MIR4435-2HG

Summary

MIR4435-2HG (MIR4435-2 host gene, HGNC:35163) is a long non-coding RNA gene on chromosome 2q13.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (lncRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:35163
Approved symbol	MIR4435-2HG
Name	MIR4435-2 host gene
Location	2q13
Locus type	RNA, long non-coding
Status	Approved
Aliases	LINC00978, AGD2, AK001796, lncRNA-AWPPH, MORRBID
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000172965
Ensembl biotype	lncRNA
OMIM	617144
Entrez	541471
RNAcentral	URS0000A77756 — lncRNA, 3887 nt, 1 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 153 — 152 lncRNA, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000308604, ENST00000371162, ENST00000409569, ENST00000419736, ENST00000431385, ENST00000432268, ENST00000432818, ENST00000439362, ENST00000439494, ENST00000441075, ENST00000442293, ENST00000443467, ENST00000444301, ENST00000451884, ENST00000453478, ENST00000603310, ENST00000603827, ENST00000604981, ENST00000605570, ENST00000609220, ENST00000609902, ENST00000622940, ENST00000642191, ENST00000643013, ENST00000643766, ENST00000645030, ENST00000645051, ENST00000653568, ENST00000653687, ENST00000654473, ENST00000655573, ENST00000656067, ENST00000656303, ENST00000656416, ENST00000656760, ENST00000658936, ENST00000659079, ENST00000659458, ENST00000659791, ENST00000659806, ENST00000659933, ENST00000660442, ENST00000661559, ENST00000661655, ENST00000661707, ENST00000661945, ENST00000662335, ENST00000662384, ENST00000662635, ENST00000662889, ENST00000664009, ENST00000664422, ENST00000664443, ENST00000664498, ENST00000664999, ENST00000665096, ENST00000666144, ENST00000666204, ENST00000666367, ENST00000666390, ENST00000666652, ENST00000666683, ENST00000667218, ENST00000667670, ENST00000669050, ENST00000669515, ENST00000669658, ENST00000669875, ENST00000669917, ENST00000670295, ENST00000670715, ENST00000673632, ENST00000673649, ENST00000673653, ENST00000673654, ENST00000673668, ENST00000673700, ENST00000673728, ENST00000673756, ENST00000673770, ENST00000673775, ENST00000673798, ENST00000673804, ENST00000673809, ENST00000673814, ENST00000673821, ENST00000673840, ENST00000673843, ENST00000673845, ENST00000673866, ENST00000673878, ENST00000673894, ENST00000673937, ENST00000673958, ENST00000673959, ENST00000673960, ENST00000673961, ENST00000673962, ENST00000673964, ENST00000673988, ENST00000674013, ENST00000674026, ENST00000674037, ENST00000674045, ENST00000674070, ENST00000674087, ENST00000674092, ENST00000674132, ENST00000727421, ENST00000727422, ENST00000727423, ENST00000727424, ENST00000727425, ENST00000727426, ENST00000727427, ENST00000727428, ENST00000727429, ENST00000727430, ENST00000727431, ENST00000727432, ENST00000727433, ENST00000727434, ENST00000727435, ENST00000727436, ENST00000727437, ENST00000727438, ENST00000727439, ENST00000727440, ENST00000727441, ENST00000727442, ENST00000727443, ENST00000727444, ENST00000727445, ENST00000727446, ENST00000727447, ENST00000727448, ENST00000727449, ENST00000727450, ENST00000727451, ENST00000727452, ENST00000727453, ENST00000727454, ENST00000727455, ENST00000727456, ENST00000727457, ENST00000727458, ENST00000727459, ENST00000727460, ENST00000727461, ENST00000727462, ENST00000727463, ENST00000727464, ENST00000727465

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000308604 — 3 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001777149	111429319	111429620
ENSE00002450501	111477336	111477481
ENSE00002450701	111494885	111494988

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 161 present calls, max score 97.28.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 0.2366 / max 23.3361, expressed in 69 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
30131	0.2366	69

Top tissues by expression

246 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	97.28	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	97.13	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	97.05	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	96.83	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	95.55	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	93.98	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	93.87	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	93.76	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	93.54	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	93.11	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	92.38	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	92.24	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	92.15	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	92.02	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	91.88	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	91.72	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	91.19	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	90.92	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	90.74	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	90.66	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	90.62	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	90.48	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	90.41	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	90.10	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	90.10	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	89.78	gold quality
upper lobe of lung	UBERON:0008948	89.48	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	89.47	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	89.26	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	89.19	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 4 experiment(s), a significant marker in 4.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-131882	yes	1194.11
E-CURD-119	yes	1132.71
E-ANND-3	yes	22.17
E-HCAD-35	yes	8.16

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• we detected changes in a number of cell cycle-related genes related to lncRNA AK001796 knockdown (PMID:25888808)
• long non-coding RNA Morrbid regulates Bim and short-lived myeloid cell lifespan (PMID:27525555)
• study indicates that LINC00978 may be an oncogene in breast cancer, and can serve as a potential biomarker to predict prognosis in breast cancer patients. (PMID:27897214)
• MIR4435-2HG expression is significantly upregulated in human masticatory mucosa during wound healing (PMID:28005267)
• this study identifies a novel lncRNA termed lncRNA-AWPPH which is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), indicates poor prognosis of HCC patients, and promotes HCC cell proliferation, migration, and in vivo tumor growth and metastasis via a novel regulatory mechanism of interacting with YBX1. (PMID:28428004)
• Silencing LINC00968 greatly inhibited non-small cell lung cancer tumor progression, which was consistent with the in vitro tests (PMID:28926089)
• The knockdown of AK001796 by small interfering RNA reduced cellular cisplatin resistance and cell viability, and resulted in cellcycle arrest, with a marked increase in the proportion of A549/DDP cells in the G0/G1 phase. (PMID:29067469)
• The expression level of LINC00978 was significantly correlated with tumour size (PMID:29271006)
• the lncRNA MIR4435-2HG was frequently upregulated in lung cancer and correlated with lung cancer progression. MIR4435-2HG interacts with beta-catenin to prevent its degradation mediated by the proteasome system and thus maintained the EMT and cancer stem cell traits of lung cancer cells. (PMID:29872866)
• these data reveal that LINC00152 and its homolog MIR4435-2HG associate with aggressive tumors and promote cellular invasion through a mechanism that requires the structural integrity of a hairpin structure (PMID:29991527)
• it was demonstrated that inhibition of miR67545p reversed the effects of LINC00978 knockdown on nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC)cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. In conclusion, results of the present study demonstrated that LINC00978 exerts an oncogenic role in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC)by inhibiting miR67545p expression (PMID:30221669)
• AWPPH overexpression, and treatment with the Wnt inhibitor and activator did not significantly effect the proliferation and apoptosis of the normal human lung tissue cell line. (PMID:30942396)
• MIR4435-2HG is upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and promotes cancer cell proliferation possibly by upregulating miRNA-487a. (PMID:30988676)
• LncRNA AWPPH and miRNA-21 regulates cancer cell proliferation and chemosensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer by interacting with each other. (PMID:31033015)
• the present study demonstrated that LINC00978 promoted bladder cancer (BCa) progression by sponging miR4288, suggesting that LINC00978 may represent a potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer (BCa) treatment. (PMID:31257499)
• LncRNA AWPPH overexpression predicts the recurrence of periodontitis. (PMID:31289125)
• MIR4435-2HG is highly expressed in high-grade glioma and may have an impact on EMT and TNFalpha signaling pathway by functioning as a miRNA sponge of miR-125a-5p and miR-125b-5p to increase the expression of CD44. (PMID:31357021)
• MIR4435-2HG is down-regulated in osteoarthritis and regulates chondrocyte cell proliferation and apoptosis. (PMID:31387631)
• The authors found that MIR4435-2HG regulates cancer cell behaviors in ovarian carcinoma by upregulating TGF-beta1 (transforming growth factor beta 1). (PMID:31435668)
• LncRNA MIR4435-2HG targets desmoplakin and promotes growth and metastasis of gastric cancer by activating Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. (PMID:31484163)
• AWPPH inhibits GC cell proliferation and invasion via miR-203a/DKK2 axis. (PMID:31489578)
• LINC00978 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating EZH2-mediated silencing of p21 and E-cadherin expression. (PMID:31582742)
• This work indicates a novel MIR4435-2HG/TGF-beta1 axis responsible for NSCLC cell progression. (PMID:31875359)
• Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transiton through regulation of the lncRNA MIR4435-2HG/miR-296-5p/Akt2/SNAI1 signaling pathway. (PMID:31997506)
• MIR4435-2HG regulates cancer cell behaviors in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell growth by upregulating TGF-beta1. (PMID:32016787)
• LINC00978 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma carcinogenesis partly via activating the MAPK/ERK pathway. (PMID:32077915)
• LncRNA MIR4435-2HG contributes into colorectal cancer development and predicts poor prognosis. (PMID:32141545)
• Long non-coding RNA MIR4435-2HG recruits miR-802 from FLOT2 to promote melanoma progression. (PMID:32196611)
• LncRNA MIR4435-2HG potentiates the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma cells via modulating miR-1224-5p/TGFBR2 axis. (PMID:32319715)
• LncRNA AWPPH accelerates the progression of non-small cell lung cancer by sponging miRNA-204 to upregulate CDK6. (PMID:32373964)
• Long non-coding RNA MIR4435-1HG promotes cancer growth in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. (PMID:32538823)
• LncRNA AWPPH is downregulated in osteoporosis and regulates type I collagen alpha1 and alpha2 ratio. (PMID:32552067)
• Targeting Bim via a lncRNA Morrbid Regulates the Survival of Preleukemic and Leukemic Cells. (PMID:32579941)
• Long non-coding RNA AWPPH enhances malignant phenotypes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via silencing PTEN through interacting with LSD1 and EZH2. (PMID:32663416)
• LncRNA MIR4435-2HG mediates cisplatin resistance in HCT116 cells by regulating Nrf2 and HO-1. (PMID:33232319)
• Knockdown of lncRNA MIR44352HG and ST8SIA1 expression inhibits the proliferation, invasion and migration of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by blocking the activation of the FAK/AKT/betacatenin signaling pathway. (PMID:33846784)
• Long noncoding RNA MIR44352HG promotes the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the miR3835p/RBM3 axis. (PMID:33846802)
• Long noncoding RNA MIR4435-2HG enhances metabolic function of myeloid dendritic cells from HIV-1 elite controllers. (PMID:33938445)
• LncRNA AWPPH as a prognostic predictor in human cancers in Chinese population: evidence from meta-analysis. (PMID:34042153)
• Long noncoding RNA LINC00978 acts as a potential diagnostic biomarker in patients with colorectal cancer. (PMID:34273360)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.