NDUFC1

gene
On this page

Also known as KFYI

Summary

NDUFC1 (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit C1, HGNC:7705) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 4q31.1, encoding NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial (O43677). Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. It is a selective cancer dependency (DepMap: 16.5% of cell lines).

The encoded protein is a subunit of the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I), the first enzyme complex in the electron transport chain located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Source: NCBI Gene 4717 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 24 total
  • Druggable target: yes
  • Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 16.5% of screened cell lines
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_001184989

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:7705
Approved symbolNDUFC1
NameNADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit C1
Location4q31.1
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesKFYI
Ensembl geneENSG00000109390
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM603844
Entrez4717

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 67 — 62 protein_coding, 4 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000394223, ENST00000394225, ENST00000394228, ENST00000503453, ENST00000503997, ENST00000505036, ENST00000507764, ENST00000513022, ENST00000539002, ENST00000539387, ENST00000544855, ENST00000676245, ENST00000854294, ENST00000854295, ENST00000854296, ENST00000854297, ENST00000854298, ENST00000854299, ENST00000854300, ENST00000854301, ENST00000854302, ENST00000854303, ENST00000854304, ENST00000854305, ENST00000854306, ENST00000854307, ENST00000854308, ENST00000854309, ENST00000854310, ENST00000854311, ENST00000854312, ENST00000854313, ENST00000854314, ENST00000854315, ENST00000854316, ENST00000854317, ENST00000854318, ENST00000920492, ENST00000920493, ENST00000920494, ENST00000920495, ENST00000920496, ENST00000920497, ENST00000920498, ENST00000920499, ENST00000920500, ENST00000920501, ENST00000920502, ENST00000920503, ENST00000920504, ENST00000920505, ENST00000920506, ENST00000920507, ENST00000920508, ENST00000920509, ENST00000920510, ENST00000920511, ENST00000920512, ENST00000920513, ENST00000920514, ENST00000920515, ENST00000959733, ENST00000959734, ENST00000959735, ENST00000959736, ENST00000959737, ENST00000959738

RefSeq mRNA: 7 — MANE Select: NM_001184989 NM_001184986, NM_001184987, NM_001184988, NM_001184989, NM_001184990, NM_001184991, NM_002494

CCDS: CCDS3746

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000394223 — 6 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE00001517793139289931139290092
ENSE00001517794139302416139302477
ENSE00002058322139297385139297443
ENSE00003527591139292530139292609
ENSE00003532122139295043139295146
ENSE00003532724139295732139295960

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 294 present calls, max score 99.46.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 135.4493 / max 728.1735, expressed in 1827 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (6 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
54058123.53711826
540627.79571723
540611.7328886
540601.5668712
540630.5400292
540590.276895

Top tissues by expression

295 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
renal medullaUBERON:000036299.46gold quality
heart right ventricleUBERON:000208099.42gold quality
diaphragmUBERON:000110399.28gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominisUBERON:000451199.27gold quality
biceps brachiiUBERON:000150799.19gold quality
type B pancreatic cellCL:000016999.16gold quality
body of tongueUBERON:001187699.13gold quality
nephron tubuleUBERON:000123199.08gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachiiUBERON:000450299.08gold quality
vastus lateralisUBERON:000137999.03gold quality
pigmented layer of retinaUBERON:000178298.90gold quality
vena cavaUBERON:000408798.84gold quality
tongueUBERON:000172398.81gold quality
triceps brachiiUBERON:000150998.76gold quality
pharyngeal mucosaUBERON:000035598.73gold quality
cardia of stomachUBERON:000116298.71gold quality
renal glomerulusUBERON:000007498.66gold quality
metanephric glomerulusUBERON:000473698.66gold quality
hair follicleUBERON:000207398.65gold quality
cervix epitheliumUBERON:000480198.64gold quality
cardiac ventricleUBERON:000208298.59gold quality
tongue squamous epitheliumUBERON:000691998.58gold quality
pylorusUBERON:000116698.57gold quality
cerebellar vermisUBERON:000472098.57gold quality
adult organismUBERON:000702398.57gold quality
heart left ventricleUBERON:000208498.56gold quality
ponsUBERON:000098898.55gold quality
postcentral gyrusUBERON:000258198.54gold quality
mucosa of sigmoid colonUBERON:000499398.53gold quality
superior surface of tongueUBERON:000737198.50gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 6 experiment(s), a significant marker in 4.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-HCAD-10yes33.65
E-MTAB-6701yes16.45
E-GEOD-135922yes9.19
E-MTAB-6819no827.01
E-CURD-97no331.27
E-ANND-3no0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

19 targeting NDUFC1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-6833-3P100.0070.633197
HSA-MIR-4768-5P100.0069.492861
HSA-MIR-548AW99.9972.573559
HSA-MIR-1468-3P99.9672.743797
HSA-MIR-548AJ-5P99.7871.123085
HSA-MIR-548F-5P99.7871.023093
HSA-MIR-548G-5P99.7871.123085
HSA-MIR-548X-5P99.7871.123085
HSA-MIR-5580-5P99.3866.961139
HSA-MIR-520A-5P99.3566.721632
HSA-MIR-525-5P99.3566.851615
HSA-MIR-10522-5P99.2668.502087
HSA-MIR-569099.2567.581012
HSA-MIR-470599.1069.101091
HSA-MIR-42198.9067.041883
HSA-MIR-607498.8969.642187
HSA-MIR-1212598.5967.541044
HSA-MIR-132297.9868.96625
HSA-MIR-9851-5P97.5767.491067

Functional genomics

DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 16.5% of screened cell lines.

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
mus_musculusNdufc1ENSMUSG00000037152
rattus_norvegicusNdufc1ENSRNOG00000089477

Protein

Protein identifiers

NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrialO43677 (reviewed: O43677)

Alternative names: Complex I-KFYI, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase KFYI subunit

All UniProt accessions (2): O43677, A0A6Q8PHK7

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.

Subunit / interactions. Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits.

Subcellular location. Mitochondrion inner membrane.

Similarity. Belongs to the complex I NDUFC1 subunit family.

RefSeq proteins (7): NP_001171915, NP_001171916, NP_001171917, NP_001171918, NP_001171919, NP_001171920, NP_002485 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR026192NDUFC1Family

Pfam: PF15088

UniProt features (3 total): transit peptide 1, chain 1, transmembrane region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

7 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
9I4IELECTRON MICROSCOPY2.63
9TI4ELECTRON MICROSCOPY2.66
9CWTELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.44
5XTCELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.7
5XTDELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.7
5XTHELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.9
5XTIELECTRON MICROSCOPY17.4

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-O43677-F183.600.50

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

4 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-611105Respiratory electron transport
R-HSA-6799198Complex I biogenesis
R-HSA-1428517Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport
R-HSA-1430728Metabolism

MSigDB gene sets: 235 (showing top): FAELT_B_CLL_WITH_VH_REARRANGEMENTS_DN, MODULE_77, MORF_HDAC1, GOBP_ORGANOPHOSPHATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, MORF_HDAC2, GOBP_NUCLEOSIDE_PHOSPHATE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, CAGCTG_AP4_Q5, GOBP_ORGANOPHOSPHATE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_MONOATOMIC_CATION_TRANSPORT, GOBP_NUCLEOBASE_CONTAINING_SMALL_MOLECULE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_GENERATION_OF_PRECURSOR_METABOLITES_AND_ENERGY, GOBP_ATP_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_OXIDATIVE_PHOSPHORYLATION, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS

GO Biological Process (4): mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone (GO:0006120), aerobic respiration (GO:0009060), proton motive force-driven mitochondrial ATP synthesis (GO:0042776), proton transmembrane transport (GO:1902600)

GO Molecular Function (1): NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity (GO:0008137)

GO Cellular Component (4): mitochondrion (GO:0005739), mitochondrial inner membrane (GO:0005743), respiratory chain complex I (GO:0045271), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-3 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport1
Respiratory electron transport1
Metabolism1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
aerobic electron transport chain1
mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport1
cellular respiration1
mitochondrion1
oxidative phosphorylation1
proton motive force-driven ATP synthesis1
monoatomic cation transmembrane transport1
NADH dehydrogenase activity1
electron transfer activity1
proton transmembrane transporter activity1
oxidoreduction-driven active transmembrane transporter activity1
oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, quinone or similar compound as acceptor1
active monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity1
cytoplasm1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1
organelle inner membrane1
mitochondrial membrane1
NADH dehydrogenase complex1
respiratory chain complex1
transmembrane transporter complex1
cellular anatomical structure1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

944 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
NDUFC1NDUFB5O43674902
NDUFC1NDUFA5Q16718900
NDUFC1NDUFA2O43678881
NDUFC1NDUFB3O43676870
NDUFC1NDUFV3P56181846
NDUFC1NDUFC2O95298836
NDUFC1NDUFV2P19404826
NDUFC1NDUFA6P56556810
NDUFC1NDUFS6O75380798
NDUFC1NDUFV1P49821755
NDUFC1NDUFS1P28331753
NDUFC1NDUFA7O95182722
NDUFC1NDUFB2O95178721
NDUFC1NDUFA12Q9UI09672
NDUFC1NDUFB6O95139660

IntAct

0 interactions, top by confidence:

BioGRID (4): NDUFC1 (Affinity Capture-RNA), NDUFC1 (Negative Genetic), NDUFC1 (Negative Genetic), NDUFC1 (Negative Genetic)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0JMH2, A0PJW6, A5PJW2, B3DI94, B5DFG1, O43677, P0CB69, P0CB70, Q059A4, Q0MQF5, Q0MQF6, Q0V9C9, Q0VCH8, Q13405, Q3SX05, Q3SZA2, Q3SZV6, Q3U6U5, Q4G012, Q4KLZ1, Q4KM93, Q4R5K7, Q4R5Q4, Q4VAE3, Q53S58, Q5EA71, Q5R8X0, Q5XIC2, Q66LN0, Q6DC58, Q6PI78, Q75CX4, Q80YU0, Q863F8, Q863G5, Q8BPE4, Q8BWM0, Q8N159, Q8R4H7, Q95SS8

Diamond homologs: O43677, P0CB69, P0CB70, Q02376, Q0MQF5, Q0MQF6, Q9CQY9

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

AEffectBMechanism
NDUFC1“form complex”“NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase-Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I”binding

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

24 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance14
Likely benign2
Benign0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1738 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
4:139275287:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
4:139275288:C:CCdonor_gain1.0000
4:139275391:TG:Tacceptor_gain1.0000
4:139275392:GCT:Gacceptor_loss1.0000
4:139275393:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
4:139275393:C:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
4:139292528:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
4:139292529:C:CCdonor_gain1.0000
4:139292529:CTA:Cdonor_gain1.0000
4:139292529:CTACA:Cdonor_gain1.0000
4:139292606:TGAG:Tacceptor_gain1.0000
4:139292607:GAGCT:Gacceptor_loss1.0000
4:139292608:AGC:Aacceptor_loss1.0000
4:139292609:GCTAC:Gacceptor_loss1.0000
4:139292610:C:CAacceptor_loss1.0000
4:139292610:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
4:139295041:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
4:139295042:C:CCdonor_gain1.0000
4:139295142:TGAAG:Tacceptor_gain1.0000
4:139295143:GAAG:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
4:139295144:AAG:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
4:139295145:AG:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
4:139295147:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
4:139301829:TTGGT:Tdonor_loss1.0000
4:139301830:TGG:Tdonor_loss1.0000
4:139301831:GGT:Gdonor_loss1.0000
4:139301832:G:GAdonor_loss1.0000
4:139301832:G:GGdonor_gain1.0000
4:139268667:TTTA:Tdonor_loss0.9900
4:139268668:TTACC:Tdonor_loss0.9900

AlphaMissense

471 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
4:139295051:A:GW55R0.973
4:139295051:A:TW55R0.973
4:139295069:C:GG49R0.969
4:139295127:G:CF29L0.959
4:139295127:G:TF29L0.959
4:139295129:A:GF29L0.959
4:139295068:C:TG49D0.951
4:139295059:A:TV52D0.940
4:139295093:A:GW41R0.904
4:139295093:A:TW41R0.904
4:139295080:C:TG45E0.893
4:139295081:C:GG45R0.893
4:139295081:C:TG45R0.893
4:139295091:C:AW41C0.886
4:139295091:C:GW41C0.886
4:139292575:T:GY69S0.885
4:139292608:A:GL58P0.867
4:139292565:T:AR72S0.862
4:139292565:T:GR72S0.862
4:139292572:T:AK70I0.862
4:139295049:C:AW55C0.862
4:139295049:C:GW55C0.862
4:139292576:A:GY69H0.855
4:139292576:A:CY69D0.844
4:139292579:C:TE68K0.821
4:139292596:T:GH62P0.807
4:139292577:C:AE68D0.791
4:139292577:C:GE68D0.791
4:139292575:T:CY69C0.789
4:139295083:A:TV44D0.780

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000108485 (4:139294808 T>A,C), RS1000124112 (4:139304103 A>G), RS10003164 (4:139296482 C>T), RS1000410436 (4:139302930 T>C), RS1000449463 (4:139301439 A>G), RS1000621992 (4:139290895 G>C), RS1000903599 (4:139296962 C>G,T), RS1000976249 (4:139290740 C>A,T), RS1001512985 (4:139291880 A>G), RS1001554956 (4:139298296 G>A), RS1001683099 (4:139301764 G>A,T), RS1001943175 (4:139303460 A>C,G), RS1002085387 (4:139294048 T>G), RS1002113010 (4:139298075 A>G), RS1002139251 (4:139293767 C>G,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:603844 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL2363065 (PROTEIN COMPLEX)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

ChEMBL bioactivities

8 potent at pChembl≥5 of 18 total, top 8 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChemblTypeValueUnitMolecule
6.06IC50870nMR-(+)-MARMIN-6’-UNDECANOATE
6.04IC50920nMR-(+)-MARMIN-6’-LINOLEATE
5.63IC502350nMR-(+)-MARMIN-6’-LINOLEATE
5.51IC503080nMR-(+)-MARMIN-6’-OCTANOATE
5.43IC503670nMR-(+)-MARMIN-6’-UNDECANOATE
5.43IC503710nMR-(+)-MARMIN-6’-OCTANOATE
5.31IC504900nM(+)-9’-ISOVALEROXYLARICIRESINOL
5.04IC509100nM(+)-9’-ISOVALEROXYLARICIRESINOL

PubChem BioAssay actives

8 with measured affinity, of 28 total; 4 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

CompoundAssayTypeValueUnit
[(E,3R)-2-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-8-(2-oxochromen-7-yl)oxyoct-6-en-3-yl] undecanoate739270: Inhibition of mitochondrial ETC complex 1 in human T47D cells assessed as inhibition of 1% O2-induced HIF1 activation incubated for 30 mins prior to 1% O2-challenge measured after 16 hrs by luciferase reporter assayic500.8700uM
[(E,3R)-2-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-8-(2-oxochromen-7-yl)oxyoct-6-en-3-yl] (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoate739270: Inhibition of mitochondrial ETC complex 1 in human T47D cells assessed as inhibition of 1% O2-induced HIF1 activation incubated for 30 mins prior to 1% O2-challenge measured after 16 hrs by luciferase reporter assayic500.9200uM
[(E,3R)-2-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-8-(2-oxochromen-7-yl)oxyoct-6-en-3-yl] octanoate739270: Inhibition of mitochondrial ETC complex 1 in human T47D cells assessed as inhibition of 1% O2-induced HIF1 activation incubated for 30 mins prior to 1% O2-challenge measured after 16 hrs by luciferase reporter assayic503.0800uM
[(2S,3R,4R)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-3-yl]methyl 3-methylbutanoate739269: Inhibition of mitochondrial ETC complex 1 in human T47D cells assessed as inhibition of 1,10-phenanthroline-induced HIF1 activation incubated for 30 mins prior to 1,10-phenanthroline-challenge measured after 16 hrs by luciferase reporter assayic504.9000uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

40 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
bisphenol Aaffects expression, decreases expression, increases expression3
Acetaminophendecreases expression, affects cotreatment2
Air Pollutantsincreases expression, affects expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance2
Ozoneaffects cotreatment, increases expression, increases abundance, affects expression2
alpha-pineneaffects cotreatment, increases expression, increases abundance1
sodium arseniteincreases expression1
ochratoxin Aincreases expression1
methacrylaldehydeaffects cotreatment, increases expression, increases abundance1
perfluorooctane sulfonic aciddecreases expression1
CGP 52608affects binding, increases reaction1
corosolic aciddecreases expression1
K 7174decreases expression1
nutlin 3affects cotreatment, increases expression1
Acroleinaffects cotreatment, increases expression, increases abundance1
Vehicle Emissionsincreases expression, increases abundance1
Camptothecinincreases expression1
Carmustinedecreases expression1
Dactinomycinaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Dietary Carbohydratesincreases expression1
Doxorubicinincreases expression1
Estradioldecreases expression1
Fluorouracilaffects expression1
Lipopolysaccharidesaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Nickeldecreases expression1
Niclosamideincreases expression1
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxindecreases expression1
Tretinoinincreases expression1
Tunicamycindecreases expression1
Urethanedecreases expression1
Valproic Acidincreases expression1

ChEMBL screening assays

4 unique, capped per target: 4 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay IDTypeDescriptionSource paper
CHEMBL2353025BindingInhibition of mitochondrial ETC complex 1 in human T47D cells assessed as inhibition of 1% O2-induced HIF1 activation at 30 uM incubated for 30 mins prior to 1% O2-challenge measured after 16 hrs by luciferase reporter assaySemisynthetic studies identify mitochondria poisons from botanical dietary supplements–geranyloxycoumarins from Aegle marmelos. — Bioorg Med Chem

Cellosaurus cell lines

1 cell lines: 1 transformed cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_B3C5Abcam HEK293T NDUFC1 KOTransformed cell lineFemale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.