MIR18A

Summary

MIR18A (microRNA 18a, HGNC:31548) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 13q31.3.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 406953 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:31548
Approved symbol	MIR18A
Name	microRNA 18a
Location	13q31.3
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-18, hsa-mir-18a
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000283815
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
OMIM	609417
Entrez	406953
RNAcentral	URS00003B0CDB — miRNA, 71 nt, 41 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000362310

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000362310 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001437073	91350751	91350821

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth tissue_specific, 2 present calls, max score 85.29.

Top tissues by expression

2 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	85.29	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	50.83	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• hnRNP A1 binds specifically to the primary RNA sequence pri-miR-18a before Drosha processing. (PMID:17558416)
• a circuit involving c-myc, miR-17-92, and HIF-1 alpha may play a role in cancer cell proliferation under normoxia in a cellular context-dependent manner [miR-92] (PMID:18632605)
• miR-18a prevents translation of ERalpha, potentially blocking the protective effects of estrogen and promoting the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in women. (PMID:19027010)
• miR-18 is over-expressed in HepG2 cells compared to L02 cells (PMID:19203451)
• A regulatory role for miR-18a in chondrocytic differentiation through CCN2. (PMID:19233176)
• miR-18a* may function as a tumor suppressor by targeting on K-Ras. Therefore, the miRNA may also be a potential therapeutic agent or target for cancer therapy. (PMID:19372139)
• miR-18a, miR-18b, miR-193b, miR-206 and miR-302c, were confirmed to directly target ERalpha in 3’-untranslated region reporter assays. (PMID:19684618)
• Decreased miR-18a, miR-19a, and miR-19b expression is associated with severe heart failure at old age. (PMID:21501375)
• showed that hnRNP A1 regulates the processing of pri-miR-18a by binding to its terminal loop and reshaping its stem-loop structure, thus allowing for a more effective Drosha cleavage (REVIEW) (PMID:21627027)
• The ectopic expression of miR-18a in T24 cells down-regulated Dicer expression at both the mRNA and protein level, while inhibition miR-18a by antisense oligonucleotides could enhance Dicer expression in T24 cells. (PMID:21935572)
• MicroRNA-18a enhances the interleukin-6-mediated production of the acute-phase proteins fibrinogen and haptoglobin in human hepatocytes. (PMID:21953462)
• a new regulatory mechanism of ATM expression through miR-18a (PMID:21980462)
• The expression of miR-18a was significantly higher in pancreatic cancer tissues. (PMID:22045190)
• miR-18a promotes malignant progression by impairing microRNA biogenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (PMID:23097559)
• Ectopic overexpression of miR-18a potently enhanced autophagy and ionizing radiation-induced autophagy. (PMID:23229340)
• miR-17-92-derived miR-18a contributes to cartilage destruction and chronic inflammation in the joint through a positive feedback loop in NF-kappaB signaling, with concomitant up-regulation of matrix-degrading enzymes and inflammatory mediators in RASFs. (PMID:23280137)
• Upregulation of miR-18a is associated with gastric adenocarcinogenesis. (PMID:23322197)
• miR-18a attenuates cellular repair of DNA double-strand breaks by directly suppressing ATM, a key enzyme in DNA damage repair. (PMID:23437304)
• Plasma miR-18a may be a very useful biomarker for cancer detection and the monitoring of tumour dynamics in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:23579215)
• Serum levels of miR-18a and miR-29a were significantly higher in stage III colorectal cancer patients when compared to levels in the controls. (PMID:23673725)
• Loss of miR-18a expression is associated with breast cancer. (PMID:23857602)
• miR-18a induces the apoptosis of colon cancer cells by directly binding to oncogenic hnRNP A1. (PMID:24166503)
• Upregulation of miR-18a-5p contributes to epidermal necrolysis in severe drug eruptions. (PMID:24184144)
• miR-18a can serve as potential unfavorable prognostic biomarkers in ESCC which are associated with some clinicopathologic factors (PMID:24360091)
• miR-18a overexpression inhibited gastric cancer development and angiogenesis. (PMID:24624454)
• High circulating miR-18a in plasma contributes to gastric cancer. (PMID:24626859)
• miRNA18a expression was increased in mammary epithelial cells grown on stiff substrate, which promotes malignant progression via miRNA18a regulation of PTEN and HOXA9. (PMID:24633304)
• miR-18a may regulate biological behavior of human glioblastoma cells by targeting neogenin. (PMID:24657544)
• Data indicate that miR-18a could regulate trophoblast Cell invasion via targeting Smad2. (PMID:24664294)
• Mutations of p53 increase the stability of the protein, which in turn promotes the biogenesis of miR-18a and decrease the expression of ESR1. (PMID:24975878)
• A novel role for miR-18a in targeting HIF1A and repressing metastasis of basal-like breast tumors. (PMID:25069832)
• High microRNA-18a expression is associated with colorectal carcinoma. (PMID:25233396)
• The homeostatic function of miR-18a within the miR-17-92 cluster in colorectal cancer cells may be achieved through suppression of CDC42 and the PI3K pathway. (PMID:25379703)
• miR-18a and RUNX1 could reversely regulate the permeability of blood-tumor barrier as well as the expressions and distributions of ZO-1, occludin and claudin-5. (PMID:25452107)
• we provide the evidence that down-regulation of miR-18a sensitizes non-small-cell lung cancer to radiation treatment (PMID:25755757)
• miR-18a expression suppression led to a decrease in trophoblast cell invasion and an increase in trophoblast cell apoptosis, by inducing estrogen receptor - alpha expression. (PMID:25955393)
• MicroRNA-18a Decreases Choroidal Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Migration by Inhibiting HIF1A Expression. (PMID:26044722)
• It modulates P53 expression by targeting IRF2 in gastric cancer patients. (PMID:26173586)
• miR18a exhibits a protective role in colorectal cancer (CRC) via inhibiting proliferation, invasion and migration of CRC cells by directly targeting the TBPL1 gene. (PMID:26398009)
• Reduced miR18a expression is associated with non-small cell lung cancer. (PMID:26672767)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	mir18b	ENSDARG00000080931
danio_rerio	mir18c	ENSDARG00000082778
danio_rerio	mir18a	ENSDARG00000098078
mus_musculus	Mir18	ENSMUSG00000065403
rattus_norvegicus	Mir18a	ENSRNOG00000035645

Paralogs (4): MIR106B (ENSG00000208036), MIR20A (ENSG00000283762), MIR20B (ENSG00000284043), MIR17 (ENSG00000284536)

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.