MIR491

Summary

MIR491 (microRNA 491, HGNC:32076) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 9p21.3.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 574444 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:32076
Approved symbol	MIR491
Name	microRNA 491
Location	9p21.3
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-491
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000207609
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
Entrez	574444
RNAcentral	URS0000698489 — miRNA, 84 nt, 22 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000384877

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000384877 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001499884	20716105	20716188

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 92 present calls, max score 95.53.

Top tissues by expression

92 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	95.53	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	86.71	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	80.84	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	79.75	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	79.12	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	78.44	gold quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	77.05	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	75.70	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	74.35	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	73.89	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	73.08	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	72.80	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	72.77	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	72.76	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	71.99	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	71.50	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	71.48	gold quality
urinary bladder	UBERON:0001255	70.94	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	70.91	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	70.86	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	70.84	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	70.45	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	70.42	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	70.28	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	70.10	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	69.59	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	69.26	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	69.20	gold quality
Ammon’s horn	UBERON:0001954	68.95	gold quality
fundus of stomach	UBERON:0001160	68.57	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.65

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Loss of miR-491 is associated with colorectal cancer (PMID:20039318)
• miR-491 suppressed the PI3 kinase/Akt pathway suggesting that this could be responsible for augmentation of HCV replication by miR-491. (PMID:21802413)
• Our data suggested that the rs1056629A–>C variation contributes to an increased risk of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction by increasing MMP-9 expression through affecting binding of miR-491 to the polymorphic site in the 3’-UTR of MMP-9. (PMID:23257658)
• miR491-5p effectively downregulated TP53 and Bcl-XL gene expressions in pancreatic cancer cells SW1990. (PMID:23519249)
• Suggest that miR-491 is involved in metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by blocking epithelial to mesenchymal transition and decreasing MMP2/9 levels. (PMID:23725476)
• miRNA-491-5p and GIT1 serve as modulators and biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma invasion and metastasis. (PMID:24335959)
• The effect of arsenic trioxide on MIRN491 expression and its role in the invasiveness of liver neoplasms is reported. (PMID:24680928)
• -491-3p inhibited glioma cell invasion; overexpression of both miR-491-5p and -3p inhibited proliferation of glioma cell lines (PMID:24747968)
• Arsenic trioxide blocked hepatocellular carcinoma angiogenesis by miR-491-mediated inhibition of TGF-b/SMADs/NF-kB signal pathway. (PMID:25196641)
• MiR-491-5p-induced apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma by inhibition of both BCL-XL and EGFR leading to BIM activation. (PMID:25299770)
• Data indicate that miR-491-5p plays a tumor suppressor role in the development and progression of breast cancer via direct targeting the 3’UTR of JMJD2B mRNA. (PMID:25725194)
• miR-491-3p/mTORC2/FOXO1 has a role in tongue cancer response to chemotherapy (PMID:25749387)
• MiR-491 has a role in attenuating cancer stem cells-like properties of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibition of GIT-1/NF-kappaB-mediated EMT (PMID:26188902)
• TPX2 was a target gene of miR-491. (PMID:26279431)
• Overexpression of miR-491-5p significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. (PMID:27035429)
• Mir-491 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration by downregulating the expression of TPX2. (PMID:27053618)
• These data indicate that the miR-491 regulate DAT expression and dopamine transport at the post-transcriptional level, suggesting that microRNA may be targeted for the treatment of diseases associated with DAT dysfunction (PMID:27628529)
• Transfection of SAOS-2 and MG63 cells with miR-491-5p mimics inhibited expression of FOXP4 protein, which suppressed cell growth and migration, but induced apoptosis. (PMID:27704627)
• Here, we detected miR-491 and TRIM28 expression and function in glioma cells. miR-491 regulates glioma cells proliferation in vitro by targeting TRIM28. (PMID:27905892)
• miR-99a and miR-491 might be work as novel molecules regulate cisplatin resistance by directly targeting CAPNS1 associated pathway in human gastric cancer cells. (PMID:27994509)
• study reveals that Foxi1/miR-491-5p/Wnt3a/beta-catenin signaling is critical in the progression of GC. Targeting the pathway described in this study may open up new prospects to restrict the progression of gastric cancer (PMID:28358374)
• Our findings suggest that serum level of miR-491 has potential as a biomarker for predicting OS progression and prognosis of OS patients. miR-491 exerts its role by directly targeting alphaB-crystallin (CRYAB) in OS. (PMID:28648665)
• Low miR491-3p expression is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:28844709)
• miR4913p is frequently downregulated in OS. miR4913p suppressed OS cell growth and invasion. TSPAN1 was identified to be a novel target of miR4913p. Overexpressed TSPAN1 conferred OS cell growth and invasion. (PMID:28849017)
• Overexpression of miR-491-5p decreases MMP9 mRNA level in cell lines of gastric, breast and lung cancers and thus leads to decreasing of the invasion ability. Binding of miR-491-5p to MMP9 3’-UTR is disrupted by MMP9 rs1056628 A to C polymorphism, which is associated with gastric, breast, and lung cancer susceptibility in Iranian population. (PMID:29091292)
• The study demonstrates that miR-298 and miR-491-3p downregulates UGT1A expression. (PMID:29172698)
• these results provide a comprehensive view of the XIST/miR-491-5p axis in human NPC cells and may provide a new therapeutic target for treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (PMID:29219216)
• Study provided new evidence that miR-491-5p inhibits gastric cancer (GC) metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-491-5p regulated EMT markers E-cadherin/Ncadherin balance by regulating SNAIL both directly and indirectly, which resulted in the repression of EMT and GC metastasis. (PMID:29569792)
• Results show that miR491 directly targets MMP9 and provide evidence that miR491 is involved in the development of pressure ulcers after hip fracture via targeting MMP9. (PMID:29620239)
• In the presence of Doxo, miR-491 inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effect of aspirin (ASA) on the cell viability of SP cells, which was significantly reversed by knockdown of ABCG2 (P<0.05). ASA enhanced the sensitivity of SP cells to Doxo via regulating the miR-491/ABCG2 signaling pathway. (PMID:30120100)
• JMJD2A was identified as an oncogenic protein in human cervical cancer that significantly affected cell and colony numbers, tumor weight and apoptosis via the downregulation of miR4915p, which acts as a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer. (PMID:30720092)
• miR-491 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and migration, whereas miR-491 inhibitor treatment produced the opposite effect. Mechanistically, HMGA2 was identified as a direct target of miR-491. Moreover, HMGA2 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and migration, which was similar to the effect of miR-491 overexpression. (PMID:31668113)
• Hsa_circ_0001361 promotes bladder cancer invasion and metastasis through miR-491-5p/MMP9 axis. (PMID:31705065)
• MiR-491 functions as a tumor suppressor through Wnt3a/beta-catenin signaling in the development of glioma. (PMID:31858558)
• MiR-491-3p is down-regulated in postmenopausal osteoporosis and affects growth, differentiation and apoptosis of hFOB1.19 cells through targeting CTSS. (PMID:32176315)
• USF1-induced overexpression of long noncoding RNA WDFY3-AS2 promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression via targeting miR-491-5p/ZNF703 axis. (PMID:32275336)
• LncRNA LINP1 promotes malignant progression of pancreatic cancer by adsorbing microRNA-491-3p. (PMID:33015772)
• MicroRNA4915p inhibits trophoblast cell migration and invasion through targeting matrix metalloproteinase9 in preeclampsia. (PMID:33174053)
• NOTCH3, a crucial target of miR-491-5p/miR-875-5p, promotes gastric carcinogenesis by upregulating PHLDB2 expression and activating Akt pathway. (PMID:33452458)
• circ0000212 promotes cell proliferation of colorectal cancer by sponging miR491 and modulating FOXP4 expression. (PMID:33649850)

Cross-species orthologs

1 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Mir491	ENSMUSG00000070077

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.