MIR181D

Summary

MIR181D (microRNA 181d, HGNC:32089) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 19p13.12.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 574457 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:32089
Approved symbol	MIR181D
Name	microRNA 181d
Location	19p13.12
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-181d
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000207585
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
Entrez	574457
RNAcentral	URS000075EF65 — miRNA, 137 nt, 1 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000384853

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000384853 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001499860	13874875	13875011

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 89 present calls, max score 81.48.

Top tissues by expression

89 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	81.48	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	78.69	gold quality
superior frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002661	78.51	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	74.69	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	71.14	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	70.69	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	70.58	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	70.57	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	70.56	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	70.41	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	70.25	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	69.44	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	69.33	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	69.27	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	68.74	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	68.48	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	68.34	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	68.08	gold quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	67.75	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	67.63	gold quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	67.47	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	67.20	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	66.34	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	66.09	gold quality
placenta	UBERON:0001987	66.03	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	65.97	gold quality
myometrium	UBERON:0001296	65.59	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	65.59	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	65.34	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	65.26	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.14

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 31)

• Data show that MiR-181d may act as a glioma suppressor by targeting K-ras and Bcl-2. (PMID:22207524)
• High miR-181d is associated with response to therapy and glioblastoma. (PMID:22570426)
• CDX2, a known positive regulator of hepatocyte differentiation, was regulated by miR-181d and directly activated SOAT2 gene expression. (PMID:24103759)
• TMZ as a standard chemotherapeutic agent for GBM inhibits the Rap1B expression and actin cytoskeleton remodeling to exert its cell killing by upregulating miR-181a/b/c/d subunits (PMID:24573637)
• The microRNA181(a,b, c and d) family negatively regulates TNF-alpha mRNA stability and induces immunoparalysis. (PMID:25535255)
• miR-181d was upregulated in gastric cancer associated myofibroblasts. Analysis of miR-181d targets suggested a role in chemotaxis. (PMID:26939869)
• Our results confirmed miR-181d-5p as the key MGMT-regulating miRNA in glioblastoma and miR-409-3p modifies this effect (PMID:27057640)
• Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) showed significantly higher amounts of serum MAPK-associated microRNAs miR-7, miR-34a, miR-181d and miR-193b than those with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). (PMID:27380024)
• Adamts1 acts as an extracellular matrix ‘modifier’, with miR-181d-induced downregulation, that regulates adipocyte lineage commitment and obesity. (PMID:27447109)
• data suggest that miR-181d is a tumor suppressor in ESCC inversely regulating its downstream target gene of DERL1. (PMID:27572270)
• Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 regulates permeability of the blood-tumor barrier via miR-181d-5p-mediated expression changes in ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 (PMID:28185956)
• Loss of miR-181d contributes to aggressive biological processes associated with MES phenotype via NFkappaB signaling, which broaden our insights into the underlying mechanisms in subtype transition. (PMID:28286260)
• Inhibiting miR-181d may suppress pancreatic cancer development, possibly through the inverse regulation on NKAIN2. (PMID:28381166)
• Overexpression of miR-181d per se is sufficient to promote dendritic cells maturation, and up-regulate CD80 and CD83 expressions without lipopolysaccharides. (PMID:28731516)
• data indicate an oncogenic role of miR-181d in CRC by promoting glycolysis, and miR-181d/CRY2/FBXL3/c-myc feedback loop might be a therapeutic target for patients with CRC. (PMID:28749470)
• MiR-181d promotes steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by targeting SMAD3 to inhibit osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PMID:30024590)
• The miR-181d-5p-FOXP1 feedback loop modulates cell proliferation and metastasis in osteosarcoma. (PMID:30031607)
• The aberrant expression of miR-181d-5p and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was screened by microarray analysis. There was a high expression of CDKN3, whereas miR-181d-5p was downregulated in NSCLC. (PMID:30628487)
• Altered exosomal miR-181d and miR-30a related to the pathogenesis of CVB3 induced myocarditis by targeting SOCS3. (PMID:30915768)
• NEAT1 may exert a protective effect on HUVECs by regulating the miR-181d-5p/CDKN3A axis (PMID:31352814)
• Reduced miR-181d level in obesity and its role in lipid metabolism via regulation of ANGPTL3. (PMID:31413305)
• MiR-181d expression was significantly up-regulated in both gastric cancer (GC) tissues and cells and correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. GC patients in the high miR-181d expression group had shorter survival time than those in the low miR-181d expression group. MiR-181d serves a role as an oncogene in GC by promoting tumor progression. (PMID:31524144)
• MiR-181d inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis through PI3K/AKT pathway in gastric cancer. (PMID:31696473)
• miR181d promotes cell proliferation via the IGF1/PI3K/AKT axis in glioma. (PMID:33000209)
• miR-181d promotes pancreatic beta cell dysfunction by targeting IRS2 in gestational diabetes mellitus. (PMID:34155619)
• Small RNA Expression Profiling Reveals hsa-miR-181d-5p Downregulation Associated With TNF-alpha Overexpression in Sjogren’s Syndrome Patients. (PMID:35432384)
• In vitro protective effect of miR-181d-5p in high glucoseinduced human retinal microvascular endothelial cells by targeting the angiogenic factor VEGFA. (PMID:36111920)
• Serum miR-181d-5p levels in response to controlled ovarian stimulation: predictive value and biological function. (PMID:36952624)
• miR-181d-5p, which is upregulated in fetal growth restriction placentas, inhibits trophoblast fusion via CREBRF. (PMID:37610607)
• MicroRNA miR-181d-5p regulates the MAPK signaling pathway by targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8) to improve lupus nephritis. (PMID:37931853)
• miR-181d targets BCL2 to regulate HCT-8 cell apoptosis and parasite burden in response to Cryptosporidium parvum infection via the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. (PMID:38878462)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.