MPP1

gene
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Also known as PEMP

Summary

MPP1 (MAGUK p55 scaffold protein 1, HGNC:7219) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome Xq28, encoding 55 kDa erythrocyte membrane protein (Q00013). Essential regulator of neutrophil polarity.

This gene encodes the prototype of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family proteins. MAGUKs interact with the cytoskeleton and regulate cell proliferation, signaling pathways, and intercellular junctions. The encoded protein is an extensively palmitoylated membrane phosphoprotein containing a PDZ domain, a Src homology 3 (SH3) motif, and a guanylate kinase domain. This gene product interacts with various cytoskeletal proteins and cell junctional proteins in different tissue and cell types, and may be involved in the regulation of cell shape, hair cell development, neural patterning of the retina, and apico-basal polarity and tumor suppression pathways in non-erythroid cells. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Source: NCBI Gene 4354 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 6
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 170 total
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_002436

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:7219
Approved symbolMPP1
NameMAGUK p55 scaffold protein 1
LocationXq28
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesPEMP
Ensembl geneENSG00000130830
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM305360
Entrez4354

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 26 — 15 protein_coding, 5 retained_intron, 4 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000369531, ENST00000369534, ENST00000393529, ENST00000393531, ENST00000413259, ENST00000417435, ENST00000428488, ENST00000439370, ENST00000453245, ENST00000462825, ENST00000471821, ENST00000475943, ENST00000482757, ENST00000488694, ENST00000488754, ENST00000491955, ENST00000493871, ENST00000494170, ENST00000907097, ENST00000907098, ENST00000907099, ENST00000907100, ENST00000934478, ENST00000955645, ENST00000955646, ENST00000955647

RefSeq mRNA: 4 — MANE Select: NM_002436 NM_001166460, NM_001166461, NM_001166462, NM_002436

CCDS: CCDS14762, CCDS55544, CCDS55545

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000369534 — 12 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE00001696815154805272154805485
ENSE00001863406154778684154779353
ENSE00003492827154791769154791847
ENSE00003516788154790983154791068
ENSE00003531049154785051154785157
ENSE00003533989154781239154781313
ENSE00003568212154784028154784108
ENSE00003627769154789954154790022
ENSE00003635533154792142154792285
ENSE00003637682154781600154781802
ENSE00003641614154783427154783507
ENSE00003644786154786204154786400

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 285 present calls, max score 98.46.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 44.8755 / max 2647.6399, expressed in 1634 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (10 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
20106938.73701618
2010673.0590841
2010661.2521578
2010650.7524349
2010680.2708115
2010710.267841
2010700.259194
2010620.215940
2010630.052518
2010610.00895

Top tissues by expression

294 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
monocyteCL:000057698.46gold quality
mononuclear cellCL:000084298.28gold quality
leukocyteCL:000073898.06gold quality
bloodUBERON:000017897.92gold quality
jejunal mucosaUBERON:000039997.76gold quality
trabecular bone tissueUBERON:000248397.53gold quality
bone marrowUBERON:000237196.98gold quality
bone marrow cellCL:000209296.12gold quality
duodenumUBERON:000211495.63gold quality
right lungUBERON:000216795.27gold quality
spleenUBERON:000210695.07gold quality
granulocyteCL:000009494.51gold quality
thymusUBERON:000237094.49gold quality
cerebellar hemisphereUBERON:000224594.45gold quality
cerebellar cortexUBERON:000212994.42gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellumUBERON:001489094.39gold quality
upper lobe of left lungUBERON:000895294.36gold quality
gall bladderUBERON:000211094.27gold quality
left adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582594.13gold quality
left adrenal glandUBERON:000123494.08gold quality
right frontal lobeUBERON:000281094.06gold quality
right adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582794.05gold quality
upper lobe of lungUBERON:000894893.94gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9UBERON:001354093.78gold quality
cerebellumUBERON:000203793.59gold quality
right adrenal glandUBERON:000123393.57gold quality
placentaUBERON:000198793.53gold quality
ponsUBERON:000098893.44gold quality
prefrontal cortexUBERON:000045193.42gold quality
adrenal cortexUBERON:000123593.31gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 13 experiment(s), a significant marker in 13.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-HCAD-4yes155.19
E-MTAB-6701yes124.49
E-MTAB-10042yes33.22
E-MTAB-9221yes23.98
E-CURD-122yes23.47
E-HCAD-10yes16.85
E-MTAB-9067yes12.98
E-MTAB-6678yes12.04
E-MTAB-9388yes10.31
E-HCAD-1yes7.83
E-HCAD-9yes7.60
E-MTAB-9467yes5.25
E-ANND-3no0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

39 targeting MPP1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-32-5P99.9875.211964
HSA-MIR-92A-3P99.9875.211960
HSA-MIR-92B-3P99.9875.251955
HSA-MIR-25-3P99.9874.601817
HSA-MIR-363-3P99.9874.721821
HSA-MIR-367-3P99.9874.831819
HSA-MIR-60799.9773.625593
HSA-MIR-515-5P99.9269.822343
HSA-MIR-519E-5P99.9269.622358
HSA-MIR-130599.9171.433443
HSA-MIR-153-5P99.8973.866317
HSA-MIR-3140-3P99.8868.472069
HSA-MIR-605-3P99.8869.221833
HSA-MIR-137-3P99.8774.742401
HSA-MIR-4446-5P99.7269.192544
HSA-MIR-4755-5P99.7170.342716
HSA-MIR-5006-3P99.7170.262728
HSA-MIR-612699.6268.09996
HSA-MIR-519D-5P99.4169.302057
HSA-MIR-569599.4167.481047
HSA-MIR-1912-3P99.3267.40936
HSA-MIR-3064-5P99.2666.131497
HSA-MIR-3085-3P99.2666.161490
HSA-MIR-6504-5P99.2665.951487
HSA-MIR-1295B-5P99.0367.50810
HSA-MIR-423-5P98.6967.481522
HSA-MIR-3135B98.6165.331470
HSA-MIR-3184-5P98.5667.131491
HSA-MIR-6873-5P98.4566.141417
HSA-MIR-6864-5P98.3866.591079

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 10)

  • Results show the NMR-derived structure of the human erythroid p55 PDZ domain and propose a possible interaction mode with the C-terminus of glycophorin C. (PMID:16741958)
  • MPP1 links the Usher protein network and the Crumbs protein complex in the retina (PMID:17584769)
  • p55 binds to two distinct sites within the FERM domain, and the alternatively spliced exon 5 is necessary for the membrane targeting of protein 4.1R in epithelial cells. (PMID:18952129)
  • p55-NF2 protein interaction may play a functional role in the regulation of apico-basal polarity and tumor suppression pathways in non-erythroid cells. (PMID:19144871)
  • MPP1 gene expression is decreased in both classic and follicular variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma. (PMID:21509594)
  • MPP1 knockdown significantly affects the activation of MAP-kinase signaling. (PMID:23507198)
  • Studies indicate that palmitoylated erythrocyte membrane protein p55 (MPP1) and its palmitoylation play a crucial role in lateral membrane organization in erythroid cells. (PMID:25408337)
  • conclusion, the data demonstrates that MPP1 interacts with lipid mixtures in two different model membrane systems. (PMID:28653654)
  • A new perspective on the role of MPP1 in erythroid cells suggests that direct MPP1-flotillins interactions could be the major driving-force behind the formation of raft domains in red blood cells. (PMID:28865798)
  • Data suggest that targeting the ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 (ABCC4)-membrane palmitoylated protein 1 (MPP1) protein complex can lead to new therapies to improve treatment outcome of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (PMID:29146910)

Cross-species orthologs

8 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriompp1ENSDARG00000105287
mus_musculusMpp1ENSMUSG00000031402
drosophila_melanogasterCASKFBGN0013759
drosophila_melanogastermetroFBGN0050021
drosophila_melanogastervariFBGN0250785
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00002991
caenorhabditis_elegansmagu-3WBGENE00016841
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00021914

Paralogs (7): PALS1 (ENSG00000072415), MPP4 (ENSG00000082126), PALS2 (ENSG00000105926), MPP2 (ENSG00000108852), CASK (ENSG00000147044), MPP7 (ENSG00000150054), MPP3 (ENSG00000161647)

Protein

Protein identifiers

55 kDa erythrocyte membrane proteinQ00013 (reviewed: Q00013)

Alternative names: Membrane protein, palmitoylated 1

All UniProt accessions (7): Q00013, A6NFY0, A8MTH1, C9J9J4, C9JB34, F8WC84, F8WDV6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Essential regulator of neutrophil polarity. Regulates neutrophil polarization by regulating AKT1 phosphorylation through a mechanism that is independent of PIK3CG activity.

Subunit / interactions. Heterodimer with PALS1. Interacts with DLG5 and NF2. Interacts (via guanylate kinase-like domain) with WHRN (via third PDZ domain).

Subcellular location. Cell membrane. Cell projection. Stereocilium.

Tissue specificity. Ubiquitous.

Post-translational modifications. Palmitoylated.

Similarity. Belongs to the MAGUK family.

Isoforms (3)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
Q00013-11yes
Q00013-22
Q00013-33

RefSeq proteins (4): NP_001159932, NP_001159933, NP_001159934, NP_002427* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR001452SH3_domainDomain
IPR001478PDZDomain
IPR008144Guanylate_kin-like_domDomain
IPR008145GK/Ca_channel_bsuDomain
IPR020590Guanylate_kinase_CSConserved_site
IPR027417P-loop_NTPaseHomologous_superfamily
IPR035475MPP1_SH3Domain
IPR036028SH3-like_dom_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR036034PDZ_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR050716MAGUKFamily

Pfam: PF00018, PF00595, PF00625

UniProt features (45 total): strand 14, helix 10, modified residue 8, domain 3, turn 3, splice variant 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, sequence variant 1, sequence conflict 1, region of interest 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

3 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
3NEYX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.26
2EJYSOLUTION NMR
2EV8SOLUTION NMR

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q00013-F178.770.51

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (8): 52, 57, 110, 243, 2, 13, 19, 49

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-9662361Sensory processing of sound by outer hair cells of the cochlea

MSigDB gene sets: 364 (showing top): SHEPARD_BMYB_MORPHOLINO_UP, GOBP_NUCLEOSIDE_DIPHOSPHATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_MYELOID_LEUKOCYTE_MIGRATION, GOBP_CELL_CHEMOTAXIS, KAAB_FAILED_HEART_ATRIUM_DN, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_FLUID_SHEAR_STRESS, MODULE_45, IVANOVA_HEMATOPOIESIS_MATURE_CELL, GOBP_ORGANOPHOSPHATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, LUCAS_HNF4A_TARGETS_UP, ACEVEDO_LIVER_CANCER_WITH_H3K27ME3_UP, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_LEUKOCYTE_MIGRATION, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GNF2_ANK1, GOBP_LEUKOCYTE_CHEMOTAXIS

GO Biological Process (4): signal transduction (GO:0007165), regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis (GO:0090022), GMP metabolic process (GO:0046037), GDP metabolic process (GO:0046710)

GO Molecular Function (3): GMP kinase activity (GO:0004385), signaling receptor binding (GO:0005102), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (10): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), cell-cell junction (GO:0005911), membrane (GO:0016020), cortical cytoskeleton (GO:0030863), stereocilium (GO:0032420), centriolar satellite (GO:0034451), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), cell projection (GO:0042995), organelle (GO:0043226), cell periphery (GO:0071944)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Sensory processing of sound1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
cellular anatomical structure5
purine ribonucleotide metabolic process2
cell communication1
cellular process1
signaling1
regulation of cellular process1
cellular response to stimulus1
neutrophil chemotaxis1
regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis1
regulation of neutrophil migration1
purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process1
purine ribonucleoside diphosphate metabolic process1
GMP metabolic process1
GDP metabolic process1
nucleoside monophosphate kinase activity1
protein binding1
binding1
membrane1
cell periphery1
anchoring junction1
cytoskeleton1
cell cortex1
stereocilium bundle1
neuron projection1
actin-based cell projection1
centrosome1
intracellular membraneless organelle1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1738 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
MPP1EPB41P11171871
MPP1KIF13BQ9NQT8769
MPP1GYPCP04921735
MPP1WHRNQ9P202701
MPP1LIN7AO14910663
MPP1LRRC4CQ9HCJ2649
MPP1SORBS3O60504648
MPP1EPB41L2O43491592
MPP1DMTNQ08495585
MPP1DLG5Q8TDM6566
MPP1MYO15AQ9UKN7565
MPP1G6PDP11413564
MPP1TJP1Q07157560
MPP1USH1GQ495M9543
MPP1ADGRV1Q8WXG9533

IntAct

174 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
MPP1ABCC4psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.780
MPP1ABCC4psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
ABCC4MPP1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
MPP1ABCC4psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)0.780
ABCC4MPP1psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.780
KLHL12MPP1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.720
MPP1DNPEPpsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.720
DNPEPMPP1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.720
MPP1KLHL12psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.720
CFTRESYT2psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)0.710
MPP1GYPCpsi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.680
GYPCMPP1psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.680
MPP1GYPCpsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.680
SRSF10MPP1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
MPP1MEOX2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
MPP1ZNF639psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560

BioGRID (137): DNPEP (Two-hybrid), KLHL12 (Two-hybrid), AMOTL2 (Two-hybrid), MPP1 (Co-fractionation), MPP1 (Proximity Label-MS), DKC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), HDAC2 (Affinity Capture-MS), AGFG1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MPP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MPP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), NCBP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PRDX1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PRDX2 (Affinity Capture-MS), TAF1B (Affinity Capture-MS), FAM13A (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A1A5G4, A2ALK8, A8MUH7, A9CB74, F1M386, F1MSG6, F1PBJ0, O14745, O14907, O14936, O70589, P19878, P26045, P70290, P70441, P70600, Q00013, Q09506, Q14289, Q17QN6, Q28619, Q3SZK8, Q3T0X8, Q4L1J4, Q4R6G4, Q570Y9, Q5F488, Q5RCF7, Q5RDW4, Q5T2W1, Q5TCQ9, Q5ZIJ9, Q5ZJ00, Q60629, Q62915, Q69ZS7, Q6RHR9, Q865P3, Q8CHG7, Q8TB45

Diamond homologs: A6QQZ7, A8KBF6, A9CB74, B4F7E7, D3ZAA9, E2QY99, G5ECY0, O14936, O34328, O70589, O88910, O88954, P0C0M9, P15454, P31006, P31007, P44310, P46195, P49697, P54936, P65219, P65220, P65221, P70175, P70290, P72648, P93757, P99176, Q00013, Q13368, Q14168, Q15700, Q16774, Q17QN6, Q182S8, Q24210, Q2FHM9, Q2G1U0, Q2QPW1, Q2S8R2

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

170 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance40
Likely benign4
Benign3

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

0 predictions. Top by Δscore:

AlphaMissense

3088 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
X:154786277:A:GW202R1.000
X:154786277:A:TW202R1.000
X:154786274:A:GW203R0.999
X:154786274:A:TW203R0.999
X:154786275:C:AW202C0.999
X:154786275:C:GW202C0.999
X:154786213:A:GL223P0.998
X:154786225:G:TP219H0.998
X:154786231:A:GL217S0.998
X:154786276:C:GW202S0.998
X:154786324:A:GF186S0.998
X:154791800:T:AR98S0.998
X:154791800:T:GR98S0.998
X:154791801:C:AR98I0.998
X:154791801:C:GR98T0.998
X:154791847:C:GG83R0.998
X:154791847:C:TG83R0.998
X:154784082:A:CY271D0.997
X:154786222:G:AS220F0.997
X:154786225:G:CP219R0.997
X:154786267:C:TG205E0.997
X:154786268:C:GG205R0.997
X:154786268:C:TG205R0.997
X:154786269:C:AQ204H0.997
X:154786269:C:GQ204H0.997
X:154786272:C:AW203C0.997
X:154786272:C:GW203C0.997
X:154786323:A:CF186L0.997
X:154786323:A:TF186L0.997
X:154786325:A:GF186L0.997

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000267506 (X:154785303 G>A), RS1000631793 (X:154803983 A>T), RS1000707631 (X:154795582 T>C), RS1000982646 (X:154804776 C>T), RS1001306546 (X:154799794 G>C), RS1001382541 (X:154790430 T>C), RS1001436360 (X:154789795 G>A,T), RS1002254102 (X:154802225 T>A), RS1002349838 (X:154783063 A>G), RS1002388764 (X:154793058 T>C), RS1002664863 (X:154778458 C>T), RS1002933468 (X:154798404 C>T), RS1003020689 (X:154778896 C>T), RS1003115060 (X:154787534 T>A), RS1003396534 (X:154797810 C>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:305360 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

6 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST001779_11Hematology traits1.000000e-11
GCST001781_2Mean corpuscular volume4.000000e-10
GCST001873_1Red blood cell traits2.000000e-16
GCST001873_11Red blood cell traits4.000000e-19
GCST001873_4Red blood cell traits4.000000e-18
GCST001873_9Red blood cell traits4.000000e-14

EFO canonical traits (3, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0004305erythrocyte count
EFO:0004348hematocrit
EFO:0004509hemoglobin measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

43 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Valproic Acidincreases expression, affects cotreatment4
Benzo(a)pyrenedecreases expression, increases methylation, affects methylation3
Tretinoinaffects cotreatment, decreases reaction, increases expression3
bisphenol Aaffects expression, decreases methylation2
sodium arseniteaffects expression, increases expression2
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamideaffects cotreatment, decreases reaction, increases expression2
Air Pollutantsdecreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases oxidation2
Phenylmercuric Acetateaffects cotreatment, increases expression2
Cyclosporineincreases expression2
FR900359affects phosphorylation1
bisphenol Fincreases expression1
alpha-pineneaffects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance1
propionaldehydeincreases expression1
glycidyl methacrylatedecreases expression1
arseniteaffects binding, increases reaction1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphateincreases expression1
butyraldehydeincreases expression1
potassium chromate(VI)decreases expression1
methacrylaldehydeaffects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance1
Chir 99021affects cotreatment, decreases reaction, increases expression1
ICG 001decreases expression1
dorsomorphinaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
jinfukangdecreases expression, increases expression, affects cotreatment1
4-(4-((5-(4,5-dimethyl-2-nitrophenyl)-2-furanyl)methylene)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzoic aciddecreases expression1
Temozolomidedecreases expression1
Sunitinibdecreases expression1
Acetaminophenincreases expression1
Acroleinaffects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance1
Cisplatinaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Diethylhexyl Phthalateincreases expression1

Cellosaurus cell lines

1 cell lines: 1 transformed cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_B3B5Abcam HEK293T MPP1 KOTransformed cell lineFemale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.