MIR29C

Summary

MIR29C (microRNA 29c, HGNC:31621) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 1q32.2.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 407026 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:31621
Approved symbol	MIR29C
Name	microRNA 29c
Location	1q32.2
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-29c
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000284214
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
OMIM	610784
Entrez	407026
RNAcentral	URS000075B799 — miRNA, 88 nt, 80 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000385231

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000385231 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001500237	207801852	207801939

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 78 present calls, max score 78.68.

Top tissues by expression

78 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	78.68	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	76.77	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	74.06	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	70.38	gold quality
thoracic mammary gland	UBERON:0005200	69.61	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	69.59	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	68.94	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	68.70	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	68.08	gold quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	67.91	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	67.87	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	66.91	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	66.60	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	66.28	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	65.78	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	64.95	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	63.01	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	62.82	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	62.44	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	62.20	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	62.19	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	62.19	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	62.07	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	62.07	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	62.07	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	61.98	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	61.73	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	61.69	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	61.62	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	61.53	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): REST

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Most of the mir-29c-targeted genes identified encode extracellular matrix proteins, including multiple collagens and laminin gamma1, that are associated with tumor cell invasiveness and metastatic potential (PMID:18390668)
• miR-29c and miR-223 expression levels decreased significantly with DISEASE progression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (PMID:19144983)
• the deregulated miR expression pattern, miR-34a, miR-29 and miR-17-5p, in CLL patients with deleted and/or mutated p53 gene are closely associated to the biological subtypes of CLL (PMID:19158830)
• miR-29c has a significant roles in melanoma progression, and may be useful epigenetic biomarkers for disease outcome. (PMID:21081840)
• miR-29c directly affects specific extracellular matrix genes that are dysregulated in endometriomas (PMID:21436257)
• findings indicated that miR-29c was frequently downregulated in ESCC tissues and cells and suppressed tumor growth by inducing cell cycle G(1)/G(0) arrest mainly through modulating cyclin E expression (PMID:21551130)
• miR-29c may play an important role as a tumor suppressive microRNA in the development and progression of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting TNFAIP3. (PMID:21763284)
• miR-29 antagonism may promote increased elastin levels during conditions of elastin deficiencies. (PMID:22095981)
• MiR-29 expression is suppressed by progestins in breast cancer cells. (PMID:22751119)
• These findings indicate that miR-29c-mediated BCL2L2 suppression is involved in influenza virus-induced cell death in A549 cells. (PMID:22850539)
• 4 miRNAs including miR-17, miR-20a, miR-29c, and miR-223 were found to be expressed differentially in the serum of NPC compared with that of non-cancerous control (PMID:23056289)
• The miR-29c/TIAM1 pathway further elucidates the molecular mechanisms regulating invasion and metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (PMID:23142282)
• We provide evidence that reduction of miR-29c has a pivotal role in the progression of nerve sheath tumours and results by increasing the invasive/migratory properties of nerve sheath tumours. (PMID:23175151)
• MiR-29c is downregulated in gastric carcinomas and regulates cell proliferation by targeting RCC2. (PMID:23442884)
• Data show that TLR3 activation by poly I-C induces up-regulation of microRNA-29b, -29c, -148b, and -152 targeting DNA methyltransferases, leading to demethylation and reexpression of the oncosuppressor retinoic acid receptor beta (RARbeta). (PMID:23716670)
• miR-29c functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating abnormal SIRT1 activity in liver (PMID:23728341)
• Our study shows that miR-29c can effectively block the proliferation of glioblastoma cells (PMID:23744344)
• In colorectal cancer serum miRNA-29c increases significantly in early relapse patients compared to non-early relapse patients. (PMID:23840538)
• miR-29b and miR-29c promoted apoptosis in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) by directly targeting Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 in human primary pDCs. (PMID:23894561)
• miR-29c serves as a tumor metastasis suppressor, which suppresses lung cancer cell adhesion to ECM and metastasis by directly inhibiting integrin beta1 and MMP2 expression (PMID:23936390)
• The miR-29 family (miR-29a, -29b, and -29c) suppresses the Wnt signaling pathway through demethylation of WIF-1 in non-small-cell lung cancer. (PMID:23939044)
• Downregulation of miRNA29C is associated with glioma. (PMID:23943502)
• The miR-29s acted as tumour suppressors and directly targeted laminin-integrin signalling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:24091622)
• Low-level expression of miR-29c was associated with aggressive and progressive phenotypes of gastric cancer. (PMID:24130168)
• Down-regulation of miR-29c is associated with higher tumor burden and significantly predicts short survival in Chinese patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (PMID:24138306)
• Loss of miR-29c expression is associated with DNA hypermethylation in basal-like breast cancer. (PMID:24297604)
• study supports a model where the combined repressive influences of c-Myc, NF-kappaB and SMAD3 reduce miR-29 in bladder outlet obstruction, and where the resulting drop in miR-29 contributes to matrix remodeling (PMID:24340017)
• miR-29c and miR-429, but not miR-93, may have a role in early stage non-small lung cancer (PMID:24523873)
• We identified miRNAs efficiently downregulating B7-H3 expression. The expression of miR-29c correlated with survival in breast cancer patients, suggesting a tumour suppressive role for this miRNA. (PMID:24577056)
• Study revealed that tumor-suppressive miR-29s regulated cancer pathways. (PMID:24820027)
• MicroRNA-29c mediates initiation of gastric carcinogenesis by directly targeting ITGB1. (PMID:24870620)
• Exosome-derived microRNA29c induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells by down-regulating BCL-2 and MCL-1. (PMID:24870742)
• miR-29c plays an important role in the progression of bladder cancer and induces anti-proliferative effects at least in part by inhibiting the AKT-PI3K pathway. (PMID:24952510)
• Together, the findings indicate a new role of miR-29c in IAV infection and suggest its induction may contribute to counteract the innate immune response. (PMID:24953694)
• Our findings highlight the important role of miR-29c in regulating CRC EMT via GSK-3b/b-catenin signaling by targeting GNA13 and PTP4A and provide new insights into the metastatic basis of colorectal cancer (PMID:25193986)
• a novel Nrf2-miR-29-Dsc2 axis controls desmosome function and cutaneous homeostasis (PMID:25283360)
• our findings suggested that AKT2 may be one of the targets of miR29s in gastric cancer (PMID:25428377)
• Results consistent with an important correlation between miR-29c levels and TGF-beta hyperactivation and the activated Wnt cascade in human pancreatic cancer specimens. (PMID:25605017)
• Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis fibroblast interaction with polymerized type I collagen results in an aberrant PP2A/HDAC4 axis, which suppresses miR-29, causing a pathologic increase in type I collagen expression. (PMID:25612003)
• miR-29c exerts its effects on endometrial cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion by inhibiting the expression of c-Jun. (PMID:25625784)

Cross-species orthologs

1 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Mir29c	ENSMUSG00000065548

Paralogs (3): MIR29B1 (ENSG00000283797), MIR29A (ENSG00000284032), MIR29B2 (ENSG00000284203)

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.