MIR15A

Summary

MIR15A (microRNA 15a, HGNC:31543) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 13q14.2.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 406948 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:31543
Approved symbol	MIR15A
Name	microRNA 15a
Location	13q14.2
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-15a
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000283785
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
OMIM	609703
Entrez	406948
RNAcentral	URS0000171CD1 — miRNA, 83 nt, 37 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000607334

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000607334 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00003698551	50049119	50049201

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 31 present calls, max score 86.04.

Top tissues by expression

31 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
renal glomerulus	UBERON:0000074	86.04	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	84.77	gold quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	84.12	gold quality
pituitary gland	UBERON:0000007	83.68	gold quality
uterus	UBERON:0000995	81.09	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	80.76	gold quality
midbrain	UBERON:0001891	78.25	gold quality
lung	UBERON:0002048	75.37	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	74.99	gold quality
prostate gland	UBERON:0002367	74.96	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	71.72	gold quality
frontal lobe	UBERON:0016525	68.90	gold quality
intestine	UBERON:0000160	68.34	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	67.08	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	66.53	gold quality
zone of skin	UBERON:0000014	65.38	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	64.52	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	64.33	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	64.10	gold quality
placenta	UBERON:0001987	62.54	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	62.30	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	61.06	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	60.94	gold quality
urinary bladder	UBERON:0001255	60.94	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	59.65	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	59.54	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	59.53	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	56.49	gold quality
epididymis	UBERON:0001301	55.15	silver quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	53.92	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.13

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• BCL2 repression by miR-15a induces apoptopsis in a leukemic cell line model. (PMID:16166262)
• high-throughput profiling of genes modulated by miR-15a/16-1 in a leukemic cell line model (MEG-01) and in primary CLL samples (PMID:18362358)
• Human miR-15 microRNA could play a role in the development of MDR in gastric cancer cells at least in part by modulation of apoptosis via targeting BCL2. (PMID:18449891)
• restoration of c-Myb levels partly alleviates tumors suppressive effects of miR-15a/16, suggesting that c-Myb is a key downstream target of this microRNA cluster (PMID:18708755)
• these findings suggest the presence of a c-Myb-miR-15a autoregulatory feedback loop of potential importance in human hematopoiesis. (PMID:18818396)
• the myeloid-specific miR-223 and the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest-inducing miR15 ~ 16 clusters were regulated by glucocorticoids in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (PMID:19148136)
• propose that the underlying pathomechanism of CLL involves co-regulation of miRNA genes miR-16-1 and miR-15a by the two long non-coding RNA genes DLEU1 and DLEU2. (PMID:19347735)
• microRNA-15a regulates proliferation and growth of MM cells in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting AKT serine/threonine-protein-kinase (AKT3), ribosomal-protein-S6, MAP-kinases, and NF-kappaB-activator MAP3KIP3. (PMID:19401561)
• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) encoded by the miR-15/16 cluster are known to act as tumor suppressors (PMID:19498445)
• miR-15a is implicated in cell cycle control and likely contribute to the tumorigenesis of non-small cell lung cancer. (PMID:19549910)
• analysis of the targets of MIR-15a and MIR-16-1 in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (PMID:19779621)
• Data show that miR-15a in BM and miR-16 in PB were differentially expressed between low-risk and high-risk groups, while miR-222 and miR-181a expression was higher in AML than in MDS in both BM and PB. (PMID:19883312)
• Bmi-1 protein is downregulated by miR-15a or miR-16 expression and leads to significant reduction in ovarian cancer cell proliferation and clonal growth. (PMID:19903841)
• These findings suggest that genes other than miR-15a and miR-16 may explain the prognostic significance of 13q14 deletions in patients with multiple myeloma (PMID:20031211)
• miR-15a/16-1-deletion accelerates the proliferation of both human and mouse B cells by modulating the expression of genes controlling cell-cycle progression. (PMID:20060366)
• Down-regulation of MIR15A is associated with malignant pheochromocytomas. (PMID:20621999)
• The mechanism of HER2Delta16 therapeutic evasion, involving tamoxifen-induced upregulation of BCL-2 and suppression of miR-15a/16. (PMID:20876285)
• Findings indicate that the mitogen and growth factor GRN is dysregulated via the miR-15/107 gene group in multiple human cancers, which may provide a potential common therapeutic target. (PMID:20884628)
• Data suggest that miR-15a, -16-1, and MYB may be important therapeutic targets to increase HbF levels in patients with sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia. (PMID:21205891)
• our data identify the miR-15 and miR-16 families as novel transcriptional targets of E2F, which, in turn, modulates E2F activity. (PMID:21454377)
• tumor suppressors, miR-15a are homozygously deleted in a subset of prostate cancers. (PMID:21472816)
• Data provide support to the development of therapies aimed at reconstituting miR-15 and miR-16 in advanced prostate cancer. (PMID:21532615)
• our data suggest that via suppressing miRNA-15a expression, BMSCs provide survival support and protect myeloma cells from bortezomib induced apoptosis. (PMID:21534877)
• miR-34a and miR-15a/16 act synergistically to induce cell cycle arrest in a Rb-dependent manner (PMID:21575235)
• The nuclear binding of pri-microRNA 15a is a novel function of protein kinase C alpha, which plays an important role in endothelin-1 mediated signaling. (PMID:21712053)
• Upregulation of the miR-15 family transgene during the neonatal period may be an important regulatory mechanism governing cardiomyocyte cell cycle withdrawal and binucleation (PMID:21778430)
• The findings highlighted the role of HDAC3 in Myc-induced miR-15a/16-1 changes and reveal novel mechanisms for c-Myc-driven microRNA suppression and malignant transformation in aggressive B-cell malignancies. (PMID:22002311)
• Nucleolin protein interacts with microprocessor complex to affect biogenesis of microRNAs 15a and 16 (PMID:22049078)
• Histone deacetylases mediate the silencing of miR-15a, miR-16, and miR-29b in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (PMID:22096249)
• These data suggest that miR-15a/16-1 may function as a tumor suppressor to regulate leukemic cell proliferation potentially by down-regulating the WT1 oncogene. (PMID:22133358)
• Data suggest that miR-15a, miR-16, miR-26ab, miR-196ab and Let-7a as potential HMGA1 and HMGA2-targeting microRNAs. (PMID:22139073)
• Adenosine A2A receptor upregulation in human PMNs is controlled by miRNA-214, miRNA-15, and miRNA-16 (PMID:22249219)
• This study demonistrated that miR-15a and 16-1 are downregulated in CD4+ T cells of multiple sclerosis relapsing patients. (PMID:22463747)
• Serotonin transporter expression is regulated by miR-15a and miR-16 in placenta. (PMID:22564678)
• The miR 15a inhibited cell proliferation and induced cycle arrest by targeting CCNB1, which increased the percentage of cells in G2/M phase. (PMID:22574716)
• Data show that in vitro over-expression of miR-15a/16-1 in keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) primary cell cultures resulted in a decrease in Bcl-2 protein. expression. (PMID:22684875)
• Bone marrow stromal cells suppress the proliferation of myeloma cells and regulate the drug sensitivity of myeloma cells through the inhibited expression of miRNA-15a/-16. (PMID:22781767)
• findings show that miR-15a and miR-16-1 induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in osteosarcoma; transcription of CCND1 is suppressed by miR-15a and miR-16-1 via direct binding to the CCND1 3’-untranslated region (3’-UTR) (PMID:22922827)
• High levels of miR-15a, miR-16-1, miR-17-92 are associated with shorter progression-free survival, suggesting a poor prognosis. (PMID:22959509)
• Down-regulation of miR-15a is associated with angiogenesis of multiple myeloma by targeting VEGF. (PMID:23104180)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	mir15a-1	ENSDARG00000080168
danio_rerio	mir15a-2	ENSDARG00000081837
mus_musculus	Mir15a	ENSMUSG00000093007

Paralogs (3): MIR16-2 (ENSG00000198987), MIR15B (ENSG00000207779), MIR195 (ENSG00000284112)

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.