MIR194-1

Summary

MIR194-1 (microRNA 194-1, HGNC:31564) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 1q41.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 406969 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:31564
Approved symbol	MIR194-1
Name	microRNA 194-1
Location	1q41
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-194-1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000207624
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
OMIM	610940
Entrez	406969
RNAcentral	URS00002D5B50 — miRNA, 85 nt, 17 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000384892

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000384892 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001499899	220118157	220118241

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 91 present calls, max score 88.62.

Top tissues by expression

91 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	88.62	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	81.03	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	80.86	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	80.85	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	80.67	gold quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	79.24	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	78.11	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	77.23	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	76.38	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	75.10	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	74.17	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	73.05	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	72.55	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	71.97	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	71.90	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	71.72	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	71.26	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	70.43	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	70.30	gold quality
lung	UBERON:0002048	70.27	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	69.90	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	69.74	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	68.99	gold quality
intestine	UBERON:0000160	68.88	gold quality
saliva-secreting gland	UBERON:0001044	68.12	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	68.06	gold quality
colon	UBERON:0001155	67.93	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	67.84	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	67.79	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	67.39	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.80

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): TP53

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• miR-194 interacted with N-cadherin and negatively regulated its expression at the translational level. (PMID:21845495)
• MicroRNA-194 inhibits epithelial to mesenchymal transition of endometrial cancer cells by targeting oncogene BMI-1. (PMID:21851624)
• Data show that p53 upregulated miR-194 expression in THBS1 retrovirus-transduced HCT116 cells, leading to decreased thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) levels. (PMID:22028325)
• MiR-194 regulates chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells by targeting Sox5 (PMID:22396742)
• miR-194 was significantly down-regulated both in preeclampsia (p = 0.0001) and IUGR (p = 0.0304) (PMID:23639576)
• we showed that miR-194 have tumor suppressor effects on RCC by reducing the cellular migration and invasion abilities. (PMID:23715501)
• Both miR-194 and miR-34a microRNAs are coordinately increased with miR-192, particularly in exosomes, suggesting that these microRNAs function as circulating regulators of heart failure development via the p53 pathway. (PMID:23743335)
• miR-9* and miR-194 were identified as the common cancer stem cells-specific miRNAs across the three HCC cell lines. (PMID:24002436)
• miR-194 is upregulated in cancer tissue and serum of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. (PMID:24398877)
• miR-194 may be an independent predictor for adenoma recurrence in patients with advanced colorectal adenoma after polypectomy. (PMID:24691499)
• The results of our current study clearly suggest that miR-194 exhibits its effects on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype by inhibiting Forkhead box protein M1 expression. (PMID:24748184)
• Results demonstrate that miR-194 affected the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells both in vitro and in vivo suggesting that miR-194 functions as tumor suppressor gene probably by downregulating CDH2 and IGF1R. (PMID:25096247)
• MiR-194 deregulation contributes to colorectal carcinogenesis via reducing the expression AKT2. (PMID:25285168)
• In the discovery stage, miR-194 and miR-376a expression levels were significantly different between macrosomia group and controls (PMID:25405200)
• upregulation of miR-194 can inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells, possibly by targeting RBX1. Aberrant expression of miR-194 and RBX1 is correlated to GC patient survival time. (PMID:25412959)
• miR-194, regulating the MAP4K4/c-Jun/MDM2 signaling pathway, might act as a tumor suppressor and serve as a novel target for CRC prevention and therapy. (PMID:25602366)
• miR-194 could reduce the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/FoxO3a signaling pathway by suppressing acylglycerol kinase (AGK) directly. (PMID:25960215)
• Data suggest MIRN194 (microRNA-194) down-regulates TLR4 (toll-like receptor 4) signal transduction via down-regulation of TRAF6 (TNF receptor-associated factor 6) expression; TLR4 signaling is activated by free fatty acid in inflammatory response. (PMID:25984739)
• miR-194 regulated the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through directly inhibiting the expression of MAP4K4 (PMID:26722431)
• Inhibition of YAP1 strongly induced hepatocytic differentiation of progenitor cells and YAP1 overexpression reversed the miR-194-induced hepatocytic differentiation of progenitor cells. (PMID:26731713)
• Low miR194 expression is associated with gallbladder cancer. (PMID:26803515)
• We demonstrated that miR-194 up-regulation helps phenethyl isothiocyanate suppress prostate cancer PCa cell invasion, suggesting a new mechanism by which phenethyl isothiocyanate modulates PCa metastasis. (PMID:26820911)
• miR-483-5p and miR-194 showed deregulated expression in cholangiocarcinoma compared with controls. (PMID:26864161)
• These findings suggested that miR-194 inhibits proliferation and metastasis and reverses cisplatin-resistance of non-small cell lung cancer cells (PMID:26909612)
• miR-192 levels are significantly higher than the miR-194 and miR-215 levels in urine extracellular vesicles and all three miRNAs are significantly increased in microalbuminuria compared with normoalbuminuria in early-stage diabetic nephropathy (PMID:26942205)
• upregulation of miR-194 affects the hNUDC expression, leading to a downregulated expression of Mpl/ERK pathway proteins, and suppresses the mitosis and proliferation of NSCLC cells. (PMID:27035759)
• miR-194 is inversely correlated with RAP2B. (PMID:27133066)
• MicroRNA-194 modulates glucose metabolism and its skeletal muscle expression is reduced in diabetes in humans and in a rat disease model. (PMID:27163678)
• 24 microRNAs, of which 4 microRNAs, miR-194, miR-200b, miR-203 and miR-429, most often, share target genes and pathways and determine the colorectal cancer molecular subtypes and patient prognosis. (PMID:27305450)
• MiR-194 targets KDM5B to inhibit esophageal squamous cell carcinoma development and progression. (PMID:27480251)
• Overexpression of miR-194 downregulates the GEF-H1/RhoA pathway, inhibits melanoma cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Furthermore, miR-194 expression is negatively associated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages (PMID:27573550)
• Low expression of miR-194 is associated with prostate cancer. (PMID:27959429)
• Targeting of SOCS2 by miR-194 resulted in derepression of the oncogenic kinases FLT3 and JAK2, leading to enhanced ERK and STAT3 signaling. (PMID:28011622)
• In skin from psoriasis patients, the effect of miR-194 on cell proliferation and differentiation was significantly reversed by overexpression of GRHL2. Moreover, the expression of miR-194 and GRHL2 was inversely correlated in psoriasis lesional skin. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-194 inhibits the proliferation and promotes the differentiation of keratinocytes through targeting GRHL2. (PMID:28040329)
• Downregulation of miR194 is associated with glioma progression. (PMID:28098896)
• miR-194 is significantly downregulated in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and cells, and overexpression of miR-194 inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance in LSCC cells (PMID:28122647)
• This study found that microRNA-194 (miR-194) and CUL4B protein were inversely correlated in cancer specimens and demonstrated that miR-194 could downregulate CUL4B by directly targeting its 3’-UTR. (PMID:28164432)
• Circulating microRNA-194 regulated human melanoma cells via PI3K/AKT/FoxO3a and p53/p21 signaling pathway. (PMID:28358423)
• These findings demonstrate the novel mechanism by which Sox3 contributes to endometrial cancer stem cell invasion and suggest that repression of Sox3 by microRNA-194 may have therapeutic potential to suppress endometrial carcinoma metastasis. The cancer stem cell marker, CD133, might be the surface marker of endometrial cancer stem cell. (PMID:28618953)
• The present study…identified miR-194 as predictive biomarker of response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer (PMID:28870889)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	mir194a	ENSDARG00000080851
danio_rerio	mir194b	ENSDARG00000088287
mus_musculus	Mir194-1	ENSMUSG00000065581
rattus_norvegicus	Mir194-1	ENSRNOG00000035482

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.