MIR1229

Summary

MIR1229 (microRNA 1229, HGNC:33924) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 5q35.3.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 100302156 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:33924
Approved symbol	MIR1229
Name	microRNA 1229
Location	5q35.3
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-1229
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000221394
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
Entrez	100302156
RNAcentral	URS000075D553 — miRNA, 69 nt, 1 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000408467

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000408467 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001565102	179798278	179798346

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 77 present calls, max score 76.10.

Top tissues by expression

77 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
fundus of stomach	UBERON:0001160	76.10	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	75.93	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	75.20	gold quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	75.09	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	74.60	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	72.66	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	72.49	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	72.45	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	71.13	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	70.98	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	70.57	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	70.32	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	70.32	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	70.29	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	70.10	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	69.86	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	69.77	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	69.64	gold quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	69.53	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	69.04	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	69.04	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	68.76	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	68.76	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	68.36	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	67.88	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	67.86	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	67.58	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	67.50	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	67.44	gold quality
Ammon’s horn	UBERON:0001954	67.30	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 10)

• MicroRNA-1229 overexpression is associated with breast cancer. (PMID:26992223)
• Exosomal miR-1229 derived from colorectal cancer cells promotes angiogenesis by targeting HIPK2 (PMID:30936013)
• Circular METRN RNA hsa_circ_0037251 Promotes Glioma Progression by Sponging miR-1229-3p and Regulating mTOR Expression. (PMID:31875034)
• Characterization of a G-Quadruplex Structure in Pre-miRNA-1229 and in Its Alzheimer’s Disease-Associated Variant rs2291418: Implications for miRNA-1229 Maturation. (PMID:31991575)
• Plasma microRNA profiles: identification of miR-1229-3p as a novel chemoresistant and prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer. (PMID:32081926)
• A robust six-miRNA prognostic signature for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:32342519)
• miR-1229-3p as a Prognostic Predictor Facilitates Cell Viability, Migration, and Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. (PMID:34740278)
• Circ_0000442 functions as a tumor repressor in breast cancer by impacting miR-1229-3p and upregulating ZBTB1. (PMID:35394175)
• Circ_0005758 impedes gastric cancer progression through miR-1229-3p/GCNT4 feedback loop. (PMID:35970245)
• Circulating serum miR-1246 and miR-1229 as diagnostic biomarkers in colorectal carcinoma. (PMID:36510992)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.