MIR422A

Summary

MIR422A (microRNA 422a, HGNC:31879) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 15q22.31.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 494334 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:31879
Approved symbol	MIR422A
Name	microRNA 422a
Location	15q22.31
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-422a
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000199156
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
Entrez	494334
RNAcentral	URS000067E604 — miRNA, 90 nt, 3 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000362286

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000362286 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001437049	63870930	63871019

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 23 present calls, max score 75.18.

Top tissues by expression

23 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	75.18	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	74.25	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	73.31	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	72.99	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	71.54	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	70.01	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	68.18	gold quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	67.53	gold quality
minor salivary gland	UBERON:0001830	67.46	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	66.45	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	65.50	gold quality
zone of skin	UBERON:0000014	65.19	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	64.24	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	63.79	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	63.77	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	63.58	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	62.71	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	62.60	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	62.21	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	59.05	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	42.98	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	42.97	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	42.58	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.77

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 29)

• miR-122a and miR-422a may destabilize CYP7A1 mRNA to inhibit CYP7A1 expression. (PMID:20351063)
• miR-378, miR-375, miR-422a and miR-215 play an important role in the colorectal cancer as tumour suppressors (PMID:22469014)
• miR-422a in human circulating monocytes (osteoclast precursors) is a potential miRNA biomarker underlying postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMID:24820117)
• critical role in the regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma development (PMID:25251503)
• The results indicated that miR-138-5p and miR-422a potentially inhibited hTERT expression in CRC, and suggest a potential application of miR422a in prognosis prediction and CRC treatment. (PMID:25845814)
• miR-422a is overexpressed, correlates with active fibrinoid necrosis in inflamed kidneys of human lupus nephritis , and downregulates KLK4. (PMID:26546590)
• Data show that MiR-422a and its target CD73 are involved in early loco(regional) recurrence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumors and are targets for personalized medicine. (PMID:27281619)
• The levels of miR-422a were dramatically reduced in colorectal cancer tissues compared with normal mucosa. (PMID:27350737)
• miR-422a directly targeted TGFbeta2 and regulated its expression and the activation of downstream molecules, smad2 and smad3 in osteosarcoma cells. (PMID:27779704)
• our findings highlight that a novel circulating miRNA, miR-422a, may serve as a non-invasive biomarker with sufficient accuracy in predicting lymph node metastasis in lung cancer patients. (PMID:28178679)
• Expression of miR-422a in glioma cells markedly suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion. (PMID:28277190)
• The expression levels of plasma exosomal miR-422a and miR-125b were significantly decreased in sub-acute ischemic stroke patients compared to controls. (PMID:28982331)
• the present study demonstrates that miR-422a may serve as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma via inhibiting BCL2L2 and KRAS translation both in vitro and in vivo Therefore, miR-422a could be developed as a novel therapeutic target in osteosarcoma. (PMID:29358307)
• MiR-422a exerted anti-cancer activities on CRC. (PMID:29566993)
• MiR-422a regulates cellular metabolism and malignancy by targeting PDK2 in gastric cancer. (PMID:29725130)
• Microarray profiling of circRNA/lncRNA/mRNA in glioblastoma identifies circNT5E as an oncogenic circular RNA and a sponge of miR-422a (PMID:29967262)
• SKP2, positively regulated by circ_ODC1/miR-422a axis, promotes the proliferation of retinoblastoma. (PMID:31297892)
• Knockdown of circular RNA UBAP2 inhibits the malignant behaviours of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by microRNA-422a/Rab10 axis. (PMID:32012318)
• Circular RNA CRIM1 functions as a ceRNA to promote nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis and docetaxel chemoresistance through upregulating FOXQ1. (PMID:32061262)
• Gene expression assays disclosed that hsa-miR-422a inhibited DCC expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Morphine inhibited the expression of hsa-miR-422a but increased the expression of DCC mRNA, and this change in the expression of hsa-miR-422a could not be reversed by naloxone, which suggested that the role of DCC in opioid addiction might be regulated by hsa-miR-422a. (PMID:32092754)
• LncRNA OIP5-AS1 facilitates gastric cancer cell growth by targeting the miR-422a/ANO1 axis. (PMID:32147682)
• MicroRNA422a functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma by regulating the Wnt/betacatenin signaling pathway via RPN2. (PMID:33000268)
• LncRNA INHBA-AS1 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation by sponging miR-422a to increase AKT1 axis. (PMID:33090398)
• TGF-beta1 induces amoeboid-to-mesenchymal transition of CD44(high) oral squamous cell carcinoma cells via miR-422a downregulation through ERK activation and Cofilin-1 phosphorylation. (PMID:33107637)
• NORAD regulates epithelialmesenchymal transition of nonsmall cell lung cancer cells via miR422a. (PMID:33300080)
• Exosomal hsa_circ_0125310 promotes cell proliferation and fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy via sponging miR-422a and targeting the IGF1R/p38 axis. (PMID:34854210)
• MiR-422a promotes adipogenesis via MeCP2 downregulation in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. (PMID:36847916)
• Up-regulation of plasma miRNA-21 and miRNA-422a in postmenopausal osteoporosis. (PMID:37851645)
• Extracellular vesicle dynamics in COPD: understanding the role of miR-422a, SPP1 and IL-17 A in smoking-related pathology. (PMID:38609925)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.