MIR499A

Summary

MIR499A (microRNA 499a, HGNC:32133) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 20q11.22.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 574501 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:32133
Approved symbol	MIR499A
Name	microRNA 499a
Location	20q11.22
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-499
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000207635
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
OMIM	613614
Entrez	574501
RNAcentral	URS0000759CC2 — miRNA, 122 nt, 1 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000384903

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000384903 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001499910	34990376	34990497

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 114 present calls, max score 91.47.

Top tissues by expression

114 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	91.47	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	86.08	gold quality
pituitary gland	UBERON:0000007	85.91	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	85.50	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	79.15	gold quality
ectocervix	UBERON:0012249	78.90	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	78.84	gold quality
pancreas	UBERON:0001264	78.83	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	78.59	gold quality
myometrium	UBERON:0001296	78.55	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	77.99	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	77.85	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	77.82	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	77.60	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	77.43	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	77.32	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	76.89	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	76.84	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	76.75	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	76.74	gold quality
prostate gland	UBERON:0002367	76.65	gold quality
vagina	UBERON:0000996	76.63	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	76.58	gold quality
kidney	UBERON:0002113	76.39	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	76.25	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	76.13	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	76.03	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	75.79	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	75.77	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	75.62	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.17

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): IKZF4, MYOD1, MYRF

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• By modulating miR-1 and -499 expression levels, human cardiomyocyte progenitor cell function can be altered and differentiation directed, thereby enhancing cardiomyogenic differentiation. (PMID:20081117)
• Data suggest that transcription and alternative splicing uncouple the level of expression of MYH7b and miR-499 when their coexpression is not required. (PMID:20154144)
• Results identified novel miRNAs, such as miR-499, that are strongly associated with cardiac differentiation and that share many predicted targets with miR-208. (PMID:20733065)
• results provided first evidence that mir-499 rs3746444 SNP may influence the susceptibility to ulcerative colitis (UC), and both rs3746444 and miR-196a2 rs11614913 SNPs may influence the pathophysiological features of UC (PMID:20848167)
• Cardiac damage initiates the detectable release of cardiomyocyte-specific microRNAs-208b and -499 into the circulation (PMID:20921333)
• There was no association of the SNP hsa-mir-499 T>C rs3746444 with bladder cancer. (PMID:21345130)
• Elevated miR-499 levels affect cardiac gene expression and predispose to cardiac stress-induced dysfunction (PMID:21573063)
• IT did not find any association between miR-499 genotype and risk of non-small cell lung carcinoma. (PMID:21902575)
• Results show that the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs3746444 in miR-499 could affect the inflammatory reaction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (PMID:22019503)
• While miR-499 promotes ventricular specification of hESCs, miR-1 serves to facilitate electrophysiological maturation (PMID:22110643)
• Our findings strongly implicate the functional miRNAs polymorphisms of hsa-mir-196a2 and hsa-mir- 499 genes may modulate the occurrence or prognosis in Chinese coronary artery disease (PMID:22159951)
• The miR-499A>G polymorphisms was not associated with colorectal cancer in Korean individuals. (PMID:22161766)
• miR-196a2CC, miR-499AG GG, and the miR-196a2CC/miR-499AG GG combination are significantly associated with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion in Korean women (PMID:22222140)
• hsa-mir-499 polymorphism was associated with susceptibility to hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese population. (PMID:22311030)
• Circulating miR-499-5p is a sensitive biomarker of acute non-ST elevation myocardial infarction in the elderly. (PMID:22330002)
• MIR-499 is elevated in patients with advanced renal failure but levels are decreased after hemodialysis mitigating its potential as a marker for myocardial injury. (PMID:22344502)
• A human 3’ miR-499 mutation alters cardiac mRNA targeting and function. (PMID:22374132)
• The miR-499 rs3746444 polymorphism does not have any major role in genetic susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinogenesis in the Turkish population studied here. (PMID:22393998)
• MIRN499 polymorphism is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:22583825)
• In hepatocellular carcinoma cells, up-regulation of HDAC1-3 reduces expression of miR-449, activating hepatocyte growth factor and altering tumor growth. (PMID:22641068)
• MIR499A polymorphism is associated with esophageal cancer. (PMID:22692992)
• miR-499 is increased in human and murine cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyopathy, is sufficient to cause murine heart failure, and accelerates maladaptation to pressure overloading. (PMID:22752967)
• Polymorphism of hsa-miR-499 rs3746444 T>C was not associated with the increased susceptibility to cancers and other diseases. (PMID:22903035)
• Hsa-miR-499 polymorphism is associated with neoplasms. (PMID:22922391)
• This meta-analysis suggests a significant association between miR-499 rs3746444 polymorphism and cancer risk (PMID:22970328)
• miR-499-5p (p < 0.001) was significantly different between patients with mild sepsis and patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. (PMID:23026916)
• This meta-analysis suggests that the miR-499 rs3746444 polymorphism (A>G) is a low-penetrant risk factor for cancer development among Asians and may contribute to breast cancer susceptibility. (PMID:23053947)
• the present study has shown a marked correlation between the hsa-mir-499 rs3746444 polymorphism and susceptibility to RA in a sample of the Iranian population. (PMID:23138379)
• The miR-146aG allele and miR-146aG/-149T/-196a2C/-499G allele combination were associated with ischemic stroke and silent brain infarction risk. (PMID:23202363)
• These meta-analysis results suggest that hsa-miR-499 polymorphism rs3746444 is associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer, especially in Asian populations. (PMID:23236400)
• findings support the view that miR-499 rs3746444 T>C polymorphism is associated with breast cancer and the C allele can increase cancer susceptibility in Asians [meta-analysis] (PMID:23271127)
• Report increased serum miR-499-5p in the blood of myocardial infarction patients and establish association of increased miRNA levels with reduced systolic function after MI and risk of death or heart failure. (PMID:23448306)
• This new form, microRNA-499c, plays an important role in cardiac development. (PMID:23522091)
• MiR-499A>G rs3746444 polymorphism is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma risk. (PMID:23679271)
• mir-499 rs3746444 polymorphism was associated with increased cancer risk. (PMID:23725137)
• The miRNA-499 polymorphism is an independent factor of rheumatoid arthritis and influences disease severity and activity. (PMID:23731641)
• Circulating miR208b and miR499 are not preditive of mortality in acute myocardial infarct. (PMID:23871635)
• miR-499 rs3746444 polymorphism is associated with an increased cancer risk in Asian populations. [Meta-analysis] (PMID:24085457)
• The rs3746444 (A>G) SNP is not associated with susceptibility to GC in the Chinese population. (PMID:24107911)
• No significant differences of miR-499 genotype and allele distribution were detected between colorectal cancer patients and controls (PMID:24136745)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.