MIR196A2

Summary

MIR196A2 (microRNA 196a-2, HGNC:31568) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 12q13.13.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 406973 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:31568
Approved symbol	MIR196A2
Name	microRNA 196a-2
Location	12q13.13
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-196-2, hsa-mir-196a-2
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000207924
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
OMIM	609687
Entrez	406973
RNAcentral	URS00000D6378 — miRNA, 110 nt, 31 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000385189

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000385189 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00002703414	53991738	53991847

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 25 present calls, max score 93.37.

Top tissues by expression

25 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	93.37	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	86.54	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	78.42	gold quality
colon	UBERON:0001155	77.22	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	77.17	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	76.57	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	73.94	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	73.36	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	70.30	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	70.22	gold quality
myometrium	UBERON:0001296	69.19	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	68.89	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	68.25	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	66.44	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	66.20	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	65.13	gold quality
adipose tissue	UBERON:0001013	65.04	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	64.74	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	64.62	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	64.16	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	63.89	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	56.13	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	51.33	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	50.78	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	48.56	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.14

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• study found that miR-196a2 rs11614913 variant homozygote CC was associated with approximately 25% significantly increased risk of lung cancer compared with their wild-type homozygote TT and heterozygote TC (PMID:19293314)
• Findings suggest that miR-196a-2 might have a potentially oncogenic role in breast tumorigenesis, and the functional genetic variant in its mature region could serve as a novel biomarker for breast cancer susceptibility: [miR-196a-2] (PMID:19567675)
• These findings suggest that the genetic variant within miR-196a-2 could play an important role in the development and progression of gastric cancer. (PMID:19834808)
• Data shows the genotype CC of miR-196a (rs11614913) polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of glioma in the Chinese population. (PMID:20229273)
• Strongly reduced expression of the microRNA miR-196a in melanoma cells compared to healthy melanocytes leads to enhanced HOX-B7 mRNA and protein levels, which subsequently raise Ets-1 activity by inducing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). (PMID:20480203)
• The data demonstrate a role for MIR196A2 genotype in susceptibility and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:20501619)
• study found that individuals carrying CC genotype of has-miR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism was associated with an increased breast cancer risk in homozygote comparison (OR = 1.30; 95% CI, 1.01-1.68), and dominant model (OR = 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01-1.23). (PMID:20640596)
• results provided first evidence that mir-499 rs3746444 SNP may influence the susceptibility to ulcerative colitis (UC), and both rs3746444 and miR-196a2 rs11614913 SNPs may influence the pathophysiological features of UC (PMID:20848167)
• miR-196a2 polymorphism may contribute to cirrhosis-related hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility in Chinese patients (PMID:21080878)
• Results suggest that miR-196a2 polymorphism was not associated with both an increased risk and progression of colorectal neoplasms in Chinese. (PMID:21241442)
• The heterozygous genotype of mir-196a2 C>T rs11614913 was only marginally higher in bladder cancer cases than controls. (PMID:21345130)
• Findings supported that hsa-miR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism may contribute to the susceptibility of cancers. (PMID:21483822)
• the present study provides the first evidence that miR-196a2 polymorphism may contribute to colorectal cancer susceptibility in a Chinese population through modulating mature miR-196a expression (PMID:21565628)
• there was statistically association between miR-196a-2 polymorphism and the antiviral therapy efficacy of hepatitis C patients (PMID:21604580)
• miR-196a2 rs11614913 C/T polymorphisms are associated with a significantly increased risk of NSCLC (PMID:21617338)
• hsa-mir-146a rs2910164 C–>G and hsa-mir-196-a2 rs11614913 T–>C may not play an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma predisposition among Chinese populations. (PMID:21624236)
• Meta-analysis indicates that the polymorphism of hsa-miR-196a2 rs11614913 is associated with cancer susceptibility, especially with breast cancer and in Chinese and Indian populations. (PMID:21625865)
• A meta-analysis of all eligible studies was performed to derive more precise estimation of the association of mir-196a2 C/T and mir-146a G/C single nucleotide polymorphism with cancer risks. (PMID:21637771)
• the miR-196a-2 rs11614913 polymorphism might confer genetic susceptibilty that in fl uences hepatocellular carcinogenesis especially in men and HBV-infected patients (PMID:21692953)
• results suggest that the functional polymorphism rs11614913 in miRNA-196a2 is involved in the etiology of colorectal cancer (PMID:21815818)
• IT did not find any association between miR-196a2 genotype and risk of non-small cell lung carcinoma. (PMID:21902575)
• The miR-196a2 C allele is a low-penetrant risk factor for cancer development. (PMID:21907588)
• Single nucleotide polymorphism in hsa-mir-196a-2 is not associated with breast cancer. (PMID:21962133)
• Studies indicate that miR-21, miR-196a, and miR-217 are among the diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic microRNA profiling in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. (PMID:22001830)
• Our findings strongly implicate the functional miRNAs polymorphisms of hsa-mir-196a2 and hsa-mir- 499 genes may modulate the occurrence or prognosis in Chinese coronary artery disease (PMID:22159951)
• Increased colorectal cancer risk with the miR-196a2CC genotype in Korean population. (PMID:22161766)
• miR-196a2CC, miR-499AG+GG, and the miR-196a2CC/miR-499AG+GG combination are significantly associated with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion in Korean women (PMID:22222140)
• Significant association between miR-196a2 polymorphism and increased susceptibility of digestive system cancers, especially of colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and Asians. (PMID:22291993)
• Downregulation of miR-196a may be one of the mechanisms by which collagens are highly deposited in keloid tissues. (PMID:22358059)
• These results suggest that single nucleotide polymorphism rs11614913 in miRNA-196a2 may not contribute to the susceptibility to Parkinson disease. (PMID:22426473)
• miR-196a induces functional brown adipocytes in white adipose tissue through the suppression of Hoxc8, which functions as a gatekeeper of the inducible brown adipogenesis. (PMID:22545021)
• A higher frequency of the CT+CC genotype of the SNP rs11614913 in miR-196a2C>T suggests that miR-196a2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of moyamoya disease. (PMID:22659075)
• MIR196A-2 polymorphism is associated with esophageal cancer. (PMID:22692992)
• Report lack of association between mir-196a2 SNPs and colorectal cancer risk in caucasian population. (PMID:22719192)
• This meta-analysis suggests that two common SNPs rs2910164 in miR-146a and rs11614913 in miR-196a2 are not associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:22768213)
• DDR2-microRNA-196a pathway may be a previously unreported negative feedback system, and its impairment may be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. (PMID:22832484)
• Risk of premature ovarian failure in Korean women is linked to gene-gene interaction between miR-196a2 and miR-146a. (PMID:22872486)
• miR-196a was highly expressed in NSCLC samples and cell lines compared with normal counterparts. In vitro functional assays demonstrated that modulation of miR-196a expression affected NSCLC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. (PMID:22876840)
• miR-196a2CC, miR-146aCC/miR-196a2CC, and miR-149TT/miR-196a2CC in fetuses are possible risk factors for spontaneous abortion. (PMID:22882355)
• miR-196a2 rs11614913 T variant probably contributes to decreased susceptibility to cancer. [meta-analysis] (PMID:22952151)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	mir196a-1	ENSDARG00000083309
danio_rerio	mir196c	ENSDARG00000106838
mus_musculus	Mir196a-2	ENSMUSG00000065488
rattus_norvegicus	Mir196a	ENSRNOG00000035614

Paralogs (2): MIR196A1 (ENSG00000210741), MIR196B (ENSG00000283745)

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.