MOGAT1

Summary

MOGAT1 (monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1, HGNC:18210) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 2q36.1, encoding 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (Q96PD6). Involved in glycerolipid synthesis and lipid metabolism.

Acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MOGAT; EC 2.3.1.22) catalyzes the synthesis of diacylglycerols, the precursor of physiologically important lipids such as triacylglycerol and phospholipids (Yen et al., 2002 [PubMed 12077311]).

Source: NCBI Gene 116255 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 2
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 57 total — 1 pathogenic
• MANE Select transcript: NM_058165

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:18210
Approved symbol	MOGAT1
Name	monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1
Location	2q36.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	DGAT2L, MGAT1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000124003
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	610268
Entrez	116255

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 protein_coding

ENST00000446656

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_058165 NM_058165

CCDS: CCDS46524

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000446656 — 6 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000843692	222689265	222689469
ENSE00000843693	222694362	222694536
ENSE00000965143	222695089	222695288
ENSE00001601851	222671658	222671879
ENSE00001713610	222688344	222688522
ENSE00001891677	222709736	222709930

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 95 present calls, max score 83.39.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 0.5911 / max 52.7908, expressed in 136 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
25624	0.3819	69
25623	0.1115	53
25622	0.0534	13
25625	0.0443	21

Top tissues by expression

211 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	83.39	gold quality
mammalian vulva	UBERON:0000997	75.56	gold quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	73.70	gold quality
buccal mucosa cell	CL:0002336	71.30	silver quality
nipple	UBERON:0002030	70.20	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	70.15	gold quality
upper leg skin	UBERON:0004262	69.17	gold quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	67.64	gold quality
caput epididymis	UBERON:0004358	66.47	gold quality
corpus epididymis	UBERON:0004359	65.70	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	62.84	gold quality
cauda epididymis	UBERON:0004360	56.95	gold quality
parietal pleura	UBERON:0002400	55.34	gold quality
adipose tissue	UBERON:0001013	55.28	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	55.17	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	54.75	gold quality
pericardium	UBERON:0002407	54.35	gold quality
minor salivary gland	UBERON:0001830	54.29	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii	UBERON:0004502	54.16	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	53.76	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	53.62	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	53.59	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	53.48	gold quality
cardiac ventricle	UBERON:0002082	53.07	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	52.95	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	52.79	gold quality
mouth mucosa	UBERON:0003729	52.45	gold quality
visceral pleura	UBERON:0002401	52.42	silver quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	52.40	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23	UBERON:0013554	52.38	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	2.74

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): PPARG

Cross-species orthologs

10 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	mogat3a	ENSDARG00000086481
mus_musculus	Mogat1	ENSMUSG00000012187
rattus_norvegicus	Mogat1	ENSRNOG00000014692
drosophila_melanogaster	CG1941	FBGN0033214
drosophila_melanogaster	Dgat2	FBGN0033215
drosophila_melanogaster	CG1946	FBGN0033216
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00010296
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00019464
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00020910
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00021818

Paralogs (6): DGAT2 (ENSG00000062282), MOGAT3 (ENSG00000106384), AWAT2 (ENSG00000147160), MOGAT2 (ENSG00000166391), DGAT2L6 (ENSG00000184210), AWAT1 (ENSG00000204195)

Protein

Protein identifiers

2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 — Q96PD6 (reviewed: Q96PD6)

Alternative names: Acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 1, Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase candidate 2, Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2-like protein 1, Monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1

All UniProt accessions (1): Q96PD6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Involved in glycerolipid synthesis and lipid metabolism. Catalyzes the formation of diacylglycerol, the precursor of triacylglycerol, by transferring the acyl chain of a fatty acyl-CoA to a monoacylglycerol, mainly at the sn-1 or sn-3 positions. It uses both sn-2-monoacylglycerol (2-acylglycerol) and sn-1-monoacylglycerol (1-acyl-sn-glycerol) equally well as substrates, and uses sn-3-monoacylglycerol (3-acyl-sn-glycerol) with lower efficiency. Probably not involved in absorption of dietary fat in the small intestine.

Subcellular location. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in stomach and liver.

Pathway. Glycerolipid metabolism; triacylglycerol biosynthesis.

Similarity. Belongs to the diacylglycerol acyltransferase family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_477513* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR007130	DAGAT	Family

Pfam: PF03982

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 2.3.1.22 — 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase (BRENDA: 15 organisms, 98 substrates, 122 inhibitors, 13 Km, 0 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

10 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 10. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
1-OLEOYL-SN-GLYCEROL	0.0056–0.0148	2
OLEOYL-COA	0.0083–0.0094	2
PALMITOYL-COA	0.0065–0.0175	2
1-PALMITOYLGLYCEROL	0.0164	1
2-OLEOYL-SN-GLYCEROL	0.16	1
LINOLEOYL-COA	0.047	1
SN-2-MONOLINOLENOYLGLYCEROL	0.0071	1
SN-2-MONOLINOLEOYLGLYCEROL	0.011	1
SN-2-MONOOLEOYLGLYCEROL	0.021	1
STEAROYL-COA	0.0257	1

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 12 shown:

• a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacylglycerol + CoA (RHEA:16741)
• a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA (RHEA:32947)
• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA (RHEA:37915)
• 1-dodecanoylglycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-dodecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA (RHEA:38115)
• 1-tetradecanoylglycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-tetradecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA (RHEA:38119)
• 1-hexadecanoylglycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA (RHEA:38123)
• 1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA (RHEA:38131)
• 1-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA (RHEA:38135)
• 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA (RHEA:38139)
• a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 2,3-diacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA (RHEA:38467)
• a 1-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacylglycerol + CoA (RHEA:39943)
• 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA (RHEA:39951)

UniProt features (10 total): transmembrane region 3, glycosylation site 3, sequence variant 2, chain 1, sequence conflict 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q96PD6-F1	94.05	0.86

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Glycosylation sites (3): 121, 125, 180

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

4 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-75109	Triglyceride biosynthesis
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism
R-HSA-556833	Metabolism of lipids
R-HSA-8979227	Triglyceride metabolism

MSigDB gene sets: 324 (showing top): GSE45365_HEALTHY_VS_MCMV_INFECTION_CD8_TCELL_IFNAR_KO_DN, GSE18804_BRAIN_VS_COLON_TUMORAL_MACROPHAGE_UP, MORF_RAGE, GOBP_EMBRYO_DEVELOPMENT_ENDING_IN_BIRTH_OR_EGG_HATCHING, GOBP_PROTEIN_N_LINKED_GLYCOSYLATION, GOBP_POLYOL_METABOLIC_PROCESS, KEGG_N_GLYCAN_BIOSYNTHESIS, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_CATABOLIC_PROCESS, DACOSTA_UV_RESPONSE_VIA_ERCC3_UP, GOBP_MONOSACCHARIDE_CATABOLIC_PROCESS, DARWICHE_SKIN_TUMOR_PROMOTER_DN, DARWICHE_PAPILLOMA_RISK_LOW_UP, DARWICHE_PAPILLOMA_RISK_HIGH_UP, GOBP_ORGANOPHOSPHATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, DARWICHE_SQUAMOUS_CELL_CARCINOMA_DN

GO Biological Process (4): glycerol metabolic process (GO:0006071), diacylglycerol biosynthetic process (GO:0006651), triglyceride biosynthetic process (GO:0019432), lipid metabolic process (GO:0006629)

GO Molecular Function (5): 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity (GO:0003846), diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity (GO:0004144), obsolete O-acyltransferase activity (GO:0008374), transferase activity (GO:0016740), acyltransferase activity (GO:0016746)

GO Cellular Component (3): endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789), endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-3 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Triglyceride metabolism	1
Metabolism	1
Metabolism of lipids	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
acylglycerol biosynthetic process	2
acylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity	2
carbohydrate metabolic process	1
polyol metabolic process	1
diacylglycerol metabolic process	1
triglyceride metabolic process	1
primary metabolic process	1
catalytic activity	1
transferase activity	1
organelle membrane	1
nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network	1
endoplasmic reticulum subcompartment	1
cytoplasm	1
endomembrane system	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

938 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
MOGAT1	DGAT1	O75907	954
MOGAT1	AGPAT1	Q99943	627
MOGAT1	AGPAT3	Q9NRZ7	608
MOGAT1	CIDEC	Q96AQ7	593
MOGAT1	GPAT3	Q53EU6	530
MOGAT1	FASN	P49327	522
MOGAT1	CANX	P27824	504
MOGAT1	AGPAT2	O15120	495
MOGAT1	CD36	P16671	493
MOGAT1	ELOVL6	Q9H5J4	485
MOGAT1	PLPP2	O43688	483
MOGAT1	LPIN1	Q14693	473
MOGAT1	SCD	O00767	465
MOGAT1	SREBF1	P36956	454
MOGAT1	ACSL3	O95573	454

IntAct

2 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
MOGAT1	POTEE	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400

BioGRID (3): POTEE (Affinity Capture-MS), MOGAT1 (Negative Genetic), MOGAT1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2ADU8, A2ADU9, A6QP72, F6ZFR0, O74850, O94361, P51658, Q08650, Q16635, Q22267, Q32LS6, Q3UN02, Q41745, Q4V8A1, Q4V9F0, Q502J0, Q54GC1, Q58HT5, Q58NB6, Q5F3X0, Q62730, Q6CF02, Q6E1M8, Q6E213, Q6IV76, Q6IV77, Q6IV78, Q6IV82, Q6IV83, Q6IV84, Q6IWY1, Q6P342, Q6PAZ3, Q6ZPD8, Q7TQA3, Q8LG50, Q8N3Y7, Q8TC12, Q8VD48, Q91WF0

Diamond homologs: A2ADU8, A2ADU9, A6QP72, K7K424, O74850, Q08650, Q28C88, Q2KHS5, Q3KPP4, Q3SYC2, Q4V9F0, Q54GC1, Q58HT5, Q5FVP8, Q5M7F4, Q5M8H5, Q6E1M8, Q6E213, Q6P342, Q6PAZ3, Q6ZPD8, Q70VZ7, Q70VZ8, Q75BY0, Q80W94, Q86VF5, Q91ZV4, Q96PD6, Q96PD7, Q96UY1, Q96UY2, Q9ASU1, Q9DCV3, A1A442, Q9ZVN2

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

57 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	49
Likely benign	0
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
980009	GRCh37/hg19 2q36.1(chr2:222621434-224754689)x1	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

1854 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
2:222671875:GCTCG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
2:222671880:G:GA	donor_loss	1.0000
2:222671880:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
2:222671881:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
2:222688338:TTACA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:222688339:TACAG:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:222688341:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:222688342:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:222688342:A:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:222688342:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:222688343:G:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:222688343:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:222688343:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:222688518:TTCAT:T	donor_gain	1.0000
2:222688519:TCAT:T	donor_gain	1.0000
2:222688520:CAT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
2:222688521:ATGT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
2:222688522:TG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
2:222688523:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
2:222688524:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
2:222694359:AAG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:222694359:AAGG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:222694360:A:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:222694535:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
2:222694536:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
2:222695087:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:222695088:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:222695231:G:T	donor_gain	1.0000
2:222709734:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:222709735:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

2200 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
2:222694511:T:C	F210L	0.947
2:222694513:T:A	F210L	0.947
2:222694513:T:G	F210L	0.947
2:222695114:T:C	F227L	0.899
2:222695116:T:A	F227L	0.899
2:222695116:T:G	F227L	0.899
2:222694524:C:A	A214D	0.874
2:222694385:A:C	S168R	0.871
2:222694387:T:A	S168R	0.871
2:222694387:T:G	S168R	0.871
2:222709845:A:C	K321N	0.870
2:222709845:A:T	K321N	0.870
2:222689305:T:A	I105K	0.860
2:222689388:T:C	F133L	0.858
2:222689390:T:A	F133L	0.858
2:222689390:T:G	F133L	0.858
2:222688511:T:C	F88L	0.851
2:222688513:T:A	F88L	0.851
2:222688513:T:G	F88L	0.851
2:222695100:T:A	V222D	0.848
2:222694515:T:A	V211D	0.841
2:222689355:T:C	F122L	0.837
2:222689357:T:A	F122L	0.837
2:222689357:T:G	F122L	0.837
2:222709831:T:C	F317L	0.831
2:222709833:T:A	F317L	0.831
2:222709833:T:G	F317L	0.831
2:222689313:T:C	F108L	0.818
2:222689315:T:A	F108L	0.818
2:222689315:T:G	F108L	0.818

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000019983 (2:222684629 T>C), RS1000069404 (2:222684413 A>G), RS1000228601 (2:222705729 G>A), RS1000329341 (2:222686204 T>C), RS1000364465 (2:222678207 G>A), RS1000403018 (2:222685901 T>C,G), RS1000565424 (2:222708710 G>A), RS1000634684 (2:222690535 C>A,T), RS1000844720 (2:222710094 C>T), RS1000914824 (2:222691281 C>T), RS1000973214 (2:222679373 T>A), RS1001022963 (2:222685803 G>A), RS1001075571 (2:222685604 T>C), RS1001099820 (2:222697728 C>T), RS1001268935 (2:222683652 C>A,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:610268 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002812_2	Schizophrenia (inflammation and infection response interaction)	2.000000e-06
GCST003989_15	Chin dimples	2.000000e-17

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007050	HSV1 seropositivity

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

26 total (human), top 26 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	decreases expression, increases methylation	3
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation, affects expression, decreases expression	3
Nickel	decreases expression	2
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	decreases expression	2
cinnabarinic acid	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
bisphenol A	increases methylation	1
sodium arsenite	decreases expression	1
2-palmitoylglycerol	increases expression	1
bisphenol S	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
MT19c compound	decreases expression	1
Troglitazone	increases expression	1
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	1
Dexamethasone	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression	1
Diethylhexyl Phthalate	decreases expression	1
Estradiol	decreases expression	1
Indomethacin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression	1
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine	decreases expression	1
Quercetin	increases expression	1
Urethane	decreases expression	1
Valproic Acid	decreases methylation	1
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine	increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Cyclosporine	decreases expression	1
Oleic Acid	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
Palmitic Acid	increases expression, decreases reaction	1
Okadaic Acid	decreases expression	1
Copper Sulfate	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.