MAOA

Summary

MAOA (monoamine oxidase A, HGNC:6833) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome Xp11.3, encoding Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A (P21397). Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of primary and some secondary amine such as neurotransmitters, with concomitant reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and perip…. It is haploinsufficient (ClinGen: sufficient evidence).

This gene is one of two neighboring gene family members that encode mitochondrial enzymes which catalyze the oxidative deamination of amines, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Mutation of this gene results in Brunner syndrome. This gene has also been associated with a variety of other psychiatric disorders, including antisocial behavior. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed.

Source: NCBI Gene 4128 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): Brunner syndrome (Definitive, ClinGen)
• GWAS associations: 1
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 334 total — 11 pathogenic, 10 likely-pathogenic
• Phenotypes (HPO): 14
• Druggable target: yes — 130 molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity
• Dosage sensitivity (ClinGen): haploinsufficiency sufficient evidence, triplosensitivity no evidence
• MANE Select transcript: NM_000240

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:6833
Approved symbol	MAOA
Name	monoamine oxidase A
Location	Xp11.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000189221
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	309850
Entrez	4128

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 15 — 11 protein_coding, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 retained_intron

ENST00000338702, ENST00000490604, ENST00000497485, ENST00000542639, ENST00000686683, ENST00000686980, ENST00000688006, ENST00000688859, ENST00000689087, ENST00000693128, ENST00000873971, ENST00000873972, ENST00000967109, ENST00000967110, ENST00000967111

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_000240 NM_000240, NM_001270458

CCDS: CCDS14260, CCDS59163

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000338702 — 15 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001369566	43740681	43740738
ENSE00001373498	43736227	43736280
ENSE00001377890	43732699	43732795
ENSE00001382812	43731694	43731853
ENSE00001383783	43731241	43731390
ENSE00001389556	43744367	43746817
ENSE00001415055	43656299	43656414
ENSE00001614970	43743794	43743905
ENSE00001677475	43741950	43742047
ENSE00003487993	43711872	43711976
ENSE00003495252	43712705	43712796
ENSE00003501661	43683513	43683607
ENSE00003526715	43728173	43728314
ENSE00003583432	43744109	43744171
ENSE00003691177	43693291	43693428

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 285 present calls, max score 99.43.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 28.8661 / max 3828.9847, expressed in 1123 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (8 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
196058	28.2360	1074
196057	0.3619	159
196056	0.1051	36
196055	0.0657	16
196067	0.0430	12
196068	0.0214	8
196066	0.0207	13
196059	0.0122	1

Top tissues by expression

295 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
ileal mucosa	UBERON:0000331	99.43	gold quality
colonic mucosa	UBERON:0000317	98.86	gold quality
mucosa of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0004993	98.85	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	98.60	gold quality
jejunal mucosa	UBERON:0000399	98.46	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	98.37	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	98.35	gold quality
parotid gland	UBERON:0001831	98.32	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	98.28	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	97.97	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	97.95	gold quality
lower lobe of lung	UBERON:0008949	97.83	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	97.69	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	97.57	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	97.55	gold quality
adipose tissue	UBERON:0001013	97.54	gold quality
small intestine	UBERON:0002108	97.54	gold quality
cardiac muscle of right atrium	UBERON:0003379	97.32	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	97.19	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	97.12	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	97.12	gold quality
upper lobe of lung	UBERON:0008948	97.12	gold quality
intestine	UBERON:0000160	97.09	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	97.05	gold quality
large intestine	UBERON:0000059	97.04	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	97.04	gold quality
colon	UBERON:0001155	96.97	gold quality
nephron tubule	UBERON:0001231	96.95	gold quality
synovial joint	UBERON:0002217	96.92	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	96.74	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 7 experiment(s), a significant marker in 7.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-125970	yes	631.07
E-MTAB-10287	yes	30.71
E-MTAB-6701	yes	16.77
E-MTAB-6678	yes	9.29
E-GEOD-130148	yes	8.71
E-HCAD-10	yes	4.67
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AR, BMAL1, EGR1, FOXC1, FOXO1, JUN, KLF11, NHLH2, NPAS2, NR3C1, PAX3, SP1, SRY

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

86 targeting MAOA, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4682	100.00	68.89	1258
HSA-MIR-33A-5P	99.99	68.62	1055
HSA-MIR-33B-5P	99.99	68.58	1062
HSA-MIR-302C-5P	99.97	72.56	3642
HSA-MIR-5688	99.96	73.23	4504
HSA-MIR-495-3P	99.96	72.81	4197
HSA-MIR-551B-5P	99.96	71.28	3493
HSA-MIR-590-3P	99.96	74.34	6478
HSA-MIR-335-3P	99.93	73.36	4958
HSA-MIR-205-3P	99.92	69.92	3165
HSA-MIR-3919	99.87	69.45	2489
HSA-MIR-5582-3P	99.86	72.48	4221
HSA-MIR-1323	99.83	69.89	2471
HSA-MIR-6842-5P	99.80	67.54	1587
HSA-MIR-7110-5P	99.80	67.84	1712
HSA-MIR-200A-5P	99.76	69.10	949
HSA-MIR-200B-5P	99.76	69.05	948
HSA-MIR-3680-3P	99.75	72.51	3095
HSA-MIR-548O-3P	99.74	69.30	2228
HSA-MIR-132-3P	99.73	70.56	1424
HSA-MIR-212-3P	99.73	70.65	1424
HSA-MIR-1200	99.71	70.42	1838
HSA-MIR-3059-5P	99.70	69.93	2491
HSA-MIR-1251-3P	99.64	67.21	1408
HSA-MIR-4310	99.59	68.84	2527
HSA-MIR-6752-5P	99.59	67.32	1243
HSA-MIR-3136-3P	99.57	66.59	781
HSA-MIR-7155-3P	99.57	66.48	794
HSA-MIR-105-5P	99.54	69.24	2060
HSA-MIR-7853-5P	99.54	69.30	2055

Functional genomics

ClinGen dosage: haploinsufficiency 3 (sufficient evidence), triplosensitivity 0 (no evidence). ClinGen Gene Dosage Map

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Substrates but not inhibitors alter the redox potentials of monoamine oxidases. (PMID:11761322)
• Evidence for positive selection and population structure at the human MAO-A gene. (PMID:11805333)
• Analysis of conserved active site residues in monoamine oxidase A and B and their three-dimensional molecular modeling (PMID:11861643)
• study did not support the involvement of 5-HTTLPR, TPH, MAO-A, or DRD4 polymorphisms in mood disorders (PMID:11992558)
• possible association between the prophylactic efficacy of lithium in mood disorders and the following gene variants: catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) G158A, monoamine oxydase A (MAO-A) 30-bp repeat, G-protein beta 3-subunit (Gbeta3) C825T (PMID:11992559)
• possible influence of monoamine oxydase A (MAO-A), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), serotonin receptor 2A (5-HT2A), dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), and dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene variants on timing of recurrence in mood disorders (PMID:11992560)
• No association exists between genetic variation at the MAOA locus and alcoholism in Chinese Han males in Taiwan. (PMID:11999895)
• a role for the MAO A promoter-region polymorphism in conferring risk for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (PMID:12140786)
• Role of genotype in the cycle of violence in maltreated children: Maltreated children with a genotype conferring high levels of MAOA expression were less likely to develop antisocial problems (PMID:12161658)
• MAO-A promoter polymorphism is associated with Moclobemide response in depressed patients. (PMID:12163988)
• Single nucleotide polymorphism in smokers (PMID:12360111)
• spectrum and redox properties are altered by inhibitors (PMID:12445480)
• Case control analysis of the VNTR showed an association with a subgroup of children with comorbid conduct problems. (PMID:12497620)
• These findings suggest that the three-repeat allele of the MAOAuVNTR 30-bp polymorphism is not associated with impulsive and aggressive personality traits. (PMID:12554604)
• Investigation of possible ssociation of a T941G single nucleotide polymorphism with generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, or major depression showed an association with gneralized anxiety disorder only. (PMID:12555227)
• Comparison of male alcoholics to male normal controls for the frequencies of two-loci and three-loci haplotypes was statistically significant (PMID:12555234)
• MAO-A polymorphisms are associated with smoking behaviour (PMID:12563176)
• Mao-A gene promoter allele was found in panic disorder. (PMID:12607224)
• genotyped 16 subjects for the DRD4 and MAOA genes who had been scanned during the Attention Network Test (PMID:12773616)
• study shows that the monoamine oxidase A structure is “more flexible” than that of monoamine oxidase B and that clorgyline and pargyline inactivation increase structural stability of both enzymes (PMID:12777388)
• There was a weak association of MAOA in neuroticism only in males. The er was no significant interaction between COMT and MAOA. (PMID:12815746)
• In a study of 129 Chinese Han males neither antisocial alcoholism nor antisocial personality disorder is found to be associated with genetic variants of the MAO-A gene. (PMID:12824808)
• This study showed that the genetic polymorphism of MAOA-VNTR might affect the incidence of nausea induced by SSRIs. (PMID:12886034)
• Functional MAOA-uVNTR alleles may act as a genetic modifier of the severity of autism in males. (PMID:12919132)
• It is proposed that the FAD binding site in MAO A is quite similar to that in MAO B. Structural information in this review is used to explain previous studies on flavin analog incorporation into either MAO B or into MAO A. (PMID:14697881)
• polymorphism is associated with aggression in children (PMID:15024395)
• association between the monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) gene and obesity. (PMID:15034227)
• lower expression of the MAOA variable number tandem repeat polymorphism is related to a history of early abuse and may sensitize males, but not females, to the effects of early abuse experiences on impulsive traits in adulthood (PMID:15150530)
• There was no evidence of epistatic interaction between MAOA, MOAB, and COMT genes on Overt aggression scale scores. (PMID:15211623)
• our results do not confirm the hypothesis that there is a simple correlation between single gene polymorphisms in monoamine oxidase A and personality traits measurement (PMID:15292674)
• These data suggest that the EcoRV and uVNTR polymorphisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of major depression and associated with insomnia in depressed patients. (PMID:15486489)
• evidence in support of interaction between the MAOA and serotonin transporter (SERT) genes in 114 anorexia nervosa nuclear families (patient with AN plus biological parents) (PMID:15523490)
• monoamine oxidase A has a stable tyrosyl radical (PMID:15556933)
• MAOA gene variation may modulate the expression of some clinical aspects of severe mood disorders. (PMID:15564894)
• High-activity MAOA promoter gene polymorphisms, as in aging, are a risk factor for telomeric shortening. (PMID:15722955)
• This study findings further support the notion that allelic variation of MAOA activity contributes modestly to the balance of hyper- (impulsive-aggressive) and hyporeactive (anxious-depressive) traits. (PMID:15870836)
• Monoamine oxidase A polymorphism could play a role in susceptibility to alcoholism, which may differ across sexes. (PMID:15900229)
• This study findings suggest that the MAOA-uVNTR may be involved in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder and the antidepressant therapeutic mechanisms in Chinese population, and that there may be a gender effect in this association. (PMID:15956990)
• present study strongly supports the notion that carrying the 3-repeat allele of the MAO-A-gene promoter increases the risk of male adolescent criminal behavior, when interacting with psychosocial factors. (PMID:16125147)
• important component of the active site structure of hMAO A is the loop conformation of residues 210-216, which differs from that of hMAO B and rat MAO A (PMID:16129825)

Cross-species orthologs

11 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Maoa	ENSMUSG00000025037
rattus_norvegicus	Maoa	ENSRNOG00000002848
drosophila_melanogaster	CG10561	FBGN0002036
drosophila_melanogaster	CG7737	FBGN0033584
drosophila_melanogaster	CG5653	FBGN0035943
drosophila_melanogaster	CG7460	FBGN0036749
drosophila_melanogaster	CG6034	FBGN0036750
drosophila_melanogaster	CG8032	FBGN0037606
drosophila_melanogaster	shps	FBGN0286199
caenorhabditis_elegans	spr-5	WBGENE00005010
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00011615

Paralogs (7): KDM1A (ENSG00000004487), MAOB (ENSG00000069535), SMOX (ENSG00000088826), IL4I1 (ENSG00000104951), PPOX (ENSG00000143224), PAOX (ENSG00000148832), KDM1B (ENSG00000165097)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A — P21397 (reviewed: P21397)

Alternative names: Monoamine oxidase type A

All UniProt accessions (4): A0A8I5KP93, A0A8I5KUC3, P21397, Q53YE7

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of primary and some secondary amine such as neurotransmitters, with concomitant reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Preferentially oxidizes serotonin. Also catalyzes the oxidative deamination of kynuramine to 3-(2-aminophenyl)-3-oxopropanal that can spontaneously condense to 4-hydroxyquinoline.

Subunit / interactions. Monomer, homo- or heterodimer (containing two subunits of similar size). Each subunit contains a covalently bound flavin. Enzymatically active as monomer.

Subcellular location. Mitochondrion outer membrane.

Tissue specificity. Heart, liver, duodenum, blood vessels and kidney.

Disease relevance. Brunner syndrome (BRNRS) [MIM:300615] A form of X-linked non-dysmorphic mild intellectual disability. Male patients are affected by borderline intellectual deficit and exhibit abnormal behavior, including disturbed regulation of impulsive aggression. Obligate female carriers have normal intelligence and behavior. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Polymorphism. A polymorphism 1.2 kb upstream of the MAOA coding sequences consists of a 30-bp repeated sequence present in 3, 3.5, 4, or 5 copies. The polymorphism affect transcriptional activity of the MAOA gene promoter. Alleles with 3.5 or 4 copies of the repeat sequence are transcribed 2 to 10 times more efficiently than those with 3 or 5 copies of the repeat.

Similarity. Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
P21397-1	1	yes
P21397-2	2

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_000231, NP_001257387 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001613	Flavin_amine_oxidase	Family
IPR002937	Amino_oxidase	Domain
IPR036188	FAD/NAD-bd_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR050703	Flavin_MAO	Family

Pfam: PF01593

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 1.4.3.4 — monoamine oxidase (BRENDA: 65 organisms, 330 substrates, 1539 inhibitors, 310 Km, 144 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

66 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 15. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
BENZYLAMINE	0.0109–82	43
KYNURAMINE	0.0161–5.123	27
SEROTONIN	0.069–4.7	26
2-PHENYLETHYLAMINE	0.016–86	25
PHENYLETHYLAMINE	0.0004–6.34	18
TRYPTAMINE	0.0185–5.1	12
TYRAMINE	0.018–6.14	12
1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE	0.033–0.797	8
4-TYRAMINE	0.83–5.5	6
4-[(1R)-2-AMINO-1-HYDROXYETHYL]BENZENE-1,2-DIOL	0.57–3.5	6
DOPAMINE	0.088–4.71	6
N-METHYLHISTAMINE	0.29–7.5	6
O2	0.0093–0.33	5
P-NITROPHENYLETHYLAMINE	0.005–0.22	5
(S)-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDRO-1-METHYLISOQUINOLINE	1.12–1.96	4

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 10 shown:

• a primary methyl amine + O2 + H2O = an aldehyde + H2O2 + NH4(+) (RHEA:16153)
• 2-phenylethylamine + O2 + H2O = 2-phenylacetaldehyde + H2O2 + NH4(+) (RHEA:25265)
• a secondary aliphatic amine + O2 + H2O = a primary amine + an aldehyde + H2O2 (RHEA:26414)
• dopamine + O2 + H2O = 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + H2O2 + NH4(+) (RHEA:27946)
• tyramine + O2 + H2O = (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde + H2O2 + NH4(+) (RHEA:30591)
• (R)-adrenaline + O2 + H2O = (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehyde + methylamine + H2O2 (RHEA:51168)
• tryptamine + O2 + H2O = indole-3-acetaldehyde + H2O2 + NH4(+) (RHEA:59416)
• kynuramine + O2 + H2O = 3-(2-aminophenyl)-3-oxopropanal + H2O2 + NH4(+) (RHEA:59596)
• serotonin + O2 + H2O = (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetaldehyde + H2O2 + NH4(+) (RHEA:69072)
• (R)-noradrenaline + O2 + H2O = (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehyde + H2O2 + NH4(+) (RHEA:69076)

UniProt features (79 total): strand 26, helix 24, mutagenesis site 8, sequence variant 5, turn 4, modified residue 3, topological domain 2, site 2, chain 1, splice variant 1, transmembrane region 1, sequence conflict 1, region of interest 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

4 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
2Z5Y	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.17
2Z5X	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.2
2BXR	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3
2BXS	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.15

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P21397-F1	97.09	0.97

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (2): 335 (important for substrate specificity); 374 (important for catalytic activity)

Post-translational modifications (3): 1, 383, 406

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (8):

Position	Phenotype
165	no loss of activity.
266	no loss of activity.
306	no loss of activity.
321	no loss of activity.
323	no loss of activity.
374	complete loss of activity.
398	no loss of activity.
406	complete loss of activity.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

23 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-141333	Biogenic amines are oxidatively deaminated to aldehydes by MAOA and MAOB
R-HSA-181430	Norepinephrine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
R-HSA-379397	Enzymatic degradation of dopamine by COMT
R-HSA-379398	Enzymatic degradation of Dopamine by monoamine oxidase
R-HSA-379401	Dopamine clearance from the synaptic cleft
R-HSA-380612	Metabolism of serotonin
R-HSA-5579012	Defective MAOA causes BRUNS
R-HSA-6785807	Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling
R-HSA-112310	Neurotransmitter release cycle
R-HSA-112311	Neurotransmitter clearance
R-HSA-112315	Transmission across Chemical Synapses
R-HSA-112316	Neuronal System
R-HSA-1280215	Cytokine Signaling in Immune system
R-HSA-140179	Amine Oxidase reactions
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism
R-HSA-1643685	Disease
R-HSA-168256	Immune System
R-HSA-211859	Biological oxidations
R-HSA-211945	Phase I - Functionalization of compounds
R-HSA-380615	Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft
R-HSA-449147	Signaling by Interleukins
R-HSA-5579029	Metabolic disorders of biological oxidation enzymes
R-HSA-5668914	Diseases of metabolism

MSigDB gene sets: 346 (showing top): GOBP_PHENOL_CONTAINING_COMPOUND_METABOLIC_PROCESS, MODULE_93, KOBAYASHI_EGFR_SIGNALING_24HR_UP, REACTOME_BIOLOGICAL_OXIDATIONS, GRUETZMANN_PANCREATIC_CANCER_DN, REACTOME_CYTOKINE_SIGNALING_IN_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOZGIT_ESR1_TARGETS_DN, MODULE_563, MODULE_445, GAUSSMANN_MLL_AF4_FUSION_TARGETS_A_UP, ACEVEDO_NORMAL_TISSUE_ADJACENT_TO_LIVER_TUMOR_DN, SABATES_COLORECTAL_ADENOMA_SIZE_DN, BROWNE_HCMV_INFECTION_16HR_UP, SARRIO_EPITHELIAL_MESENCHYMAL_TRANSITION_DN, CHX10_01

GO Biological Process (5): biogenic amine metabolic process (GO:0006576), positive regulation of signal transduction (GO:0009967), dopamine catabolic process (GO:0042420), serotonin catabolic process (GO:0042429), catecholamine metabolic process (GO:0006584)

GO Molecular Function (5): primary methylamine oxidase activity (GO:0008131), flavin adenine dinucleotide binding (GO:0050660), monoamine oxidase activity (GO:0097621), protein binding (GO:0005515), oxidoreductase activity (GO:0016491)

GO Cellular Component (4): mitochondrion (GO:0005739), mitochondrial outer membrane (GO:0005741), cytosol (GO:0005829), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-13 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Dopamine clearance from the synaptic cleft	2
Neurotransmitter clearance	2
Transmission across Chemical Synapses	2
Amine Oxidase reactions	1
Neurotransmitter release cycle	1
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft	1
Metabolic disorders of biological oxidation enzymes	1
Signaling by Interleukins	1
Neuronal System	1
Immune System	1
Phase I - Functionalization of compounds	1
Metabolism	1
Biological oxidations	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, oxygen as acceptor	2
cytoplasm	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
amine metabolic process	1
signal transduction	1
regulation of signal transduction	1
positive regulation of cell communication	1
positive regulation of signaling	1
positive regulation of response to stimulus	1
dopamine metabolic process	1
catecholamine catabolic process	1
phenol-containing compound catabolic process	1
serotonin metabolic process	1
indole-containing compound catabolic process	1
primary amino compound catabolic process	1
biogenic amine metabolic process	1
catechol-containing compound metabolic process	1
nucleotide binding	1
anion binding	1
binding	1
catalytic activity	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
mitochondrial membrane	1
organelle outer membrane	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

3226 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
MAOA	COMT	P21964	964
MAOA	SLC6A4	P31645	943
MAOA	TOMT	Q8WZ04	894
MAOA	DRD4	P21917	893
MAOA	SLC6A3	Q01959	890
MAOA	DBH	P09172	877
MAOA	DDC	P20711	864
MAOA	HTR1A	P08908	862
MAOA	AOC2	O75106	798
MAOA	SLC18A2	Q05940	793
MAOA	HTR2A	P28223	787
MAOA	TH	P07101	786
MAOA	ALDH2	P05091	781
MAOA	BCHE	P06276	745
MAOA	ACHE	P22303	745

IntAct

31 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
MAOA	MAOB	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
MAOA	MAOB	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.670
ARL4C	RGS12	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
ASPH	STXBP3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
CDK5RAP3	PLD2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
CENPH	PSMD11	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
LPAR1	TMEM223	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
PAEP	PROS1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
NDRG1	MAOA	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
	MAOA	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
APBB1	SSPOP	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
COQ9	NDUFS8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
COQ9	ACOT7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MAPT	SHTN1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
WNT2B	PGRMC2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MTCH2	IPO5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ARMC6	DDX39A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CHRNA3	ENTPD6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GDPD5	TMEM120B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
HPN	DDX39A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MAGEA8	B4GALT5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PACC1	IPO5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SAAL1	TMEM223	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SLC39A14	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SLC7A1	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
A2M	TPP1	psi-mi:“MI:0403”(colocalization)	0.350
CDH5	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)	0.270

BioGRID (25): MAOA (Affinity Capture-MS), MAOB (Affinity Capture-MS), MIEF1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MAOA (Affinity Capture-RNA), MAOA (Affinity Capture-MS), MAOB (Proximity Label-MS), MAOA (Proximity Label-MS), MAOA (Proximity Label-MS), MAOA (Affinity Capture-MS), MAOA (Affinity Capture-MS), MAOA (Proximity Label-MS), MAOB (Affinity Capture-MS), MIEF1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MAOA (Affinity Capture-MS), MAOA (Proximity Label-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0P0XM10, A0A2U8QPE6, A6MFL0, A8QL51, A8QL52, A8QL58, B0VXW0, B5AR80, B5U6Y8, G8XQX1, J7H670, O64411, P0C2D5, P0DO52, P19643, P21396, P21397, P21398, P23623, P27338, P49253, P54982, P56560, P57681, P58027, P58028, P81382, P81383, P86810, Q0J290, Q4JHE1, Q4JHE2, Q4JHE3, Q5NU32, Q5R748, Q5RE60, Q5RE98, Q64133, Q6NSN2, Q6PLK3

Diamond homologs: A0A024BTN9, A0A2U8QPE6, A2XDA1, A6MFL0, A8QL51, A8QL52, A8QL58, B0VXW0, B5AR80, B5U6Y8, C0HJE7, C3VEP9, C3VEQ0, F8S0Z5, G8XQX1, J7H670, K9N7B7, O09046, O49901, O93364, P0C2D5, P0CC17, P0DI84, P0DPS2, P19643, P21397, P26294, P27338, P28553, P28554, P29273, P40974, P49086, P56560, P56742, P58027, P58028, P74306, P80093, P81382

SIGNOR signaling

9 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
MAOA	“down-regulates quantity”	3-methoxytyramine	“chemical modification”
MAOA	“down-regulates quantity”	dopamine	“chemical modification”
MAOA	“up-regulates quantity”	3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde	“chemical modification”
MAOA	“down-regulates quantity”	serotonin	“chemical modification”
MAOA	“up-regulates quantity”	(R)-adrenaline	“chemical modification”
MAOA	“up-regulates quantity”	(R)-noradrenaline	“chemical modification”
NHLH2	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	MAOA	“transcriptional regulation”
Phenelzine	“down-regulates activity”	MAOA	“chemical inhibition”
moclobemide	“down-regulates activity”	MAOA	“chemical inhibition”

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

334 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	11
Likely pathogenic	10
Uncertain significance	131
Likely benign	71
Benign	11

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (21)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
1071006	NC_000023.10:g.(?43515570)(43603780_?)del	Pathogenic
1074868	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.1214del (p.Gly405fs)	Pathogenic
139432	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.797G>T (p.Cys266Phe)	Pathogenic
146001	GRCh38/hg38 Xp11.3(chrX:43640608-44123496)x2	Pathogenic
208352	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.749_750insT (p.Ser251fs)	Pathogenic
2422624	NC_000023.10:g.(?43515590)(43817891_?)del	Pathogenic
3237494	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.290_303del (p.Leu97fs)	Pathogenic
451098	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.1263-2A>G	Pathogenic
4624227	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.1183A>T (p.Lys395Ter)	Pathogenic
685032	GRCh37/hg19 Xp11.4-11.3(chrX:42165435-43684005)x0	Pathogenic
9967	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.886C>T (p.Gln296Ter)	Pathogenic
2571364	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.166del (p.Arg56fs)	Likely pathogenic
3256735	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.1180G>C (p.Glu394Gln)	Likely pathogenic
3600474	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.11_12del (p.Gln4fs)	Likely pathogenic
3659338	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.73+1G>C	Likely pathogenic
4051008	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.83del (p.Ala28fs)	Likely pathogenic
4074827	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.796-1G>T	Likely pathogenic
4082335	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.1420C>T (p.Gln474Ter)	Likely pathogenic
431096	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.730G>A (p.Val244Ile)	Likely pathogenic
4820104	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.1075del (p.Asp359fs)	Likely pathogenic
992787	NM_000240.4(MAOA):c.233dup (p.Leu78fs)	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

2081 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
X:43656410:TTCAG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
X:43656411:TCAG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
X:43656415:G:A	donor_loss	1.0000
X:43656416:T:G	donor_loss	1.0000
X:43657964:TGGA:T	donor_gain	1.0000
X:43657965:GGAG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
X:43657968:GA:G	donor_gain	1.0000
X:43657970:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
X:43657980:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
X:43683507:CTTTA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:43683508:TTTA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:43683509:TTA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:43683511:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:43683511:A:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:43683511:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:43683512:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:43683512:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:43683512:GGA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:43683512:GGACT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:43683604:AAGGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
X:43683605:AGGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
X:43683606:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
X:43683607:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
X:43683607:GGTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
X:43683608:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
X:43683608:GTAA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
X:43683609:T:TC	donor_loss	1.0000
X:43693286:TGCAG:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:43693288:CAGAA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
X:43693289:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

3451 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
X:43731245:G:C	R217P	0.999
X:43731841:T:A	W315R	0.999
X:43731841:T:C	W315R	0.999
X:43741974:T:A	W397R	0.999
X:43741974:T:C	W397R	0.999
X:43683592:A:C	R51S	0.998
X:43683592:A:T	R51S	0.998
X:43731813:G:C	K305N	0.998
X:43731813:G:T	K305N	0.998
X:43741976:G:C	W397C	0.998
X:43741976:G:T	W397C	0.998
X:43742003:C:G	C406W	0.998
X:43743852:T:A	W441R	0.998
X:43743852:T:C	W441R	0.998
X:43743892:G:C	R454P	0.998
X:43683591:G:C	R51T	0.997
X:43728238:C:T	S190F	0.997
X:43728314:G:C	Q215H	0.997
X:43728314:G:T	Q215H	0.997
X:43731326:T:A	V244D	0.997
X:43731811:A:G	K305E	0.997
X:43732794:G:C	G351R	0.997
X:43743829:C:A	A433E	0.997
X:43743859:G:A	G443D	0.997
X:43743882:G:C	A451P	0.997
X:43693324:G:C	A68P	0.996
X:43731843:G:C	W315C	0.996
X:43731843:G:T	W315C	0.996
X:43732795:G:A	G351D	0.996
X:43736228:T:C	F352L	0.996

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000048725 (X:43678067 A>G), RS1000068610 (X:43679327 G>A), RS1000105013 (X:43677222 C>T), RS1000215290 (X:43672042 C>G,T), RS1000373411 (X:43659534 C>G), RS1000379370 (X:43686516 A>C), RS1000405150 (X:43743282 A>G), RS1000406951 (X:43697930 C>G,T), RS1000411376 (X:43696856 G>A,T), RS1000427405 (X:43660022 T>A), RS1000527827 (X:43714638 G>A), RS1000557465 (X:43740939 C>T), RS1000710225 (X:43662209 A>G), RS1000712526 (X:43672398 AT>A), RS1000763950 (X:43663098 T>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:309850 | disease phenotypes: MIM:300615

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
Brunner syndrome	Definitive	X-linked

ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity (1)

Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
Brunner syndrome	Definitive	XL

Mondo (3): Brunner syndrome (MONDO:0010379), intellectual disability (MONDO:0001071), antisocial behavior, susceptibility to (MONDO:0800413)

Orphanet (2): Monoamine oxidase A deficiency (Orphanet:3057), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Unexplained intellectual disability (Orphanet:319658)

HPO phenotypes

14 total (14 of 14 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0000708	Atypical behavior
HP:0000717	Autism
HP:0000718	Aggressive behavior
HP:0000744	Low frustration tolerance
HP:0001249	Intellectual disability
HP:0001270	Motor delay
HP:0001419	X-linked recessive inheritance
HP:0002014	Diarrhea
HP:0002315	Headache
HP:0030186	Kinetic tremor
HP:0031284	Flushing
HP:0100543	Cognitive impairment
HP:0100710	Impulsivity
HP:0100716	Self-injurious behavior

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST000349_8	Smoking behavior	7.000000e-06

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004318	smoking behavior

MeSH disease descriptors (2)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D008607	Intellectual Disability	C10.597.606.360; C23.888.592.604.646; F01.700.687; F03.625.539
C563156	Brunner Syndrome (supp.)

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (2): CHEMBL1951 (SINGLE PROTEIN), CHEMBL2095205 (PROTEIN FAMILY)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

130 molecules (phase ≥1), by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds). Patent mentions across the top 20 by phase: 512,950 (via chembl_molecule»patent_compound — counts attach to the compound, not the gene–compound relationship, so off-target/promiscuous molecules can dominate).

Molecule	Name	Phase	Patents
CHEMBL104	CLOTRIMAZOLE	4	56,325
CHEMBL1070	NABUMETONE	4	55,063
CHEMBL1079604	METAXALONE	4	5,021
CHEMBL1089	PHENELZINE	4	18,793
CHEMBL1112	ARIPIPRAZOLE	4	24,205
CHEMBL1171837	PONATINIB	4	8,955
CHEMBL1179047	CHLOROPROCAINE	4	52,577
CHEMBL119	TRIMETREXATE	4	57,002
CHEMBL1196	PROPARACAINE	4	12,973
CHEMBL1200624	ETHYNODIOL DIACETATE	4	5,941
CHEMBL1200904	SELEGILINE HYDROCHLORIDE	4	5,084
CHEMBL1201142	RASAGILINE MESYLATE	4	716
CHEMBL1201303	PYRVINIUM	4	1,797
CHEMBL1206	ETHOPROPAZINE	4	15,984
CHEMBL121	ROSIGLITAZONE	4	58,849
CHEMBL1257051	TEDIZOLID	4	1,778
CHEMBL126	LINEZOLID	4	27,339
CHEMBL12713	SERTINDOLE	4	8,984
CHEMBL1336	SORAFENIB	4	86,060
CHEMBL1401	NITAZOXANIDE	4	9,504
CHEMBL1448	NICLOSAMIDE	4
CHEMBL1475	TRIOXSALEN	4
CHEMBL1520	VARDENAFIL	4
CHEMBL1626223	PYRANTEL	4
CHEMBL169901	DEBRISOQUIN	4
CHEMBL18116	TOLOXATONE	4
CHEMBL1909286	PHENOXYPROPAZINE	4
CHEMBL191083	METHYLENE BLUE CATION	4
CHEMBL193	NIFEDIPINE	4
CHEMBL1946170	REGORAFENIB	4

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

PharmGKB variants

2 variants.

Variant	Genes	Level	Score	#Clin annots	Drugs
rs1137070	MAOA		0.00	0
rs979605	MAOA		0.00	0

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: enzyme — Catecholamine turnover

Most potent curated ligand interactions (9 total), top 9:

Ligand	Action	Affinity	Parameter
moclobemide	Inhibition	8.3	pKi
harmaline	Inhibition	7.48	pIC50
phenelzine	Irreversible inhibition	7.33	pKi
acacetin	Inhibition	7.23	pKi
CR4056	Inhibition	6.69	pIC50
bifemelane	Inhibition	5.38	pKi
tranylcypromine	Inhibition	4.7	pIC50
linezolid	Inhibition	4.34	pIC50
selegiline	Inhibition	4.17	pKi

Binding affinities (BindingDB)

456 measured of 1162 human assays (1168 total across all organisms); most potent 50 below. Values come from heterogeneous assays and are not directly comparable.

Ligand	Measure	Value	Patent
1,4-Bis(2-pentanoylimino-5-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethylidene)-4-oxo-thiazolidin-3-yl)benzene (5a)	IC50	1 nM
3,4-dichloro-N-(1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl)benzamide	IC50	1.13 nM	US-9738640: Substituted benzamide derivatives as in vitro MAO-B inhibitors
tert-butyl N-[1-[3-[2-[3-[4-(methanesulfonamido)phenyl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl]ethynyl]azetidine-1-carbonyl]cyclopropyl]-N-methylcarbamate	IC50	2.3 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
2-[4-[2-[5-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-pyridinyl]ethyl]phenyl]acetohydrazide	IC50	3.2 nM	US-9603833: Benzene or thiophene derivative and use thereof as VAP-1 inhibitor
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(cyclobutanecarbonyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	4 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
CLG	IC50	4.5 nM
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(cyclopropanecarbonyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	5 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(3-hydroxy-3-methylcyclobutanecarbonyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	5 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(2,2-difluorocyclopropanecarbonyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	5 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
tert-butyl N-[1-[3-[2-[3-[4-(methanesulfonamido)phenyl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl]ethynyl]azetidine-1-carbonyl]cyclopropyl]carbamate	IC50	5 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(3,3-difluorocyclobutanecarbonyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	6 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(3-methyloxetane-3-carbonyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	6 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(1-methylcyclopropanecarbonyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	6 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
tert-butyl N-[1-[3-[2-[3-[4-(methanesulfonamido)phenyl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl]ethynyl]azetidine-1-carbonyl]cyclobutyl]carbamate	IC50	6 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(cyclopropanecarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	6.5 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[4-oxo-7-[2-(3-propan-2-ylimidazol-4-yl)ethynyl]chromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	7 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
2-[4-[2-(2-piperazin-1-yl-4-pyridinyl)ethyl]phenyl]acetohydrazide	IC50	7.3 nM	US-9603833: Benzene or thiophene derivative and use thereof as VAP-1 inhibitor
[3-(2,3-Dichloro-phenoxy)-propyl]-methyl-prop-2-ynyl-amine (clorgyline)	IC50	7.7 nM	US-20250382276: COMPOUND, METHOD OF PREPARATION, COMPOSITION, AND USES THEREOF
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(3-methoxypropanoyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	8 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
4,5-Dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivative, 1k	IC50	8.6 nM
4,5-Dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivative, 1g	IC50	8.8 nM
tert-butyl 3-[2-[3-[4-(methanesulfonamido)phenyl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl]ethynyl]azetidine-1-carboxylate	IC50	9 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[4-oxo-7-[2-(2-oxo-1H-pyridin-4-yl)ethynyl]chromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	9 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
cyclopentyl 3-[2-[3-[4-(methanesulfonamido)phenyl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl]ethynyl]azetidine-1-carboxylate	IC50	9 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
1,2-Bis(2-(2-chlorobenzoylimino)-5-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethylidene)-4-oxo-thiazolidin-3-yl)benzene (3e)	IC50	9 nM
4,5-Dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivative, 1a	IC50	9 nM
2-[4-[2-(6-piperazin-1-yl-2-pyridinyl)ethyl]phenyl]acetohydrazide	IC50	9.8 nM	US-9603833: Benzene or thiophene derivative and use thereof as VAP-1 inhibitor
7-[(4-Cyanobenzyl)oxy]-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (4m)	IC50	10 nM
4,5-Dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivative, 1m	IC50	10 nM
4,5-Dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivative, 1e	IC50	10 nM
4,5-Dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivative, 1j	IC50	10 nM
4,5-Dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivative, 3c	IC50	10 nM
4,5-Dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivative, 3d	IC50	10 nM
4-chloro-3-fluoro-N-(1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl)benzamide	IC50	10.9 nM	US-9738640: Substituted benzamide derivatives as in vitro MAO-B inhibitors
7-[(4-Fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (4e)	IC50	12 nM
4,5-Dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivative, 2i	IC50	14 nM
N-[4-[7-[2-(2,3-dimethylimidazol-4-yl)ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	15 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(2-hydroxyacetyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	15 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(2-hydroxypropanoyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	15 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	16 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[4-oxo-7-(2-pyridin-3-ylethynyl)chromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	21 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
2-chloro-6-methyl-N-[[4-(2-oxo-1H-pyridin-4-yl)phenyl]methyl]benzamide	IC50	23 nM	US-9000015: Compounds for the treatment of addiction
2,6-dichloro-N-[[4-(5-fluoro-2-oxo-1H-pyridin-4-yl)phenyl]methyl]benzamide	IC50	25 nM	US-9000015: Compounds for the treatment of addiction
7-[(3-Cyanobenzyl)oxy]-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (4l)	IC50	26 nM
4,5-Dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivative, 1f	IC50	28 nM
7-[(4-Chlorobenzyl)oxy]-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (4g)	IC50	33 nM
7-[(4-Bromobenzyl)oxy]-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (4i)	IC50	34 nM
N-[4-[7-[2-[1-(1-methylpiperidine-4-carbonyl)azetidin-3-yl]ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	35 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
N-[4-[7-[2-(oxan-4-yl)ethynyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide	IC50	43 nM	US-8673966: ALDH-2 inhibitors in the treatment of addiction
3,4-difluoro-N-(1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl)benzamide	IC50	46.1 nM	US-9738640: Substituted benzamide derivatives as in vitro MAO-B inhibitors

ChEMBL bioactivities

2623 potent at pChembl≥5 of 4490 total, top 50 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
10.85	Ki	0.014	nM	CHEMBL5271774
10.00	IC50	0.1	nM	CHEMBL209413
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5269241
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5283319
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5276967
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5272518
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5291452
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5280524
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5272772
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5271570
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5268306
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5273835
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5284012
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5275680
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5290358
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5284128
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5282135
10.00	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL5270226
9.57	IC50	0.27	nM	CHEMBL1929421
9.52	Ki	0.3	nM	CLORGILINE
9.52	IC50	0.3	nM	CHEMBL1929421
9.46	Ki	0.346	nM	CHEMBL5270286
9.41	IC50	0.389	nM	CHEMBL3319256
9.40	IC50	0.4	nM	CHEMBL5178014
9.32	Ki	0.48	nM	CHEMBL4104691
9.30	Ki	0.5	nM	MOCLOBEMIDE
9.30	IC50	0.5	nM	CLORGILINE
9.21	IC50	0.61	nM	CLORGILINE
9.18	IC50	0.6607	nM	CHEMBL4061639
9.15	IC50	0.7	nM	CHEMBL1256153
9.14	IC50	0.72	nM	CHEMBL3415804
9.08	IC50	0.83	nM	CHEMBL1651055
9.07	IC50	0.85	nM	CHEMBL3415795
9.05	Ki	0.8913	nM	CHEMBL14640
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL3415817
9.00	IC50	1	nM	CLORGILINE
9.00	Ki	1	nM	CHEMBL4748517
9.00	Ki	1	nM	CHEMBL4787516
9.00	Ki	1	nM	CHEMBL4761363
9.00	Ki	1	nM	CHEMBL4757953
9.00	Ki	1	nM	CHEMBL4787184
9.00	Ki	1	nM	CHEMBL4762228
9.00	IC50	1	nM	HARMINE
9.00	Ki	1	nM	HARMINE
8.97	IC50	1.06	nM	CLORGILINE
8.96	IC50	1.1	nM	CLORGILINE
8.92	IC50	1.2	nM	CLORGILINE
8.89	IC50	1.29	nM	CHEMBL1482039
8.85	IC50	1.4	nM	CHEMBL3415783
8.84	IC50	1.445	nM	CHEMBL3319257

PubChem BioAssay actives

1242 with measured affinity, of 6100 total; 50 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
2-[2-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenylpyrazol-4-yl)-2-oxoethyl]propanedinitrile	1930190: Inhibition of human MAO-A	ki	<0.0001	uM
N-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyrazole-2-carbothioamide	1961157: Inhibition of human MAO-A by spectrofluorimetric analysis	ki	0.0001	uM
8-methoxy-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]indeno[1,2-c]pyridazin-5-one	266327: Inhibition of MAO-B in baboon liver mitochondria	ic50	0.0001	uM
3-(4-fluorophenyl)-N,5-diphenyl-3,4-dihydropyrazole-2-carbothioamide	1961157: Inhibition of human MAO-A by spectrofluorimetric analysis	ki	0.0001	uM
N-[4-chloro-3-[3-[methyl(prop-2-ynyl)amino]propoxy]phenyl]-N’-hydroxydecanediamide	1900906: Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) expressed in mouse GL26 cells using 14C 5-hydroxytryptamine as substrate pre-incubated for 20 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins by liquid scintillation spectroscopy	ic50	0.0001	uM
2-amino-5-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenylpyrazol-4-yl)furan-3-carbonitrile	1930190: Inhibition of human MAO-A	ki	0.0003	uM
4-[[4-chloro-3-[3-[methyl(prop-2-ynyl)amino]propoxy]anilino]methyl]-N-hydroxybenzamide	1900906: Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) expressed in mouse GL26 cells using 14C 5-hydroxytryptamine as substrate pre-incubated for 20 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins by liquid scintillation spectroscopy	ic50	0.0004	uM
2-(furan-3-yl)-N-methyl-N-prop-2-ynylprop-2-en-1-amine;oxalic acid	1199579: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in Sf9 cells using 5-hydroxytryptamine substrate assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 1 hr by fluorescence assay	ic50	0.0007	uM
2-(4-bromophenyl)-N-methyl-N-prop-2-ynylprop-2-en-1-amine;hydrochloride	1199579: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in Sf9 cells using 5-hydroxytryptamine substrate assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 1 hr by fluorescence assay	ic50	0.0008	uM
11-methoxy-16-azatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.013,17]heptadeca-1(16),2,4,6,9(17),10,12,14-octaen-8-one	629007: Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect cells assessed as hydrogen peroxide production from p-tyramine after 15 mins by amplex red assay	ic50	0.0008	uM
2-(phenoxymethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole	223245: Displacement of [3H]idazoxan from imidazoline receptor I-2 binding sites in rabbit kidney membrane	ki	0.0009	uM
methyl (2Z)-2-[3-[4-[(5Z)-5-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethylidene)-4-oxo-2-pentanoylimino-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]phenyl]-4-oxo-2-pentanoylimino-1,3-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]acetate	1802510: In-vitro Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.11.004: “Symmetrical aryl linked bis-iminothiazolidinones as new chemical entities for the inhibition of monoamine oxidases: Synthesis, in vitro biological evaluation and molecular modelling analysis.”	ic50	0.0010	uM
2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methyl-N-prop-2-ynylprop-2-en-1-amine;oxalic acid	1199579: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in Sf9 cells using 5-hydroxytryptamine substrate assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 1 hr by fluorescence assay	ic50	0.0010	uM
3-[2-[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrazol-2-yl]-2-oxoethyl]-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one	1708793: Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence analysis	ki	0.0010	uM
N-[(E)-[(E)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enylidene]amino]-2-(2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazol-3-yl)acetamide	1708793: Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence analysis	ki	0.0010	uM
N-[(E)-[(E)-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-enylidene]amino]-2-(2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazol-3-yl)acetamide	1708793: Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence analysis	ki	0.0010	uM
2-(5-chloro-2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazol-3-yl)-N-[(E)-[(E)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enylidene]amino]acetamide	1708793: Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence analysis	ki	0.0010	uM
2-(5-chloro-2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazol-3-yl)-N-[(E)-[(E)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-enylidene]amino]acetamide	1708793: Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence analysis	ki	0.0010	uM
N-[(E)-[(E)-1,3-diphenylprop-2-enylidene]amino]-2-(2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazol-3-yl)acetamide	1708793: Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence analysis	ki	0.0010	uM
2-[3-[(4-fluorophenoxy)methyl]phenyl]-N-methyl-N-prop-2-ynylprop-2-en-1-amine;oxalic acid	1199579: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in Sf9 cells using 5-hydroxytryptamine substrate assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 1 hr by fluorescence assay	ic50	0.0014	uM
2-(3-benzyl-2-oxoquinoxalin-1-yl)-N-[(E)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylideneamino]acetamide	1859162: Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin)	ic50	0.0016	uM
2-[3-[(3-fluorophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]-N-prop-2-ynylprop-2-en-1-amine;oxalic acid	1199579: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in Sf9 cells using 5-hydroxytryptamine substrate assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 1 hr by fluorescence assay	ic50	0.0019	uM
1-[5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrazol-2-yl]ethanone	125552: Binding affinity was evaluated against human monoamino oxidase A	ki	0.0020	uM
2-[2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3-yl]acetohydrazide	1871551: Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin)	ic50	0.0021	uM
2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-N-methyl-N-prop-2-ynylprop-2-en-1-amine;oxalic acid	1199579: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in Sf9 cells using 5-hydroxytryptamine substrate assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 1 hr by fluorescence assay	ic50	0.0023	uM
4-[(E)-N-[(3-benzylquinoxalin-2-yl)amino]-C-methylcarbonimidoyl]phenol	516368: Inhibition of MAOA by spectrophotometry	ic50	0.0028	uM
1-[(E)-[4-(3,4-dimethyl-5,5-dioxopyrazolo[4,3-c][1,2]benzothiazin-2-yl)phenyl]methylideneamino]-3-(4-methylphenyl)thiourea	1506641: Inhibition of human MAOA pre-incubated for 10 mins before p-tyramine substrate addition and measured after 10 mins by amplex red reagent-based microplate fluorescence reader analysis	ic50	0.0030	uM
trans-(1R,2S)-2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-N-[[1-(4-phenylphenyl)triazol-4-yl]methyl]cyclopropan-1-amine;hydrochloride	2086565: Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) assessed as luminescent signal by MAO-Glo-assay	ic50	0.0032	uM
N-methyl-N-prop-2-ynyl-2-thiophen-2-ylprop-2-en-1-amine;hydrochloride	1199579: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in Sf9 cells using 5-hydroxytryptamine substrate assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 1 hr by fluorescence assay	ic50	0.0034	uM
4-[(E)-[(3-benzylquinoxalin-2-yl)hydrazinylidene]methyl]phenol	516368: Inhibition of MAOA by spectrophotometry	ic50	0.0034	uM
2-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-N-prop-2-ynylprop-2-en-1-amine;hydrochloride	1199579: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in Sf9 cells using 5-hydroxytryptamine substrate assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 1 hr by fluorescence assay	ic50	0.0037	uM
2-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-N-prop-2-ynylprop-2-en-1-amine;oxalic acid	1199579: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in Sf9 cells using 5-hydroxytryptamine substrate assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 1 hr by fluorescence assay	ic50	0.0039	uM
3-chloro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-indole-5,6-dicarbonitrile	1192163: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A assessed as kynuramine oxidation to 4-hydroxyquinoline formation by spectrofluorometric analysis	ic50	0.0040	uM
1-[5-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrazol-2-yl]ethanone	125552: Binding affinity was evaluated against human monoamino oxidase A	ki	0.0040	uM
phenyl 5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrazole-2-carboxylate	776657: Competitive inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BT1 insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis	ki	0.0040	uM
N-[(E)-[(E)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enylidene]amino]-2-(2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazol-3-yl)acetamide	1708793: Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence analysis	ki	0.0040	uM
5-chloro-3-[2-[5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyrazol-2-yl]-2-oxoethyl]-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one	1708793: Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence analysis	ki	0.0040	uM
3-[2-[3-(4-methylphenyl)-5-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyrazol-2-yl]-2-oxoethyl]-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one	1708793: Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence analysis	ki	0.0040	uM
11-[5-[4-(2-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]pentoxy]-16-azatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.013,17]heptadeca-1(16),2,4,6,9(17),10,12,14-octaen-8-one	1857198: Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 15 mins by Amplex red fluorescence based microplate reader assay	ic50	0.0040	uM
(E)-3-[4-[[4-chloro-3-[3-[methyl(prop-2-ynyl)amino]propoxy]anilino]methyl]phenyl]-N-hydroxyprop-2-enamide	1900906: Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) expressed in mouse GL26 cells using 14C 5-hydroxytryptamine as substrate pre-incubated for 20 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins by liquid scintillation spectroscopy	ic50	0.0040	uM
2-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-N-methyl-N-prop-2-ynylprop-2-en-1-amine;oxalic acid	1199579: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in Sf9 cells using 5-hydroxytryptamine substrate assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 1 hr by fluorescence assay	ic50	0.0041	uM
4-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-N-[(E)-(4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)methylideneamino]-1,3-thiazol-2-amine	1351087: Reversible-competitive inhibition of human MAO-A using varying levels of tyramine as substrate after 30 mins by Lineweaver-Burk plot	ki	0.0044	uM
(5R)-5-(methoxymethyl)-3-pyrrol-1-yl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one	1940943: Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A using kynuramine as substrate incubated for 20 mins by spectrophotometry analysis	ki	0.0049	uM
3-[2-[3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyrazol-2-yl]-2-oxoethyl]-5-methyl-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one	1708793: Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence analysis	ki	0.0050	uM
11-[3-[4-(2-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]propoxy]-16-azatetracyclo[7.7.1.02,7.013,17]heptadeca-1(16),2,4,6,9(17),10,12,14-octaen-8-one	1857198: Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 15 mins by Amplex red fluorescence based microplate reader assay	ic50	0.0050	uM
N’-[2-(3-benzyl-2-oxoquinoxalin-1-yl)acetyl]-4-methylbenzohydrazide	1767577: Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) by multi-well spectrophotometry	ic50	0.0053	uM
N-methyl-N-(1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine	1940942: Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin)	ki	0.0054	uM
1-[[2-(3-benzyl-2-oxoquinoxalin-1-yl)acetyl]amino]-3-phenylthiourea	1767577: Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) by multi-well spectrophotometry	ic50	0.0054	uM
5-[(Z)-(6-bromoindol-3-ylidene)methyl]-2-imino-1,3-dimethylimidazol-4-ol	672470: Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A using kynuramine as substrate preincubated with compound for 15 mins measured after 20 mins by fluorometric analysis	ic50	0.0056	uM
2-[(1R,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropyl]-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole	223249: Displacement of [3H]idazoxan from imidazoline receptor I-2 of rabbit kidney membranes	ki	0.0060	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

149 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects cotreatment, increases expression, affects expression, increases methylation	9
Estradiol	decreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases expression	6
Serotonin	increases abundance, increases metabolic processing, decreases reaction, increases degradation, decreases amination	5
Ro 41-1049	decreases activity, affects binding	4
Clorgyline	increases degradation, decreases activity, decreases reaction	4
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	3
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases expression, increases methylation	3
Cisplatin	affects expression, affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases reaction	3
Dexamethasone	increases expression, decreases reaction	3
Progesterone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	3
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	decreases expression, increases expression	3
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression, affects expression, decreases activity	3
Aflatoxin B1	decreases expression, decreases methylation, increases methylation	3
Cadmium Chloride	decreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression	3
bisphenol A	affects cotreatment, increases methylation, increases expression	2
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases expression	2
sarpogrelate	decreases reaction, increases expression	2
entinostat	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
bisphenol S	increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases methylation	2
Arsenic Trioxide	increases expression	2
Troglitazone	decreases activity, increases expression	2
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance	2
Carbamazepine	affects expression, increases expression	2
Diethylstilbestrol	increases expression	2
Disulfiram	affects binding, decreases expression, decreases reaction, increases metabolic processing	2
Phenylmercuric Acetate	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	2
Zeranol	increases expression	2
Thapsigargin	decreases expression	2
beta-Naphthoflavone	decreases expression	2
Moclobemide	decreases amination, decreases reaction, decreases activity	2

ChEMBL screening assays

1269 unique, capped per target: 1213 binding, 36 admet, 14 toxicity, 6 functional

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL1003726	Binding	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A assessed as hydrogen peroxide production	Chalcones: a valid scaffold for monoamine oxidases inhibitors. — J Med Chem
CHEMBL2327762	ADMET	Inhibition of human MAO-A assessed as residual activity at 10 uM	Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new piperidine substituted (5R)-[1,2,3]triazolylmethyl and (5R)-[(4-F-[1,2,3]triazolyl)methyl] oxazolidinones. — Bioorg Med Chem Lett
CHEMBL5049165	Toxicity	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in supersomes assessed as inhibition of 4-hydroxyquinoline formation using kynuramine as substrate by spectrofluorimetric analysis	Probing Fluorinated Motifs onto Dual AChE-MAO B Inhibitors: Rational Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Early-ADME Studies. — J Med Chem

Cellosaurus cell lines

3 cell lines: 2 cancer cell line, 1 transformed cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_D7GW	Ubigene HEK293T MAOA KO	Transformed cell line	Female
CVCL_SW27	HAP1 MAOA (-) 1	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_SW28	HAP1 MAOA (-) 2	Cancer cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

197 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT05657860	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Guanfacine Extended Release for the Reduction of Aggression and Self-injurious Behavior Associated With Prader-Willi Syndrome
NCT05744479	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Metformin for Antipsychotic-induced Weight Gain in Adults With Intellectual Disability
NCT06107829	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Valbenazine Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia in Adults With Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities
NCT06997198	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Deutetrabenazine Treatment for Tardive Dyskinesia in Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities
NCT02270736	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Clinical Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of NT 201 Compared to Placebo in the Treatment of Chronic Troublesome Drooling Associated With Neurological Disorders and/or Intellectual Disability
NCT02304302	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Down Syndrome Memantine Follow-up Study
NCT03862950	PHASE2	COMPLETED	A Trial of Metformin in Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome (Met)
NCT04529226	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Study to Compare Clozapine vs Treatment as Usual in People With Intellectual Disability & Treatment-resistant Psychosis
NCT04821856	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Cannabidiol in Treating Severe Behavioural Problems in Children and Adolescents With Intellectual Disability
NCT05273320	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Clinical Trial of Nabilone for Aggression in Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
NCT05301361	PHASE1	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Sensitivity of the NIH Toolbox to Stimulant Treatment in Intellectual Disabilities
NCT06016764	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Use of MRI and cTBS for Catatonia in Autism
NCT06586827	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Impact of Competency-Based Training and Technical Assistance Employment Outcomes of Individuals With ID/DD
NCT07531940	PHASE1	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Escalating Doses of Memantine in Down Syndrome (MEDS-123)
NCT03479476	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Trial of Metformin in Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome
NCT02616796	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Effects of Social Gaze Training on Brain and Behavior in Fragile X Syndrome
NCT06860672	EARLY_PHASE1	RECRUITING	Clinical Trial of the Dual Vector Base Editor for the Treatment of the CHD3-R1025W Mutation
NCT00597948	Not specified	COMPLETED	Healthy Lifestyles for People With Intellectual Disabilities
NCT01087320	Not specified	RECRUITING	Genome Medical Sequencing for Gene Discovery
NCT01652963	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Picture-based Computerised Assessment and Training of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Skills
NCT01695395	Not specified	COMPLETED	Mental Health Care Provision for Adults With Intellectual Disability and a Mental Disorder
NCT01867554	Not specified	COMPLETED	Research and Characterization of New Genes Involved in Intellectual Disability
NCT01915381	Not specified	COMPLETED	Improving Adherence Healthy Lifestyle With a Smartphone Application Based on Adults With Intellectual Disabilities
NCT01988623	Not specified	COMPLETED	Pivotal Response Treatment for Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities
NCT02099773	Not specified	COMPLETED	Support Staff-client Interactions With Augmentative and Alternative Communication
NCT02136849	Not specified	COMPLETED	Inter-regional Project of the Great Western Exploration Approach for Exome Molecular Causes Severe Intellectual Disability Isolated or Syndromic
NCT02225041	Not specified	COMPLETED	Sedation Strategy and Cognitive Outcome After Critical Illness in Early Childhood
NCT02414438	Not specified	COMPLETED	Establishing the Clinical Utility of First StepDx PLUS and NextStepDx PLUS Study
NCT02451761	Not specified	COMPLETED	Apparently Balanced Chromosomal Translocation/ Next-generation Sequencing/ Intellectual Disability
NCT02461420	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Mapping the Genotype, Phenotype, and Natural History of Phelan-McDermid Syndrome
NCT02461459	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Intellectual Disability (ID) Determinants in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)
NCT02486081	Not specified	COMPLETED	Development and Application-Smart Football for Movement Evaluation and Training in the Special Education Population
NCT02504502	Not specified	COMPLETED	Enhancing Genomic Laboratory Reports to Enhance Communication and Empower Patients
NCT02513277	Not specified	COMPLETED	Diabetes Screening & Prevention for People With Learning (Intellectual) Disabilities:STOP Diabetes Study
NCT02561754	Not specified	COMPLETED	Weight Management for Adolescents With IDD
NCT02591446	Not specified	COMPLETED	Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies in Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT02714868	Not specified	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Project TEAM (Teens Making Environmental and Activity Modifications)
NCT02721394	Not specified	UNKNOWN	FCT With Young Children With ID in the UK: A Feasibility Project V.1
NCT02746614	Not specified	COMPLETED	Psychomotor Therapy Effects in Adaptive Behavior and Motor Proficiency in Intellectual Disability
NCT02836405	Not specified	COMPLETED	TMS for the Investigation of Brain Plasticity in Autism Spectrum Disorders