MIR638

Summary

MIR638 (microRNA 638, HGNC:32894) is a microRNA gene on chromosome 19p13.2.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Source: NCBI Gene 693223 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (miRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:32894
Approved symbol	MIR638
Name	microRNA 638
Location	19p13.2
Locus type	RNA, micro
Status	Approved
Aliases	hsa-mir-638
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000207972
Ensembl biotype	miRNA
Entrez	693223
RNAcentral	URS0000668846 — miRNA, 100 nt, 1 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 miRNA

ENST00000385237

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000385237 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001500243	10718404	10718503

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 37 present calls, max score 84.03.

Top tissues by expression

37 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	84.03	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	76.26	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	74.90	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	73.04	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	72.56	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	71.81	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	70.35	gold quality
multicellular organism	UBERON:0000468	69.83	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	69.07	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	68.51	gold quality
fundus of stomach	UBERON:0001160	68.25	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	68.10	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	67.31	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	66.74	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	66.65	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	66.61	gold quality
thoracic mammary gland	UBERON:0005200	66.24	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	65.93	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	65.57	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	65.30	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	65.17	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	65.03	gold quality
prostate gland	UBERON:0002367	65.00	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	64.68	gold quality
colon	UBERON:0001155	64.61	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	64.28	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	63.56	gold quality
vagina	UBERON:0000996	63.20	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	62.69	gold quality
pituitary gland	UBERON:0000007	61.77	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.43

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): SP2

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Suggest that miR-638 is involved in the benzo(a)pyrene-induced carcinogenesis by targeting BRCA1. (PMID:22048643)
• Intra-renal expression of miR-638, miR-198 and miR-146a are differentially expressed between lupus nephritis patients and normal controls. (PMID:22295894)
• The expression of these miRNAs-663 and -638 might be useful as novel diagnostic and prognostic markers in patients with tumors. (PMID:23155245)
• Results indicate that miR-638 is a key molecule in regulating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration by targeting the NOR1/cyclin D pathway. (PMID:23554459)
• The expression of hsa-miR-638 is significantly upregulated in hepatocellular liver cancer. (PMID:23936320)
• miR-638 suppresses gastric cancer cell proliferation by targeting Sp2 expression of cyclin D1 (PMID:24623314)
• miR-638 may play a pivotal role in the development of NSCLC via silencing of SOX2. (PMID:24842609)
• The loss of miR-638 promotes invasion and a mesenchymal-like transition by directly targeting SOX2 in vitro. (PMID:24885288)
• miR-638 is upregulated in multiple human cancers. miR-638 cooperates with its host gene Dnm2 to promote tumorigenesis. (PMID:25088422)
• our current data demonstrate that miR-638 functions as a tumor suppressor in human colorectal carcinoma by inhibiting TSPAN1 (PMID:25301729)
• Tumor cells treated with SMPD3 inhibitors alters intracellular and extracellular expression of miR-638. (PMID:25394686)
• miR-638 regulates proliferation and myeloid differentiation by targeting CDK2 and may serve as a novel target for leukemia therapy or marker for AML diagnosis and prognosis (PMID:25451924)
• miR-638 supports melanoma progression and suppresses p53-mediated apoptosis pathways, autophagy and expression of the transcriptional repressor TFAP2A/AP-2alpha. (PMID:25650662)
• MicroRNA-638 inhibits cell proliferation by targeting phospholipase D1 in human gastric carcinoma (PMID:26250158)
• miR-146a and miR-638 in BRCA1-deficient triple negative breast cancer tumors, as potential biomarkers for improved overall survival (PMID:26835710)
• Study identified VEGF as a direct target of miR-638. miR-638 expression was inversely correlated with VEGF expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma samples. (PMID:27120793)
• Overexpression of miR-638 enhanced the sensitivity of cancer cells to cisplatin, thus reducing cell viability in response to chemotherapy drug treatment. Furthermore, miR-638 overexpression affected DNA damage repair processes by interfering with the recruitment of the DNA damage repair-related protein, gammaH2AX, to DNA break sites. (PMID:27405111)
• MiR-638 role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma.MiR-638 directly inhibits SOX2 expression by interacting with its 3’-UTR. (PMID:27878280)
• Hence, we provide a molecular explanation for acquired resistance to DTX that is caused by the miR-638 deficiency and subsequent STARD10 upregulation. In consequence, alteration of miR-638/STARD10 cascade may represent an attractive strategy in future adjuvant therapy along with DTX chemotherapy. (PMID:28412359)
• the results suggested that miR-638 might perform tumor suppressive effects in Ewing sarcoma which might be mediated, at least partially, through suppressing the activity of VEGFA. (PMID:29263143)
• study strongly suggests that serum exosome-delivered miR-638 may serve as a novel circulating biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Downregulation of miR-638 predicts poor prognosis for patients with HCC. (PMID:29278659)
• Low miR638 expression is associated with Glioma. (PMID:30010402)
• our study provides the first in vitro evidence highlighting the antiproliferative and antimigratory roles of miR-638 in human Abnormal airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) remodeling and suggests that targeted overexpression of miR-638 in ASMCs may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing ASM hyperplasia associated with asthma. (PMID:30076719)
• MiR-638 serves as a tumor suppressor by targeting HOXA9 in glioma (PMID:30536324)
• Overexpression of miR-638 attenuated the effects of hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment on cell viability, cell apoptosis and autophagy by targeting ATG5 in the human cardiomyocytes (PMID:30556888)
• After analyzing the miRNOme in CLI-derived hMSC cells and healthy controls, and intersecting the results with the mRNA expression dataset under hypoxic conditions, we identified two miRNAs potentially relevant to the disease: miR-29b as a pathological marker of the disease and miR-638 as a therapeutic target. This study yielded a deeper understanding of stem cell biology and ischemic disorders, opening new potential treat (PMID:30884856)
• MicroRNA-638 inhibits human aortic valve interstitial cell calcification by targeting Sp7. (PMID:31140727)
• MiR-638 may be a tumour suppressor in OSCC by targeting PLD1/Wnt/beta-catenin pathway (PMID:31379206)
• miR-638 represses the stem cell characteristics of breast cancer cells by targeting E2F2. (PMID:31410735)
• MiR-638 regulates gastric cardia adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion by targeting MACC1. (PMID:32064885)
• Methylationassociated silencing of miR638 promotes endometrial carcinoma progression by targeting MEF2C. (PMID:32186750)
• Serum miR-638 Combined with Squamous Cell Carcinoma-Related Antigen as Potential Screening Biomarkers for Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma. (PMID:32216635)
• NEAT1 knockdown suppresses endothelial cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by regulating miR638/AKT/mTOR signaling in atherosclerosis. (PMID:32377692)
• miR-638 in circulating leukaemia cells as a non-invasive biomarker in diagnosis, treatment response and MRD surveillance of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. (PMID:32568176)
• Hsa_circ_0043278 functions as competitive endogenous RNA to enhance glioblastoma multiforme progression by sponging miR-638. (PMID:33154193)
• MicroRNA-638 induces apoptosis and autophagy in human liver cancer cells by targeting enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). (PMID:33290872)
• Serum exosomal miR-638 is a prognostic marker of HCC via downregulation of VE-cadherin and ZO-1 of endothelial cells. (PMID:33426736)
• Evaluation of MicroRNA92, MicroRNA638 in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia of Egyptian Children. (PMID:34048187)
• Circular RNA TADA2A promotes proliferation and migration via modulating of miR638/KIAA0101 signal in nonsmall cell lung cancer. (PMID:34296306)
• New biomarkers in peripheral blood of patients with ovarian cancer: high expression levels of miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, and miR-638. (PMID:34370073)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.