MIR361

Summary

MIR361 (microRNA 361, HGNC:31867) is a microRNA gene on chromosome Xq21.2.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 494323 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:31867
Approved symbol	MIR361
Name	microRNA 361
Location	Xq21.2
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-361
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000199051
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
Entrez	494323
RNAcentral	URS000064F901 — miRNA, 72 nt, 24 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000362181

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000362181 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001436944	85903636	85903707

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 36 present calls, max score 79.58.

Top tissues by expression

36 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	79.58	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	77.66	gold quality
lung	UBERON:0002048	75.91	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	74.67	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	73.88	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	72.85	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	70.46	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	70.15	gold quality
fundus of stomach	UBERON:0001160	70.09	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	69.59	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	69.22	gold quality
intestine	UBERON:0000160	68.91	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	68.18	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	67.60	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	67.55	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	67.28	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	67.02	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	66.39	gold quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	65.52	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	65.46	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	65.39	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	64.12	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	64.09	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	64.05	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	64.01	gold quality
vagina	UBERON:0000996	63.85	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	63.74	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	63.34	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	63.09	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	62.55	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.49

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• miR-361-3p and miR-625* might have a protective influence on the development of non-small cell lung cancer. (PMID:22675530)
• somatostatin limits VEGF release through its interaction with miR-361, indicating that miR-361 participates in the adaptive response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to hypoxia (PMID:23128854)
• The expression levels of microRNA-361-5p and its target VEGFA are inversely correlated in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:23166713)
• Data indicate that signal transducer and activator of transcription-6 (STAT6), a direct target of miR-361-5p, enhances the expression of B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL), while miR-361-5p inhibits its expression through STAT6. (PMID:24491557)
• High miR-361-5p expression is associated with coronary artery disease. (PMID:24865854)
• the regulatory role of miR-361-5p in the expression of the CD80 protein (PMID:24981235)
• The levels of circulating miRNA-21-5p, miRNA-361-5p and miRNA-519e-5p in ischemic stroke and pulmonary embolism were elevated, whereas the decreased level of plasma miR-519e-5p was only detected in acute myocardial infarction. (PMID:25184815)
• it could be concluded that miR-361-5p functions as a tumor-suppressive miRNA through directly binding to SND1 (PMID:25965817)
• STAT6 is a direct target of miR-361-5p and promotes Bcl-xL expression. (PMID:26461141)
• MiR-361-5p was down-regulated in Hepatocellular Carcinoma tissues in comparison to adjacent normal tissues, due to hypermethylation at its promoter region. Overexpression of miR-361-5p suppressed proliferation and invasion of HCC cells. Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) receptor 6 (CXCR6) was identified as a target of miR-361-5p. (PMID:26872014)
• These miRNAs may be involved in the development of LOH. However, further large and functional studies are warranted to confirm our findings (PMID:27000524)
• Study shows that miR-361 functions as a novel tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the anti-oncogenic activity may involve its inhibition of the target gene SH2B1. (PMID:27164951)
• miR-361 was downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Ectopic expression of miR-361 suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells via the direct targeting of WT1. (PMID:27779659)
• Low miR361 expression is associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in glioma. (PMID:28184914)
• miR-361-5p acts as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer through down-regulation of FOXM1. (PMID:28485158)
• miR-361 targets 3’UTR of YAP mRNA to depress the proliferation of lung cancer cells (PMID:28837805)
• Results show that miR-361-5p inhibits cell growth, glucose metabolism and autophagy in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells (CRPC) in vitro. Also, miR-361 directly targets Sp1 3’UTR regulating its expression in CRPC tumors suggesting that miR-361 is a tumor suppressor gene. (PMID:29094170)
• study found that miR-361 was down-regulated in breast cancer (BC) tissues and its expression positively associated with prognosis in BC patients. Other results showed that overexpression of miR-361 suppressed the glycolysis and proliferation of BC cells by targeting FGFR1, and the invasion and metastasis by targeting MMP-1. An inverse expression pattern was found between miR-361 and FGFR1 or MMP-1 in BC samples. (PMID:29132384)
• miR-365-5p and miR-574-5p may be linked to white adipose tissue hypertrophy via effects on EBF1 expression. (PMID:29191698)
• that ABCA1 was a direct target of miR-361-5p and was down-regulated in hypoxia-induced migration and apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PMID:29339076)
• Up-regulation of miR-361 significantly inhibited cells invasive and proliferative abilities, while down-regulation of miR-361 promoted cell lines invasion and proliferation. miR-361 could negatively regulate FKBP14 in osteosarcoma. MiR-361 could negatively regulate FKBP14 by binding to its 3’UTR region (PMID:29364473)
• overexpression of miR-361-5p might act as a suppressor in triple-negative breast cancer by targeting RQCD1 to inhibit the EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway (PMID:29924958)
• miR-361-3p-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition was dependent on Ago2, the core component of RNA-induced silencing complex, while enforced expression of Ago2 enhanced the miR-361-3p-induced effect by promoting interference efficacy and specificity rather than regulating miR-361-3p stability and biogenesis. (PMID:30042387)
• Our results demonstrated the role of miR-361-5p in the regulation of hepatic TG homeostasis, which may provide potential therapeutic target for hepatosteatosis (PMID:30309516)
• High miR-361-3p expression was associated with better survival outcome in cervical cancer. (PMID:30344797)
• Suppression of miR361 expression promotes the apoptosis and induces cell cycle arrest of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Also, miR361 is predicted to bind to SMAD2 3’UTR. These observations suggest that the oncogenic role of miR361 in lung adenocarcinoma cells is at least partially due to the inhibition of its target gene, SMAD2. (PMID:30365047)
• data suggest the potential of miR-361-3p as a prognostic biomarker in cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis (PMID:30487794)
• miRNA dysregulation and elevated IGF1 mRNA levels in PBMCs from HHT (PMID:30512964)
• LncRNA MEG3 and miR-361-5p were observed to be significantly downregulated within both osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, whereas FoxM1 was upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines (p < 0.05). (PMID:30624782)
• CircRNA 100146 could interact with splicing factors and bind miR-361-3p and miR-615-5p. (PMID:30665425)
• miR-361-5p expression is downregulated in cervical cancer (CC) tissues and cell lines,which is significantly negatively correlated with long non-coding RNA SBF2-AS1 (SBF2-AS1)expression. miR-361-5p mimics significantly reduces the luciferase activity of SBF2-AS1-Wt reporter in CC cells. SBF2-AS1 inhibition increases miR-361-5p expression in SiHa and HeLa cells. LncRNA SBF2-AS1 acts as a sponge for miR-361-5p. (PMID:30856345)
• MiR-361-5p expression and role in the proliferation and migration of the hemangioma endothelial cells. (PMID:30928097)
• MiR-361-5p inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell apoptosis in retinoblastoma by negatively regulating CLDN8. (PMID:31161266)
• Authors showed that NEAT1 functions as an oncogenic sponge for the tumor suppressor microRNA-361 (miR-361), which suppresses proliferation, invasion, sphere formation and TX resistance by directly targeting the oncogene STAT3. (PMID:31287002)
• High miR361 expression is associated with rheumatoid arthritis. (PMID:31473322)
• CircRNA_100876 promote proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells through adsorbing microRNA-361-3p in a sponge form. (PMID:31486496)
• miR-361-3p expression in blood and ovarian cancer. (PMID:31520466)
• We found miR-361-3p inhibited beta-amyloid accumulation by targeting BACE1, which thus weakened cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease. (PMID:31601077)
• Long noncoding RNA DNM3OS promotes prostate stromal cells transformation via the miR-29a/29b/COL3A1 and miR-361/TGFbeta1 axes. (PMID:31694982)
• MicroRNA-361-5p suppresses the tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma through targeting WT1 and suppressing WNT/beta-cadherin pathway. (PMID:31696469)

Cross-species orthologs

1 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Mir361	ENSMUSG00000065510

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.