NDST2

Summary

NDST2 (N-deacetylase and N-sulfotransferase 2, HGNC:7681) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 10q22.2, encoding Bifunctional heparan sulfate N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase 2 (P52849). Essential bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes both the N-deacetylation and the N-sulfation of glucosamine (GlcNAc) of the glycosaminoglycan in heparan sulfate.

This gene encodes a member of the N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase subfamily of the sulfotransferase 1 proteins. The encoded enzyme has dual functions in processing glucosamine and heparin polymers, including N-deacetylation and N-sulfation. The encoded protein may be localized to the Golgi.

Source: NCBI Gene 8509 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): schizophrenia (No Known Disease Relationship, GenCC)
• GWAS associations: 2
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 155 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_003635

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:7681
Approved symbol	NDST2
Name	N-deacetylase and N-sulfotransferase 2
Location	10q22.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	NST2, HSST2
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000166507
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	603268
Entrez	8509

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 21 — 18 protein_coding, 3 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000299641, ENST00000309979, ENST00000398701, ENST00000429742, ENST00000463410, ENST00000465929, ENST00000852703, ENST00000852704, ENST00000852705, ENST00000852706, ENST00000852707, ENST00000852708, ENST00000852709, ENST00000852710, ENST00000852711, ENST00000852712, ENST00000925465, ENST00000925466, ENST00000925467, ENST00000942041, ENST00000942042

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_003635 NM_001330107, NM_003635

CCDS: CCDS7335

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000309979 — 15 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001183921	73811474	73811598
ENSE00001183932	73802972	73803081
ENSE00003484545	73802674	73802776
ENSE00003703540	73804773	73804869
ENSE00003703594	73803189	73803359
ENSE00003704750	73806657	73806811
ENSE00003704863	73805900	73806028
ENSE00003706604	73807108	73807195
ENSE00003707121	73806289	73806474
ENSE00003708083	73805587	73805769
ENSE00003708643	73803574	73803748
ENSE00003709297	73810799	73810903
ENSE00003709588	73807384	73808729
ENSE00003710586	73803893	73804016
ENSE00003894578	73801916	73802576

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 141 present calls, max score 95.74.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 17.2919 / max 741.1525, expressed in 1803 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (9 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
110116	8.5179	1756
110117	6.4825	1631
110115	0.7806	23
110113	0.5307	63
110114	0.3343	15
110118	0.2998	114
110111	0.2207	51
110112	0.1131	33
110110	0.0123	7

Top tissues by expression

141 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	95.74	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	95.20	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	93.49	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	93.39	gold quality
bone element	UBERON:0001474	93.38	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	93.10	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	92.69	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	92.65	gold quality
minor salivary gland	UBERON:0001830	92.52	gold quality
saliva-secreting gland	UBERON:0001044	92.39	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	92.33	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	92.32	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	92.24	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	92.24	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	92.15	gold quality
pituitary gland	UBERON:0000007	92.13	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	92.11	gold quality
adenohypophysis	UBERON:0002196	92.02	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	91.95	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	91.94	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	91.94	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	91.93	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	91.88	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	91.88	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	91.85	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	91.84	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	91.84	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	91.82	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	91.78	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	91.77	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	6.69

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): MITF

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

43 targeting NDST2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4500	99.99	72.72	2367
HSA-LET-7A-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7B-5P	99.98	72.31	1790
HSA-LET-7C-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7E-5P	99.98	72.29	1790
HSA-LET-7F-5P	99.98	72.56	1784
HSA-LET-7G-5P	99.98	72.37	1784
HSA-LET-7I-5P	99.98	72.37	1788
HSA-MIR-98-5P	99.98	72.33	1787
HSA-LET-7D-5P	99.96	71.76	1632
HSA-MIR-4458	99.96	71.64	1650
HSA-MIR-7162-3P	99.89	68.16	1682
HSA-MIR-1321	99.84	65.30	1811
HSA-MIR-4739	99.84	65.25	1832
HSA-MIR-4756-5P	99.84	64.98	1809
HSA-MIR-8080	99.82	67.52	1342
HSA-MIR-6885-3P	99.75	70.36	3187
HSA-MIR-2116-3P	99.74	64.32	889
HSA-MIR-1287-3P	99.63	66.93	492
HSA-MIR-4437	99.52	65.29	1266
HSA-MIR-133A-5P	99.28	69.13	941
HSA-MIR-4477B	99.23	70.49	1733
HSA-MIR-6734-3P	99.15	66.27	1627
HSA-MIR-661	99.09	65.94	2062
HSA-MIR-1257	98.97	68.02	1133
HSA-MIR-4477A	98.83	69.75	2952
HSA-MIR-6846-5P	98.81	65.86	1121
HSA-MIR-6848-5P	98.81	65.49	1126
HSA-MIR-4646-3P	98.65	66.98	693
HSA-MIR-6873-5P	98.45	66.14	1417

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	ndst2b	ENSDARG00000060678
danio_rerio	ndst2a	ENSDARG00000086269
mus_musculus	Ndst2	ENSMUSG00000039308
rattus_norvegicus	Ndst2	ENSRNOG00000057755

Paralogs (10): HS3ST1 (ENSG00000002587), NDST1 (ENSG00000070614), HS3ST2 (ENSG00000122254), HS3ST3B1 (ENSG00000125430), NDST4 (ENSG00000138653), HS3ST3A1 (ENSG00000153976), HS3ST6 (ENSG00000162040), NDST3 (ENSG00000164100), HS3ST4 (ENSG00000182601), HS3ST5 (ENSG00000249853)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Bifunctional heparan sulfate N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase 2 — P52849 (reviewed: P52849)

Alternative names: Glucosaminyl N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase 2, N-heparan sulfate sulfotransferase 2

All UniProt accessions (2): P52849, H7C032

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Essential bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes both the N-deacetylation and the N-sulfation of glucosamine (GlcNAc) of the glycosaminoglycan in heparan sulfate. Modifies the GlcNAc-GlcA disaccharide repeating sugar backbone to make N-sulfated heparosan, a prerequisite substrate for later modifications in heparin biosynthesis. Plays a role in determining the extent and pattern of sulfation of heparan sulfate. Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan.

Subunit / interactions. Monomer.

Subcellular location. Golgi apparatus membrane.

Pathway. Glycan metabolism; heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Glycan metabolism; heparin biosynthesis.

Miscellaneous. The presence of 4 different heparan sulfate N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase enzymes in mammals, as well as differences in their enzyme activity suggest that some initiate heparan sulfate modification/sulfation reactions, whereas other later on fill in or extend already modified heparan sulfate sequences.

Similarity. Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. NDST subfamily.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
P52849-1	1	yes
P52849-2	2

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001317036, NP_003626* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000863	Sulfotransferase_dom	Domain
IPR021930	Heparan_SO4_deacetylase_dom	Domain
IPR027417	P-loop_NTPase	Homologous_superfamily
IPR037359	NST/OST	Family
IPR056793	HSNSD_N	Domain

Pfam: PF00685, PF12062, PF25119

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 2.8.2.8 — [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine N-sulfotransferase (BRENDA: 11 organisms, 86 substrates, 14 inhibitors, 13 Km, 0 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

5 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 5. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
3’-PHOSPHOADENYLYLSULFATE	0.005–0.108	6
N-DEACETYLASE K5-POLYSACCHARIDE	0.0009–0.0224	3
N,O-DESULFOHEPARAN SULFATE TETRASACCHARIDE	2.5	1
N-DESULFOHEPARAN SULFATE	1.89	1
N-DESULFOHEPARIN	0.013	1

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

• alpha-D-glucosaminyl-heparan sulfate + 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = N-sulfo-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-heparan sulfate + adenosine 3’,5’-bisphosphate + 2 H(+) (RHEA:21980)

UniProt features (21 total): glycosylation site 6, binding site 3, region of interest 3, topological domain 2, splice variant 2, chain 1, disulfide bond 1, transmembrane region 1, compositionally biased region 1, active site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P52849-F1	91.20	0.81

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 613 (for sulfotransferase activity)

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (3): 711; 832–836; 613–617

Disulfide bonds (1): 817–827

Glycosylation sites (6): 233, 350, 400, 666, 726, 802

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

5 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-2022928	HS-GAG biosynthesis
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism
R-HSA-1630316	Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
R-HSA-1638091	Heparan sulfate/heparin (HS-GAG) metabolism
R-HSA-71387	Metabolism of carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives

MSigDB gene sets: 203 (showing top): MYAATNNNNNNNGGC_UNKNOWN, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_SYSTEMIC_ARTERIAL_BLOOD_PRESSURE_BY_CIRCULATORY_RENIN_ANGIOTENSIN, HNF3ALPHA_Q6, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_BLOOD_PRESSURE, GOBP_CIRCULATORY_SYSTEM_PROCESS, CMYB_01, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_SYSTEMIC_ARTERIAL_BLOOD_PRESSURE, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_HORMONE_LEVELS, LINDGREN_BLADDER_CANCER_CLUSTER_3_DN, AP4_Q6, CAGCTG_AP4_Q5, GOBP_LEUKOCYTE_MEDIATED_IMMUNITY, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, COUP_01, MARTINEZ_RB1_TARGETS_DN

GO Biological Process (4): regulation of angiotensin levels in blood (GO:0002002), mast cell mediated immunity (GO:0002448), heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process (GO:0015012), heparin proteoglycan biosynthetic process (GO:0030210)

GO Molecular Function (8): heparan sulfate N-sulfotransferase activity (GO:0015016), deacetylase activity (GO:0019213), N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase activity (GO:0050119), heparan sulfate N-deacetylase activity (GO:0102140), catalytic activity (GO:0003824), sulfotransferase activity (GO:0008146), transferase activity (GO:0016740), hydrolase activity (GO:0016787)

GO Cellular Component (3): Golgi membrane (GO:0000139), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-4 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Heparan sulfate/heparin (HS-GAG) metabolism	1
Metabolism of carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives	1
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism	1
Metabolism	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
protein O-linked glycosylation via xylose	2
deacetylase activity	2
catalytic activity	2
regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by circulatory renin-angiotensin	1
regulation of hormone levels	1
myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity	1
proteoglycan biosynthetic process	1
heparan sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process	1
heparin proteoglycan metabolic process	1
heparan sulfate sulfotransferase activity	1
deacylase activity	1
hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides	1
carboxylic ester hydrolase activity	1
molecular_function	1
transferase activity, transferring sulphur-containing groups	1
Golgi apparatus	1
bounding membrane of organelle	1
cytoplasm	1
endomembrane system	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

672 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
NDST2	CPA3	P15088	897
NDST2	SULT1C3	Q6IMI6	821
NDST2	SULT1C4	O75897	815
NDST2	SULT1B1	O43704	815
NDST2	HS2ST1	Q7LGA3	803
NDST2	PCDH15	Q96QU1	767
NDST2	EXT1	Q16394	747
NDST2	EXT2	Q93063	742
NDST2	HS6ST1	O60243	733
NDST2	GLCE	O94923	691
NDST2	HS6ST2	Q96MM7	670
NDST2	UST	Q9Y2C2	669
NDST2	HS6ST3	Q8IZP7	627
NDST2	EXTL3	O43909	612
NDST2	K7EP71	K7EP71	610

IntAct

23 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
SCGB1D1	FAM234B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
IFNA21	IFIT3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
SDF4	GTPBP6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
IGFBP1	SUSD5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
LACRT	PLXNA2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
PLAUR	XRCC3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
SCGB2A2	GXYLT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PLAUR	DDX11L8	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ST8SIA4	NRP1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CRP	QSOX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PTCH1	PLXNB2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SIAE	COCH	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PDGFRA	GXYLT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CLEC12B	GXYLT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SCGB2A1	RAP1BL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SCGB2A2	RTL8C	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
C1orf54	AGRN	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NDST2	CLGN	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NDST2	A2ML1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NDST2	HSPA5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
C1orf54	QSOX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (47): NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDST2 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0D3QS98, A0A0D3QS99, C5H5C4, O70309, O97583, P05106, P17405, P18084, P18424, P50747, P52849, P52850, P58242, P61642, P70207, P80747, Q04519, Q0V8G3, Q0VBD0, Q0VD19, Q13219, Q5NDF2, Q5QQ51, Q5STE3, Q64687, Q6DFZ6, Q6KFX9, Q6MZW2, Q6P988, Q6PCX7, Q6UWX4, Q6YGZ1, Q6ZXD2, Q71RP1, Q7TQ33, Q812F8, Q8BJQ9, Q8C1F4, Q8N6G5, Q8R116

Diamond homologs: O14792, O35310, O95803, P52849, Q5GFD5, Q60V90, Q673U1, Q80W66, Q8BKN6, Q8BSL4, Q8IZT8, Q966W3, Q96QI5, Q9EQH7, Q9EQW8, Q9ESG5, Q9H3R1, Q9QZS6, Q9V3L1, Q9Y278, Q9Y661, Q9Y662, Q9Y663, O97583, P52848, P52850, Q02353, Q3UHN9, Q5U4X8, Q6GQK9, Q55GK8, Q91XQ5

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

155 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	139
Likely benign	3
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

2248 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
10:73802479:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
10:73802572:CGGGA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73802577:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73802670:TTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
10:73802671:TA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
10:73802672:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
10:73802673:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
10:73802775:ACCTG:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:73802776:CCTGC:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:73802796:CA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73803082:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73803355:TGATG:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73803358:TG:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73803359:GCTGA:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:73803360:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73803360:C:CG	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:73803561:G:C	donor_gain	1.0000
10:73803588:AGGC:A	donor_gain	1.0000
10:73803749:CTAGG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
10:73803762:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73805895:CTTAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
10:73805898:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
10:73805898:A:AG	donor_loss	1.0000
10:73805898:AC:A	donor_loss	1.0000
10:73805899:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
10:73806024:AGCAC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73806025:GCAC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73806026:CAC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73806026:CACC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
10:73806027:AC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

5748 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
10:73805740:A:C	N531K	1.000
10:73805740:A:T	N531K	1.000
10:73805749:A:C	H528Q	1.000
10:73805749:A:T	H528Q	1.000
10:73805751:G:C	H528D	1.000
10:73805755:C:A	M526I	1.000
10:73805755:C:G	M526I	1.000
10:73805755:C:T	M526I	1.000
10:73805995:G:C	H490D	1.000
10:73805999:G:C	F488L	1.000
10:73805999:G:T	F488L	1.000
10:73806000:A:C	F488C	1.000
10:73806001:A:G	F488L	1.000
10:73806001:A:T	F488I	1.000
10:73806003:A:G	L487P	1.000
10:73806008:A:C	C485W	1.000
10:73806009:C:T	C485Y	1.000
10:73806010:A:G	C485R	1.000
10:73806355:G:C	S456R	1.000
10:73806355:G:T	S456R	1.000
10:73806357:T:G	S456R	1.000
10:73806387:A:G	W446R	1.000
10:73806387:A:T	W446R	1.000
10:73806429:G:C	H432D	1.000
10:73806434:G:T	P430H	1.000
10:73806729:G:C	H392Q	1.000
10:73806729:G:T	H392Q	1.000
10:73806731:G:C	H392D	1.000
10:73806752:A:G	W385R	1.000
10:73806752:A:T	W385R	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000058719 (10:73807520 T>C), RS1000396056 (10:73811563 G>A,C), RS1000428573 (10:73811762 C>G,T), RS1001016455 (10:73813271 C>T), RS1001090306 (10:73813006 G>A,C), RS1001550751 (10:73804328 C>T), RS1001636918 (10:73812079 T>G), RS1001997097 (10:73802838 C>T), RS1002063718 (10:73804651 T>A,G), RS1002333154 (10:73808988 T>C), RS1002436215 (10:73809369 C>A,G,T), RS1002475149 (10:73807555 C>A,T), RS1002609522 (10:73802195 T>A,C), RS1003035136 (10:73812982 G>A), RS1003546253 (10:73801594 A>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:603268 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
schizophrenia	No Known Disease Relationship	Unknown

Mondo (1): schizophrenia (MONDO:0005090)

Orphanet (1): Microphthalmia-anophthalmia-coloboma (Orphanet:98555)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST004132_74	Crohn’s disease	2.000000e-09
GCST007656_13	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or resting heart rate (pleiotropy)	2.000000e-10

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

29 total (human), top 29 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Air Pollutants	affects expression, increases abundance, decreases expression	2
Valproic Acid	affects expression, increases methylation	2
methylmercuric chloride	decreases expression	1
potassium perchlorate	decreases expression	1
beta-lapachone	decreases expression	1
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	1
butyraldehyde	decreases expression	1
manganese chloride	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
potassium chromate(VI)	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
beta-methylcholine	affects expression	1
epigallocatechin gallate	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
jinfukang	increases expression	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	increases expression	1
Acetaminophen	affects expression	1
Arsenic	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Aspirin	increases expression	1
Manganese	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Ozone	affects expression, increases abundance	1
Smoke	decreases expression	1
Sulindac	decreases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	1
Antirheumatic Agents	decreases expression	1
Copper Sulfate	decreases expression	1
Lactic Acid	decreases expression	1
Acrylamide	decreases expression	1
Particulate Matter	decreases expression, increases abundance	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00000374	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment for First-Episode Schizophrenia
NCT00001656	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Clozapine vs Olanzapine in Childhood-Onset Psychotic Disorders
NCT00007774	PHASE4	COMPLETED	To Determine if Olanzapine is More Cost Effective Than Haloperidol for the Treatment of Schizophrenia
NCT00014001	PHASE4	COMPLETED	CATIE- Schizophrenia Trial
NCT00018668	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Antipsychotic Response in Schizophrenia
NCT00034801	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Olanzapine Versus Active Comparator in the Treatment of Depression in Patients With Schizophrenia
NCT00034905	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Comparison of Seroquel vs. Risperidone in Schizophrenia
NCT00036088	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Olanzapine Versus An Active Comparator in the Treatment of Schizophrenia
NCT00044187	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Assessment of a Weight-Gain Agent for the Treatment of Olanzapine-Associated Anti-Obesity Agent in Patients With Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder, Schizoaffective Disorder, and Bipolar I Disorder
NCT00044655	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Switching Medication to Treat Schizophrenia
NCT00048828	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treating Drug-Resistant Childhood Schizophrenia
NCT00053703	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment of Early Onset Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (TEOSS)
NCT00056498	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Risperidone Treatment in Schizophrenia Patients Who Are Currently Taking Clozapine
NCT00061802	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety of Two Atypical Antipsychotics vs. Placebo in Patients With an Acute Exacerbation of Either Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder
NCT00080327	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Three Doses of Aripiprazole in Patients With Acute Schizophrenia
NCT00088049	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Olanzapine vs. Aripiprazole in the Treatment of Schizophrenia
NCT00090012	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Continuing Olanzapine to Switching to Quetiapine in Overweight or Obese Patients With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder
NCT00100776	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy of High Dose Olanzapine for the Treatment of Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder
NCT00103571	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Olanzapine Versus Aripiprazole in the Treatment of Acutely Ill Patients With Schizophrenia
NCT00108368	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effects of Risperidone and Olanzapine on Thinking
NCT00114595	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Ethyl-Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Tardive Dyskinesia
NCT00130923	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Risperidone Long-acting Versus Oral Risperidone in Patients With Schizophrenia and Alcohol Use Disorder
NCT00137020	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Clinical Effect Of Cross Titration Of Antipsychotics With Ziprasidone In Schizophrenia Or Schizoaffective Disorder
NCT00140166	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment of Acute Schizophrenia With Vitamin Therapy
NCT00145847	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Naltrexone Treatment of Alcohol Abuse in Schizophrenia
NCT00148564	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Energy Homeostasis Under Treatment With Atypical Antipsychotics
NCT00156715	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy of Quetiapine in the Treatment of Patients With Schizophrenia and a Comorbid Substance Use Disorder
NCT00158223	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effectiveness of Pimozide in Augmenting the Effects of Clozapine in the Treatment of Schizophrenia
NCT00159081	PHASE4	COMPLETED	One Year Drug Treatment in First-Episode Schizophrenia
NCT00159120	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Maintenance Treatment vs. Stepwise Drug Discontinuation in First-Episode Schizophrenia
NCT00159133	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Prodrome-Based Early Intervention With Antipsychotics vs. Benzodiazepines in First-Episode Schizophrenia
NCT00159757	PHASE4	TERMINATED	12 Week Open, Non-Comparative Switch Study Of Oral Ziprazidone In Previously Treated Schizophrenic Patients
NCT00167817	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect of Switch to Aripiprazole on Health and Smoking Parameters in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study
NCT00169026	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Alcoholism and Schizophrenia: Effects of Clozapine
NCT00169039	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Clozapine Versus Chlorpromazine for Treatment-Unresponsive Schizophrenia
NCT00169065	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effectiveness of Clozapine Versus Olanzapine for Treatment-resistant Schizophrenia
NCT00169091	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Clozapine Versus Haloperidol for Treating the First Episode of Schizophrenia
NCT00176423	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy Study of Galantamine for Cognitive Impairments in Schizophrenia
NCT00176436	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Atomoxetine for Treatment of Weight Gain in Olanzapine or Clozapine Patients
NCT00177008	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Aripiprazole for the Treatment of Schizophrenia With Co-Morbid Social Anxiety