MIR34C

Summary

MIR34C (microRNA 34c, HGNC:31637) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 11q23.1.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 407042 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:31637
Approved symbol	MIR34C
Name	microRNA 34c
Location	11q23.1
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-34c
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000207562
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
OMIM	611375
Entrez	407042
RNAcentral	URS000075E7C8 — ncRNA, 77 nt, 18 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000384831

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000384831 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001499838	111513439	111513515

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth tissue_specific, 1 present calls, max score 60.40.

Top tissues by expression

1 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	60.40	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): SP1

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• p53-mediated mir34a, mir34b, and mir34c up-regulation and ING2 down-regulation may be involved in the senescence pathway. (PMID:18451145)
• miR-34b/c and BTG4 are novel tumor suppressors in colorectal cancer (CRC) and that the miR-34b/c CpG island, which bidirectionally regulates miR-34b/c and BTG4, is a frequent target of epigenetic silencing in CRC (PMID:18519671)
• evidence for a role of miR-34a and miR-34b/c in the apoptotic response of normal and tumor cells (PMID:19461653)
• MIR34C regulates TCL1 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (PMID:19536169)
• Expression of MiR-34s was decreased in tumor samples, and MiR-34 genes underwent minimal deletions and epigenetic inactivation in osteosarcomas. (PMID:19632201)
• These findings suggest aberrantly down-regulated hsa-miR-34c is a critical factor that contributes to malignancy in human laryngeal carcinoma by a mechanism involving targeting of c-Met. (PMID:20198305)
• miR-34c is a critical regulator of c-Myc expression following DNA damage acting downstream of p38 MAPK/MK2, and miR-34c serves to remove c-Myc to prevent inappropriate replication which may otherwise lead to genomic instability. (PMID:20212154)
• A potentially functional polymorphism in the promoter region of miR-34b/c is associated with an increased risk for primary hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:20309940)
• methylation of miR-34b/c is involved in an epigenetic field defect and that the methylation might be a predictive marker of gastric cancer risk. (PMID:20924086)
• miR-449b and miR-34c expressionresulted in cell cycle arrests and down-regulation of CDK6, CDC25A and CyclinA in the malignant ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3-ipl. (PMID:21321636)
• miR-34c is downregulated in prostate cancer and exerts tumor suppressive functions. (PMID:21351256)
• These results suggest differential tumor suppressor roles for miR-34c-3p and miR-34c-5p and provide new insights in the understanding of miRNA biology. (PMID:21600876)
• study to investigate the hypermethylation of miR-34b/c and miR-148a in colorectal cancer, and correlate this data to clinicopathological features; findings show that aberrant hypermethylation of miR-34b/c could be an ideal class of early screening marker (PMID:21610744)
• Using integrative genetics, microRNA-34c was identified as a negative constraint of memory consolidation and it was shown that miR-34c levels are elevated in the hippocampi of Alzheimer patients. (PMID:21946562)
• An miR-34c stress-induced target is found in the stress-related corticotropin releasing factor receptor type 1 (CRFR1) transgenic mRNA, regulated via a single evolutionary conserved sequence complementary site on its 3’ UTR. (PMID:21976504)
• Frequent MIR34B/C hypermethylation during relapse/progression but not at diagnosis implicated a role of MIR34B/C hypermethylation in myeloma relapse/progression. (PMID:21976676)
• High microRNA-34c is associated with small-cell lung cancer. (PMID:22047961)
• miR-34c reduction in BT-ICs induced by a single hypermethylated CpG site in the promoter region promotes self-renewal and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast tumor-initiating cells (PMID:22074923)
• DNA methylation of miR-34a, -34b/c, -124-1 and -203 in Philadelphia-negative (Ph-ve) myeloproliferative neoplasms, was studied. (PMID:22082000)
• miR-34b/c rs4938723CC and TP53 Arg72-Pro polymorphisms may be involved in the susceptibility to intracranial aneurysm. (PMID:22844323)
• Our results indicate that miR-34b/c enhances radiosensitivity (PMID:23155254)
• the rs4938723 in the promoter region of pri-miR-34b/c was a protective factor for the development of colorectal cancer (PMID:23183747)
• miR-34c post-transcriptionally regulates expression of HNF-4alpha, and affect HNF-4alpha binding and transactivation of its target genes by selective targeting of the HNF-4A 3’-UTR. (PMID:23298640)
• DNA methylation, dysregulation of miR- 34c-5p, and MAPT expression are critical factors in the chemoresistance of gastric cancer to paclitaxel (PMID:23423488)
• Polymorphisms of rs4938723 in the promoter region of pri-miR-34c is associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (PMID:23504554)
• Contributions of the polymorphisms and their multiplicative interactions with gender or HCC-related HBV mutations to HCC risk (PMID:23516510)
• Downregulation of miR-34a, miR-34b and miR-34c induced an oncogenic phenotype in non-malignant mesothelial cells. (PMID:23525472)
• A novel p53-miR-34c-RUNX2 network controls cell growth of osseous cells and is compromised in osteosarcoma. (PMID:23720736)
• The miR-34c targets platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha and beta, cell surface tyrosine kinase receptors that induce proliferation, migration and invasion in cancer. (PMID:23805317)
• The binding of miR-34c to two binding sites in the 3’-UTR of MET was validated using luciferase reporter assays and target site blockers. (PMID:23922103)
• Studies suggest that rs4938723 is not associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (PMID:23935875)
• rs4938723 in the promoter region of pri-miR-34b/c and TP53 codon 72 were related to decreased risk of colorectal cancer and those metabolic diseases and genetic variants influence each other with regard to colorectal cancer susceptibility. (PMID:24337371)
• mir-34c is significantly down-regulated in lung from patients with moderate compared to mild emphysema as defined by gas transfer (PMID:24479666)
• The study of miR-34a, miR-34c and its novel target, GALNT7, may serve as novel potential makers for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma therapy. (PMID:24482044)
• miR-34b/c, in addition to DAPK1 and miR-34a might be inactivated by DNA hypermethylation, in in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (PMID:24559316)
• Abnormal methylation of miR-34a and miR-34b/c genes could play a role in colorectal cancer and potentially serve as biological markers (PMID:24573638)
• The effect of miR-34a and miR-34c on protein synthesis was analysed. (PMID:24637697)
• miR-34b/c is a candidate tumor suppressor that is epigenetically silenced in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (PMID:24686393)
• miR-34c suppresses osteosarcoma metastasis and chemoresistance by targeting Notch1 and LEF1.Decreased miR-34c contributes to the development of chemoresistance and metastasis in osteosarcoma. (PMID:24802328)
• Methylation of DAPK1, miR-34a and -34b/c is tumour-specific, and associated with gene/miRNAs silencing in acute promyelocytic leukemia. (PMID:24811488)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	mir34c	ENSDARG00000082619
mus_musculus	Mir34c	ENSMUSG00000065587
drosophila_melanogaster	mir-34	FBGN0262459
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00003262

Paralogs (2): MIR34B (ENSG00000207811), MIR34A (ENSG00000284357)

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.