MED1

gene
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Also known as PBPTRAP220RB18ADRIP230CRSP200CRSP1

Summary

MED1 (mediator complex subunit 1, HGNC:9234) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 17q12, encoding Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 1 (Q15648). Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. It is a selective cancer dependency (DepMap: 64.3% of cell lines).

The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. It also regulates p53-dependent apoptosis and it is essential for adipogenesis. This protein is known to have the ability to self-oligomerize.

Source: NCBI Gene 5469 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 14
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 179 total
  • Druggable target: yes — 1 molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity
  • Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 64.3% of screened cell lines
  • Transcription factor: yes — 17 downstream targets (CollecTRI)
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_004774

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:9234
Approved symbolMED1
Namemediator complex subunit 1
Location17q12
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesPBP, TRAP220, RB18A, DRIP230, CRSP200, CRSP1
Ensembl geneENSG00000125686
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM604311
Entrez5469

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 6 — 3 protein_coding, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000300651, ENST00000394287, ENST00000577831, ENST00000581334, ENST00000584308, ENST00000868127

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_004774 NM_004774

CCDS: CCDS11336

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000300651 — 17 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000011114363944062339440677
ENSE000011114603944038639440518
ENSE000013038973940428539410721
ENSE000013175423944779839447904
ENSE000027243553945103839451263
ENSE000034765943941502639415131
ENSE000034959323942369739423821
ENSE000035389223941971739419918
ENSE000035698833942462739424738
ENSE000035729923944355039443628
ENSE000035865823941524439415339
ENSE000035918013943916539439193
ENSE000035967373942770139427790
ENSE000036351883943424939434320
ENSE000036560803943111539431188
ENSE000036795023942332739423445
ENSE000036798583943194239432016

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 292 present calls, max score 95.02.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 10.4403 / max 125.1591, expressed in 1778 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
16560110.15811778
1656000.2822117

Top tissues by expression

298 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
tendon of biceps brachiiUBERON:000818895.02gold quality
nippleUBERON:000203094.73gold quality
visceral pleuraUBERON:000240193.30gold quality
lower lobe of lungUBERON:000894992.96gold quality
mucosa of paranasal sinusUBERON:000503092.66gold quality
tongue squamous epitheliumUBERON:000691992.49silver quality
superficial temporal arteryUBERON:000161492.41gold quality
parietal pleuraUBERON:000240092.28gold quality
trabecular bone tissueUBERON:000248391.91gold quality
penisUBERON:000098991.59gold quality
pleuraUBERON:000097791.38gold quality
buccal mucosa cellCL:000233691.25gold quality
pylorusUBERON:000116690.75gold quality
cauda epididymisUBERON:000436090.71gold quality
caput epididymisUBERON:000435890.64gold quality
jejunal mucosaUBERON:000039990.59gold quality
mammalian vulvaUBERON:000099790.57gold quality
oral cavityUBERON:000016790.46gold quality
mammary ductUBERON:000176590.34gold quality
renal medullaUBERON:000036290.22gold quality
corpus epididymisUBERON:000435990.19gold quality
urethraUBERON:000005790.02gold quality
epithelium of mammary glandUBERON:000324489.97gold quality
medial globus pallidusUBERON:000247789.70gold quality
esophagus squamous epitheliumUBERON:000692089.70gold quality
pericardiumUBERON:000240789.56gold quality
epithelium of nasopharynxUBERON:000195189.48gold quality
jejunumUBERON:000211589.47gold quality
nasopharynxUBERON:000172889.46gold quality
tibiaUBERON:000097989.06gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3yes6.78

Regulation

Is transcription factor: yes

Downstream targets (CollecTRI)

17 targets.

TargetRegulation
ANKRD37
ARUnknown
AURKAActivation
CRABP2Repression
FLGActivation
GREB1
IRF8Activation
IVLActivation
KRT1Activation
KRT10Activation
LORICRINActivation
RARBRepression
STC2
SULT2A1Activation
THRAActivation
UBE2CUnknown
VDRUnknown

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AR, EGF, ESR1, GATA6, NCOA1, NCOA3, NFKB, NR1H4, PAX1, RARA, RELA, STAT3, VDR, ZFPM1

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

191 targeting MED1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-188-3P100.0068.761240
HSA-MIR-3613-3P100.0076.367965
HSA-MIR-5692A100.0074.406850
HSA-MIR-1277-5P100.0073.955056
HSA-MIR-1252-5P100.0069.802774
HSA-MIR-3162-3P100.0065.37363
HSA-MIR-8485100.0077.574731
HSA-MIR-366299.9973.825684
HSA-MIR-520G-5P99.9966.76658
HSA-MIR-548C-3P99.9974.017587
HSA-MIR-4482-3P99.9872.503147
HSA-MIR-520D-5P99.9873.344883
HSA-MIR-524-5P99.9873.434882
HSA-MIR-314899.9775.066478
HSA-MIR-3688-3P99.9772.022834
HSA-MIR-807599.9767.20962
HSA-MIR-548AA99.9670.643753
HSA-MIR-548AP-3P99.9670.643753
HSA-MIR-548T-3P99.9670.643753
HSA-MIR-495-3P99.9672.814197
HSA-MIR-568899.9673.234504
HSA-MIR-548AJ-3P99.9673.385345
HSA-MIR-548X-3P99.9673.385345
HSA-MIR-146A-5P99.9668.93988
HSA-MIR-146B-5P99.9669.13977
HSA-MIR-1250-3P99.9670.044038
HSA-MIR-493-5P99.9672.472382
HSA-MIR-426799.9666.532368
HSA-MIR-570-3P99.9672.414910
HSA-MIR-96-5P99.9572.802140

Functional genomics

DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 64.3% of screened cell lines.

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

  • regulates p53-dependent apoptosis (PMID:11840331)
  • Interaction of PIMT with transcriptional coactivators CBP, p300, and PBP differential role in transcriptional regulation (PMID:11912212)
  • MED1/TRAP220 is the nuclear receptor-interacting subunit of the Mediator complex and is required for PPARgamma-stimulated adipogenesis. (PMID:12037571)
  • spermine significantly enhanced the interaction between HNF4alpha and full-length DRIP205 in an AF-2, NR-box-dependent manner. Spermine enhanced the interaction of DRIP205 with the VDR , but decreased the interaction of both HNF4alpha and VDR with GRIP1 (PMID:12089346)
  • TFIID and human mediator coactivator (TRAP220) complexes assemble cooperatively on promoter DNA (PMID:12130544)
  • there is a coregulatory role for subunits of this protein in androgen receptor-mediated gene expression (PMID:12218053)
  • examination of regulation by cellular signaling pathways (PMID:12356758)
  • extended LXXLL motif sequence determines the nuclear receptor binding specificity (PMID:12556447)
  • DRIP205 has a role as a coactivator of FXR (PMID:15187081)
  • DRIP205 coactivation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) involves multiple domains of both proteins (PMID:15471764)
  • RB18A plays a central role to control p53wt and p53mut protein content and functions in cells through a loop of regulation, which involves MDM2 (PMID:15848166)
  • MED1 exists predominantly in a TRAP/Mediator subpopulation enriched in RNA polymerase II and is required for ER-mediated transcription. (PMID:15989967)
  • MED14 and MED1 are used by glucocorticoid receptor in a gene-specific manner, providing a mechanism for promoter selectivity by glucocorticoid receptor (PMID:16239257)
  • ERK-mediated phosphorylation is a regulatory mechanism that controls TRAP220/Med1 expression levels and modulates its functional activity. (PMID:16314496)
  • TRAP220/MED1 plays a novel coregulatory role in facilitating the recruitment of TRAP/Mediator to specific target genes involved in growth and cell cycle progression via GABP (PMID:16574658)
  • Med1 depleted cells exhibited an exacerbated response to retinoids, both in terms transcriptional responses and of cellular differentiation. (PMID:16723356)
  • Expression of TRAP220 mRNA and protein was shown to be decreased significantly in the temporal cortex of patients with epilepsy. (PMID:16934225)
  • Both DRIP205 and SRC-3 are required for the keratinocyte differentiation (PMID:17223341)
  • Recruitment of CBP and TRAP220 was diminished by the overexpression of a MED25 NR box deletion mutant, and by treatment with MED25 siRNA (PMID:17641689)
  • phosphorylation of RXRalpha at serine 260 impaired the recruitment of DRIP205 and other coactivators to the VDR.RXRalpha complex (PMID:18003614)
  • ERK-regulated site in Med1 protein is also essential for up-regulating interferon-induced transcription although not critical for binding to C/EBP-beta (PMID:18339625)
  • ERK phosphorylation of MED1 is a regulatory mechanism that promotes MED1 association with Mediator and, as such, may facilitate a novel feed-forward action of nuclear hormones (PMID:18391015)
  • Decreased MED1 transcript levels are observed in matched normal mucosa when compared with colorectal and ovarian cancers. (PMID:19127118)
  • a decrease of RB18A/MED1 expression in human melanoma cells increases their tumorigenic phenotype. (PMID:19243021)
  • MED1 and GATA-6 are key regulators of SULT2A1 expression, and they play important roles in adrenal androgen production. (PMID:19497978)
  • Loss of Med1 expression directly correlates with a loss of dapk1 expression in a number of human lung cancers and cancer cell lines. (PMID:19521987)
  • Results show that the cells of this aggressive form of breast cancer are genetically preprogrammed to depend on NR1D1 and PBP for the energy production necessary for survival. (PMID:20160030)
  • analysis of molecular mechanism of binding TRAP220 coactivator to Retinoid X Receptor alpha, activated by 9-cis retinoic acid (PMID:20398753)
  • Vitamin D receptor rs2228570 polymorphism is associated with invasive ovarian carcinoma. (PMID:20473893)
  • The core subunit MED1 facilitates VDR activity and regulating keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation (PMID:20520624)
  • analysis of mediator in three different structural states: bound to the activator SREBP-1a, VP16, or an activator-free state (PMID:20534441)
  • Studies indicate that the activation domain of p53 (p53AD) binds directly to the MED17 subunit of Mediator, whereas the p53 C-terminal domain (p53CTD) binds the MED1 subunit. (PMID:21326907)
  • establish ARGLU1 as a new MED1-interacting protein required for estrogen-dependent gene transcription and breast cancer cell growth. (PMID:21454576)
  • MED1 phosphorylation leads to ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) locus looping, UBE2C gene expression and cell growth in castration-resistant prostate cancer. (PMID:21556051)
  • Regulation of androgen receptor-dependent transcription by coactivator MED1 is mediated through a newly discovered noncanonical binding motif. (PMID:22102282)
  • functional communications between the MED1 subunit and the MED24-containing submodule that mediate estrogen receptor functions and growth of both normal mammary epithelial cells and breast carcinoma cells. (PMID:22331469)
  • Med1 (also known as PBP/RB18A/TRAP220/DRIP205) is a component of the human TRAP/Mediator complex that plays an important role in the transcriptional control of various genes (PMID:22342682)
  • These results suggest that Mediator structural shifts induced by activator binding help stably orient pol II prior to transcription initiation within the human mediator-RNA polymerase II-TFIIF assembly. (PMID:22343046)
  • MiR-205 is an epigenetically regulated tumor suppressor that targets MED1. (PMID:22869146)
  • MED1 is recruited to the HER2 gene and required for its expression. (PMID:22964581)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriomed1ENSDARG00000075340
mus_musculusMed1ENSMUSG00000018160
rattus_norvegicusMed1ENSRNOG00000005606
drosophila_melanogasterMED1FBGN0037109

Protein

Protein identifiers

Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 1Q15648 (reviewed: Q15648)

Alternative names: Activator-recruited cofactor 205 kDa component, Mediator complex subunit 1, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-binding protein, Thyroid hormone receptor-associated protein complex 220 kDa component, Thyroid receptor-interacting protein 2, Vitamin D receptor-interacting protein complex component DRIP205, p53 regulatory protein RB18A

All UniProt accessions (3): Q15648, J3KSD7, J3QKZ7

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. Acts as a coactivator for GATA1-mediated transcriptional activation during erythroid differentiation of K562 erythroleukemia cells.

Subunit / interactions. Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP. This subunit specifically interacts with a number of nuclear receptors in a ligand-dependent fashion including AR, ESR1, ESR2, PPARA, PPARG, RORA, RXRA, RXRG, THRA, THRB and VDR. Interacts with CTNNB1, GABPA, GLI3, PPARGC1A and TP53. Interacts with YWHAH. Interacts with CLOCK; this interaction requires the presence of THRAP3. Interacts with GATA1 and CCAR1. Interacts with NR4A3. Interacts (via IBM motif) with PSIP1 (via IBD domain); phosphorylation increases its affinity for PSIP1. Interacts with USP22. Interacts with PRDM16; promoting recruitment of the Mediator complex to chromatin and activation of genes that are highly expressed in brown adipocytes.

Subcellular location. Nucleus.

Tissue specificity. Ubiquitously expressed.

Post-translational modifications. Phosphorylated by MAPK1 or MAPK3 during G2/M phase which may enhance protein stability and promote entry into the nucleolus. Phosphorylation increases its interaction with PSIP1.

Similarity. Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 1 family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
Q15648-11yes
Q15648-32

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_004765* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR019680Mediator_Med1Domain
IPR051999Mediator_complex_subunit_1Family

Pfam: PF10744

UniProt features (127 total): modified residue 26, helix 18, compositionally biased region 18, strand 17, region of interest 14, mutagenesis site 14, sequence conflict 12, short sequence motif 3, splice variant 2, sequence variant 2, chain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

84 structures, top 30 by resolution.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
9IWMX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.39
9VOGX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.43
9M1DX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.44
9M1CX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.67
9M13X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.68
2O4JX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.74
9VOLX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.75
9M1BX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.77
9M1AX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.78
3W0HX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.8
6K5OX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.8
3AUNX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.81
9M17X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.81
3W0JX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.84
9M12X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.86
5B41X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.89
1RKGX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.9
3VRVX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.9
3W0IX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.9
3W5PX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.9
3W5QX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.9
3WT5X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.9
6D94X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.9
7C7WX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.9
3VJSX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.93
9VOIX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.93
9VOJX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.93
3W0GX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.94
7VQPX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.94
5XPNX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.96

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q15648-F150.910.10

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (26): 588, 664, 795, 805, 887, 953, 1032, 1051, 1057, 1156, 1177, 1207, 1215, 1223, 1302, 1347, 1403, 1433, 1440, 1457 …

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (14):

PositionPhenotype
599–612enhances interaction with esr1.
600–612enhances interaction with esr1.
604impairs interaction with esr2; when associated with a-607; a-645 and a-648.
607–608impairs interaction with esr1, pparg, rxra and thrb. impairs interaction with thra; when associated with 648-a-a-649.
607impairs interaction with esr2; when associated with a-604; a-645 and a-648.
639–653enhances interaction with esr1.
645impairs interaction with esr2; when associated with a-604; a-607 and a-648.
648–649impairs interaction with esr1, pparg, thrb and vdr. impairs interaction with thra; when associated with 607-a-a-608.
648impairs interaction with esr2; when associated with a-604; a-607 and a-645.
886increased interaction with psip1; when associated with d-887 or d-887 and d-889.
887phosphomimetic mutant. increased interaction with psip1; when associated with d-886 or d-886 and d-889.
889increased interaction with psip1; when associated with d-886 and d-887.
1032enhances protein stability; when associated with a-1457.
1457enhances protein stability; when associated with a-1032.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

41 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-1368108BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian expression
R-HSA-1989781PPARA activates gene expression
R-HSA-212436Generic Transcription Pathway
R-HSA-2151201Transcriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis
R-HSA-2426168Activation of gene expression by SREBF (SREBP)
R-HSA-381340Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation
R-HSA-383280Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway
R-HSA-400206Regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARalpha
R-HSA-9018519Estrogen-dependent gene expression
R-HSA-9707564Cytoprotection by HMOX1
R-HSA-9707616Heme signaling
R-HSA-9833110RSV-host interactions
R-HSA-9841922MLL4 and MLL3 complexes regulate expression of PPARG target genes in adipogenesis and hepatic steatosis
R-HSA-9931509Expression of BMAL (ARNTL), CLOCK, and NPAS2
R-HSA-9933387RORA,B,C and NR1D1 (REV-ERBA) regulate gene expression
R-HSA-1266738Developmental Biology
R-HSA-1368082
R-HSA-1430728Metabolism
R-HSA-1592230Mitochondrial biogenesis
R-HSA-162582Signal Transduction
R-HSA-1643685Disease
R-HSA-1655829Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBP (SREBF)
R-HSA-1852241Organelle biogenesis and maintenance
R-HSA-212165Epigenetic regulation of gene expression
R-HSA-2262752Cellular responses to stress
R-HSA-400253
R-HSA-556833Metabolism of lipids
R-HSA-5663205Infectious disease
R-HSA-73857RNA Polymerase II Transcription
R-HSA-74160Gene expression (Transcription)

MSigDB gene sets: 482 (showing top): GOBP_MYELOID_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, GOBP_CARDIAC_CHAMBER_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_EPITHELIAL_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_EPITHELIAL_CELL_PROLIFERATION, REACTOME_TRANSCRIPTIONAL_REGULATION_OF_WHITE_ADIPOCYTE_DIFFERENTIATION, GOBP_MORPHOGENESIS_OF_AN_EPITHELIUM, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_HEPATOCYTE_PROLIFERATION, GOBP_PHENOL_CONTAINING_COMPOUND_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_HEPATICOBILIARY_SYSTEM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_EMBRYONIC_HEMOPOIESIS, GOBP_EMBRYO_DEVELOPMENT_ENDING_IN_BIRTH_OR_EGG_HATCHING, AAGCAAT_MIR137, GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_MAMMARY_GLAND_MORPHOGENESIS, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_NEURON_DIFFERENTIATION

GO Biological Process (62): negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122), cell morphogenesis (GO:0000902), angiogenesis (GO:0001525), liver development (GO:0001889), embryonic placenta development (GO:0001892), lens development in camera-type eye (GO:0002088), thyroid hormone receptor signaling pathway (GO:0002154), ventricular trabecula myocardium morphogenesis (GO:0003222), retinal pigment epithelium development (GO:0003406), regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006357), thyroid hormone generation (GO:0006590), protein import into nucleus (GO:0006606), androgen biosynthetic process (GO:0006702), brain development (GO:0007420), lactation (GO:0007595), positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628), negative regulation of keratinocyte proliferation (GO:0010839), protein ubiquitination (GO:0016567), keratinocyte differentiation (GO:0030216), monocyte differentiation (GO:0030224), nuclear receptor-mediated steroid hormone signaling pathway (GO:0030518), animal organ regeneration (GO:0031100), positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II (GO:0032968), positive regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway (GO:0033148), embryonic heart tube development (GO:0035050), embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis (GO:0035116), embryonic hemopoiesis (GO:0035162), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway (GO:0035357), cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus (GO:0035729), megakaryocyte development (GO:0035855), mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0042789), negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066), G0 to G1 transition (GO:0045023), fat cell differentiation (GO:0045444), positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiation (GO:0045618), positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation (GO:0045648), negative regulation of neuron differentiation (GO:0045665), positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893), positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944), erythrocyte development (GO:0048821)

GO Molecular Function (23): RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978), transcription coactivator binding (GO:0001223), chromatin binding (GO:0003682), transcription coregulator activity (GO:0003712), transcription coactivator activity (GO:0003713), transcription corepressor activity (GO:0003714), nuclear receptor binding (GO:0016922), nuclear estrogen receptor binding (GO:0030331), chromatin DNA binding (GO:0031490), histone acetyltransferase binding (GO:0035035), nuclear vitamin D receptor binding (GO:0042809), nuclear retinoic acid receptor binding (GO:0042974), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor binding (GO:0042975), protein-containing complex binding (GO:0044877), nuclear thyroid hormone receptor binding (GO:0046966), LBD domain binding (GO:0050693), ubiquitin protein ligase activity (GO:0061630), general transcription initiation factor binding (GO:0140296), DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0140297), promoter-specific chromatin binding (GO:1990841), DNA binding (GO:0003677), protein binding (GO:0005515), RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0061629)

GO Cellular Component (9): ubiquitin ligase complex (GO:0000151), chromatin (GO:0000785), nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), nucleolus (GO:0005730), membrane (GO:0016020), mediator complex (GO:0016592), protein-DNA complex (GO:0032993), core mediator complex (GO:0070847)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-14 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Circadian clock3
Regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARalpha1
RNA Polymerase II Transcription1
Mitochondrial biogenesis1
Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBP (SREBF)1
Adipogenesis1
Generic Transcription Pathway1
Metabolism of lipids1
ESR-mediated signaling1
Cellular response to chemical stress1
Cellular responses to stress1
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Pathway1
Epigenetic regulation of adipogenesis genes by MLL3 and MLL4 complexes1
Organelle biogenesis and maintenance1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
nuclear receptor binding4
cellular anatomical structure3
transcription by RNA polymerase II2
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription2
binding2
transcription coregulator activity2
chromatin binding2
transcription factor binding2
nuclear lumen2
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II1
anatomical structure morphogenesis1
blood vessel morphogenesis1
anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis1
gland development1
hepaticobiliary system development1
in utero embryonic development1
placenta development1
embryonic organ development1
camera-type eye development1
anatomical structure development1
hormone-mediated signaling pathway1
nuclear receptor-mediated signaling pathway1
ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis1
heart trabecula morphogenesis1
retina development in camera-type eye1
epithelium development1
regulation of DNA-templated transcription1
thyroid hormone metabolic process1
intracellular protein transport1
protein localization to nucleus1
import into nucleus1
establishment of protein localization to organelle1
androgen metabolic process1
hormone biosynthetic process1
steroid hormone biosynthetic process1
central nervous system development1
animal organ development1
head development1
body fluid secretion1
mammary gland development1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

4954 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
MED1MED24O75448972
MED1PPARGP37231961
MED1MED14O60244961
MED1ESR1P03372934
MED1MED17Q9NVC6875
MED1MED23Q9ULK4850
MED1NCOA1Q15788827
MED1MED12Q93074791
MED1GATA1P15976786
MED1MED26O95402781
MED1GTF2A1P52655781
MED1CCNCP24863771
MED1TP53P04637759
MED1MED4Q9NPJ6741
MED1NCOA6Q14686733

IntAct

207 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
CDK8MED1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.920
CDK8MED1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.920
MED10MED19psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.910
MED10MED19psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.910
CDK8MED14psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.900
MED4MED19psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)0.900
MED4MED19psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.900
MED29MED19psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.890
MED21MED19psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.880
CDK8MED19psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)0.850
CDK8MED19psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.850

BioGRID (598): MED1 (Protein-peptide), MED1 (Co-crystal Structure), MED1 (Reconstituted Complex), PPARG (Reconstituted Complex), MED1 (Two-hybrid), MED1 (Protein-peptide), MED1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MED1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MED1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MED1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MED1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MED1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MED1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MED1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MED1 (Co-fractionation)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0JP85, A1A5H6, A2AGH6, A2RRV3, A5GFY4, A5YKK6, B1AY13, E9Q8I9, O55007, O75448, O94915, O95155, Q0KK59, Q15648, Q24134, Q2PW47, Q2QCI8, Q4V8B3, Q5F3M0, Q5RCU2, Q5RES4, Q5RFA0, Q5TBA9, Q642P2, Q6GLR7, Q6GYP7, Q6GYQ0, Q6P4S8, Q6PI53, Q6ZQ08, Q7YQK8, Q80TJ1, Q80X82, Q80YV3, Q86YW9, Q8BL99, Q8BQM9, Q8IXH7, Q8N201, Q922L6

Diamond homologs: A1L0Z0, Q15648, Q172G3, Q5RES4, Q6INP8, Q925J9, Q9VP05

SIGNOR signaling

7 interactions.

AEffectBMechanism
MAPK1up-regulatesMED1phosphorylation
MED1“form complex”“Core mediator complex”binding
Gbetaup-regulatesMED1phosphorylation
ERK1/2up-regulatesMED1phosphorylation
MAPK3up-regulatesMED1phosphorylation

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 105 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Pathway2868.1×9e-45
Adipogenesis3057.9×2e-45
FGFR2 mutant receptor activation656.4×1e-08
RSV-host interactions2854.1×3e-41
Regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARalpha3154.0×1e-45
Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation3352.9×4e-48
Epigenetic regulation of adipogenesis genes by MLL3 and MLL4 complexes1745.2×5e-23
Signaling by FGFR2 IIIa TM644.5×3e-08

GO biological processes:

GO termPartnersFoldFDR
positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II2577.6×4e-40
RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly2672.9×1e-40
positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II2672.9×1e-40
intracellular receptor signaling pathway771.5×3e-10
cellular response to estrogen stimulus548.3×3e-06
retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway640.1×5e-07
transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter1038.6×9e-12
mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II1034.1×3e-11

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

179 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance156
Likely benign9
Benign1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

0 predictions. Top by Δscore:

AlphaMissense

10459 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
17:39408046:A:CI1392S1.000
17:39408046:A:GI1392T1.000
17:39408292:A:GL1310P1.000
17:39408304:A:TV1306D1.000
17:39408313:A:CL1303W1.000
17:39408313:A:GL1303S1.000
17:39410278:A:GL648P1.000
17:39410287:A:GL645P1.000
17:39410287:A:TL645H1.000
17:39410410:A:GL604P1.000
17:39410410:A:TL604H1.000
17:39410677:G:TA515D1.000
17:39410678:C:GA515P1.000
17:39410686:C:GR512P1.000
17:39410689:A:TI511N1.000
17:39410692:G:TA510D1.000
17:39410693:C:GA510P1.000
17:39415046:G:CF493L1.000
17:39415046:G:TF493L1.000
17:39415048:A:GF493L1.000
17:39415058:G:CC489W1.000
17:39415059:C:TC489Y1.000
17:39415060:A:GC489R1.000
17:39415269:G:CH456Q1.000
17:39415269:G:TH456Q1.000
17:39415270:T:CH456R1.000
17:39415275:A:CF454L1.000
17:39415275:A:TF454L1.000
17:39415276:A:GF454S1.000
17:39415277:A:GF454L1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000135705 (17:39430655 T>C), RS1000226222 (17:39429414 G>C), RS1000361938 (17:39416924 C>A,T), RS1000434360 (17:39419465 T>A), RS1000504304 (17:39443062 C>A,T), RS1000516286 (17:39435493 A>G,T), RS1000534723 (17:39447155 C>T), RS1000594305 (17:39438470 G>C), RS1000622001 (17:39442382 G>C), RS1000644325 (17:39412514 A>C), RS1000726222 (17:39429093 G>A,C), RS1000736673 (17:39435780 C>T), RS1000745865 (17:39432184 A>G), RS1000912188 (17:39411356 C>G,T), RS1000981178 (17:39406078 C>G,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:604311 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (2): prostate cancer (MONDO:0008315), intellectual disability (MONDO:0001071)

Orphanet (2): Familial prostate cancer (Orphanet:1331), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Unexplained intellectual disability (Orphanet:319658)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

14 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST000624_15Ulcerative colitis3.000000e-08
GCST002318_79Rheumatoid arthritis2.000000e-08
GCST002463_23Systemic lupus erythematosus7.000000e-07
GCST005984_41Glomerular filtration rate4.000000e-14
GCST005985_16Creatinine levels9.000000e-13
GCST006291_14Spherical equivalent or myopia (age of diagnosis)3.000000e-08
GCST006483_60Lung function (FVC)1.000000e-08
GCST006959_173Rheumatoid arthritis1.000000e-08
GCST007344_86Estimated glomerular filtration rate2.000000e-24
GCST008916_10Asthma5.000000e-09
GCST008916_21Asthma2.000000e-62
GCST008916_45Asthma3.000000e-10
GCST008916_86Asthma2.000000e-14
GCST010002_123Refractive error1.000000e-24

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0004847age at onset
EFO:0004312vital capacity

MeSH disease descriptors (2)

DescriptorNameTree numbers
D008607Intellectual DisabilityC10.597.606.360; C23.888.592.604.646; F01.700.687; F03.625.539
D011471Prostatic NeoplasmsC04.588.945.440.770; C12.100.500.260.750; C12.100.500.565.625; C12.200.294.260.750; C12.200.294.565.625; C12.200.758.409.750; C12.900.619.750

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL5724624 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

Molecules with ChEMBL bioactivity

1 molecules (phase ≥1), by development phase (incl. off-target/promiscuous compounds). Patent mentions across the top 20 by phase: 1,538 (via chembl_molecule»patent_compound — counts attach to the compound, not the gene–compound relationship, so off-target/promiscuous molecules can dominate).

MoleculeNamePhasePatents
CHEMBL1232461MOLIBRESIB21,538

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

ChEMBL bioactivities

2 potent at pChembl≥5 of 2 total, top 2 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChemblTypeValueUnitMolecule
6.68Kd207nMMOLIBRESIB
6.60IC50250nMMOLIBRESIB

PubChem BioAssay actives

2 with measured affinity, of 11 total; 1 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

CompoundAssayTypeValueUnit
2-[(4S)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepin-4-yl]-N-ethylacetamide2179214: Binding affinity against MED1 (unknown origin) assessed as apparent dissociation constant incubated for 1 hr by colloidal coomassie staining based LC-MS/MS analysiskd0.2070uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

68 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Estradioldecreases reaction, affects binding, increases reaction, increases expression4
Rifampinaffects binding, increases activity, increases reaction, decreases expression3
pirinixic acidaffects binding, increases activity, increases expression, increases reaction2
bisphenol Aaffects binding, affects folding, decreases reaction, increases activity, increases reaction2
INT 131affects binding, decreases reaction2
bisphenol Saffects binding, affects folding, decreases reaction, increases reaction2
bisphenol AFaffects binding, affects folding, decreases reaction2
Rosiglitazoneaffects binding, decreases reaction2
Tretinoinincreases reaction, decreases expression, affects binding2
FR900359affects phosphorylation1
butambenaffects binding, increases reaction1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
alfacalcidolaffects binding, increases reaction1
arseniteincreases expression, decreases reaction1
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalateaffects binding, increases reaction1
sodium arsenitedecreases expression1
potassium bromatedecreases phosphorylation1
coumarinincreases phosphorylation1
phenothiazineaffects binding, decreases reaction1
phthalic acidaffects binding, increases reaction1
4-aminophenylarsenoxideaffects binding, decreases reaction1
sulconazoleaffects binding, increases reaction1
dicyclohexyl phthalateaffects binding, increases reaction1
26,26,26,27,27,27-hexafluoro-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3affects binding, increases reaction1
testosterone-3-carboxymethyloxime-bovine serum albumin conjugateaffects expression1
clemizoleaffects binding, increases reaction1
cylindrospermopsinincreases expression1
2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-onedecreases phosphorylation1
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin Daffects binding, affects cotreatment, increases reaction1
dihydroxy-vitamin D3affects binding, increases reaction1

ChEMBL screening assays

11 unique, capped per target: 11 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay IDTypeDescriptionSource paper
CHEMBL5675845BindingInhibition of MED1 in human TPC1 cells assessed as reduction of MED11 binding to all active RUNX2 regulatory elements (ENH11,ENH13) at 1 uM by ChIP analysisRUNX2 expression in thyroid and breast cancer requires the cooperation of three non-redundant enhancers under the control of BRD4 and c-JUN. — Nucleic Acids Res

Cellosaurus cell lines

5 cell lines: 5 spontaneously immortalized cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_KY79PathHunter CHO-K1 PPARalpha Protein InteractionSpontaneously immortalized cell lineFemale
CVCL_KY80PathHunter CHO-K1 PPARdelta Protein InteractionSpontaneously immortalized cell lineFemale
CVCL_KY81PathHunter CHO-K1 PPARgamma Protein InteractionSpontaneously immortalized cell lineFemale
CVCL_KY92PathHunter CHO-K1 RARalpha Protein InteractionSpontaneously immortalized cell lineFemale
CVCL_KZ21PathHunter CHO-K1 THRbeta Protein InteractionSpontaneously immortalized cell lineFemale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

TrialPhaseStatusTitle
NCT00029224PHASE4COMPLETEDTreatment With Zoledronic Acid in Patients With Breast Cancer, Multiple Myeloma, and Prostate Cancer With Cancer Related Bone Lesions
NCT00035997PHASE4COMPLETEDOpen-label Trial on the Effect of I.V. Zoledronic Acid 4 mg on Bone Density in Hormone Sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients With Bone Metastasis
NCT00063609PHASE4COMPLETEDThe Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Bone Loss in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy
NCT00103623PHASE4SUSPENDEDThe Plenaxis® Experience Study
NCT00106392PHASE4COMPLETEDA Safety and Efficacy Study of Prograf in the Prevention of Erectile Dysfunction After Radical Prostatectomy
NCT00185029PHASE4UNKNOWNMR-Lymphography and Lymph Node Staging in Prostate Cancer
NCT00199485PHASE4COMPLETEDAngelica Sinensis for the Treatment of Hot Flashes in Men Undergoing LHRH Therapy for Prostate Cancer
NCT00219219PHASE4COMPLETEDZoledronic Acid in the Prevention of Skeletal-related Events in Hormone Refractory and Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients With Bone Metastases
NCT00219271PHASE4COMPLETEDEffect Of Zoledronic Acid On Circulating And Bone Marrow-Residing Prostate Cancer Cells In Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
NCT00237146PHASE4COMPLETEDStudy to Evaluate Zoledronic Acid on Quality of Life and Skeletal-related Events as Adjuvant Treatment in Patients With Hormone-naïve Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastasis Who Have Undergone Orchiectomy
NCT00242554PHASE4COMPLETEDOpen-label Phase IV Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of Zoledronic Acid in Patients With Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases
NCT00280098PHASE4COMPLETEDDocetaxel in the Treatment of Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer
NCT00293696PHASE4COMPLETEDCasodex/Zoladex Biomarkers in Localised Prostate Cancer
NCT00334139PHASE4COMPLETEDEffect of Zoledronic Acid on Bone Metabolism in Patients With Bone Metastasis and Prostate or Breast Cancer
NCT00375765PHASE4COMPLETEDEffects On Dihydrotestosterone Regulated Gene Expression In Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Or Prostate Cancer
NCT00391690PHASE4COMPLETEDEvaluation of Bone Markers as Diagnostic Tools for Early Detection of Bone Metastases in Patients With High Risk Prostate Cancer
NCT00422708PHASE4COMPLETEDLocal Anesthesia for Prostate Biopsy
NCT00526331PHASE4COMPLETEDEvaluation of Arterial Pressure Based Cardiac Output for Goal-Directed Perioperative Therapy
NCT00590213PHASE4COMPLETEDCompare the Value of Prophylactic Versus Therapeutic Breast Radiotherapy in CASODEX
NCT00629330PHASE4TERMINATEDDissemination of Prostate Cancer Screening to PCP’s in African American Communities
NCT00771966PHASE4COMPLETEDRadical Prostatectomy and Perioperative Fluid Therapy
NCT00805701PHASE4COMPLETEDStudy Assessing The Efficacy And Safety Of Avodart (Dutasteride) At Improving Urinary Symptoms In Men With Prostate Cancer Who Are Undergoing Seed Implantation
NCT00859027PHASE4COMPLETEDEffect Of Risedronate On Bone Mass In Older Men Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy For Prostate Cancer
NCT00906269PHASE4UNKNOWNCan Hyperbaric Oxygen Improve Erectile Function Following Surgery for Prostate Cancer
NCT00953277PHASE4COMPLETEDStudy of Nerve Reconstruction Using AVANCE in Subjects Who Undergo Robotic Assisted Prostatectomy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer
NCT00982800PHASE4COMPLETEDDoes Postoperative Gabapentin Reduce Pain, Opioid Consumption and Anxiety and Have a Positive Effect on Health Related Quality of Life After Radical Prostatectomy?
NCT01083199PHASE4COMPLETEDGlobal Performance Evaluation of the AMS CONTINUUM™ Device
NCT01136226PHASE4COMPLETEDEvaluate Recovery of Testosterone for Patients Using Eligard
NCT01161563PHASE4COMPLETEDRandomized Crossover Trial to Assess the Tolerability of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Analogue Administration
NCT01230905PHASE4COMPLETEDStudy to Monitor the Effects of Androgen Suppression Treatment on the Heart
NCT01296672PHASE4COMPLETED3 Month Finasteride Challenge Test Can Significantly Improve the Performance of Screening for Prostate Cancer
NCT01365143PHASE4TERMINATEDProspective Randomized Trial Comparing Robotic Versus Open Radical Prostatectomy
NCT01379742PHASE4UNKNOWNComparison of Between ThinSeed™ and OncoSeed™ for Permanent Prostate Brachytherapy
NCT01486563PHASE4COMPLETEDHydroxyethyl Starch and Renal Function After Radical Prostatectomy
NCT01511874PHASE4COMPLETEDEfficacy and Safety Study of ELIGARD 22.5mg With Prostate Cancer
NCT01512472PHASE4TERMINATEDFirmagon (Degarelix) Intermittent Therapy
NCT01547416PHASE4COMPLETEDThe Effect of Combined General/Epidural Anesthesia Versus General Anesthesia on Diaphragmatic Function
NCT01571544PHASE4COMPLETEDThe Use of Thermal Suits as Preventing Hypothermia During Surgery
NCT01581749PHASE4UNKNOWNEvaluation of Truebeam for Low-Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer
NCT01649635PHASE4COMPLETEDStudy of Cabazitaxel Combined With Prednisone and Prophylaxis of Neutropenia Complications in the Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.