MIR144

Summary

MIR144 (microRNA 144, HGNC:31531) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 17q11.2.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 406936 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:31531
Approved symbol	MIR144
Name	microRNA 144
Location	17q11.2
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-144
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000283819
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
OMIM	612070
Entrez	406936
RNAcentral	URS000075BB92 — miRNA, 86 nt, 9 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000384886

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000384886 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001499893	28861533	28861618

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth tissue_specific, 5 present calls, max score 67.51.

Top tissues by expression

5 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	67.51	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	65.45	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	65.34	gold quality
renal glomerulus	UBERON:0000074	55.78	gold quality
placenta	UBERON:0001987	51.47	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AP1

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• miR-144 that is highly conserved appears to be associated with aging progression in brain. (PMID:20451302)
• This study reveals that miR-144 directly regulates nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2, a central regulator of cellular response to oxidative stress. (PMID:20709907)
• miR-144* might involve in regulation of anti-tuberculosis immunity through modification of cytokine production and cell proliferation of T cells. (PMID:21367459)
• identified signature miRNAs which could possibly explain the pathogenesis of T2D and the significance of miR-144 in insulin signaling (PMID:21829658)
• miR-144* was overexpressed in feces of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), suggesting that it could be a potent candidate diagnostic marker; miR-144* was also overexpressed in paired CRC tissues. (PMID:21863218)
• disseminated gastric cancer cells could survive in bone marrow when low expression of miR-144 permits upregulation of ZFX. This may play a key role in the progression of gastric cancer. (PMID:22955854)
• Downregulation of miR-144 is associated with colorectal cancer progression via activation of mTOR signaling pathway. (PMID:22983984)
• High MicroRNA-144 expression is associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (PMID:23125220)
• These results suggest that chronic cigarette smoking up-regulates miR-101 and that this miRNA could contribute to suppression of CFTR in the lungs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. (PMID:23226399)
• miR-144 regulates cholesterol metabolism via suppressing ABCA1 expression. (PMID:23519695)
• Identify a novel pathway involving FXR, miR-144, and ABCA1 that together regulate plasma HDL-cholesterol. (PMID:23519696)
• MiR-144 and Mir-451 negatively regulator the ADAM10 protein expression and may contribute to Alzheimer disease pathogenesis. (PMID:23546882)
• MiR-144 downregulation relieves miR-144-mediated repression of EZH2, which results in activation of Wnt/b-catenin signaling and subsequent cell proliferation. (PMID:23815091)
• Maternal plasma miR-141 and miR-29a are significantly overexpressed in mild pre-eclampsia. Maternal plasma miR-144 is significantly underexpressed in mild and severe pre-eclampsia. (PMID:24195082)
• the role and mechanism of miR-144 in regulating trophoblast proliferation (PMID:24453045)
• The association between plasma miR-144 expression and type 2 diabetes mellitus differs between Swedes and Iraqis. (PMID:24497980)
• miR-144-3p is essential for the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis and inflammatory reactions. (PMID:24733347)
• restoration of miR-144 in K1 and WRO thyroid cancer cells suppressed invasion and migration capability of these cells; miR-144 also suppressed expression of ZEB1 and ZEB2, two E-cadherin suppressors, by directly binding to their 3’-untranslated regions. (PMID:24968735)
• Systemic release of microRNA 144 plays a pivotal role in the cardioprotection induced by remote ischemic preconditioning (PMID:25060662)
• Hsa-mir-93, hsa-mir-17, hsa-mir-22*, hsa-mir-126*, hsa-mir-142-3p, hsa-mir-144*, hsa-mir-486-5p, hsa-mir-451, and hsa-mir-92a were up-regulated and hsa-mir-30a, hsa-mir-382, and hsa-mir-136 were down-regulated in bromocriptine-resistant prolactinomas (PMID:25064468)
• Low miR-144 expression is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:25073510)
• PAX4-miR-144/451-ADAMs axis regulates human epithelial cancer metastasis (PMID:25151965)
• RAB14 is a direct target of MIR144. As MIR144 expression increased during human erythropoiesis, RAB14 protein expression decreased. (PMID:25312678)
• Results indicate that miR-144 may regulate osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion by downregulating its target gene, transgelin protein (TAGLN), suggesting that miR-144 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of osteosarcoma. (PMID:25318625)
• AKT3 was identified as a direct target of miR144 in HCC, and this was confirmed by a luciferase activity assay and western blot analysis. (PMID:25370363)
• Results showed that miR-144 was reduced in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and suggested that miR-144 may be an essential suppresser of cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation and invasion through targeting LIS1. (PMID:25479763)
• miR-144 targeted TIGAR, inhibited proliferation, enhanced apoptosis, and increased autophagy in A549 and H460 cells (PMID:25660220)
• Our study supports the view that the miR-144 may regulate Ezrin protein expression by inhibiting the invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells. (PMID:25854173)
• miR-144 may function as a tumor suppressor by regulating EZH2 expression, and miR-144/EZH2 expression may be a highly sensitive marker for the prognosis in astrocytoma patients. (PMID:25907866)
• miR-144 suppresses OS progression by directly downregulating ROCK1 and ROCK2 expression. (PMID:25912304)
• miR-144 suppresses GC progression by directly downregulating MET expression, which subsequently prevents activation of the pro-oncogenic Akt pathway. (PMID:25927670)
• miR-144-5p functions as tumour suppressor in BC cells. CCNE1 and CCNE2 were directly regulated by miR-144-5p and might be good prognostic markers for survival of bladder cancer patients (PMID:26057453)
• TUG1 regulates blood brain barrier permeability via miR-144/tight junction protein expression by targeting HSF2. (PMID:26078353)
• miR-144 was less expressed in liver fibrosis than in normal liver and was significantly correlated with expression of TGF-beta1 in fibrotic liver tissues (PMID:26097586)
• miR-144 promotes the apoptosis of lung cancer cells, and inhibits the proliferation, invasion and migration of lung cancer by regulating ZEB1 gene. (PMID:26191328)
• These results indicate that miR-144 might serve as a potential molecular target for breast cancer treatment. (PMID:26252024)
• the results indicated that miRNA-144 suppresses proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells through GSPT1. (PMID:26349975)
• Together, the data of the present study demonstrated that miR144 acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting ROCK1, and indicates the potential of miR144 as a novel biomarker and target in the treatment of rectal cancer. (PMID:26458302)
• MicroRNA-144-3p inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human salivary adenoid carcinoma cells by downregulating mTOR expression in vitro and in vivo. (PMID:26687302)
• ETS-1 is a molecular target of miR-144-3p, and silencing ETS-1 expression inhibited FaDu and Hep2 cell invasion and migration as well as reduced Hep2 xenograft tumor volume. (PMID:26826553)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	mir144	ENSDARG00000081589
mus_musculus	Mir144	ENSMUSG00000065401
rattus_norvegicus	Mir144	ENSRNOG00000035647

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.