE00003527187 | 39353007 | 39353231 |
| ENSE00003531753 | 39441952 | 39442053 |
| ENSE00003535713 | 39361360 | 39361677 |
| ENSE00003537745 | 39439274 | 39439500 |
| ENSE00003546381 | 39479798 | 39480009 |
| ENSE00003568504 | 39461883 | 39462037 |
| ENSE00003584786 | 39231182 | 39231243 |
| ENSE00003591734 | 39310831 | 39311000 |
| ENSE00003601779 | 39463612 | 39463686 |
| ENSE00003602769 | 39257936 | 39258028 |
| ENSE00003605315 | 39327218 | 39327353 |
| ENSE00003615518 | 39370030 | 39370186 |
| ENSE00003616751 | 39441003 | 39441125 |
| ENSE00003621022 | 39359141 | 39359264 |
| ENSE00003625153 | 39480920 | 39481030 |
| ENSE00003639143 | 39283409 | 39283515 |
| ENSE00003649450 | 39317214 | 39317407 |
| ENSE00003649898 | 39324646 | 39324734 |
| ENSE00003670995 | 39468615 | 39468732 |
| ENSE00003674352 | 39318453 | 39318615 |
| ENSE00003674754 | 39357375 | 39357893 |
| ENSE00003678072 | 39358697 | 39358873 |
| ENSE00003679603 | 39322608 | 39322715 |
| ENSE00003683045 | 39350785 | 39351018 |
| ENSE00003684463 | 39324193 | 39324345 |
| ENSE00003688828 | 39349478 | 39349627 |
| ENSE00003690465 | 39302924 | 39303078 |
| ENSE00003784046 | 39322910 | 39323008 |
| ENSE00003790687 | 39254298 | 39254375 |
| ENSE00003926642 | 39485538 | 39487138 |
Expression profiles
Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 303 present calls, max score 99.37.
FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 53.9487 / max 645.2489, expressed in 1820 samples.
FANTOM5 promoters (31 alternative TSS)
| Promoter ID | TPM avg | Samples expressed |
|---|---|---|
| 2269 | 20.4258 | 1772 |
| 2312 | 10.3162 | 1519 |
| 2290 | 6.1927 | 461 |
| 2311 | 3.9540 | 1365 |
| 2295 | 3.3227 | 590 |
| 2281 | 3.2726 | 1051 |
| 2275 | 2.9799 | 459 |
| 2280 | 2.8016 | 1034 |
| 2279 | 2.6197 | 855 |
| 2289 | 2.4391 | 423 |
Top tissues by expression
303 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):
| Tissue | Anatomy ID | Expression score | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|
| inferior olivary complex | UBERON:0002127 | 99.37 | gold quality |
| dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve | UBERON:0002870 | 99.36 | gold quality |
| right lung | UBERON:0002167 | 99.32 | gold quality |
| calcaneal tendon | UBERON:0003701 | 99.29 | gold quality |
| colonic epithelium | UBERON:0000397 | 99.25 | gold quality |
| corpus callosum | UBERON:0002336 | 99.18 | gold quality |
| middle temporal gyrus | UBERON:0002771 | 99.03 | gold quality |
| saphenous vein | UBERON:0007318 | 99.02 | gold quality |
| upper lobe of left lung | UBERON:0008952 | 98.99 | gold quality |
| ventricular zone | UBERON:0003053 | 98.95 | gold quality |
| upper lobe of lung | UBERON:0008948 | 98.93 | gold quality |
| right coronary artery | UBERON:0001625 | 98.89 | gold quality |
| lateral globus pallidus | UBERON:0002476 | 98.86 | gold quality |
| body of uterus | UBERON:0009853 | 98.84 | gold quality |
| skin of leg | UBERON:0001511 | 98.83 | gold quality |
| lung | UBERON:0002048 | 98.78 | gold quality |
| myometrium | UBERON:0001296 | 98.75 | gold quality |
| skin of abdomen | UBERON:0001416 | 98.74 | gold quality |
| cortical plate | UBERON:0005343 | 98.74 | gold quality |
| lower esophagus muscularis layer | UBERON:0035833 | 98.69 | gold quality |
| lower esophagus | UBERON:0013473 | 98.68 | gold quality |
| visceral pleura | UBERON:0002401 | 98.65 | gold quality |
| popliteal artery | UBERON:0002250 | 98.63 | gold quality |
| tibial artery | UBERON:0007610 | 98.63 | gold quality |
| muscle layer of sigmoid colon | UBERON:0035805 | 98.62 | gold quality |
| skin of hip | UBERON:0001554 | 98.61 | gold quality |
| artery | UBERON:0001637 | 98.61 | gold quality |
| left uterine tube | UBERON:0001303 | 98.60 | gold quality |
| endothelial cell | CL:0000115 | 98.59 | gold quality |
| aorta | UBERON:0000947 | 98.59 | gold quality |
Single-cell (SCXA)
Detected in 15 experiment(s), a significant marker in 10.
| Experiment | Marker? | Max mean expression |
|---|---|---|
| E-ANND-2 | yes | 4485.36 |
| E-HCAD-35 | yes | 3742.45 |
| E-CURD-126 | yes | 2233.54 |
| E-GEOD-135922 | yes | 33.13 |
| E-CURD-122 | yes | 24.03 |
| E-HCAD-25 | yes | 21.34 |
| E-CURD-112 | yes | 20.27 |
| E-GEOD-84465 | yes | 10.81 |
| E-GEOD-137537 | yes | 5.36 |
| E-GEOD-150728 | no | 2297.54 |
| E-HCAD-6 | no | 716.49 |
| E-CURD-55 | no | 577.08 |
| E-MTAB-7606 | no | 413.95 |
| E-CURD-97 | no | 279.24 |
| E-ANND-3 | no | 0.00 |
Regulation
Is transcription factor: no
Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 28)
- p230, through its interaction with MACF1, provides the molecular link for transport of GPI-anchored proteins along the microtubule and actin cytoskeleton from the TGN to the cell periphery. (PMID:15265687)
- In two lung cell lines, MACF1b was chiefly localized to the Golgi complex. The domain of MACF1b that targets it to the Golgi was found at the N-terminal part of the region that contains the plakin repeats. (PMID:16076900)
- This protein has been found differentially expressed in the Wernicke’s Area from patients with schizophrenia. (PMID:19405953)
- ACF7 targeting to the plasma membrane is both required and sufficient for microtubule capture downstream of ErbB2. (PMID:20937854)
- uncovered a role for ELMO in the recruitment of ACF7 to the membrane to promote microtubule capture and stability (PMID:23184944)
- Duplication in the microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1 gene causes neuromuscular diseases. (PMID:24899269)
- MACF1b may contribute to the genetic etiology and mechanistic causation of Parkinson’s disease. (PMID:27021023)
- ACF7, a member of the spectraplakin family of cytoskeletal crosslinking proteins, interacts with Nezha (also called CAMSAP3) at the minus ends of noncentrosomal microtubules and anchors them to actin filaments. (PMID:27693509)
- in mammalian intestinal epithelial cells, the spectraplakin ACF7 (also known as MACF1) specifically binds to CAMSAP3 and is required for the apical localization of CAMSAP3-decorated microtubule minus ends. (PMID:27802168)
- the present study represents the first investigation on the functional role of MACF1 in tumor cell biology, as well as demonstrates its potential as a unique biomarker that can be targeted synergistically with TMZ as part of a combinatorial therapeutic approach for the treatment of genetically multifarious glioblastomas (PMID:27959385)
- Loss of ACF7 leads to aberrant microtubule organization, tight junction stabilization and impaired wound closure in vitro. ACF7 level is also correlated with development and progression of ulcerative colitis (UC) in patients. (PMID:28541346)
- Study summarized the physiological role of MACF1 as well as its pathological one in various cancers. MACF1 comprises different isoforms, and is broadly expressed in brain, spinal cord, lung, kidney, heart, bone and skeletal muscles tissues. It plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, migration and cell signaling, and is also closely associated with many cancer. (PMID:28782898)
- MACF1 overexpression triggered a drastic increase in osteogenic gene expression, alkaline phosphatase activity, and matrix mineralization in vitro. Mouse calvarial thickness, mineral apposition rate, and osteogenic marker protein expression were significantly enhanced by local transfection. In addition, MACF1 overexpression promoted beta-catenin expression and signaling. (PMID:29334773)
- Three de novo variants in MACF1 have been observed in large schizophrenia cohorts. (PMID:30471716)
- In this study, uncontrolled Diabetes mellitus (DM) had a remote impact on different components of the platelet transcriptome. Increased expression of MACF1, together with supporting predicted mRNA-miRNA interactions as well as reduced expression of RNYs in platelets, may reflect subclinical platelet activation in uncontrolled DM. (PMID:30519591)
- Missense mutation in the MACF1 gene is associated with congenital myasthenia. (PMID:30842214)
- MACF1 might lose the control of the whole cytoskeleton system, synapse might change and Alzheimer’s disease might develop (PMID:31383338)
- Mesenchymal MACF1 Facilitates SMAD7 Nuclear Translocation to Drive Bone Formation. (PMID:32143362)
- New insights into the genetic basis of premature ovarian insufficiency: Novel causative variants and candidate genes revealed by genomic sequencing. (PMID:33036707)
- Lissencephaly with Brainstem Hypoplasia and Dysplasia: Think MACF1. (PMID:33511591)
- Expression and Clinical Significance of Microtubule-Actin Cross-Linking Factor 1 in Serous Ovarian Cancer. (PMID:33573562)
- Deubiquitylation and stabilization of Acf7 by ubiquitin carboxylterminal hydrolase 14 (USP14) is critical for NSCLC migration. (PMID:33737492)
- The role of MACF1 on acute myeloid leukemia cell proliferation is involved in Runx2-targeted PI3K/Akt signaling. (PMID:35857251)
- THADA, SDHAF4, and MACF1 Gene Polymorphisms and Placental Expression in Women with Gestational Diabetes. (PMID:36672824)
- Role of microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) in bipolar disorder pathophysiology and potential in lithium therapeutic mechanism. (PMID:37353479)
- CircMACF1 alleviates myocardial fibrosis after acute myocardial infarction by suppressing cardiac fibroblast activation via the miR-16-5p/SMAD7 axis. (PMID:37713818)
- LRRC1 knockdown downregulates MACF1 to inhibit the malignant progression of acute myeloid leukemia by inactivating beta-catenin/c-Myc signaling. (PMID:38165568)
- Exosomal circMACF1 drives PI3K/AKT/mTOR-mediated autophagy suppression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:38372097)
Cross-species orthologs
2 orthologs
| Organism | Symbol | Gene ID |
|---|---|---|
| mus_musculus | Macf1 | ENSMUSG00000028649 |
| rattus_norvegicus | Macf1 | ENSRNOG00000016047 |
Paralogs (36): SYNE2 (ENSG00000054654), SPTB (ENSG00000070182), ACTN1 (ENSG00000072110), ACTN2 (ENSG00000077522), DSP (ENSG00000096696), DRP2 (ENSG00000102385), SPTBN1 (ENSG00000115306), FLNC (ENSG00000128591), ACTN4 (ENSG00000130402), SYNE1 (ENSG00000131018), MICAL2 (ENSG00000133816), DTNA (ENSG00000134769), MICAL1 (ENSG00000135596), FLNB (ENSG00000136068), SPTBN5 (ENSG00000137877), DTNB (ENSG00000138101), GAS2L3 (ENSG00000139354), DST (ENSG00000151914), UTRN (ENSG00000152818), SPTBN4 (ENSG00000160460), SPTA1 (ENSG00000163554), CLMN (ENSG00000165959), PKHD1 (ENSG00000170927), SPTBN2 (ENSG00000173898), SYNE3 (ENSG00000176438), PLEC (ENSG00000178209), SMTNL2 (ENSG00000188176), FLNA (ENSG00000196924), SPTAN1 (ENSG00000197694), DMD (ENSG00000198947), PKHD1L1 (ENSG00000205038), DYTN (ENSG00000232125), MICAL3 (ENSG00000243156), ACTN3 (ENSG00000248746), EPPK1 (ENSG00000261150), GAS2L2 (ENSG00000270765)
Protein
Protein identifiers
Microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1, isoforms 6/7 — O94854 (reviewed: O94854, Q9UPN3)
Alternative names: Uncharacterized protein KIAA0754
All UniProt accessions (23): Q9UPN3, A0A0A6YYJ5, A0A590UJG2, A0A5F9ZGX0, A0A669KB06, A0A669KB76, A0A669KB84, A0A669KBB0, A0A7P0MQR8, A0A804HL78, A0A8I5KY71, B4DQX9, E9PLY0, E9PLY5, E9PNZ4, E9PS75, H0Y314, H0Y390, H0Y4F5, H0Y6T5, H0Y7I1, H3BPE1, H3BQK9
UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →
Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton.
Isoforms (7)
| UniProt ID | Names | Canonical? |
|---|---|---|
| O94854-3 | 6 | yes |
| O94854-4 | 7 | |
| Q9UPN3-1 | 1, Macf1b | |
| Q9UPN3-2 | 2, Macf1a | |
| Q9UPN3-3 | 3 | |
| Q9UPN3-4 | 5 | |
| Q9UPN3-5 | 4 |
RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001380991, NP_001384402, NP_036222 (=MANE)
Domains & families (InterPro)
| ID | Name | Type |
|---|---|---|
| IPR002017 | Spectrin_repeat | Repeat |
| IPR002048 | EF_hand_dom | Domain |
| IPR003108 | GAR_dom | Domain |
| IPR011992 | EF-hand-dom_pair | Homologous_superfamily |
| IPR018159 | Spectrin/alpha-actinin | Repeat |
| IPR018247 | EF_Hand_1_Ca_BS | Binding_site |
| IPR036534 | GAR_dom_sf | Homologous_superfamily |
| IPR037727 | MCAF1-like | Family |
| IPR001101 | Plectin_repeat | Repeat |
| IPR001452 | SH3_domain | Domain |
| IPR001589 | Actinin_actin-bd_CS | Conserved_site |
| IPR001715 | CH_dom | Domain |
| IPR035915 | Plakin_repeat_sf | Homologous_superfamily |
| IPR036872 | CH_dom_sf | Homologous_superfamily |
| IPR041573 | Desmoplakin_Spectrin-like | Domain |
| IPR041615 | Desmoplakin_SH3 | Domain |
| IPR043197 | Plakin | Family |
| IPR049538 | PCN-like_spectrin-like_rpt | Repeat |
Pfam: PF00307, PF00435, PF00681, PF02187, PF13499, PF17902, PF18373, PF21019, PF21020, PF21097
UniProt features (243 total): repeat 65, modified residue 29, helix 25, compositionally biased region 21, region of interest 20, binding site 20, sequence variant 17, sequence conflict 12, strand 11, domain 9, splice variant 8, turn 4, chain 2
Structure
Experimental structures (PDB)
3 structures.
| PDB | Method | Resolution (Å) |
|---|---|---|
| 5X57 | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 1.45 |
| 4Z6G | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.65 |
| 5VE9 | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.79 |
Predicted structure (AlphaFold)
No AlphaFold model available for O94854 — AlphaFold DB does not currently provide models for proteins above ~3000 aa.
No AlphaFold model available for Q9UPN3 — AlphaFold DB does not currently provide models for proteins above ~3000 aa.
Functional residue map
Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.
O94854 (canonical)
Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (10): 3181; 3183; 3185; 3187; 3192; 3217; 3219; 3221; 3223; 3228
Q9UPN3
Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (10): 7054; 7056; 7058; 7060; 7065; 7090; 7092; 7094; 7096; 7101
Post-translational modifications (29): 2077, 3122, 3331, 3927, 4495, 4496, 4521, 4836, 4962, 5435, 5808, 6032, 6210, 6967, 7254, 7279, 7292, 7330, 7333, 4 …
Function
Pathways and Gene Ontology
Reactome pathways
0 pathways
MSigDB gene sets: 445 (showing top):
FXR_IR1_Q6, GCM_MAP4K4, GOBP_INTERMEDIATE_FILAMENT_BASED_PROCESS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_MORPHOGENESIS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_MICROTUBULE_BASED_PROCESS, GOBP_NEURON_PROJECTION_EXTENSION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_DEVELOPMENTAL_GROWTH, GOZGIT_ESR1_TARGETS_DN, GOBP_FOCAL_ADHESION_ASSEMBLY, GEORGES_CELL_CYCLE_MIR192_TARGETS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_EPITHELIAL_CELL_MIGRATION, GOBP_GROWTH, MITSIADES_RESPONSE_TO_APLIDIN_DN, GOBP_NEUROGENESIS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_JUNCTION_ASSEMBLY
GO Biological Process (15): regulation of epithelial cell migration (GO:0010632), Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0016055), positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0030177), regulation of cell migration (GO:0030334), regulation of microtubule-based process (GO:0032886), wound healing (GO:0042060), Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport (GO:0043001), intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization (GO:0045104), positive regulation of axon extension (GO:0045773), regulation of focal adhesion assembly (GO:0051893), regulation of neuron projection arborization (GO:0150011), regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis (GO:0022603), regulation of cell projection organization (GO:0031344), regulation of multicellular organismal process (GO:0051239), establishment of protein localization to membrane (GO:0090150)
GO Molecular Function (10): calcium ion binding (GO:0005509), microtubule binding (GO:0008017), RNA binding (GO:0003723), actin binding (GO:0003779), structural molecule activity (GO:0005198), cadherin binding (GO:0045296), microtubule minus-end binding (GO:0051011), actin filament binding (GO:0051015), protein binding (GO:0005515), metal ion binding (GO:0046872)
GO Cellular Component (14): cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), microtubule (GO:0005874), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), actin cytoskeleton (GO:0015629), membrane (GO:0016020), ruffle membrane (GO:0032587), intermediate filament (GO:0005882), cell junction (GO:0030054), cell leading edge (GO:0031252), ciliary basal body (GO:0036064), cell projection (GO:0042995), organelle (GO:0043226)
GO top-level categories
Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:
| Category | Terms |
|---|---|
| cellular anatomical structure | 6 |
| polymeric cytoskeletal fiber | 2 |
| epithelial cell migration | 1 |
| regulation of cell migration | 1 |
| regulation of multicellular organismal process | 1 |
| cell surface receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| positive regulation of signal transduction | 1 |
| Wnt signaling pathway | 1 |
| regulation of Wnt signaling pathway | 1 |
| cell migration | 1 |
| regulation of cell motility | 1 |
| microtubule-based process | 1 |
| regulation of cellular process | 1 |
| response to wounding | 1 |
| tissue regeneration | 1 |
| Golgi to plasma membrane transport | 1 |
| protein transport | 1 |
| establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane | 1 |
| protein localization to plasma membrane | 1 |
| cytoskeleton organization | 1 |
| intermediate filament-based process | 1 |
| positive regulation of cell growth | 1 |
| regulation of axon extension | 1 |
| positive regulation of developmental growth | 1 |
| axon extension | 1 |
| positive regulation of axonogenesis | 1 |
| regulation of cell-matrix adhesion | 1 |
| focal adhesion assembly | 1 |
| regulation of cell-substrate junction assembly | 1 |
| regulation of cell morphogenesis | 1 |
| regulation of cell projection organization | 1 |
| neuron projection arborization | 1 |
| anatomical structure morphogenesis | 1 |
| regulation of developmental process | 1 |
| cell projection organization | 1 |
| regulation of cellular component organization | 1 |
| multicellular organismal process | 1 |
| regulation of biological process | 1 |
| establishment of protein localization | 1 |
| localization within membrane | 1 |
Protein interactions and networks
STRING
0 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):
IntAct
31 interactions, top by confidence:
| A | B | Type | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| CFTR | ESYT2 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.710 |
| YWHAZ | BLTP3B | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.530 |
| NRAS | ESYT2 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.480 |
| MACF1 | RPL14 | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.400 |
| CEP170P1 | PCYT1A | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| Immt | GOSR1 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| APOA1 | CNMD | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| TNFRSF10A | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 | |
| HCN1 | POTEF | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| CLASP1 | KIF2A | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| CSNK2A1 | RPS3A | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| MAPRE1 | SCAMP1 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| RBM14 | TBKBP1 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| SNRPB | DDX39A | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| SNRPC | DDX39A | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| YWHAB | BRAF | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| YWHAE | DEPDC5 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| KRAS | ESYT2 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| HRAS | ESYT2 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| AGGF1 | BLTP3B | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| BUD13 | RPSA2 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| DGCR8 | VWA8 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| RBM15 | ILVBL | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| RPS11 | ESYT2 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| RPS3 | ESYT2 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| SF3B4 | MED19 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| UTP3 | NACA | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| ZRANB2 | SBNO1 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| EIF3G | SBNO1 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
BioGRID (44): KIAA0754 (Affinity Capture-RNA), KIAA0754 (Affinity Capture-RNA), KIAA0754 (Affinity Capture-RNA), KIAA0754 (Affinity Capture-MS), KIAA0754 (Affinity Capture-MS), KIAA0754 (Affinity Capture-RNA), KIAA0754 (Proximity Label-MS), KIAA0754 (Proximity Label-MS), KIAA0754 (Affinity Capture-MS), RPL14 (Proximity Label-MS), KIAA0754 (Proximity Label-MS), KIAA0754 (Affinity Capture-MS), KIAA0754 (Proximity Label-MS), KIAA0754 (Proximity Label-MS), KIAA0754 (Proximity Label-MS)
ESM2 similar proteins: A0A1B0GUW6, A1EGX6, A4FU49, A6NJ88, A6QP92, E9PAV3, E9Q0C6, F1QU13, O94854, P18583, P24587, P27546, P27816, P36225, P43597, P70670, Q08DY0, Q2T9N0, Q32L62, Q4R729, Q4V7A4, Q5H9T9, Q5M7W5, Q5SWP3, Q5XHX6, Q5XPK0, Q659K0, Q68DN1, Q68FX6, Q69ZZ9, Q6AZ54, Q6P6B1, Q6ZRG5, Q70KF4, Q710D7, Q810T2, Q8K4E0, Q8N3K9, Q8TCU4, Q8WWL7
Diamond homologs: A0A1L8H8C0, A0A1L8HFX9, D3ZHV2, D3ZUE1, O43903, O94854, P11862, Q03001, Q3UWW6, Q5SSG4, Q69ZZ9, Q86XJ1, Q8JZP9, Q8NHY3, Q91ZU6, Q99501, Q9QXZ0, Q9UPN3, Q9W3Y4, A0A8M2BID5, A5D7D1, D3ZEN0, D3ZHA0, D3ZQL6, E9Q557, F1LMV6, F1QH17, G3MWR8, G3V7L1, L7UZ85, M9MRD1, O13728, O15020, O43707, O75369, O76329, O88990, O97592, P05094, P05095
SIGNOR signaling
0 interactions.
Enriched among interaction partners
Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 48 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.
Reactome pathways:
| Pathway | Partners | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| RAF activation | 5 | 45.4× | 3e-06 |
| Signaling by high-kinase activity BRAF mutants | 5 | 42.9× | 4e-06 |
| MAP2K and MAPK activation | 5 | 38.6× | 6e-06 |
| Signaling by RAF1 mutants | 5 | 37.6× | 6e-06 |
| Negative regulation of MAPK pathway | 5 | 35.9× | 6e-06 |
| Signaling by moderate kinase activity BRAF mutants | 5 | 34.3× | 6e-06 |
| Paradoxical activation of RAF signaling by kinase inactive BRAF | 5 | 34.3× | 6e-06 |
| Signaling downstream of RAS mutants | 5 | 34.3× | 6e-06 |
GO biological processes:
| GO term | Partners | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| cytoplasmic translation | 5 | 21.0× | 1e-03 |
| MAPK cascade | 5 | 17.4× | 1e-03 |
| mRNA splicing, via spliceosome | 6 | 12.5× | 1e-03 |
Disease & clinical
Clinical variants and AI predictions
ClinVar
1957 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):
| Classification | Count (floor) |
|---|---|
| Pathogenic | 4 |
| Likely pathogenic | 12 |
| Uncertain significance | 890 |
| Likely benign | 603 |
| Benign | 200 |
Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (16)
| Variant ID | HGVS | Classification |
|---|---|---|
| 1068756 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.21878A>T (p.Asp7293Val) | Pathogenic |
| 1685933 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.12265C>T (p.Gln4089Ter) | Pathogenic |
| 3767317 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.8892del (p.Gln2964fs) | Pathogenic |
| 586948 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.21707G>T (p.Cys7236Phe) | Pathogenic |
| 1676542 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.1957C>T (p.Leu653Phe) | Likely pathogenic |
| 1694447 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.21717G>T (p.Arg7239Ser) | Likely pathogenic |
| 1699453 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.21803G>A (p.Arg7268His) | Likely pathogenic |
| 2431958 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.7129dup (p.Arg2377fs) | Likely pathogenic |
| 2441775 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.21820G>A (p.Val7274Met) | Likely pathogenic |
| 2499569 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.21752G>C (p.Arg7251Pro) | Likely pathogenic |
| 3024134 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.21679-2A>G | Likely pathogenic |
| 3065758 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.16804-2A>G | Likely pathogenic |
| 3898866 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.21443T>C (p.Met7148Thr) | Likely pathogenic |
| 4291812 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.16149+1G>T | Likely pathogenic |
| 4813443 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.20288T>G (p.Phe6763Cys) | Likely pathogenic |
| 599523 | NM_001394062.1(MACF1):c.22433G>A (p.Arg7478His) | Likely pathogenic |
SpliceAI
14189 predictions. Top by Δscore:
| Variant | Effect | Δscore |
|---|---|---|
| 1:39084435:GCTG:G | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39084439:G:GG | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39231176:TTACA:T | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39231179:CA:C | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39231180:A:AG | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39231180:A:G | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39231181:G:GA | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39231181:GAT:G | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39231242:AGG:A | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39231244:GTA:G | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39231245:T:A | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39250006:A:AG | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39250007:T:G | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39250100:ACTGG:A | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39250102:TGG:T | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39250104:G:GC | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39250104:G:GG | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39250105:TGAG:T | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39250106:GAGCT:G | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39251939:GTA:G | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39254289:T:A | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39254293:T:TA | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39254293:TGCA:T | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39254295:CAG:C | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 1:39254296:A:AG | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39254297:G:GG | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39254297:GC:G | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39254297:GCC:G | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39254297:GCCC:G | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 1:39254297:GCCCC:G | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
AlphaMissense
49882 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:
| Variant | Protein change | am_pathogenicity |
|---|---|---|
| 1:39231201:G:C | Q80H | 1.000 |
| 1:39231201:G:T | Q80H | 1.000 |
| 1:39231204:G:C | K81N | 1.000 |
| 1:39231204:G:T | K81N | 1.000 |
| 1:39231211:T:C | F84L | 1.000 |
| 1:39231212:T:C | F84S | 1.000 |
| 1:39231212:T:G | F84C | 1.000 |
| 1:39231213:C:A | F84L | 1.000 |
| 1:39231213:C:G | F84L | 1.000 |
| 1:39231220:T:A | W87R | 1.000 |
| 1:39231220:T:C | W87R | 1.000 |
| 1:39231222:G:C | W87C | 1.000 |
| 1:39231222:G:T | W87C | 1.000 |
| 1:39231224:T:A | V88D | 1.000 |
| 1:39250048:T:A | L106Q | 1.000 |
| 1:39250048:T:C | L106P | 1.000 |
| 1:39250051:G:C | R107P | 1.000 |
| 1:39250056:G:C | G109R | 1.000 |
| 1:39250056:G:T | G109C | 1.000 |
| 1:39250057:G:A | G109D | 1.000 |
| 1:39250057:G:T | G109V | 1.000 |
| 1:39250066:T:A | L112Q | 1.000 |
| 1:39250066:T:C | L112P | 1.000 |
| 1:39250075:T:C | L115P | 1.000 |
| 1:39250078:T:C | L116S | 1.000 |
| 1:39250078:T:G | L116W | 1.000 |
| 1:39250087:T:C | L119P | 1.000 |
| 1:39254322:T:C | F133L | 1.000 |
| 1:39254323:T:C | F133S | 1.000 |
| 1:39254324:T:A | F133L | 1.000 |
dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000004922 (1:39106878 G>C), RS1000008491 (1:39125029 C>T), RS1000028640 (1:39223629 C>T), RS1000028671 (1:39294129 C>A,T), RS1000029686 (1:39270424 A>G,T), RS1000045158 (1:39474643 G>A,C), RS1000046028 (1:39426844 T>G), RS1000059838 (1:39293901 T>G), RS1000061938 (1:39261264 CT>C), RS1000065095 (1:39115041 A>T), RS1000074861 (1:39259783 C>T), RS1000077717 (1:39170995 T>C), RS1000086648 (1:39263402 T>G), RS1000087748 (1:39216074 T>A), RS1000092915 (1:39119675 G>A)
Disease associations
OMIM: gene MIM:608271 | disease phenotypes: MIM:618325, MIM:100200, MIM:607432, MIM:213000
GenCC curated gene-disease
| Disease | Classification | Inheritance |
|---|---|---|
| lissencephaly 9 with complex brainstem malformation | Strong | Autosomal dominant |
| autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss | Limited | Autosomal dominant |
ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity (1)
Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.
| Disease | Classification | Inheritance |
|---|---|---|
| lissencephaly spectrum disorder with complex brainstem malformation | Moderate | AD |
Mondo (11): lissencephaly 9 with complex brainstem malformation (MONDO:0032677), skeletal dysplasia (MONDO:0018230), prostate cancer (MONDO:0008315), cleft palate (MONDO:0016064), abducens nerve palsy (MONDO:0007033), epilepsy (MONDO:0005027), intellectual disability (MONDO:0001071), lissencephaly spectrum disorders (MONDO:0018838), isolated cerebellar hypoplasia/agenesis (MONDO:0008939), isolated unilateral hemispheric cerebellar hypoplasia (MONDO:0017112), autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss (MONDO:0019587)
Orphanet (9): Posterior-predominant lissencephaly-broad flat pons and medulla-midline crossing defects syndrome (Orphanet:572013), Primary bone dysplasia (Orphanet:364526), Familial prostate cancer (Orphanet:1331), Cleft palate (Orphanet:2014), Lissencephaly (Orphanet:48471), Isolated cerebellar agenesis (Orphanet:1398), Cerebellar hypoplasia-tapetoretinal degeneration syndrome (Orphanet:2246), Isolated unilateral hemispheric cerebellar hypoplasia (Orphanet:269218), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Unexplained intellectual disability (Orphanet:319658)
HPO phenotypes
49 total (30 of 49 shown, HPO-id order):
| HPO | Term |
|---|---|
| HP:0000006 | Autosomal dominant inheritance |
| HP:0000011 | Neurogenic bladder |
| HP:0000252 | Microcephaly |
| HP:0000286 | Epicanthus |
| HP:0000316 | Hypertelorism |
| HP:0000324 | Facial asymmetry |
| HP:0000369 | Low-set ears |
| HP:0000486 | Strabismus |
| HP:0000609 | Optic nerve hypoplasia |
| HP:0000733 | Motor stereotypy |
| HP:0001250 | Seizure |
| HP:0001252 | Hypotonia |
| HP:0001257 | Spasticity |
| HP:0001263 | Global developmental delay |
| HP:0001302 | Pachygyria |
| HP:0001320 | Cerebellar vermis hypoplasia |
| HP:0001339 | Lissencephaly |
| HP:0001344 | Absent speech |
| HP:0001629 | Ventricular septal defect |
| HP:0002015 | Dysphagia |
| HP:0002069 | Bilateral tonic-clonic seizure |
| HP:0002079 | Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum |
| HP:0002365 | Hypoplasia of the brainstem |
| HP:0002384 | Focal impaired awareness seizure |
| HP:0002827 | Hip dislocation |
| HP:0003593 | Infantile onset |
| HP:0003621 | Juvenile onset |
| HP:0004305 | Involuntary movements |
| HP:0004322 | Short stature |
| HP:0005280 | Depressed nasal bridge |
GWAS associations
39 associations (top):
| Study | Trait | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| GCST000755_20 | HDL cholesterol | 4.000000e-10 |
| GCST002899_32 | HDL cholesterol | 8.000000e-10 |
| GCST003420_1 | Colorectal cancer | 3.000000e-07 |
| GCST003475_2 | Beard thickness | 8.000000e-06 |
| GCST003619_8 | Type 2 diabetes | 2.000000e-09 |
| GCST003773_11 | Loneliness (multivariate analysis) | 5.000000e-06 |
| GCST004482_47 | Peripheral arterial disease (traffic-related air pollution interaction) | 1.000000e-06 |
| GCST004482_78 | Peripheral arterial disease (traffic-related air pollution interaction) | 1.000000e-06 |
| GCST004605_54 | Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration | 2.000000e-10 |
| GCST004894_33 | Type 2 diabetes | 6.000000e-07 |
| GCST004894_90 | Type 2 diabetes | 3.000000e-06 |
| GCST005162_3 | Glucagon levels in response to oral glucose tolerance test (fasting) | 2.000000e-06 |
| GCST005337_28 | Headache | 4.000000e-08 |
| GCST005413_12 | Type 2 diabetes | 9.000000e-09 |
| GCST006867_1 | Type 2 diabetes | 8.000000e-14 |
| GCST006979_873 | Heel bone mineral density | 2.000000e-11 |
| GCST007515_17 | Type 2 diabetes | 7.000000e-16 |
| GCST007516_20 | Type 2 diabetes (adjusted for BMI) | 7.000000e-09 |
| GCST007517_1 | Type 2 diabetes | 9.000000e-11 |
| GCST007518_3 | Type 2 diabetes (adjusted for BMI) | 9.000000e-09 |
| GCST007611_13 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or high blood pressure (pleiotropy) | 7.000000e-09 |
| GCST007656_12 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or resting heart rate (pleiotropy) | 3.000000e-11 |
| GCST008129_3 | Body mass index | 4.000000e-11 |
| GCST009379_26 | Type 2 diabetes | 3.000000e-26 |
| GCST009462_17 | Optic disc size | 1.000000e-08 |
| GCST010118_2 | Type 2 diabetes | 3.000000e-11 |
| GCST010173_83 | Triglyceride levels | 4.000000e-13 |
| GCST010321_97 | PR interval | 4.000000e-14 |
| GCST010696_14 | Cortical thickness (min-P) | 9.000000e-12 |
| GCST010697_24 | Cortical surface area (min-P) | 2.000000e-08 |
EFO canonical traits (14, from GWAS)
| EFO ID | Trait name |
|---|---|
| EFO:0004612 | high density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement |
| EFO:0007865 | loneliness measurement |
| EFO:0007908 | traffic air pollution measurement |
| EFO:0004528 | mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration |
| EFO:0004307 | glucose tolerance test |
| EFO:0008463 | glucagon measurement |
| EFO:0009270 | heel bone mineral density |
| EFO:0004340 | body mass index |
| EFO:0004530 | triglyceride measurement |
| EFO:0004462 | PR interval |
| EFO:0004346 | neuroimaging measurement |
| EFO:0004840 | cortical thickness |
| EFO:0006935 | thalamus volume |
| EFO:0007984 | platelet component distribution width |
MeSH disease descriptors (6)
| Descriptor | Name | Tree numbers |
|---|---|---|
| D002972 | Cleft Palate | C05.500.460.185; C05.660.207.540.460.185; C07.320.440.185; C07.465.525.185; C07.650.500.460.185; C07.650.525.185; C16.131.621.207.540.460.185; C16.131.850.500.460.185; C16.131.850.525.185 |
| D004827 | Epilepsy | C10.228.140.490 |
| D008607 | Intellectual Disability | C10.597.606.360; C23.888.592.604.646; F01.700.687; F03.625.539 |
| D054082 | Lissencephaly | C10.500.507.450.499; C16.131.666.507.450.499 |
| D011471 | Prostatic Neoplasms | C04.588.945.440.770; C12.100.500.260.750; C12.100.500.565.625; C12.200.294.260.750; C12.200.294.565.625; C12.200.758.409.750; C12.900.619.750 |
| C562568 | Cerebellar Hypoplasia (supp.) |
Drugs & pharmacology
Drug and pharmacology data
Is drug target: no
PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)
CTD chemical–gene interactions
83 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.
| Chemical | Actions (top 5) | PubMed papers |
|---|---|---|
| methylmercuric chloride | decreases expression, increases expression | 4 |
| Estradiol | affects expression, increases expression, increases reaction | 3 |
| Valproic Acid | affects expression, decreases expression, decreases methylation | 3 |
| Aflatoxin B1 | decreases methylation, affects expression | 3 |
| bisphenol A | decreases expression, affects cotreatment, affects methylation, decreases methylation | 2 |
| trichostatin A | affects cotreatment, decreases expression | 2 |
| methacrylaldehyde | affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases oxidation, increases abundance | 2 |
| bisphenol S | affects methylation, affects cotreatment, increases methylation, decreases expression | 2 |
| Acrolein | affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases oxidation, increases abundance | 2 |
| Benzo(a)pyrene | increases methylation, affects methylation, decreases expression, decreases methylation | 2 |
| Cisplatin | affects cotreatment, increases expression, affects response to substance | 2 |
| Ozone | affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases oxidation, increases abundance | 2 |
| Tretinoin | affects expression, increases expression | 2 |
| FR900359 | affects phosphorylation, increases phosphorylation | 1 |
| dicrotophos | increases expression | 1 |
| testosterone enanthate | affects expression | 1 |
| triphenyl phosphate | affects expression | 1 |
| alpha-pinene | affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases oxidation, increases abundance | 1 |
| lead acetate | affects cotreatment, increases expression | 1 |
| titanium dioxide | decreases methylation | 1 |
| pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl ether | affects cotreatment, decreases expression, affects localization, increases expression | 1 |
| decabromobiphenyl ether | increases expression | 1 |
| arsenite | affects binding, decreases reaction | 1 |
| tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate | increases expression | 1 |
| zinc protoporphyrin | affects cotreatment, increases expression | 1 |
| sodium arsenite | increases stability | 1 |
| potassium chromate(VI) | affects cotreatment, decreases expression | 1 |
| aflatoxin B2 | increases methylation | 1 |
| coumarin | affects phosphorylation | 1 |
| epigallocatechin gallate | increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression | 1 |
Clinical trials (associated diseases)
300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.
| Trial | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00029224 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Treatment With Zoledronic Acid in Patients With Breast Cancer, Multiple Myeloma, and Prostate Cancer With Cancer Related Bone Lesions |
| NCT00035997 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Open-label Trial on the Effect of I.V. Zoledronic Acid 4 mg on Bone Density in Hormone Sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients With Bone Metastasis |
| NCT00063609 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | The Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Bone Loss in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy |
| NCT00103623 | PHASE4 | SUSPENDED | The Plenaxis® Experience Study |
| NCT00106392 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | A Safety and Efficacy Study of Prograf in the Prevention of Erectile Dysfunction After Radical Prostatectomy |
| NCT00185029 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | MR-Lymphography and Lymph Node Staging in Prostate Cancer |
| NCT00199485 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Angelica Sinensis for the Treatment of Hot Flashes in Men Undergoing LHRH Therapy for Prostate Cancer |
| NCT00219219 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Zoledronic Acid in the Prevention of Skeletal-related Events in Hormone Refractory and Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients With Bone Metastases |
| NCT00219271 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effect Of Zoledronic Acid On Circulating And Bone Marrow-Residing Prostate Cancer Cells In Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer |
| NCT00237146 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Study to Evaluate Zoledronic Acid on Quality of Life and Skeletal-related Events as Adjuvant Treatment in Patients With Hormone-naïve Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastasis Who Have Undergone Orchiectomy |
| NCT00242554 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Open-label Phase IV Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of Zoledronic Acid in Patients With Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases |
| NCT00280098 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Docetaxel in the Treatment of Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer |
| NCT00293696 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Casodex/Zoladex Biomarkers in Localised Prostate Cancer |
| NCT00334139 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Bone Metabolism in Patients With Bone Metastasis and Prostate or Breast Cancer |
| NCT00375765 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effects On Dihydrotestosterone Regulated Gene Expression In Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Or Prostate Cancer |
| NCT00391690 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Evaluation of Bone Markers as Diagnostic Tools for Early Detection of Bone Metastases in Patients With High Risk Prostate Cancer |
| NCT00422708 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Local Anesthesia for Prostate Biopsy |
| NCT00526331 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Evaluation of Arterial Pressure Based Cardiac Output for Goal-Directed Perioperative Therapy |
| NCT00590213 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Compare the Value of Prophylactic Versus Therapeutic Breast Radiotherapy in CASODEX |
| NCT00629330 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | Dissemination of Prostate Cancer Screening to PCP’s in African American Communities |
| NCT00771966 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Radical Prostatectomy and Perioperative Fluid Therapy |
| NCT00805701 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Study Assessing The Efficacy And Safety Of Avodart (Dutasteride) At Improving Urinary Symptoms In Men With Prostate Cancer Who Are Undergoing Seed Implantation |
| NCT00859027 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effect Of Risedronate On Bone Mass In Older Men Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy For Prostate Cancer |
| NCT00906269 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Can Hyperbaric Oxygen Improve Erectile Function Following Surgery for Prostate Cancer |
| NCT00953277 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Study of Nerve Reconstruction Using AVANCE in Subjects Who Undergo Robotic Assisted Prostatectomy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer |
| NCT00982800 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Does Postoperative Gabapentin Reduce Pain, Opioid Consumption and Anxiety and Have a Positive Effect on Health Related Quality of Life After Radical Prostatectomy? |
| NCT01083199 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Global Performance Evaluation of the AMS CONTINUUM™ Device |
| NCT01136226 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Evaluate Recovery of Testosterone for Patients Using Eligard |
| NCT01161563 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Randomized Crossover Trial to Assess the Tolerability of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Analogue Administration |
| NCT01230905 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Study to Monitor the Effects of Androgen Suppression Treatment on the Heart |
| NCT01296672 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | 3 Month Finasteride Challenge Test Can Significantly Improve the Performance of Screening for Prostate Cancer |
| NCT01365143 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Robotic Versus Open Radical Prostatectomy |
| NCT01379742 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Comparison of Between ThinSeed™ and OncoSeed™ for Permanent Prostate Brachytherapy |
| NCT01486563 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Hydroxyethyl Starch and Renal Function After Radical Prostatectomy |
| NCT01511874 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Efficacy and Safety Study of ELIGARD 22.5mg With Prostate Cancer |
| NCT01512472 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | Firmagon (Degarelix) Intermittent Therapy |
| NCT01547416 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | The Effect of Combined General/Epidural Anesthesia Versus General Anesthesia on Diaphragmatic Function |
| NCT01571544 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | The Use of Thermal Suits as Preventing Hypothermia During Surgery |
| NCT01581749 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Evaluation of Truebeam for Low-Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer |
| NCT01649635 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Study of Cabazitaxel Combined With Prednisone and Prophylaxis of Neutropenia Complications in the Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer |
Related Atlas pages
- Associated diseases: autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss, lissencephaly 9 with complex brainstem malformation
- Disease cohort memberships (association, not causation — diseases whose associated-gene cohort lists this gene; a subset are also under Associated diseases): abducens nerve palsy, autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cleft palate, epilepsy, isolated cerebellar hypoplasia/agenesis, isolated unilateral hemispheric cerebellar hypoplasia, lissencephaly 9 with complex brainstem malformation, lissencephaly spectrum disorders, peripheral arterial disease, skeletal dysplasia