MT-TW

Summary

MT-TW (mitochondrially encoded tRNA-Trp (UGA/G), HGNC:7501) is a mitochondrial tRNA gene on chromosome mitochondria.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (Mt_tRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:7501
Approved symbol	MT-TW
Name	mitochondrially encoded tRNA-Trp (UGA/G)
Location	mitochondria
Locus type	RNA, transfer
Status	Approved
Aliases	trnW
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000210117
Ensembl biotype	Mt_tRNA
OMIM	590095
Entrez	4578
RNAcentral	URS000012396D — tRNA, 68 nt, 4 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 Mt_tRNA

ENST00000387382

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000387382 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001544492	5512	5579

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 114 present calls, max score 99.06.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 8.8866 / max 2170.9661, expressed in 1399 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
194863	8.8866	1399

Top tissues by expression

114 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	99.06	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	98.64	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	98.38	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	97.91	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	97.70	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	97.48	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	97.45	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	97.45	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	97.43	gold quality
Ammon’s horn	UBERON:0001954	97.19	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	97.11	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	96.79	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	95.95	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	95.90	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	95.49	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	95.11	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	95.06	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	94.97	gold quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	93.72	gold quality
brain	UBERON:0000955	93.17	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	92.12	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	90.60	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	89.89	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	89.54	gold quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	89.42	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	89.10	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	88.61	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	87.59	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	87.49	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	87.40	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	1.19

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 6)

• The first mutational screening of mitochondrial mutations in Tunisian patients with Leigh syndrome which described two novel mutations associated with this disorder. (PMID:19349200)
• The results show that the m.5559A>G mutation at homoplasmic levels causes Leigh syndrome in association with severe multi-organ disease (Leigh syndrome-plus) as a consequence of dysfunctional mitochondrial RNA metabolism. (PMID:26524491)
• A homoplasmic mutation m.5512A > G in the mitochondrial tRNATrp(MT-TW) gene was identified and further analysis revealed the potential pathogenicity of this mutation to cause maternally inherited essential hypertension. (PMID:27687549)
• This is the 17 degrees mutation in MT-TW gene and expands the known causes of late-onset mitochondrial diseases. (PMID:29625105)
• MELAS-associated m.5541C>T mutation caused instability of mitochondrial tRNA(Trp) and remarkable mitochondrial dysfunction. (PMID:33208382)
• The mitochondrial tRNA MT-TW m.5537_5538insT variant presents with significant intra-familial clinical variability. (PMID:37654102)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.