MYL6

gene
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Also known as ESMLCMLC3NMMLC1SM

Summary

MYL6 (myosin light chain 6, HGNC:7587) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 12q13.2, encoding Myosin light polypeptide 6 (P60660). Regulatory light chain of myosin.

Myosin is a hexameric ATPase cellular motor protein. It is composed of two heavy chains, two nonphosphorylatable alkali light chains, and two phosphorylatable regulatory light chains. This gene encodes a myosin alkali light chain that is expressed in smooth muscle and non-muscle tissues. Genomic sequences representing several pseudogenes have been described and two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene.

Source: NCBI Gene 4637 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 1
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 24 total
  • Druggable target: yes
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_021019

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:7587
Approved symbolMYL6
Namemyosin light chain 6
Location12q13.2
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesESMLC, MLC3NM, MLC1SM
Ensembl geneENSG00000092841
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM609931
Entrez4637

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 26 — 18 protein_coding, 4 retained_intron, 3 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000293422, ENST00000348108, ENST00000536128, ENST00000546630, ENST00000546845, ENST00000547408, ENST00000547649, ENST00000547703, ENST00000548293, ENST00000548400, ENST00000548580, ENST00000548725, ENST00000549017, ENST00000549392, ENST00000549566, ENST00000550184, ENST00000550639, ENST00000550697, ENST00000551589, ENST00000551954, ENST00000552297, ENST00000864437, ENST00000864438, ENST00000940642, ENST00000958400, ENST00000958401

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_021019 NM_021019, NM_079423

CCDS: CCDS31834, CCDS8906

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000550697 — 7 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000023501095615835956158404
ENSE000034982255616138756161579
ENSE000035115405615868456158711
ENSE000035367875615958756159730
ENSE000035631735615997556160148
ENSE000036693605616062656160670
ENSE000037856805616024356160320

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 292 present calls, max score 99.95.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 374.8727 / max 3663.4292, expressed in 1828 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (6 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
126078371.29281828
1260811.1100545
1260791.1020432
1260821.0415639
2067430.224193
1260800.102235

Top tissues by expression

295 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
popliteal arteryUBERON:000225099.95gold quality
tibial arteryUBERON:000761099.95gold quality
lower esophagusUBERON:001347399.95gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colonUBERON:003580599.95gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layerUBERON:003583399.95gold quality
left coronary arteryUBERON:000162699.94gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propriaUBERON:003584199.94gold quality
ascending aortaUBERON:000149699.93gold quality
thoracic aortaUBERON:000151599.93gold quality
right coronary arteryUBERON:000162599.93gold quality
mucosa of stomachUBERON:000119999.92gold quality
descending thoracic aortaUBERON:000234599.92gold quality
mucosa of transverse colonUBERON:000499199.92gold quality
stromal cell of endometriumCL:000225599.90gold quality
upper lobe of left lungUBERON:000895299.90gold quality
body of uterusUBERON:000985399.90gold quality
metanephros cortexUBERON:001053399.90gold quality
colonic epitheliumUBERON:000039799.89gold quality
rectumUBERON:000105299.89gold quality
transverse colonUBERON:000115799.89gold quality
left uterine tubeUBERON:000130399.89gold quality
right lungUBERON:000216799.88gold quality
aortaUBERON:000094799.86gold quality
right lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000111999.86gold quality
right adrenal glandUBERON:000123399.86gold quality
monocyteCL:000057699.85gold quality
left lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000112099.85gold quality
right adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582799.85gold quality
left adrenal glandUBERON:000123499.83gold quality
calcaneal tendonUBERON:000370199.83gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 38 experiment(s), a significant marker in 20.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-HCAD-23yes8356.93
E-HCAD-11yes6156.61
E-MTAB-10287yes5853.45
E-MTAB-8381yes5229.17
E-GEOD-111727yes2526.59
E-HCAD-9yes2021.64
E-HCAD-4yes95.63
E-HCAD-1yes83.19
E-CURD-122yes72.58
E-MTAB-8410yes36.35
E-GEOD-134144yes32.22
E-MTAB-6678yes28.68
E-CURD-46yes28.36
E-GEOD-130148yes24.43
E-MTAB-9221yes21.75

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

10 targeting MYL6, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-971899.9468.91918
HSA-MIR-3065-3P99.8770.251407
HSA-MIR-6739-5P99.8067.872806
HSA-MIR-5002-5P99.7670.841763
HSA-MIR-6733-5P99.7467.942759
HSA-MIR-315399.5567.592337
HSA-MIR-5584-5P99.4968.222814
HSA-MIR-377-3P99.3770.181905
HSA-MIR-628-5P98.3667.74844
HSA-MIR-3157-5P97.4167.61998

Cross-species orthologs

6 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriomyl6ENSDARG00000008494
danio_reriozgc:153867ENSDARG00000033738
rattus_norvegicusMyl6ENSRNOG00000054140
drosophila_melanogasterMlc-cFBGN0004687
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00010554
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00011734

Paralogs (4): MYL3 (ENSG00000160808), MYL1 (ENSG00000168530), MYL6B (ENSG00000196465), MYL4 (ENSG00000198336)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Myosin light polypeptide 6P60660 (reviewed: P60660)

Alternative names: 17 kDa myosin light chain, Myosin light chain 3, Myosin light chain alkali 3, Smooth muscle and nonmuscle myosin light chain alkali 6

All UniProt accessions (12): P60660, B7Z6Z4, F8VPF3, F8VXL3, F8VZU9, F8W180, F8W1R7, G3V1V0, G3V1Y7, G8JLA2, H0YI43, J3KND3

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Regulatory light chain of myosin. Does not bind calcium.

Subunit / interactions. Myosin is a hexamer of 2 heavy chains and 4 light chains. Interacts with SPATA6.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
P60660-1Non-muscle, MLC3nm, LC17A, LC17-nmyes
P60660-2Smooth muscle, MLC3sm, LC17B, LC17-sm

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_066299, NP_524147 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR002048EF_hand_domDomain
IPR011992EF-hand-dom_pairHomologous_superfamily
IPR050230CALM/Myosin/TropC-likeFamily

UniProt features (15 total): modified residue 4, sequence conflict 3, domain 3, sequence variant 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, splice variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-P60660-F195.390.97

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (4): 135, 2, 57, 81

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

18 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-3928663EPHA-mediated growth cone collapse
R-HSA-416572Sema4D induced cell migration and growth-cone collapse
R-HSA-445355Smooth Muscle Contraction
R-HSA-5625740RHO GTPases activate PKNs
R-HSA-5625900RHO GTPases activate CIT
R-HSA-5627117RHO GTPases Activate ROCKs
R-HSA-5627123RHO GTPases activate PAKs
R-HSA-1266738Developmental Biology
R-HSA-162582Signal Transduction
R-HSA-194315Signaling by Rho GTPases
R-HSA-195258RHO GTPase Effectors
R-HSA-2682334EPH-Ephrin signaling
R-HSA-373755Semaphorin interactions
R-HSA-397014Muscle contraction
R-HSA-400685Sema4D in semaphorin signaling
R-HSA-422475Axon guidance
R-HSA-9675108Nervous system development
R-HSA-9716542Signaling by Rho GTPases, Miro GTPases and RHOBTB3

MSigDB gene sets: 247 (showing top): ATF_B, TGGTGCT_MIR29A_MIR29B_MIR29C, GOBP_MUSCLE_TISSUE_DEVELOPMENT, MODULE_151, KAAB_HEART_ATRIUM_VS_VENTRICLE_UP, SRF_Q5_01, CREB_Q4, SRF_01, SRF_C, GOBP_MUSCLE_STRUCTURE_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_MUSCLE_CONTRACTION, MODULE_202, GOMF_CYTOSKELETAL_MOTOR_ACTIVITY, GOBP_SKELETAL_MUSCLE_ORGAN_DEVELOPMENT, ATF3_Q6

GO Biological Process (3): muscle contraction (GO:0006936), skeletal muscle tissue development (GO:0007519), muscle filament sliding (GO:0030049)

GO Molecular Function (5): microfilament motor activity (GO:0000146), cytoskeletal motor activity (GO:0003774), calcium ion binding (GO:0005509), structural constituent of muscle (GO:0008307), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (8): cytosol (GO:0005829), brush border (GO:0005903), membrane (GO:0016020), myosin complex (GO:0016459), myosin II complex (GO:0016460), unconventional myosin complex (GO:0016461), vesicle (GO:0031982), extracellular exosome (GO:0070062)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-11 pathways:

CategoryPathways
RHO GTPase Effectors4
Axon guidance2
EPH-Ephrin signaling1
Sema4D in semaphorin signaling1
Muscle contraction1
Signaling by Rho GTPases, Miro GTPases and RHOBTB31
Signaling by Rho GTPases1
Semaphorin interactions1
Nervous system development1
Developmental Biology1
Signal Transduction1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
cellular anatomical structure2
myosin complex2
muscle system process1
striated muscle tissue development1
skeletal muscle organ development1
muscle contraction1
actin-myosin filament sliding1
cytoskeletal motor activity1
polypeptide conformation or assembly isomerase activity1
ATP-dependent activity1
molecular_function1
metal ion binding1
structural molecule activity1
binding1
cytoplasm1
microvillus1
apical part of cell1
cluster of actin-based cell projections1
actin cytoskeleton1
protein-containing complex1
membrane-bounded organelle1
extracellular vesicle1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

0 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

IntAct

206 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
NSPIK3R2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.750
NUDT21MYL6psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.740
CFTRESYT2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.710
MYL6ADAMTS12psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.670
ADAMTS12MYL6psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.670
RAC1COX6Cpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
ESR1MYL6psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.640
MYH9MYL12Bpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
MYL6MYH9psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
MYL6GAS2L3psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
GAS2L3MYL6psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
MYL6DDIT4Lpsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
MYL6AGR2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
AGR2MYL6psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
ZNF195BAG2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530

BioGRID (366): ADAMTS12 (Two-hybrid), MYL6 (Affinity Capture-MS), NUDT21 (Two-hybrid), MYL6 (Two-hybrid), MYL6 (Affinity Capture-MS), AHCYL1 (Co-fractionation), AHNAK (Co-fractionation), CYC1 (Co-fractionation), MYL6 (Co-fractionation), MYL6 (Co-fractionation), MYL6 (Co-fractionation), MYL6 (Co-fractionation), RAB2A (Co-fractionation), STMN1 (Co-fractionation), TPM2 (Co-fractionation)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A1S4A695, A0PJX0, A2VE08, B1H2N3, C7A278, O70133, P02607, P05044, P05943, P08207, P16905, P27003, P43246, P43247, P52294, P54275, P60660, P60661, P60662, P83953, Q17QE5, Q1W374, Q1W375, Q1W376, Q1W377, Q259G4, Q3MHE4, Q3T0E8, Q4R518, Q503E9, Q5R844, Q5R909, Q5XXB5, Q5ZKU1, Q5ZML1, Q60605, Q60960, Q64119, Q68FK8, Q6P069

Diamond homologs: A0JNJ5, A2Y609, A3E3H0, A3E4D8, A3E4F9, A4UHC0, A8CEP3, A8I1Q0, F1RRT2, J7HCX7, O14008, O60041, O82018, O94739, P02597, P02598, P02600, P02602, P02604, P02605, P02606, P02607, P04353, P04464, P05419, P05976, P05977, P06742, P06787, P07290, P07291, P07462, P07463, P08053, P08590, P09540, P09541, P09542, P0DH95, P0DH96

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 184 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
RHO GTPases activate PAKs833.7×4e-08
RHO GTPases activate CIT628.0×5e-06
Signaling by ERBB2 ECD mutants526.0×5e-05
GRB2 events in ERBB2 signaling524.6×5e-05
Signaling by phosphorylated juxtamembrane, extracellular and kinase domain KIT mutants624.1×8e-06
Tie2 Signaling523.3×6e-05
RHO GTPases Activate ROCKs523.3×6e-05
FCERI mediated MAPK activation718.8×6e-06

GO biological processes:

GO termPartnersFoldFDR
actin filament-based movement525.2×7e-04
mRNA stabilization613.8×1e-03
substantia nigra development511.5×8e-03
Ras protein signal transduction810.3×7e-04
positive regulation of cell differentiation610.1×4e-03
response to ethanol76.5×9e-03
negative regulation of gene expression104.3×9e-03
positive regulation of gene expression153.6×3e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

24 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance12
Likely benign2
Benign0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1123 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
12:56158712:G:GAdonor_loss1.0000
12:56159576:T:TAacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56159786:C:Gdonor_gain1.0000
12:56159968:AT:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56159969:T:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56159969:T:TAacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56159970:GGCAG:Gacceptor_loss1.0000
12:56159971:GCA:Gacceptor_loss1.0000
12:56159972:CA:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
12:56159973:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56159973:A:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
12:56159974:G:GGacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56159974:GA:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56159974:GAGA:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56159974:GAGAT:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56160094:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000
12:56160095:A:Tdonor_gain1.0000
12:56160130:C:Tdonor_gain1.0000
12:56160144:ACTGG:Adonor_gain1.0000
12:56160146:TGGGT:Tdonor_loss1.0000
12:56160147:GG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
12:56160148:GG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
12:56160149:G:GAdonor_loss1.0000
12:56160149:G:GGdonor_gain1.0000
12:56160150:T:Adonor_loss1.0000
12:56160238:T:TAacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56160241:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56160241:AG:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56160241:AGGT:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
12:56160242:G:Aacceptor_gain1.0000

AlphaMissense

1010 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
12:56160085:T:CF96L1.000
12:56160087:T:AF96L1.000
12:56160087:T:GF96L1.000
12:56159601:T:CF16L0.999
12:56159603:C:AF16L0.999
12:56159603:C:GF16L0.999
12:56159610:T:CF19L0.999
12:56159612:T:AF19L0.999
12:56159612:T:GF19L0.999
12:56159665:G:CR37T0.999
12:56159665:G:TR37M0.999
12:56159666:G:CR37S0.999
12:56159666:G:TR37S0.999
12:56160073:G:AG92R0.999
12:56160073:G:CG92R0.999
12:56160077:T:CL93P0.999
12:56160110:T:AV104D0.999
12:56160137:T:CL113P0.999
12:56160243:G:TG117V0.999
12:56159602:T:CF16S0.998
12:56159608:T:CL18P0.998
12:56160008:T:CF70S0.998
12:56160020:T:CL74P0.998
12:56160074:G:AG92E0.998
12:56160077:T:AL93H0.998
12:56160086:T:CF96S0.998
12:56160088:G:CD97H0.998
12:56160089:A:TD97V0.998
12:56160137:T:AL113H0.998
12:56160148:G:CG117R0.998

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000074946 (12:56159333 T>C), RS1000265933 (12:56156421 A>G), RS1001165798 (12:56160690 C>T), RS1001492387 (12:56160547 A>C,G), RS1001728908 (12:56161631 T>C), RS1002175197 (12:56157915 C>A,T), RS1003359827 (12:56157384 C>T), RS1003803310 (12:56160470 G>A,T), RS1004303195 (12:56157630 T>C), RS1005514198 (12:56160458 G>A), RS1006510960 (12:56161585 G>A), RS1006935105 (12:56156690 C>G,T), RS1007146383 (12:56160950 T>A), RS1008430607 (12:56158727 T>C), RS1009252883 (12:56160896 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:609931 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST008916_124Asthma1.000000e-16

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL6066273 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

ChEMBL bioactivities

4 potent at pChembl≥5 of 4 total, top 4 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChemblTypeValueUnitMolecule
7.09Kd81.48nMCHEMBL5653589
7.09ED5081.48nMCHEMBL5653589
5.24Kd5790nMCHEMBL3752910
5.24ED505790nMCHEMBL3752910

PubChem BioAssay actives

2 with measured affinity, of 4 total; 2 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

CompoundAssayTypeValueUnit
4-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-6-pyridin-3-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide2148809: Binding affinity to human MYL6 incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assaykd0.0815uM
4-methyl-3-[(1-methyl-6-pyridin-3-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide2148809: Binding affinity to human MYL6 incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assaykd5.7896uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

66 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
bisphenol Adecreases expression, increases expression, affects expression, affects cotreatment, increases methylation6
Particulate Matterdecreases expression, increases abundance, affects cotreatment, affects expression, increases expression4
sodium arsenitedecreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression3
Tretinoinincreases expression3
Air Pollutantsaffects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression, decreases expression2
Cisplatinaffects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression2
Doxorubicinaffects expression, increases expression2
Estradioldecreases reaction, increases expression, decreases expression2
Tobacco Smoke Pollutionaffects expression, increases expression2
Cadmium Chlorideincreases expression2
FR900359increases phosphorylation1
bisphenol Fincreases expression1
TAK-243increases sumoylation1
dicrotophosdecreases expression1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
alpha-pineneincreases expression, increases abundance, affects cotreatment1
pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl etheraffects cotreatment, affects localization, decreases expression1
arseniteaffects binding, increases reaction1
3,3’-diindolylmethanedecreases reaction, increases expression1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphatedecreases expression1
lead chlorideincreases expression1
methacrylaldehydeincreases abundance, affects cotreatment, increases expression1
isobutyl alcoholaffects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance1
dibenzo(a,l)pyreneincreases expression1
phenethyl isothiocyanateaffects binding1
pentabromodiphenyl etherincreases expression1
chloropicrinincreases expression1
monomethylarsonous acidincreases expression1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamideaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
clothianidindecreases expression1

ChEMBL screening assays

1 unique, capped per target: 1 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay IDTypeDescriptionSource paper
CHEMBL5651851BindingBinding affinity to human MYL6 incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assayNVP-BHG712: Effects of Regioisomers on the Affinity and Selectivity toward the EPHrin Family. — ChemMedChem

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.