NDOR1

gene
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Also known as NR1bA350O14.9CIAE1

Summary

NDOR1 (NADPH dependent diflavin oxidoreductase 1, HGNC:29838) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 9q34.3, encoding NADPH-dependent diflavin oxidoreductase 1 (Q9UHB4). NADPH-dependent reductase which is a central component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. It is a common-essential gene (DepMap: required in 90.5% of cancer cell lines).

This gene encodes an NADPH-dependent diflavin reductase that contains both flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) binding domains. The encoded protein catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADPH through FAD and FMN cofactors to potential redox partners. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Source: NCBI Gene 27158 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 19
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 157 total
  • Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 90.5% of screened cell lines (common-essential)
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_014434

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:29838
Approved symbolNDOR1
NameNADPH dependent diflavin oxidoreductase 1
Location9q34.3
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesNR1, bA350O14.9, CIAE1
Ensembl geneENSG00000188566
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM606073
Entrez27158

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 8 — 6 protein_coding, 2 retained_intron

ENST00000371521, ENST00000427047, ENST00000458322, ENST00000612145, ENST00000613750, ENST00000684003, ENST00000861139, ENST00000938577

RefSeq mRNA: 4 — MANE Select: NM_014434 NM_001144026, NM_001144027, NM_001144028, NM_014434

CCDS: CCDS48061, CCDS48062, CCDS48063, CCDS7036

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000684003 — 14 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE00003801601137215095137215202
ENSE00003803027137215659137215805
ENSE00003803201137216094137216188
ENSE00003803549137215899137216017
ENSE00003806914137212502137212599
ENSE00003807674137206232137206309
ENSE00003807736137214204137214413
ENSE00003807752137214798137215018
ENSE00003808424137214570137214691
ENSE00003808803137215407137215521
ENSE00003810390137213967137214068
ENSE00003810910137213780137213878
ENSE00003918994137205700137205912
ENSE00003920194137216272137219361

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 163 present calls, max score 92.55.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 23.9176 / max 333.5770, expressed in 1809 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
9967023.91761809

Top tissues by expression

280 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
granulocyteCL:000009492.55gold quality
right lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000111986.49gold quality
mucosa of transverse colonUBERON:000499186.49gold quality
metanephros cortexUBERON:001053386.36gold quality
apex of heartUBERON:000209886.20gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellumUBERON:001489085.99gold quality
spleenUBERON:000210685.93gold quality
right uterine tubeUBERON:000130285.75gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patchUBERON:000345485.68gold quality
left lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000112085.63gold quality
body of stomachUBERON:000116185.41gold quality
tibial nerveUBERON:000132384.69gold quality
lower esophagus mucosaUBERON:003583484.65gold quality
transverse colonUBERON:000115784.64gold quality
right adrenal glandUBERON:000123384.63gold quality
right frontal lobeUBERON:000281084.44gold quality
cerebellar hemisphereUBERON:000224584.43gold quality
cerebellar cortexUBERON:000212984.31gold quality
mucosa of stomachUBERON:000119984.29gold quality
left uterine tubeUBERON:000130384.29gold quality
thyroid glandUBERON:000204684.14gold quality
skin of legUBERON:000151184.11gold quality
right adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582784.09gold quality
right testisUBERON:000453484.08gold quality
ectocervixUBERON:001224984.05gold quality
left testisUBERON:000453383.93gold quality
skin of abdomenUBERON:000141683.84gold quality
upper lobe of left lungUBERON:000895283.73gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layerUBERON:003583383.72gold quality
lower esophagusUBERON:001347383.71gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3no1.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

93 targeting NDOR1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-6876-5P100.0067.682126
HSA-MIR-4673100.0066.641490
HSA-MIR-5193100.0067.261744
HSA-MIR-4713-3P100.0065.92505
HSA-MIR-520G-5P99.9966.76658
HSA-MIR-4650-5P99.9864.69999
HSA-MIR-4645-5P99.9865.811284
HSA-MIR-448799.9664.581252
HSA-MIR-6721-5P99.9368.922981
HSA-MIR-6783-3P99.8967.922059
HSA-MIR-1343-3P99.8966.781815
HSA-MIR-3065-3P99.8770.251407
HSA-MIR-449299.8768.253611
HSA-MIR-444799.8567.812900
HSA-MIR-76599.8468.242442
HSA-MIR-6756-5P99.8267.972466
HSA-MIR-6764-5P99.7567.892304
HSA-MIR-378G99.7164.901106
HSA-MIR-453099.6966.471509
HSA-MIR-6766-5P99.6867.702325
HSA-MIR-6887-3P99.6667.831778
HSA-MIR-182799.6368.573265
HSA-MIR-6836-5P99.6065.621538
HSA-MIR-613299.6065.831554
HSA-MIR-1915-3P99.5866.791988
HSA-MIR-76299.5866.611994
HSA-MIR-7106-5P99.5367.473574
HSA-MIR-486-3P99.5166.821901
HSA-MIR-1207-5P99.4969.112983
HSA-MIR-4687-3P99.4866.41968

Functional genomics

DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 90.5% of screened cell lines, common-essential.

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 4)

  • characterized in detail the redox and electron transfer properties of the component flavin-binding domains of protein NR1 (PMID:12631275)
  • NR1 may represent a minor pathway in the cell for redox regulation of methionine synthase (PMID:12871938)
  • Data show that that all seven currently known NMDAR subunits (NR1, NR2A, NR2B, NR2C, NR2D, NR3A and NR3B) are expressed in astrocytes, but at different levels. (PMID:21152063)
  • the molecular basis of recognition between Ndor1 and anamorsin and of the electron transfer process, was investigated. (PMID:23596212)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriondor1ENSDARG00000007429
mus_musculusNdor1ENSMUSG00000006471
rattus_norvegicusNdor1ENSRNOG00000010616
drosophila_melanogasterCG13667FBGN0035890
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00001485

Paralogs (5): NOS2 (ENSG00000007171), NOS1 (ENSG00000089250), MTRR (ENSG00000124275), POR (ENSG00000127948), NOS3 (ENSG00000164867)

Protein

Protein identifiers

NADPH-dependent diflavin oxidoreductase 1Q9UHB4 (reviewed: Q9UHB4)

Alternative names: NADPH-dependent FMN and FAD-containing oxidoreductase, Novel reductase 1

All UniProt accessions (1): Q9UHB4

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. NADPH-dependent reductase which is a central component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. Transfers electrons from NADPH via its FAD and FMN prosthetic groups to the [2Fe-2S] cluster of CIAPIN1, another key component of the CIA machinery. In turn, this reduced cluster provides electrons for assembly of cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster proteins. It can also reduce the [2Fe-2S] cluster of CISD1 and activate this protein implicated in Fe/S cluster repair. In vitro can fully activate methionine synthase/MTR in the presence of soluble cytochrome b5/CYB5A.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with CIAPIN1; as part of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. Interacts with DCPS.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Perinuclear region.

Tissue specificity. Low expression in brain, heart, kidney, pancreas, prostate and skeletal muscle. Highest levels in the placenta. Expressed in cancer cell lines including promyelocytic leukemia, HeLaS3, chronic myelagenous leukemia, lymphoblastic leukemia, Burkitt’s lymphoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, lung carcinoma, and melanoma G-361.

Similarity. Belongs to the NADPH-dependent diflavin oxidoreductase NDOR1 family. In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family. In the C-terminal section; belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family.

Isoforms (4)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
Q9UHB4-11yes
Q9UHB4-22
Q9UHB4-33
Q9UHB4-44

RefSeq proteins (4): NP_001137498, NP_001137499, NP_001137500, NP_055249* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR001094Flavdoxin-likeDomain
IPR001433OxRdtase_FAD/NAD-bdDomain
IPR001709Flavoprot_Pyr_Nucl_cyt_RdtaseDomain
IPR003097CysJ-like_FAD-bindingDomain
IPR008254Flavodoxin/NO_synthDomain
IPR017927FAD-bd_FR_typeDomain
IPR017938Riboflavin_synthase-like_b-brlHomologous_superfamily
IPR023173NADPH_Cyt_P450_Rdtase_alphaHomologous_superfamily
IPR028879NDOR1Family
IPR029039Flavoprotein-like_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR039261FNR_nucleotide-bdHomologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00175, PF00258, PF00667

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

  • EC 1.5.1.30 — flavin reductase (NADPH) (BRENDA: 19 organisms, 71 substrates, 35 inhibitors, 59 Km, 26 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

9 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 9. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

SubstrateKm (mM)Measurements
NADPH22
FMN20
FAD0.0036–0.2364
RIBOFLAVIN0.0013–0.044
NADH0.208–0.653
2-THIOFMN0.0071
GALACTOFLAVIN0.041
OXIDIZED RIBOFLAVIN0.0531
CIBACRON MARINE0

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

  • 2 oxidized [2Fe-2S]-[protein] + NADPH = 2 reduced [2Fe-2S]-[protein] + NADP(+) + H(+) (RHEA:67716)

UniProt features (39 total): binding site 12, strand 8, helix 7, splice variant 4, turn 3, domain 2, chain 1, sequence variant 1, region of interest 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
4H2DX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.8

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q9UHB4-F193.200.86

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (12): 416–419; 460; 515–516; 521–525; 558; 596; 12–17; 59–62; 97–106; 132; 350; 382–385

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

2 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-2564830Cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly
R-HSA-1430728Metabolism

MSigDB gene sets: 101 (showing top): WHITEHURST_PACLITAXEL_SENSITIVITY, GOBP_GENERATION_OF_PRECURSOR_METABOLITES_AND_ENERGY, GOBP_ELECTRON_TRANSPORT_CHAIN, LIAO_METASTASIS, WHN_B, GOMF_OXIDOREDUCTASE_ACTIVITY_ACTING_ON_NAD_P_H, MARSON_BOUND_BY_FOXP3_UNSTIMULATED, GOMF_FMN_BINDING, GOMF_FAD_BINDING, GOMF_NADPH_BINDING, GOMF_NADP_BINDING, GOMF_FLAVIN_ADENINE_DINUCLEOTIDE_BINDING, GOMF_ADENYL_NUCLEOTIDE_BINDING, BRUINS_UVC_RESPONSE_VIA_TP53_GROUP_D, GOBERT_OLIGODENDROCYTE_DIFFERENTIATION_DN

GO Biological Process (2): iron-sulfur cluster assembly (GO:0016226), electron transport chain (GO:0022900)

GO Molecular Function (12): NADPH-hemoprotein reductase activity (GO:0003958), electron transfer activity (GO:0009055), FMN binding (GO:0010181), oxidoreductase activity (GO:0016491), oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, heme protein as acceptor (GO:0016653), flavin adenine dinucleotide binding (GO:0050660), NADP binding (GO:0050661), NADPH binding (GO:0070402), FAD binding (GO:0071949), NADPH-iron-sulfur [2Fe-2S] protein oxidoreductase activity (GO:0160246), protein binding (GO:0005515), oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H (GO:0016651)

GO Cellular Component (6): nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytosol (GO:0005829), intermediate filament cytoskeleton (GO:0045111), perinuclear region of cytoplasm (GO:0048471), nucleus (GO:0005634)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Metabolism1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
cellular anatomical structure4
anion binding3
cytoplasm2
metallo-sulfur cluster assembly1
generation of precursor metabolites and energy1
oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, heme protein as acceptor1
molecular_function1
ribonucleotide binding1
catalytic activity1
oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H1
nucleotide binding1
adenyl nucleotide binding1
NADP binding1
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding1
oxidoreductase activity, acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor1
binding1
oxidoreductase activity1
nuclear lumen1
intracellular anatomical structure1
cytoskeleton1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1239 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
NDOR1CIAPIN1Q6FI81964
NDOR1DCPSQ96C86952
NDOR1NUBP1P53384762
NDOR1MTRQ99707754
NDOR1CIAO3Q9H6Q4709
NDOR1CIAO1O76071672
NDOR1ABCB7O75027667
NDOR1GLRX3O76003649
NDOR1MMS19Q96T76649
NDOR1CIAO2BQ9Y3D0642
NDOR1LYRM4Q9HD34595
NDOR1NUBP2Q9Y5Y2583
NDOR1NFS1Q9Y697574
NDOR1BOLA2Q9H3K6543
NDOR1CYCSP00001543

IntAct

122 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
CIAPIN1GLRX3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.960
NDOR1CIAPIN1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.890
CIAPIN1NDOR1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.890
TCHPNDOR1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
NDOR1TCHPpsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.780
TCF4NDOR1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.670
MTUS2NDOR1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.670
NDOR1TCF4psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.670
NDOR1MTUS2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.670
NDOR1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
EFHC2NDOR1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560

BioGRID (64): NDOR1 (Two-hybrid), NDOR1 (Two-hybrid), CIAPIN1 (Two-hybrid), CCDC33 (Two-hybrid), EFHC2 (Two-hybrid), TCHP (Two-hybrid), NDOR1 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDOR1 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDOR1 (Two-hybrid), NDOR1 (Two-hybrid), NDOR1 (Two-hybrid), NDOR1 (Two-hybrid), NDOR1 (Two-hybrid), NDOR1 (Two-hybrid), NDOR1 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2AI05, D3ZDK7, E1BNQ4, O55240, O70249, P21139, P24298, P25409, P50336, P51175, P56602, P97849, Q03426, Q1JPJ0, Q27979, Q2KJF7, Q3T0A0, Q3ZKN0, Q498R1, Q4JIJ2, Q5E9M9, Q5E9T8, Q5R7A2, Q5RK23, Q60714, Q60HD5, Q6AYG0, Q6NRG5, Q6P1M0, Q6P3E7, Q6PCB7, Q6PFP6, Q7TSA0, Q8BNV1, Q8BZG5, Q8C1A3, Q8CHP8, Q8IXI1, Q8JZN7, Q8QZR5

Diamond homologs: A0A2U1KZS6, A0A2U1LIM9, A0A7T9QPQ1, A0KTH4, A1AEV0, A2QS05, A5F3I4, A6TD49, A7MJ63, A7ZQK7, A8A3P5, A8ANX1, A8G9X6, A9LZ73, A9MF16, B1IU77, C5YJG8, O08336, O08394, O19114, O19132, O32214, O54705, O62699, P00388, P00389, P04175, P14779, P16435, P16603, P19618, P29474, P29475, P29476, P29477, P35228, P36587, P37039, P37040, P37116

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

157 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance136
Likely benign7
Benign0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

2555 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
9:137205832:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000
9:137213775:CACAG:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
9:137213778:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137213779:G:GGacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137213779:G:GTacceptor_loss1.0000
9:137213874:CTGGG:Cdonor_gain1.0000
9:137213876:GGG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
9:137213877:GG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
9:137213877:GGG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
9:137213878:GG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
9:137213879:G:GGdonor_gain1.0000
9:137213879:GTGA:Gdonor_loss1.0000
9:137213880:T:Gdonor_loss1.0000
9:137214202:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137214203:G:GGacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137214203:GCCT:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137214370:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000
9:137214567:C:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137214568:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137214569:G:GAacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137214569:GCT:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137214569:GCTTT:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137214687:GCCAG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
9:137214690:AGGTG:Adonor_loss1.0000
9:137214691:GGT:Gdonor_loss1.0000
9:137214692:GT:Gdonor_loss1.0000
9:137214693:T:Gdonor_loss1.0000
9:137214812:AC:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137214813:C:CAacceptor_gain1.0000
9:137214971:G:GTdonor_gain1.0000

AlphaMissense

0 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000011821 (9:137212730 G>A,C), RS1000246543 (9:137216482 G>A), RS1000316314 (9:137205948 G>A), RS1000521730 (9:137208162 A>G,T), RS1000574292 (9:137218334 G>A), RS1000762532 (9:137219213 A>G), RS1000831270 (9:137211265 G>A), RS1000903179 (9:137218466 G>A,T), RS1001244281 (9:137216861 C>G), RS1001879897 (9:137218921 A>T), RS1001913493 (9:137205120 T>C), RS1001986964 (9:137204743 T>A), RS1001991141 (9:137214135 G>A,T), RS1002022091 (9:137214023 T>A), RS1002105422 (9:137210204 A>G,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:606073 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

19 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST004602_179Mean corpuscular volume8.000000e-16
GCST004605_48Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration7.000000e-09
GCST004611_49High light scatter reticulocyte count3.000000e-14
GCST004612_105High light scatter reticulocyte percentage of red cells2.000000e-16
GCST004619_213Reticulocyte fraction of red cells7.000000e-18
GCST004622_28Reticulocyte count7.000000e-14
GCST004630_234Mean corpuscular hemoglobin6.000000e-21
GCST008058_6Estimated glomerular filtration rate4.000000e-10
GCST008059_249Estimated glomerular filtration rate2.000000e-10
GCST90002385_472High light scatter reticulocyte count9.000000e-32
GCST90002386_393High light scatter reticulocyte percentage of red cells2.000000e-39
GCST90002387_348Immature fraction of reticulocytes2.000000e-18
GCST90002390_406Mean corpuscular hemoglobin5.000000e-56
GCST90002391_248Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration2.000000e-16
GCST90002392_604Mean corpuscular volume5.000000e-45
GCST90002397_701Mean spheric corpuscular volume6.000000e-11
GCST90002403_250Red blood cell count1.000000e-15
GCST90002405_479Reticulocyte count8.000000e-28
GCST90002406_292Reticulocyte fraction of red cells3.000000e-38

EFO canonical traits (4, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0004528mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
EFO:0007986reticulocyte count
EFO:0004527mean corpuscular hemoglobin
EFO:0004305erythrocyte count

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

23 total (human), top 23 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
sodium arseniteaffects cotreatment, affects expression, increases abundance, increases expression2
Aflatoxin B1decreases methylation, increases methylation2
aristolochic acid Iincreases expression1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
zinc chromatedecreases expression, increases abundance1
4-aminophenylarsenoxideaffects binding, decreases reaction1
chromium hexavalent iondecreases expression, increases abundance1
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidinsaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
bisphenol Sdecreases methylation1
Sunitinibincreases expression1
Arsenic Trioxideaffects binding, decreases reaction1
Air Pollutantsaffects expression, increases abundance1
Aldehydesdecreases expression1
Arsenicaffects cotreatment, affects expression, increases abundance1
Benzo(a)pyreneaffects methylation1
Catechinincreases expression, affects cotreatment1
Niclosamidedecreases expression1
Ozoneaffects expression, increases abundance1
Smokedecreases expression1
Testosteroneincreases expression1
Valproic Acidincreases methylation1
Sodium Seleniteincreases expression1
Okadaic Acidincreases expression1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.