MSH3

gene
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Also known as DUPMRP1

Summary

MSH3 (mutS homolog 3, HGNC:7326) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 5q14.1, encoding DNA mismatch repair protein Msh3 (P20585). Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR).

The protein encoded by this gene forms a heterodimer with MSH2 to form MutS beta, part of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system. MutS beta initiates mismatch repair by binding to a mismatch and then forming a complex with MutL alpha heterodimer. This gene contains a polymorphic 9 bp tandem repeat sequence in the first exon. The repeat is present 6 times in the reference genome sequence and 3-7 repeats have been reported. Defects in this gene are a cause of susceptibility to endometrial cancer.

Source: NCBI Gene 4437 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • Gene–disease (curated): familial adenomatous polyposis 4 (Definitive, ClinGen) — +2 more curated relationships
  • GWAS associations: 7
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 4,911 total — 378 pathogenic, 107 likely-pathogenic
  • Phenotypes (HPO): 24
  • Dosage sensitivity (ClinGen): haploinsufficiency autosomal recessive, triplosensitivity no evidence
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_002439

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:7326
Approved symbolMSH3
NamemutS homolog 3
Location5q14.1
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesDUP, MRP1
Ensembl geneENSG00000113318
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM600887
Entrez4437

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 13 — 9 protein_coding, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000265081, ENST00000512258, ENST00000512531, ENST00000658259, ENST00000659302, ENST00000667069, ENST00000670357, ENST00000875834, ENST00000875835, ENST00000875836, ENST00000933917, ENST00000969133, ENST00000969134

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_002439 NM_002439

CCDS: CCDS34195

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000265081 — 24 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000007571718079273380792844
ENSE000007571748081358480813741
ENSE000007571778085413080854316
ENSE000007571818086481380864942
ENSE000007571848087311680873287
ENSE000011204058087575180876815
ENSE000011632908077872080778836
ENSE000011632968077569480775758
ENSE000011633038076883580769003
ENSE000011633108076793380768120
ENSE000011633158076154680761678
ENSE000011633398067892780679093
ENSE000011915828067224480672360
ENSE000011915898067009780670309
ENSE000011915948066514380665363
ENSE000011915988065641180656531
ENSE000012448668065465280654964
ENSE000012448808078756580787672
ENSE000015053448067498380675128
ENSE000015053458067274180672858
ENSE000034795888072545380725565
ENSE000036115198072885180728965
ENSE000036336618074450680744615
ENSE000036654698074146480741548

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 287 present calls, max score 95.21.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 18.9089 / max 178.7572, expressed in 1812 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
5731610.95501777
573175.11781624
573181.4968932
573191.3392711

Top tissues by expression

295 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
buccal mucosa cellCL:000233695.21silver quality
bronchial epithelial cellCL:000232894.20gold quality
mucosa of paranasal sinusUBERON:000503094.17gold quality
epithelium of bronchusUBERON:000203193.21gold quality
bronchusUBERON:000218592.97gold quality
secondary oocyteCL:000065591.67gold quality
oocyteCL:000002387.81gold quality
cardia of stomachUBERON:000116287.61gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonadCL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:000099187.47gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testisCL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:000047387.39gold quality
vena cavaUBERON:000408787.36silver quality
renal medullaUBERON:000036287.00gold quality
lateral globus pallidusUBERON:000247686.62gold quality
subthalamic nucleusUBERON:000190686.54gold quality
calcaneal tendonUBERON:000370186.54gold quality
ventral tegmental areaUBERON:000269186.53gold quality
corpus callosumUBERON:000233686.37gold quality
inferior vagus X ganglionUBERON:000536386.23gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulataUBERON:000196686.14gold quality
superior surface of tongueUBERON:000737185.91gold quality
pericardiumUBERON:000240785.82gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosaUBERON:000538685.75gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamusUBERON:000273685.74gold quality
caput epididymisUBERON:000435885.65gold quality
ponsUBERON:000098885.59gold quality
CA1 field of hippocampusUBERON:000388185.45gold quality
pylorusUBERON:000116685.38gold quality
substantia nigra pars compactaUBERON:000196585.35gold quality
nippleUBERON:000203085.31gold quality
superior vestibular nucleusUBERON:000722785.15gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3yes7.22
E-CURD-112no2.53

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): GLI2, IRF6, NFKB

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

54 targeting MSH3, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3163100.0077.238605
HSA-MIR-428299.9975.366408
HSA-MIR-477599.9875.006394
HSA-MIR-590-3P99.9674.346478
HSA-MIR-7-1-3P99.9171.534384
HSA-MIR-7-2-3P99.9171.404394
HSA-MIR-129799.9173.413162
HSA-MIR-627-3P99.9071.423316
HSA-LET-7A-2-3P99.8770.531921
HSA-LET-7G-3P99.8570.431929
HSA-MIR-26A-5P99.7873.522303
HSA-MIR-26B-5P99.7873.512305
HSA-MIR-471999.7372.103329
HSA-MIR-446599.7172.562096
HSA-MIR-365999.7067.97694
HSA-MIR-7-5P99.6770.531809
HSA-MIR-26A-1-3P99.6466.81788
HSA-MIR-26A-2-3P99.6466.82786
HSA-MIR-1212299.5669.331672
HSA-MIR-451B99.5568.281380
HSA-MIR-136-5P99.5067.261153
HSA-MIR-5571-5P99.4966.991764
HSA-MIR-4687-3P99.4866.41968
HSA-MIR-548AV-3P99.4368.501721
HSA-MIR-513A-3P99.3970.633620
HSA-MIR-513C-3P99.3970.633620
HSA-MIR-377-3P99.3770.181905
HSA-MIR-1211399.3267.541072
HSA-MIR-504-3P99.3067.181745
HSA-MIR-4727-5P99.2367.551154

Functional genomics

ClinGen dosage: haploinsufficiency 30 (autosomal recessive), triplosensitivity 0 (no evidence). ClinGen Gene Dosage Map

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

  • hMSH2-hMSH3 did not appear to bind any of the 8-oxo-G containing DNA substrates nor was there enhanced ATPase or ADP –> ATP exchange activities. (PMID:11756455)
  • Frequent LOH at hMLH1, a highly variable SNP in hMSH3, and negligible coding instability occur in ovarian cancer. (PMID:12014680)
  • MSH3 abrogation may be a predictor of metastatic disease or even favor tumor cell spread in MLH1-deficient colorectal cancers. (PMID:14871813)
  • This is the first report suggesting that genetic and epigenetic alterations in the human MSH3 gene might play a significant role in the progression of bladder tumors. (PMID:15541380)
  • Plays a key role in the formation of CTG repeat expansions over successive generations in DM1 transgenic mice. (PMID:16552576)
  • Polymorphisms in the mismatch repair gene, MSH3 is associated with colorectal cancer (PMID:17205513)
  • Alterations in TGF-betaRII, BAX, IGFIIR, caspase-5, hMSH3 and hMSH6 genes of microsatellite instability are rare in urinary bladder carcinoma and they are not associated with microsatellite instability or the presence of p53 mutations. (PMID:17676485)
  • Mutations at the mononucleotide repeats within the hMSH3 gene occurred in certain basal cell carcinomas, not always in association with microsatellite instability . (PMID:17950544)
  • Mismatch repair gene MSH3 polymorphism is associated with the risk of sporadic prostate cancer (PMID:18355840)
  • Genetic instability caused by loss of MutS homologue 3 in human colorectal cancer. (PMID:18922920)
  • The human DNA mismatch complex MSH2-MSH3 recognizes small loops by a mechanism different from that of MSH2-MSH6 for single-base mismatches. (PMID:19377479)
  • MutSbeta displays identical biochemical and biophysical activities when interacting with a (CAG)(n) hairpin and a mismatch.[MutSbeta] (PMID:19525234)
  • methylation of hMLH1 and hMSH3 is age related and thus may play an important role in gastric carcinogenesis in the elderly. (PMID:19894224)
  • the MutSbeta-MutLalpha interaction is mediated in part by residues ((L/I)SRFF) embedded within the MSH3 PCNA-binding motif (PMID:20154325)
  • Strong role of MutSbeta in insertion-deletions repair indicates MSH3 deficiency in tumours with low dinucleotide and no mononucleotide repeat instability. (PMID:20160730)
  • Endoscopic biopsy provides equal accuracy and easier interpretation of MMRP expression immunostaining compared to surgical resection specimens. (PMID:20632816)
  • Loss of hMSH3 corresponds with multiple tetranucleotide frameshifts. The association between EMAST and ulcerated tumors might result from increased inflammation. (PMID:20708618)
  • Nondysplastic epithelium from hamartomatous polyposis syndrome polyps harbors hMSH3 defects, which may prime neoplastic transformation. (PMID:20845481)
  • No association of tumor necrosis with expression of p53, bcl-2, and mismatch repair protein status was observed in colorectal cancers. (PMID:20869096)
  • We hypothesise a model in which variants of the MSH3 gene behave as low-risk alleles that contribute to the risk of colon cancer in Lynch families, mostly with other low-risk alleles of MMR genes. (PMID:21128252)
  • Results provide novel evidence that MSH3 deficiency contributes to the cytotoxicity of platinum drugs through deficient DSB repair. (PMID:21285347)
  • Stress treatment of mouse cells with ethanol or hydrogen peroxide caused the re-distribution of MSH3 into nuclear bodies containing the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a known binding partner of MutSbeta. (PMID:21344488)
  • Complex MSH2/MSH3 discriminates between a repair-competent and a repair-resistant loop by sensing the conformational dynamics of the junctions. MSH2/MSH3 binds, bends and dissociates from repair-competent loops to signal downstream repair. (PMID:21960445)
  • polymorphisms in MSH3 do not contribute to cancer risk in a population of Lynch syndrome patients with colorectal cancer (PMID:21974800)
  • two novel HLA-A0201-restricted cytotoxic T cell epitopes derived from a (-1) frameshift mutation of a coding A(8) tract within the MSH3 gene (PMID:22110587)
  • Studies indicate thar eukaryotes MutSbeta, a heterodimer of Msh2 and Msh3, recognizes insertion-deletion loops (IDLs) of 1-15 nucleotides, as well as DNA with a 3’ single-stranded overhang. (PMID:22179786)
  • The high frequency of loss of heterozygosity as well as the aberrant protein expression in some tumors indicates an involvement of MSH3 impairment in colorectal cancer with low-level microsatellite instability. (PMID:22249440)
  • The binding of HIF-1alpha complexes to hypoxia response element sites is necessary for down-regulation of hMSH3 in both wt-p53 and mut-p53 cells. (PMID:22343000)
  • siRNA knockdown of the MutSbeta subunits MSH2 or MSH3 impeded expansion of threshold-length CTG*CAG repeats. (PMID:22941650)
  • Oxidative stress, which causes a shift of hMSH3’s subcellular location, may contribute to an hMSH3 loss-of-function phenotype by sequestering it to the cytosol (PMID:23226332)
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms in MSH3 are associated with myelodysplastic syndromes. (PMID:23339595)
  • MSH3 status can regulate the DNA damage response and extent of apoptosis induced by chemotherapy. (PMID:23724141)
  • Methylation of MSH3 together with exposure to tobacco smoke is involved in esophageal carcinogenesis. (PMID:24934723)
  • IL6 signaling disrupts the nuclear localization of hMSH3 and DNA repair, leading to elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats in cancer cell lines. (PMID:25461668)
  • Our data present, for the first time, evidence that inherited MLH1 c.-93G>A, MSH2 c.211 + 9C>G, MSH3 c.3133G>A, and EXO1 c.1765G>A abnormalities of DNA MMR pathway are important determinants of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (PMID:25598504)
  • Data show that single nucleotide polymorphisms in MutS homolog 3 (MSH3) had an impact on the chemotherapy response and prognosis of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NCSLC) patients who were treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. (PMID:25966119)
  • The mismatch-binding protein MutS beta, a heterodimer of MSH2 and MSH3, activates ATR in response to DNA double-strand breaks. (PMID:26212458)
  • Our meta-analysis results demonstrated that MSH3 rs26279 G > A polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of overall cancer, especially for the colorectal cancer and breast cancer. (PMID:26617824)
  • Three polymorphisms in MSH3 were associated with variation in somatic instability in myotonic dystrophy type 1. (PMID:26994442)
  • data suggest that MSH3 mutations represent an additional recessive subtype of colorectal adenomatous polyposis (PMID:27476653)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriomsh3ENSDARG00000063276
mus_musculusMsh3ENSMUSG00000014850
rattus_norvegicusMsh3ENSRNOG00000064838

Paralogs (4): MSH4 (ENSG00000057468), MSH2 (ENSG00000095002), MSH6 (ENSG00000116062), MSH5 (ENSG00000204410)

Protein

Protein identifiers

DNA mismatch repair protein Msh3P20585 (reviewed: P20585)

Alternative names: Divergent upstream protein, Mismatch repair protein 1

All UniProt accessions (5): A0A590UJN8, A0A590UJW0, A0A590UK39, A0A590UKC9, P20585

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR). Heterodimerizes with MSH2 to form MutS beta which binds to DNA mismatches thereby initiating DNA repair. When bound, the MutS beta heterodimer bends the DNA helix and shields approximately 20 base pairs. MutS beta recognizes large insertion-deletion loops (IDL) up to 13 nucleotides long. After mismatch binding, forms a ternary complex with the MutL alpha heterodimer, which is thought to be responsible for directing the downstream MMR events, including strand discrimination, excision, and resynthesis.

Subunit / interactions. Component of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) complex composed at least of MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, PMS1 and MLH1. Heterodimer consisting of MSH2-MSH3 (MutS beta). Forms a ternary complex with MutL alpha (MLH1-PMS1). Interacts with EXO1. Interacts with MCM9.

Disease relevance. Endometrial cancer (ENDMC) [MIM:608089] A malignancy of endometrium, the mucous lining of the uterus. Most endometrial cancers are adenocarcinomas, cancers that begin in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids. Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Familial adenomatous polyposis 4 (FAP4) [MIM:617100] A form of familial adenomatous polyposis, a condition characterized by the development of multiple colorectal adenomatous polyps, benign neoplasms derived from glandular epithelium. Some affected individuals may develop colorectal carcinoma. FAP4 inheritance is autosomal recessive. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Similarity. Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. MSH3 subfamily.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_002430* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR000432DNA_mismatch_repair_MutS_CDomain
IPR007695DNA_mismatch_repair_MutS-lik_NDomain
IPR007696DNA_mismatch_repair_MutS_coreDomain
IPR007860DNA_mmatch_repair_MutS_con_domDomain
IPR016151DNA_mismatch_repair_MutS_NHomologous_superfamily
IPR027417P-loop_NTPaseHomologous_superfamily
IPR036187DNA_mismatch_repair_MutS_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR036678MutS_con_dom_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR045076MutSFamily

Pfam: PF00488, PF01624, PF05188, PF05192

UniProt features (114 total): helix 42, strand 38, turn 12, sequence variant 8, compositionally biased region 5, region of interest 3, modified residue 2, sequence conflict 2, chain 1, binding site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

24 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
8RB1X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.08
8RAUX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.33
8RB2X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.53
8RAVX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.63
8RB0X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.67
8RAWX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.69
3THXX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.7
8R7EX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.78
8R7CX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.82
8RAZX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.84
3THYX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.89
8RZ9ELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.02
8RZ8ELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.06
3THWX-RAY DIFFRACTION3.09
8OLXELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.1
8OMQELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.11
8R7VELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.12
8RAXX-RAY DIFFRACTION3.16
8OMAELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.29
8OM9ELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.32
8RZ7ELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.37
8OMOELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.43
8OM5ELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.52
3THZX-RAY DIFFRACTION4.3

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-P20585-F179.480.61

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (1): 896–903

Post-translational modifications (2): 33, 1099

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

8 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-5358606Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH3 (MutSbeta)
R-HSA-5632927Defective Mismatch Repair Associated With MSH3
R-HSA-5632928Defective Mismatch Repair Associated With MSH2
R-HSA-1643685Disease
R-HSA-5358508Mismatch Repair
R-HSA-5423599Diseases of Mismatch Repair (MMR)
R-HSA-73894DNA Repair
R-HSA-9675135Diseases of DNA repair

MSigDB gene sets: 253 (showing top): GOBP_CHROMOSOME_ORGANIZATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_DNA_RECOMBINATION, MULLIGHAN_NPM1_SIGNATURE_3_UP, MORF_MSH3, MORF_BRCA1, MORF_ATRX, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_DNA_RECOMBINATION, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_DN, GRAESSMANN_RESPONSE_TO_MC_AND_DOXORUBICIN_DN, MORF_ESR1, KAUFFMANN_DNA_REPAIR_GENES, MORF_RAD51L3, MUELLER_PLURINET, MORF_PPP5C, KEGG_PATHWAYS_IN_CANCER

GO Biological Process (7): DNA repair (GO:0006281), mismatch repair (GO:0006298), mitotic recombination (GO:0006312), somatic recombination of immunoglobulin gene segments (GO:0016447), maintenance of DNA repeat elements (GO:0043570), negative regulation of DNA recombination (GO:0045910), DNA damage response (GO:0006974)

GO Molecular Function (12): double-stranded DNA binding (GO:0003690), ATP binding (GO:0005524), enzyme binding (GO:0019899), mismatched DNA binding (GO:0030983), ATP-dependent DNA damage sensor activity (GO:0140664), nucleotide binding (GO:0000166), DNA binding (GO:0003677), single-stranded DNA binding (GO:0003697), protein binding (GO:0005515), dinucleotide insertion or deletion binding (GO:0032139), single guanine insertion binding (GO:0032142), dinucleotide repeat insertion binding (GO:0032181)

GO Cellular Component (4): nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), membrane (GO:0016020), MutSbeta complex (GO:0032302)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-5 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Diseases of Mismatch Repair (MMR)2
Mismatch Repair1
DNA Repair1
Diseases of DNA repair1
Disease1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
DNA metabolic process2
DNA recombination2
DNA binding2
cellular anatomical structure2
DNA damage response1
DNA repair1
somatic diversification of immune receptors via germline recombination within a single locus1
somatic diversification of immunoglobulins1
chromosome organization1
regulation of DNA recombination1
negative regulation of DNA metabolic process1
cellular response to stress1
adenyl ribonucleotide binding1
purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding1
protein binding1
double-stranded DNA binding1
ATP-dependent activity, acting on DNA1
DNA damage sensor activity1
nucleoside phosphate binding1
heterocyclic compound binding1
nucleic acid binding1
binding1
DNA insertion or deletion binding1
single base insertion or deletion binding1
dinucleotide insertion or deletion binding1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1
nuclear lumen1
mismatch repair complex1
nuclear protein-containing complex1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1998 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
MSH3MLH1P40692999
MSH3PMS2P54278998
MSH3MLH3P49751996
MSH3PMS1P54277995
MSH3MSH2P43246992
MSH3MSH6P52701992
MSH3EXO1Q9UQ84957
MSH3SLX4Q8IY92955
MSH3OGG1P78554910
MSH3SLX1AQ9BQ83830
MSH3MUS81Q96NY9812
MSH3MUTYHQ9UIF7810
MSH3ERCC1P07992800
MSH3FEN1P39748790
MSH3POLEQ07864776

IntAct

100 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
IKBKGIKBKBpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.980
MSH2MSH3psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.920
MSH3MSH2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.920
MSH2MSH3psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.920
MSH2MSH3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.920
MLH1MSH3psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.740
MSH3MLH1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.740
PCNAMSH3psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.720
MSH3PCNApsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.720
H2AC4PPM1Gpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.670
SLX4ERCC1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
SLC39A9B4GALT5psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
KBTBD7PLD2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
MCM9MSH3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.460

BioGRID (178): MSH3 (Two-hybrid), PCNA (Two-hybrid), MSH3 (Co-fractionation), MSH3 (Co-fractionation), MSH3 (Affinity Capture-MS), MSH3 (Affinity Capture-MS), MSH3 (Affinity Capture-MS), MSH3 (Affinity Capture-MS), MSH3 (Affinity Capture-MS), MSH3 (Affinity Capture-MS), MSH3 (Affinity Capture-MS), MSH3 (Affinity Capture-MS), MSH3 (Affinity Capture-MS), MSH3 (Two-hybrid), MSH3 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A1CDD4, A1CJ34, A1D8E4, A1DCB2, A2QY22, A2R1F6, A4R0R0, A6R7S1, A6RPB6, A7EC69, B0YCF6, G0S8F1, O24617, O74502, O74773, P0CO92, P0CO93, P0CQ16, P0CQ17, P13705, P20585, P30664, P54898, Q01317, Q03834, Q0CPP9, Q0UXL8, Q1DKE7, Q1DQ73, Q2HFD4, Q2U6A1, Q2UT70, Q4INS6, Q4IQC1, Q4P6I8, Q4PEJ3, Q4WGB7, Q4WVG8, Q4WWE9, Q4WYE5

Diamond homologs: A0LG76, A0Q0M6, A1CDD4, A1DCB2, A2R1F6, A2RGX2, A2RP10, A3CR17, A3LU10, A4R0R0, A4W4J7, A5DEV6, A5DYV8, A6R7S1, A6RPB6, A6ZTR3, A7EC69, A7TTQ1, A8AZU4, B0YCF6, B1I9E5, B3E6P2, B4UCY7, B5E385, B5XJ75, B8CX98, B8I2Q5, B8JA66, B8ZPK0, B9DW73, B9MJU0, C0MAS5, C0MGC5, C0ZEZ4, C1CAQ5, C1CH06, C1CN23, C1CTY2, C4L191, O65607

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 75 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
Dual incision in TC-NER517.7×1e-03
DNA Repair714.1×1e-04
RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of HSCs59.7×6e-03
Estrogen-dependent gene expression69.3×3e-03
Dengue Virus-Host Interactions87.5×1e-03

Disease & clinical

Cancer significance

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

4911 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic378
Likely pathogenic107
Uncertain significance2589
Likely benign1410
Benign81

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (30)

Variant IDHGVSClassification
1068515NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.2413del (p.Ala805fs)Pathogenic
1069524NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.2564_2565del (p.Arg855fs)Pathogenic
1069648NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.2207_2208del (p.Ile736fs)Pathogenic
1069698NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.2420G>A (p.Trp807Ter)Pathogenic
1070247NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.667A>T (p.Lys223Ter)Pathogenic
1070753NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.1412_1420delinsGGTAATATACATCACATTCAAGATAATGTTTGCTTCTTTTATTAATTTTTTTTTTTAATTTGAGACGATGTTTCACTCTTGCTCAGGCTGGAGTGCAGTGGTGTGATCACAGCTCATTGCAGCCTTGACTCCCTGGGCTCAAGTGATCCTCCCACCTCAGCCTTCCAAGTAGCTGGGACTACAGGCATGTGCTACCGTGCCTGGCTAATTTTTGTATTTTTTGTAGAGAGAGCCATGTTGCCCAGGCTGGTCTTAAACTCCTGAGCTCAGGCAGTCCTCCTGCCTCGGCCTCCCAAAGTGCTGGGATTACAGGCATTAAGCCACCGTGCCCGGCCAGCGTTTCCTTCTGGAAATCGTAGAGGGATGTGATT (p.Ala471_Glu474delinsGlyTer)Pathogenic
1072068NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.721C>T (p.Gln241Ter)Pathogenic
1072147NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.747T>A (p.Cys249Ter)Pathogenic
1072399NC_000005.9:g.(?80088542)(80088673_?)delPathogenic
1072789NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.2042del (p.Pro681fs)Pathogenic
1073059NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.1907_1908del (p.Gln636fs)Pathogenic
1073685NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.2530_2534del (p.Gly844fs)Pathogenic
1073699NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.1434del (p.Asp479fs)Pathogenic
1073766NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.1575dup (p.Lys526Ter)Pathogenic
1073913NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.1597G>T (p.Glu533Ter)Pathogenic
1074045NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.594del (p.Phe198fs)Pathogenic
1074255NC_000005.9:g.(?80109393)(80109570_?)delPathogenic
1074256NC_000005.9:g.(?80149939)(80150145_?)delPathogenic
1074258NC_000005.9:g.(?79965906)(79974922_?)delPathogenic
1074334NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.574dup (p.Gln192fs)Pathogenic
1074482NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.827del (p.His275_Leu276insTer)Pathogenic
1074951NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.2100_2101del (p.Glu701fs)Pathogenic
1074977NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.2392C>T (p.Gln798Ter)Pathogenic
1075462NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.1744C>T (p.Gln582Ter)Pathogenic
1076536NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.2739del (p.Ile914fs)Pathogenic
1076787NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.1992del (p.Gln664fs)Pathogenic
1356132NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.1499_1500insGG (p.Ile500fs)Pathogenic
1358379NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.762T>A (p.Tyr254Ter)Pathogenic
1358390NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.3220A>T (p.Lys1074Ter)Pathogenic
1358755NM_002439.5(MSH3):c.503dup (p.Asp168fs)Pathogenic

SpliceAI

5254 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
5:80654961:CATA:Cdonor_gain1.0000
5:80654962:ATA:Adonor_gain1.0000
5:80654963:TA:Tdonor_gain1.0000
5:80654963:TAGTA:Tdonor_loss1.0000
5:80654964:AG:Adonor_loss1.0000
5:80654965:G:GGdonor_gain1.0000
5:80654965:GTAG:Gdonor_loss1.0000
5:80654966:T:Adonor_loss1.0000
5:80656407:ATAG:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
5:80656408:TA:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
5:80656495:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000
5:80656502:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000
5:80656528:TCTGG:Tdonor_loss1.0000
5:80656529:CTGG:Cdonor_loss1.0000
5:80656530:TGGT:Tdonor_loss1.0000
5:80656531:GGTG:Gdonor_loss1.0000
5:80656532:G:GGdonor_gain1.0000
5:80656532:G:Tdonor_loss1.0000
5:80656533:T:Gdonor_loss1.0000
5:80665129:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
5:80665129:ATTT:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
5:80665130:T:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
5:80665132:T:TAacceptor_gain1.0000
5:80665135:T:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
5:80665140:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
5:80665141:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
5:80665142:G:GGacceptor_gain1.0000
5:80665360:AAAGG:Adonor_loss1.0000
5:80665362:AGG:Adonor_loss1.0000
5:80665364:GTAT:Gdonor_loss1.0000

AlphaMissense

7482 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
5:80672305:T:AI285K0.999
5:80672341:T:CL297P0.999
5:80792822:T:AV878D0.999
5:80854183:T:CL956P0.999
5:80864906:T:CF1032L0.999
5:80864908:C:AF1032L0.999
5:80864908:C:GF1032L0.999
5:80873203:C:AA1073D0.999
5:80670275:G:AG253E0.998
5:80672260:T:CL270P0.998
5:80672298:G:CA283P0.998
5:80672299:C:AA283E0.998
5:80672305:T:GI285R0.998
5:80672317:G:CR289T0.998
5:80672338:G:CR296P0.998
5:80778737:G:CR779P0.998
5:80813615:G:AG896E0.998
5:80813622:C:AN898K0.998
5:80813622:C:GN898K0.998
5:80813625:G:AM899I0.998
5:80813625:G:CM899I0.998
5:80813625:G:TM899I0.998
5:80813630:G:AG901E0.998
5:80813632:A:CK902Q0.998
5:80813635:A:CS903R0.998
5:80813637:C:AS903R0.998
5:80813637:C:GS903R0.998
5:80873148:T:CF1055L0.998
5:80873150:C:AF1055L0.998
5:80873150:C:GF1055L0.998

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000011853 (5:80865692 A>C), RS1000013862 (5:80843080 C>A), RS1000017725 (5:80789034 T>A), RS1000028682 (5:80782692 A>C,T), RS1000045531 (5:80872253 T>G), RS1000045850 (5:80825079 G>A), RS1000066292 (5:80843339 C>T), RS1000068815 (5:80709958 T>A,C), RS1000114825 (5:80674030 C>T), RS1000122054 (5:80837394 T>C), RS1000125746 (5:80669204 C>T), RS1000129561 (5:80693823 A>C), RS1000159994 (5:80837201 A>C,G,T), RS1000171431 (5:80826307 C>T), RS1000214600 (5:80756357 G>A,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:600887 | disease phenotypes: MIM:617100

GenCC curated gene-disease

DiseaseClassificationInheritance
familial adenomatous polyposis 4DefinitiveAutosomal recessive
MSH3-related attenuated familial adenomatous polyposisSupportiveAutosomal recessive
Lynch syndromeDisputed EvidenceAutosomal dominant

ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity (2)

Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.

DiseaseClassificationInheritance
familial adenomatous polyposis 4DefinitiveAR
Lynch syndromeDisputedAD

Mondo (6): hereditary neoplastic syndrome (MONDO:0015356), endometrial carcinoma (MONDO:0002447), familial adenomatous polyposis 4 (MONDO:0044300), diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered (MONDO:1060171), Lynch syndrome (MONDO:0005835), (MONDO:0018812)

Orphanet (2): Inherited cancer-predisposing syndrome (Orphanet:140162), MSH3-related polyposis (Orphanet:480536)

HPO phenotypes

24 total (24 of 24 shown, HPO-id order):

HPOTerm
HP:0000006Autosomal dominant inheritance
HP:0000007Autosomal recessive inheritance
HP:0000107Renal cyst
HP:0000131Uterine leiomyoma
HP:0000138Ovarian cyst
HP:0000854Thyroid adenoma
HP:0001442Typified by somatic mosaicism
HP:0003003Colon cancer
HP:0003596Middle age onset
HP:0004394Multiple gastric polyps
HP:0004783Duodenal polyposis
HP:0004784Juvenile gastrointestinal polyposis
HP:0005227Adenomatous colonic polyposis
HP:0008069Neoplasm of the skin
HP:0009592Astrocytoma
HP:0011462Young adult onset
HP:0012114Endometrial carcinoma
HP:0012126Stomach cancer
HP:0012740Papilloma
HP:0025274Ovarian dermoid cyst
HP:0033770Gastric adenocarcinoma
HP:0100743Neoplasm of the rectum
HP:0200063Colorectal polyposis
HP:6000102Breast intraductal papilloma

GWAS associations

7 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST004691_1Huntington’s disease progression1.000000e-10
GCST004691_11Huntington’s disease progression4.000000e-06
GCST004763_5HDL cholesterol change in response to fenofibrate in statin-treated type 2 diabetes1.000000e-08
GCST010172_4Idiopathic downbeat nystagmus4.000000e-06
GCST010701_1Cortical surface area (MOSTest)1.000000e-08
GCST010702_52Subcortical volume (MOSTest)8.000000e-10
GCST010703_285Brain morphology (MOSTest)4.000000e-15

EFO canonical traits (3, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0008336disease progression measurement
EFO:0007805HDL cholesterol change measurement
EFO:0004346neuroimaging measurement

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

DescriptorNameTree numbers
D009386Neoplastic Syndromes, HereditaryC04.700; C16.320.700

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

PharmGKB variants

10 variants.

VariantGenesLevelScore#Clin annotsDrugs
rs408626DHFR, MSH335.501methotrexate
rs442767DHFR, MSH332.252pemetrexed;methotrexate
rs1105525DHFR, MSH332.751methotrexate
rs1650697DHFR, MSH332.501pemetrexed
rs10072026DHFR, MSH30.000
rs70991108DHFR, MSH330.501methotrexate
rs3045983DHFR, MSH30.000
rs863221MSH30.000
rs26279MSH30.000
rs200850015DHFR, MSH30.000

CTD chemical–gene interactions

42 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrenedecreases expression3
Doxorubicinaffects response to substance, decreases expression, affects expression2
aristolochic acid Idecreases expression1
pradimicin-IRDincreases expression, affects expression, affects response to substance1
myristicindecreases expression1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
bisphenol Adecreases expression1
quinoline yellowincreases expression1
potassium chromate(VI)decreases expression1
isobutyl alcoholincreases abundance, affects cotreatment, decreases expression1
cylindrospermopsinincreases expression1
chloropicrinincreases expression1
vandetanibdecreases expression1
ICG 001increases expression1
fenbuconazoledecreases expression1
olaparibdecreases response to substance1
bisphenol Saffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Oxaliplatinincreases expression, increases reaction, affects localization, increases phosphorylation, decreases response to substance1
Resveratrolaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Zoledronic Acidincreases expression1
Carcinogensdecreases expression1
Cisplatindecreases response to substance1
Coumestroldecreases expression1
Cycloheximidedecreases expression, decreases reaction1
Dexamethasoneaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Gasolineincreases abundance, affects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Indomethacinaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Mutagensdecreases expression1
Plant Extractsaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbonsaffects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance1

Cellosaurus cell lines

8 cell lines: 6 cancer cell line, 2 transformed cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_B8KUAbcam HCT 116 MSH3 KOCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_B9N1Abcam A-549 MSH3 KOCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_D2GGAbcam MCF-7 MSH3 KOCancer cell lineFemale
CVCL_SY96HAP1 MSH3 (-) 1Cancer cell lineMale
CVCL_SY97HAP1 MSH3 (-) 2Cancer cell lineMale
CVCL_SY98HAP1 MSH3 (-) 3Cancer cell lineMale
CVCL_VP18SVG-A Msh3-/-Transformed cell lineMale
CVCL_VP19SVG-A Msh3 1.7XTransformed cell lineMale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

399 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

TrialPhaseStatusTitle
NCT00190697PHASE4COMPLETEDA Study of LY353381 (Arzoxifene) for Patients Who Benefitted From This Drug in Other Oncology Trials and Wished to Continue Treatment
NCT00719017PHASE4UNKNOWNUpper Vaginectomy Versus Brachytherapy in Patients With Early Stage Endometrial Cancer Treated With Laparoscopic Surgery
NCT02543710PHASE4RECRUITINGBiomarker Guided Treatment in Gynaecological Cancer
NCT03349463PHASE4UNKNOWNEvaluation of Fluciclovine Uptake in Patients With Cervical, Ovarian Epithelial or Endometrial Cancers.
NCT03752606PHASE4COMPLETEDApplication of Tachosil During Lymphadenectomy
NCT05949424PHASE4UNKNOWNOPTI - DOSE: Optimal Dosing of Oral Anticancer Drugs in Older Adults
NCT06049693PHASE4COMPLETEDIron Prehabilitation in Endometrial Cancer
NCT06726291PHASE4RECRUITINGAkynzeo as Antiemetic Treatment in Patients With Endometrial Cancer
NCT06871787PHASE4NOT_YET_RECRUITINGNear-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging With Indocyanine Green to Evaluate Bowel Anastomoses in Gynecologic Oncology Surgery
NCT07281547PHASE4NOT_YET_RECRUITINGLow Dose Aspirin to Lower Inflammation and Prevent Endometrial Cancer in Postmenopausal Women With Non-atrophic Endometrial Changes and Pain
NCT07462663PHASE4NOT_YET_RECRUITINGSHAPE-ENDO: Multimodal Pre-Surgical Optimization in Patients With Obesity and Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer (Phase 1)
NCT00566644PHASE3TERMINATEDIntrauterine Levonorgestrel and Observation or Observation Alone in Preventing Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia and Endometrial Cancer in Women With Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer or Lynch Syndrome
NCT02000089PHASE3RECRUITINGThe Cancer of the Pancreas Screening-5 CAPS5)Study
NCT02813824PHASE3ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGEffect of Chemoprevention by Low-dose Aspirin of New or Recurrent Colorectal Adenomas in Patients With Lynch Syndrome
NCT02912559PHASE3ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGCombination Chemotherapy With or Without Atezolizumab in Treating Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer and Deficient DNA Mismatch Repair
NCT04711434PHASE3UNKNOWNPD-1 Antibody for The Prevention of Adenomatous Polyps and Second Primary Tumors in Lynch Syndrome Patients
NCT07609901PHASE3NOT_YET_RECRUITINGPreventive Dendritic Cell Vaccination for Lynch Syndrome Carriers
NCT00002459PHASE3COMPLETEDRadiation Therapy or No Further Treatment Following Surgery in Treating Patients With Cancer of the Uterus
NCT00002493PHASE3COMPLETEDRadiation Therapy Compared With Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Advanced Endometrial Cancer
NCT00002641PHASE3COMPLETEDSurgery With or Without Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Soft Tissue Sarcoma
NCT00002764PHASE3COMPLETEDSurgery With or Without Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Lung Metastases From Soft Tissue Sarcoma
NCT00002920PHASE3COMPLETEDS9630, Medroxyprogesterone in Treating Women With Breast Cancer
NCT00002976PHASE3TERMINATEDEstrogen Replacement Therapy in Treating Women With Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer
NCT00003267PHASE3COMPLETEDPelvic Drains After Radical Hysterectomy in Treating Patients With Uterine, Cervical, or Vaginal Cancer
NCT00003691PHASE3COMPLETEDCombination Chemotherapy With or Without G-CSF in Treating Patients With Stage III, Stage IV, or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer
NCT00003749PHASE3COMPLETEDSurgery With or Without Lymphadenectomy and Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Endometrial Cancer
NCT00005583PHASE3COMPLETEDRadiation Therapy With or Without Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With High-Risk Endometrial Cancer
NCT00006027PHASE3COMPLETEDComparison of Radiation Therapy With or Without Combination Chemotherapy Following Surgery in Treating Patients With Stage I or Stage II Endometrial Cancer
NCT00016341PHASE3TERMINATEDCombination Chemotherapy Compared With Hormone Therapy in Treating Patients With Recurrent, Stage III, or Stage IV Endometrial Cancer
NCT00033605PHASE3COMPLETEDOctreotide in Preventing Diarrhea in Patients Who Are Undergoing Radiation Therapy to the Pelvis
NCT00096408PHASE3COMPLETEDLaparoscopic Approach to Cancer of the Endometrium
NCT00245050PHASE3COMPLETEDPyridoxine in Preventing Hand-Foot Syndrome in Patients Who Are Receiving Liposomal Doxorubicin for Cancer
NCT00376844PHASE3COMPLETEDExternal-Beam Radiation Therapy Compared With Vaginal Brachytherapy After Surgery for Stage I Endometrial Cancer
NCT00411138PHASE3UNKNOWNRandomized Trial of Radiation Therapy With or Without Chemotherapy for Endometrial Cancer
NCT00883116PHASE3TERMINATEDA Study of Ixabepilone as Second-line Therapy for Locally Advanced, Recurrent, or Metastatic Endometrial Cancer
NCT01087268PHASE3UNKNOWNHyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Treating Long-Term Gastrointestinal Adverse Effects Caused by Radiation Therapy in Patients With Pelvic Cancer
NCT01470677PHASE3COMPLETEDTachosil for the Prevention of Symptomatic Lymph Cysts
NCT01672892PHASE3COMPLETEDStandard Versus Intensity-Modulated Pelvic Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Endometrial or Cervical Cancer
NCT01767155PHASE3COMPLETEDZoptarelin Doxorubicin (AEZS 108) as Second Line Therapy for Endometrial Cancer
NCT02584478PHASE3UNKNOWNPhase 1/2a/3 Evaluation of Adding AL3818 to Standard Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Subjects With Recurrent or Metastatic Endometrial, Ovarian, Fallopian, Primary Peritoneal or Cervical Carcinoma (AL3818-US-002)