NFATC1

Summary

NFATC1 (nuclear factor of activated T cells 1, HGNC:7775) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 18q23, encoding Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (O95644). Plays a role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T-cells, especially in the induction of the IL-2 or IL-4 gene transcription.

The product of this gene is a component of the nuclear factor of activated T cells DNA-binding transcription complex. This complex consists of at least two components: a preexisting cytosolic component that translocates to the nucleus upon T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, and an inducible nuclear component. Proteins belonging to this family of transcription factors play a central role in inducible gene transcription during immune response. The product of this gene is an inducible nuclear component. It functions as a major molecular target for the immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporin A. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. Different isoforms of this protein may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes.

Source: NCBI Gene 4772 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): inborn error of immunity (Moderate, GenCC) — +1 more curated relationship
• GWAS associations: 59 (top 1% of genes corpus-wide)
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 399 total — 2 pathogenic (top 8% of genes corpus-wide)
• GTEx eGene: eQTL in 23 tissues, sQTL in 7 (q < 0.05)
• Constraint (gnomAD): pLI 1.00 (loss-of-function intolerant), LOEUF 0.46 (moderately constrained)
• Transcription factor: yes — 131 downstream targets (CollecTRI)
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001278669
• Interaction hub: 2,546 STRING partners (top 4% of genes corpus-wide)
• Notable: 399 clinical variants but no curated precision-oncology (CIViC) evidence yet

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:7775
Approved symbol	NFATC1
Name	nuclear factor of activated T cells 1
Location	18q23
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	NF-ATC, NFATc, NFAT2
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000131196
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	600489
Entrez	4772

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 19 — 12 protein_coding, 4 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 retained_intron, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

MANE Select: ENST00000427363

Transcript support level (Ensembl TSL; 1 = fully mRNA-supported): TSL 1: 11, TSL 2: 4, TSL 3: 3

ENST00000427363, ENST00000253506, ENST00000318065, ENST00000329101, ENST00000397790, ENST00000542384, ENST00000545796, ENST00000586434, ENST00000586695, ENST00000587635, ENST00000590172, ENST00000590224, ENST00000590313, ENST00000590861, ENST00000591065, ENST00000591089, ENST00000591814, ENST00000592223, ENST00001131627

RefSeq mRNA: 10 — MANE Select: NM_001278669 NM_001278669, NM_001278670, NM_001278672, NM_001278673, NM_001278675, NM_006162, NM_172387, NM_172388, NM_172389, NM_172390

CCDS: CCDS12015, CCDS12016, CCDS32850, CCDS59326, CCDS59327, CCDS62467, CCDS62468, CCDS62469, CCDS62470, CCDS62471

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000427363 — 10 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00002244819	79410403	79411501
ENSE00003501017	79486248	79486937
ENSE00003528490	79451676	79451816
ENSE00003540654	79433579	79433738
ENSE00003555962	79461311	79461366
ENSE00003591555	79448782	79448984
ENSE00003671704	79467450	79467582
ENSE00003689358	79450954	79451126
ENSE00003906826	79527528	79529323
ENSE00003907537	79395930	79396351

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 252 present calls, max score 92.69.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 16.8498 / max 594.9656, expressed in 1668 samples.

Highest expression (Bgee): oocyte, hindlimb stylopod muscle, secondary oocyte, skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis, triceps brachii.

Genetic regulation across tissues (GTEx eQTL / sQTL)

NFATC1 is an eGene in GTEx v10 — its expression is genetically regulated (eQTL) in 23 tissues and its splicing (sQTL) in 7 (q < 0.05). Strongest associations first; slope = normalized effect of the lead variant’s alternative allele.

showing 20 of 30 significant tissue × QTL associations:

Tissue	QTL	q-value	Slope	Lead variant
Muscle Skeletal	eqtl	7.5e-52	-0.36	18:79400235:A:C
Heart Left Ventricle	eqtl	5.5e-11	-0.27	18:79400235:A:C
Stomach	eqtl	3.1e-09	+0.26	18:79400367:C:CGCCCCG
Whole Blood	eqtl	9.4e-09	-0.13	18:79400235:A:C
Adrenal Gland	eqtl	2.2e-07	+1.21	18:79401324:G:A
Pancreas	eqtl	6.0e-07	-0.34	18:79400235:A:C
Adipose Subcutaneous	eqtl	6.2e-07	-0.20	18:79400235:A:C
Muscle Skeletal	sqtl	1.5e-06	+0.30	18:79400235:A:C
Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes	sqtl	3.5e-06	-0.70	18:79461095:T:G
Liver	eqtl	7.0e-06	-0.50	18:79397846:T:C
Testis	eqtl	5.1e-05	-0.27	18:79404056:G:A
Cells Cultured fibroblasts	eqtl	1.7e-04	+0.17	18:79461539:A:G
Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic	eqtl	2.5e-04	+0.15	18:79400367:C:CGCCCCG
Testis	sqtl	2.5e-04	-0.42	18:79504442:C:T
Brain Caudate basal ganglia	eqtl	7.6e-04	+0.14	18:79545852:A:G
Thyroid	eqtl	8.8e-04	-0.35	18:79479775:G:A
Breast Mammary Tissue	eqtl	2.3e-03	-0.19	18:79400235:A:C
Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg	eqtl	2.4e-03	+0.15	18:79400367:C:CGCCCCG
Spleen	sqtl	3.3e-03	+0.62	18:79461094:C:T
Brain Putamen basal ganglia	sqtl	3.3e-03	+0.51	18:78398154:C:A

FANTOM5 promoters

3 alternative TSS:

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
170902	9.3589	1230
170904	7.2027	1556
170903	0.2882	126

Top tissues by expression

showing 100 of 280 tissues by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
oocyte	CL:0000023	92.69	gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	92.40	gold quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	92.39	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis	UBERON:0004511	92.08	gold quality
triceps brachii	UBERON:0001509	91.62	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	90.59	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii	UBERON:0004502	90.51	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	90.45	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	90.11	gold quality
muscle organ	UBERON:0001630	90.08	gold quality
gluteal muscle	UBERON:0002000	89.73	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	89.56	gold quality
vastus lateralis	UBERON:0001379	89.30	gold quality
periodontal ligament	UBERON:0008266	89.15	gold quality
biceps brachii	UBERON:0001507	89.08	gold quality
tendon of biceps brachii	UBERON:0008188	89.02	gold quality
quadriceps femoris	UBERON:0001377	88.81	gold quality
deltoid	UBERON:0001476	87.63	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	87.26	gold quality
muscle tissue	UBERON:0002385	87.13	gold quality
hair follicle	UBERON:0002073	87.10	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	86.76	gold quality
sperm	CL:0000019	86.51	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	86.46	gold quality
tibia	UBERON:0000979	86.15	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	85.82	gold quality
male germ cell	CL:0000015	85.32	gold quality
synovial joint	UBERON:0002217	85.32	gold quality
tibialis anterior	UBERON:0001385	85.15	silver quality
parietal pleura	UBERON:0002400	84.81	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	84.68	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	84.48	gold quality
pleura	UBERON:0000977	84.47	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	84.46	gold quality
layer of synovial tissue	UBERON:0007616	84.40	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	84.19	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	84.19	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	84.15	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	84.06	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	84.03	gold quality
parotid gland	UBERON:0001831	83.95	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	83.94	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	83.83	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	83.78	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	83.77	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	83.59	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	83.57	gold quality
visceral pleura	UBERON:0002401	83.57	gold quality
mononuclear cell	CL:0000842	83.41	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	83.21	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	83.14	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	83.05	gold quality
tendon	UBERON:0000043	83.04	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	82.90	gold quality
diaphragm	UBERON:0001103	82.76	silver quality
cardiac atrium	UBERON:0002081	82.71	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	82.64	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	82.55	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	81.94	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	81.91	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	81.88	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	81.84	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	81.82	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	81.77	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	81.70	gold quality
cardiac ventricle	UBERON:0002082	81.63	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	81.59	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	81.55	gold quality
upper lobe of lung	UBERON:0008948	81.35	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	81.22	gold quality
coronary artery	UBERON:0001621	81.07	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	81.06	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	80.98	gold quality
adipose tissue	UBERON:0001013	80.95	gold quality
connective tissue	UBERON:0002384	80.92	gold quality
zone of skin	UBERON:0000014	80.88	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	80.78	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	80.67	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	80.63	gold quality
metanephric glomerulus	UBERON:0004736	80.56	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	80.43	gold quality
cartilage tissue	UBERON:0002418	80.39	gold quality
renal glomerulus	UBERON:0000074	80.01	gold quality
superficial temporal artery	UBERON:0001614	79.90	gold quality
bronchial epithelial cell	CL:0002328	79.05	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	78.90	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	78.87	gold quality
caecum	UBERON:0001153	78.78	gold quality
small intestine	UBERON:0002108	78.71	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	78.56	gold quality
trabecular bone tissue	UBERON:0002483	78.42	gold quality
epithelium of bronchus	UBERON:0002031	78.27	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	78.19	gold quality
skin of hip	UBERON:0001554	78.12	gold quality
bronchus	UBERON:0002185	77.93	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	77.83	gold quality
sigmoid colon	UBERON:0001159	77.64	gold quality
lung	UBERON:0002048	77.47	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	77.28	gold quality
cauda epididymis	UBERON:0004360	77.26	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 4 experiment(s), a significant marker in 4.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-7008	yes	188.32
E-CURD-112	yes	14.85
E-GEOD-135922	yes	9.71
E-ANND-3	yes	6.82

HPA expression

RNA tissue specificity: Tissue enhanced

showing 60 of 76 HPA tissues / cells by nTPM:

Tissue / cell	Axis	nTPM	Protein (IHC)
Choroid plexus	tissue	57.4
Skeletal muscle	tissue	26.1	not detected
Lymph node	tissue	19.8	high
Tonsil	tissue	12.7	high
Spleen	tissue	12.1	low
Appendix	tissue	11.0	high
Spinal cord	tissue	10.3
Olfactory bulb	tissue	9.7
Gallbladder	tissue	9.4	not detected
Adipose tissue	tissue	8.7	not detected
Tongue	tissue	8.7
Periaqueductal gray	tissue	8.6
Locus coeruleus	tissue	8.4
Hippocampus	tissue	7.9	not detected
Thymus	tissue	7.8
Hypothalamus	tissue	7.5
Substantia nigra	tissue	7.4
Heart muscle	tissue	6.8	not detected
Pancreas	tissue	6.6	not detected
Nucleus accumbens	tissue	6.5
Medulla oblongata	tissue	6.2
Lung	tissue	6.0	not detected
Corpus callosum	tissue	6.0
Septum	tissue	6.0
Urinary bladder	tissue	5.9	not detected
Pons	tissue	5.6
Vagina	tissue	5.6	not detected
Midbrain	tissue	5.4
Basal ganglia	tissue	5.3	not detected
Thalamus	tissue	5.3
Putamen	tissue	5.2
Superior colliculi	tissue	5.1
Stomach 1	tissue	5.0	not detected
Hippocampal formation	tissue	4.8
Ventral forebrain	tissue	4.7
Testis	tissue	4.5	not detected
Amygdala	tissue	4.3
Skin 1	tissue	4.2	not detected
Ovary	tissue	3.8	not detected
Parathyroid gland	tissue	3.8	not detected
Placenta	tissue	3.8	not detected
Cerebral cortex	tissue	3.7	not detected
Bone marrow	tissue	3.7	medium
Insular cortex	tissue	3.7
Breast	tissue	3.6	not detected
Endometrium 1	tissue	3.6	not detected
Fallopian tube	tissue	3.4	not detected
Pituitary gland	tissue	3.3
Motor cortex	tissue	3.3
Entorhinal cortex	tissue	3.3
Prefrontal cortex	tissue	3.2
Postcentral gyrus	tissue	3.1
Retrosplenial cortex	tissue	3.1
Smooth muscle	tissue	3.0	not detected
Retrosplenial and cingulate cortex	tissue	3.0
Temporal cortex	tissue	3.0
Duodenum	tissue	2.9	not detected
Caudate putamen	tissue	2.9
Esophagus	tissue	2.8	not detected
Cervix	tissue	2.7	not detected

Brain sub-regions (HPA Brain Atlas): detected in 189; highest nTPM — Nucleus gracilis (17.1), Area postrema (16.4), Cervical spinal cord, central gray (15.3), Nucleus tractus solitarii (14.8), Periaquaductal grey, lateral (14.8).

Regulation

Is transcription factor: yes

Downstream targets (CollecTRI)

showing 30 of 131 targets:

Target	Regulation
ACHE
ACP5
ADAM2
AKT1
AQP2
ATP6V0D2
ATP6V1B2
B3GAT3	Repression
BCL2
BGLAP	Repression
BMP7	Activation
CALCR
CCNA2	Activation
CCND1	Unknown
CCR9
CD3G	Activation
CD40
CD5
CDH1
CDKN1B
CIITA
CKM
COL1A1	Activation
CORT
CSF2	Activation
CTSK	Activation
CX3CR1
CYP2E1	Activation
DCSTAMP
DIO2

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): CREM, FOS, FOXP3, HEY1, KLF15, LMO2, MAFB, NFATC1, NFATC2, NFKB, PPARG, PRDM2, RARA, RBPJ, RELA, SP1, STAT6

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

Targeting NFATC1 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific).

14 miRNAs:

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4262	100.00	73.26	3931
HSA-MIR-1468-3P	99.96	72.74	3797
HSA-MIR-10527-5P	99.91	72.28	3754
HSA-MIR-548E-5P	99.89	72.73	4486
HSA-MIR-646	99.68	67.84	1645
HSA-MIR-4328	99.57	71.06	4094
HSA-MIR-4687-3P	99.48	66.41	968
HSA-MIR-6081	99.48	66.07	1446
HSA-MIR-499A-3P	99.18	69.20	1392
HSA-MIR-499B-3P	99.18	69.27	1391
HSA-MIR-6830-5P	99.01	68.73	1884
HSA-MIR-3124-3P	98.87	68.95	2123
HSA-MIR-3127-5P	97.52	65.24	786
HSA-MIR-6894-3P	96.73	65.64	798

Functional genomics

gnomAD constraint: pLI 0.998, LOEUF 0.461, missense Z -0.497 — population loss-of-function intolerance (pLI ≥ 0.9 = LoF-intolerant; lower LOEUF = more constrained). gnomAD

Regional missense constraint (gnomAD)

ENST00000427363 splits into 3 regions with different missense tolerance; 0 are missense-constrained. Missense variants in a constrained region (low observed/expected) are more likely to be pathogenic. gnomAD

Region (GRCh38)	Missense obs / exp	o/e	Constrained
18:79,396,225–79,433,657	691 / 613.1	1.13	no
18:79,433,658–79,467,486	242 / 329.2	0.74	no
18:79,467,487–79,527,574	424 / 395.4	1.07	no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• selective expression in basophils suggests involvement in IgE-mediated IL-4 production in these cells (PMID:11897999)
• C-terminal one third of DNA binding domain confers different binding specificity of NFATc and NFATp to an NFAT site in the TNF-alpha promoters (PMID:11911478)
• role of PKCzeta in T cells through the control of NFAT function by modulating the activity of its transactivation domain (PMID:12021260)
• opposition of calcineurin-mediated nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activity by glycogen synthase kinase 3 (PMID:12351631)
• selection of RNA inhibitors to study NFATc function (PMID:12408978)
• mediates vascular endothelial growth factor-induced proliferation of human pulmonary valve endothelial cells (PMID:12427739)
• NFATc1 with AP-3 site binding specificity has a role in mediating gene expression of prostate-specific-membrane-antigen (PMID:12850144)
• NFAT2 has a role in regulating IL13 gene transcription in mast cells (PMID:15229217)
• RANKL-induced cathepsin K gene expression is cooperatively regulated by the combination of the transcription factors and p38 MAP kinase in a gradual manner. (PMID:15304486)
• Interleukin (IL)-15 and IL-2 reciprocally regulate expression of the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 through selective NFAT1- and NFAT2-dependent mechanisms (PMID:15347678)
• association of nuclear factor-kappaB and NFAT with its enhancer region is dependent on activation of the HIV-1 clade E long terminal repeat, which is inhibited by T-cell activation (PMID:15466412)
• PC1 signaling elevates intracellular Ca(2+), activates Galpha(q) and PLC, which then activates calcineurin and NFAT (PMID:15466861)
• Expression of NFATc1 and NFATc2 wild type protein or the active catalytic subunit of calcineurin transactivates COX-2 promoter activity, whereas a dominant negative mutant of NFAT inhibited COX-2 induction in colon carcinoma cell lines. (PMID:15632146)
• analysis of a positive feedback circuit of TRANCE-induced activation of NFATc1, involving NFATc1-mediated OSCAR expression and its subsequent activation of NFATc1, necessary for efficient differentiation of osteoclasts (PMID:16109714)
• the MCP-1-induced TRAP(+)/CTR(+) multinuclear cells represent an arrested stage in osteoclast differentiation, after NFATc1 induction and cellular fusion but prior to the development of bone resorption activity (PMID:16280328)
• the beta3 integrin gene is the direct target of NFAT1 in osteoclast formation (PMID:16340127)
• Unstimulated adult skeletal muscle fibers exhibit a previously unanticipated nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of NFATc1 without appreciable nuclear accumulation. (PMID:16436503)
• These results establish the beta3 gene as a direct target of NFATc1 in RANKL-dependent osteoclast formation. (PMID:16513293)
• Tacrolimus or cyclosporine A act on human osteoclast precursors in rheumatoid arthritis patients by targeting the calcineurin-dependent NFAT pathway and activation pathway for c-Jun or MITF. (PMID:16586042)
• Together, these results demonstrate that ectopic activation of NFATc1 and the Ca2+/calcineurin signaling pathway is an important mechanism of oncogenic c-myc activation in pancreatic cancer. (PMID:16874304)
• NFAT1, a transcription factor connected with breast cancer metastasis, is activated by Wnt-5a through a Ca2+ signaling pathway in human breast epithelial cells which was simultaneously counteracted by a Wnt-5a-induced Yes/Cdc42 signaling pathway. (PMID:16880514)
• Expression of NFATc1/alphaA, the most prominent of six NFATc1 isoforms in peripheral T cells, is strongly induced following T-cell receptor and co-receptor stimulation and maintained by positive autoregulation, as discussed in this review. (PMID:16931157)
• In Wiskott-Aldrich CD8+ T cells, a block in cytokine production correlates with reduced nuclear levels of both NFAT-1 and NFAT-2. (PMID:17082665)
• AMPK mediates IL-2 production by regulating NF-AT and AP-1activation during T cell stimulation. (PMID:17097050)
• role in congenital heart disease (PMID:17110989)
• Endothelin 1 (ET-1) activates calcineurin and causes nuclear translocation of NFATc1, implicating the pathway in the ET-1-mediated stimulation of osteoblasts. (PMID:17237284)
• The expression pattern of NFAT and its family member- and lineage-specific regulation during myeloid differentiation will prompt further studies on the role of NFAT in myeloid cells, particularly in megakaryocytes. (PMID:17577925)
• Our results provide evidence that NFAT2 is constitutively expressed in human neutrophils, and after IgE-dependent activation operates as a transcription factor in the modulation of genes, such as COX2, during allergic inflammation. (PMID:17606988)
• DSCR1 gene is a direct transcriptional target of NFATc1 proteins within the endocardium during a critical window of heart valve formation. (PMID:17693409)
• the concerted action of the transcription factors Egr1 and NFAT2 can play a crucial role in regulation of the T cell differentiation in vitro due to the cooperative regulation of Id3 and Rag2 gene expression. (PMID:17922653)
• The promoter/enhancer activity of the NFAT-binding site in the TNF-alpha gene was up-regulated by NFATc2 but not by NFATc1, whereas both NFATs associated similarly with this region. (PMID:18097033)
• histone modifications precede the DNA methylation in NFATC1 promoter silencing (PMID:18156209)
• These data provide evidence that NFATc1, in concert with PU.1, are involved in regulation of beta(3) integrin expression during osteoclast differentiation. (PMID:18288635)
• Report nucleo-translocation/activation of NFAT2 in lamina propria mononuclear cells in ulcerative colitis. (PMID:18350607)
• The crystal structure of NFATC1 bound to the HIV-1 LTR tandem kappaB enhancer element is described. (PMID:18462673)
• the cyclin A-CDK2 complex may be a potential effector of NFATs, specifically NFATc1, in mediating SMC multiplication leading to neointima formation. (PMID:18667424)
• these data suggest that the proinflammatory, antiapoptotic, and procarcinogenic functions of UV-activated COX-2 may be mediated, in part, by upstream NFAT signaling. (PMID:18708588)
• cyclic AMP signals enhance histone H3 acetylation at the IL-5 promoter and the concerted binding of GATA-3 and NFATc to the promoter. (PMID:18772129)
• The presence of NFATc1 and Osx in our material lends further support to the hypothesis that during the process of aortic valve calcification there is expression of osteoblastic phenotypes by valvular cells (PMID:19019468)
• These findings may provide a better understanding of the NFATc1 regulation of ADAMTS9 expression induced by inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 beta. (PMID:19052845)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	nfatc1	ENSDARG00000036168
mus_musculus	Nfatc1	ENSMUSG00000033016
rattus_norvegicus	Nfatc1	ENSRNOG00000017146

Paralogs (4): NFATC3 (ENSG00000072736), NFATC4 (ENSG00000100968), NFATC2 (ENSG00000101096), NFAT5 (ENSG00000102908)

Mouse-model phenotypes

Observed phenotypes of the mouse ortholog (MGI:102469) from MGI (Alliance of Genome Resources) — knockout/mutant phenotypes, ranked by annotation count. 78 distinct phenotype terms.

Mouse phenotype (MP)	Records
edema	2
abnormal B cell physiology	2
increased IgM level	2
abnormal semilunar valve morphology	2
decreased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis	2
abnormal cardiac outflow tract development	2
decreased IgG3 level	2
lethality throughout fetal growth and development, complete penetrance	2
osteopetrosis	1
abnormal heart morphology	1
abnormal interventricular septum morphology	1
decreased atrioventricular cushion size	1
gastrointestinal hemorrhage	1
abnormal lymphocyte cell number	1
abnormal locomotor behavior	1
abnormal cardiovascular system physiology	1
anemia	1
cardiac hypertrophy	1
abnormal immune system physiology	1
decreased IgM level	1
abnormal blood circulation	1
abnormal T cell physiology	1
decreased immunoglobulin level	1
increased immunoglobulin level	1
abnormal immunoglobulin level	1

+53 more (showing top 25).

Additional cross-species homologs

Sequence homologs in species beyond Ensembl Compara’s model organisms, by Diamond local protein alignment (% sequence identity; best hit per species). Lower-identity rows are more distant homologs. The matched accessions’ gene symbols aren’t in biobtree yet, so each row shows the UniProt accession.

Organism	UniProt	Identity	Method
Sus scrofa	O77638	85.7%	Diamond
Bos taurus	P98201	85.2%	Diamond

Genomic neighbors (locus context)

Genes flanking this one on the chromosome (NCBI/Entrez gene neighborhood). Positional context only — some neighbors share regulatory elements (bidirectional promoters, antisense/overlapping transcripts), but chromosomal adjacency is not itself a functional relationship (see Interactions for that).

Symbol	Type	Entrez
KCNG2	protein-coding	26251
CTDP1-DT	ncRNA	284241
CTDP1	protein-coding	9150
ATP9B	protein-coding	374868
SALL3	protein-coding	27164

Protein

Protein identifiers

Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 — O95644 (reviewed: O95644)

Alternative names: NFAT transcription complex cytosolic component

All UniProt accessions (4): F5H4S8, K7EQ04, K7ER53, O95644

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Plays a role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T-cells, especially in the induction of the IL-2 or IL-4 gene transcription. Also controls gene expression in embryonic cardiac cells. Could regulate not only the activation and proliferation but also the differentiation and programmed death of T-lymphocytes as well as lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells. Required for osteoclastogenesis and regulates many genes important for osteoclast differentiation and function.

Subunit / interactions. Member of the multicomponent NFATC transcription complex that consists of at least two components, a pre-existing cytoplasmic component NFATC2 and an inducible nuclear component NFATC1. Other members such as NFATC4, NFATC3 or members of the activating protein-1 family, MAF, GATA4 and Cbp/p300 can also bind the complex. NFATC proteins bind to DNA as monomers. Interacts with HOMER2 and HOMER3; this interaction may compete with calcineurin/PPP3CA-binding and hence prevent NFATC1 dephosphorylation and activation. Interacts with TLE6/GRG6.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in thymus, peripheral leukocytes as T-cells and spleen. Isoforms A are preferentially expressed in effector T-cells (thymus and peripheral leukocytes) whereas isoforms B and isoforms C are preferentially expressed in naive T-cells (spleen). Isoforms B are expressed in naive T-cells after first antigen exposure and isoforms A are expressed in effector T-cells after second antigen exposure. Isoforms IA are widely expressed but not detected in liver nor pancreas, neural expression is strongest in corpus callosum. Isoforms IB are expressed mostly in muscle, cerebellum, placenta and thymus, neural expression in fetal and adult brain, strongest in corpus callosum.

Post-translational modifications. Phosphorylated by NFATC-kinase and GSK3B; phosphorylation induces NFATC1 nuclear exit and dephosphorylation by calcineurin promotes nuclear import. Phosphorylation by PKA and DYRK2 negatively modulates nuclear accumulation, and promotes subsequent phosphorylation by GSK3B or casein kinase 1.

Domain organisation. Rel Similarity Domain (RSD) allows DNA-binding and cooperative interactions with AP1 factors. The N-terminal transactivation domain (TAD-A) binds to and is activated by Cbp/p300. The dephosphorylated form contains two unmasked nuclear localization signals (NLS), which allow translocation of the protein to the nucleus. Isoforms C have a C-terminal part with an additional transactivation domain, TAD-B, which acts as a transcriptional activator. Isoforms B have a shorter C-terminal part without complete TAD-B which acts as a transcriptional repressor.

Induction. Only isoforms A are inducibly expressed in T lymphocytes upon activation of the T-cell receptor (TCR) complex. Induced after co-addition of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. Also induced after co-addition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and ionomycin. Weakly induced with PMA, ionomycin and cyclosporin A.

Miscellaneous. Produced by alternative initiation at Met-37 of isoform A-alpha.

Isoforms (10)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
O95644-1	C-alpha	yes
O95644-2	A-alpha, IA-VIII
O95644-3	A-beta, IB-VIII
O95644-4	B-alpha, IA-IXS
O95644-5	B-beta, IB-IXS
O95644-6	C-beta, IB-IXL
O95644-8	A-alpha'
O95644-10	IA-deltaIX
O95644-11	IB-deltaIX
O95644-17	10

RefSeq proteins (10): NP_001265598, NP_001265599, NP_001265601, NP_001265602, NP_001265604, NP_006153, NP_765975, NP_765976, NP_765977, NP_765978 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002909	IPT_dom	Domain
IPR008366	NFAT	Family
IPR008967	p53-like_TF_DNA-bd_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR011539	RHD_DNA_bind_dom	Domain
IPR013783	Ig-like_fold	Homologous_superfamily
IPR014756	Ig_E-set	Homologous_superfamily
IPR032397	RHD_dimer	Domain
IPR037059	RHD_DNA_bind_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00554, PF16179

UniProt features (57 total): strand 13, region of interest 7, splice variant 7, modified residue 5, short sequence motif 4, compositionally biased region 4, repeat 3, sequence variant 3, mutagenesis site 3, sequence conflict 2, helix 2, chain 1, domain 1, DNA-binding region 1, turn 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

3 structures by resolution:

PDB	Title	Method	Resolution (Å)
5SVE	Structure of Calcineurin in complex with NFATc1 LxVP peptide	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.6
1A66	SOLUTION NMR STRUCTURE OF THE CORE NFATC1/DNA COMPLEX, 18 STRUCTURES	SOLUTION NMR
1NFA	HUMAN TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NFATC DNA BINDING DOMAIN, NMR, 10 STRUCTURES	SOLUTION NMR

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-O95644-F1	57.66	0.24

Human Protein Atlas

Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins, Transcription factors, Immunoglobulin fold

Protein evidence: Evidence at protein level

Subcellular location (HPA, imaging): nuclear bodies; nucleoplasm

Antibody reliability (HPA): IH enhanced · IF supported

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (5)

Type	Positions
Phosphoserine	233, 237, 245, 269, 294

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (3)

Position	Phenotype
169	no effect on subcellular localization.
172	partial nuclear translocation.
187	no effect on subcellular localization.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

3 curated (TAS) of 16; 0 disease pathways. Curated-first; evidence = TAS (manually curated) vs IEA (electronic inference).

16 pathways:

ID	Pathway	Evidence
R-HSA-5607763	CLEC7A (Dectin-1) induces NFAT activation	curated
R-HSA-4086398	Ca2+ pathway	curated
R-HSA-2871809	FCERI mediated Ca+2 mobilization	curated
R-HSA-1280218	Adaptive Immune System	—
R-HSA-3858494	Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling	—
R-HSA-5621481	C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)	—
R-HSA-5607764	CLEC7A (Dectin-1) signaling	—
R-HSA-2025928	Calcineurin activates NFAT	electronic
R-HSA-9942503	Differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells to T helper 1 cells (Th1 cells)	electronic
R-HSA-1168372	Downstream signaling events of B Cell Receptor (BCR)	—
R-HSA-2454202	Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signaling	—
R-HSA-168256	Immune System	—
R-HSA-168249	Innate Immune System	—
R-HSA-162582	Signal Transduction	—
R-HSA-195721	Signaling by WNT	—
R-HSA-983705	Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR)	—

MSigDB gene sets: 361 (showing top): PID_BCR_5PATHWAY, MODULE_97, MULLIGHAN_NPM1_SIGNATURE_3_UP, BIOCARTA_FMLP_PATHWAY, REACTOME_INNATE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, REACTOME_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_MUSCLE_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_SMOOTH_MUSCLE_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, PEREZ_TP63_TARGETS, GOBP_SMOOTH_MUSCLE_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_DN, PID_NFAT_3PATHWAY, MODULE_182, GOBP_VASCULAR_ASSOCIATED_SMOOTH_MUSCLE_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION

GO Biological Process (11): aortic valve morphogenesis (GO:0003180), pulmonary valve morphogenesis (GO:0003184), DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006351), negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0030178), calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade (GO:0033173), intracellular signal transduction (GO:0035556), positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893), positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944), negative regulation of inflammatory response (GO:0050728), negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation (GO:1905064), regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355)

GO Molecular Function (11): RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978), DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981), DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001228), DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700), FK506 binding (GO:0005528), protein phosphatase 2B binding (GO:0030346), mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 binding (GO:0048273), RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0061629), sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding (GO:1990837), DNA binding (GO:0003677), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (7): chromatin (GO:0000785), nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), transcription regulator complex (GO:0005667), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytosol (GO:0005829), nuclear body (GO:0016604)

Reactome top-level categories

12 top-level categories:

Category	Pathways
Immune System	2
Innate Immune System	2
Downstream signaling events of B Cell Receptor (BCR)	1
Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signaling	1
Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling	1
CLEC7A (Dectin-1) signaling	1
Differentiation of T cells	1
Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR)	1
Signal Transduction	1
Signaling by WNT	1
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)	1
Adaptive Immune System	1

GO top-level categories

51 GO namespaces:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	4
RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	3
heart valve morphogenesis	2
intracellular anatomical structure	2
DNA-templated transcription	2
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	2
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	2
aortic valve development	1
pulmonary valve development	1
gene expression	1
RNA biosynthetic process	1
negative regulation of signal transduction	1
Wnt signaling pathway	1
regulation of Wnt signaling pathway	1
calcineurin-mediated signaling	1
signal transduction	1
positive regulation of RNA biosynthetic process	1
transcription by RNA polymerase II	1
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	1
inflammatory response	1
negative regulation of defense response	1
negative regulation of response to external stimulus	1
regulation of inflammatory response	1
vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation	1
negative regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation	1
regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation	1
regulation of gene expression	1
regulation of RNA biosynthetic process	1
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	1
chromatin	1
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	1
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	1
DNA-binding transcription activator activity	1
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	1
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	1
transcription regulator activity	1
macrolide binding	1
protein phosphatase binding	1
mitogen-activated protein kinase binding	1
DNA-binding transcription factor binding	1
double-stranded DNA binding	1
sequence-specific DNA binding	1
nucleic acid binding	1
binding	1
chromosome	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
nuclear lumen	1
protein-containing complex	1
cytoplasm	1
nucleoplasm	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1

Experimentally-supported GO annotations

GO terms backed by direct experimental evidence (ECO experimental codes) — 12 of 29 annotations. The rest are phylogenetic / computational / electronic (IEA).

12 experimentally-supported GO terms:

GO term	NS	Evidence
calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade	BP	direct assay
intracellular signal transduction	BP	direct assay
negative regulation of inflammatory response	BP	direct assay
negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation	BP	direct assay
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	BP	direct assay
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	BP	direct assay
chromatin	CC	direct assay
nuclear body	CC	direct assay
nucleoplasm	CC	direct assay
nucleus	CC	direct assay
protein phosphatase 2B binding	MF	physical interaction
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	MF	direct assay

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

showing 15 of 2,546 interactions by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
NFATC1	TNFSF11	O14788	941
NFATC1	ACP5	P13686	936
NFATC1	DCSTAMP	Q9H295	893
NFATC1	CTSK	P43235	889
NFATC1	FOS	P01100	861
NFATC1	TNFRSF11B	O00300	799
NFATC1	RCAN1	P53805	780
NFATC1	OSCAR	Q8IYS5	776
NFATC1	CALML6	Q8TD86	775
NFATC1	CALML5	Q9NZT1	775
NFATC1	CALML4	Q96GE6	775
NFATC1	CALML3	P27482	774
NFATC1	CALM1	P02593	773
NFATC1	CALCR	P30988	766
NFATC1	PPP3R1	P06705	761

IntAct

Human interaction partners of NFATC1 in IntAct, one row per partner (best MIscore; records = supporting IntAct interaction records).

27 partners by confidence:

Partner	Interaction type	MIscore	Records
PPP3CA	physical association	0.720	4
JUN	physical association	0.610	3
ATF1	physical association	0.580	2
CREB1	physical association	0.580	2
PPP3CC	association	0.530	2
OGT	physical association	0.500	2
ATF2	physical association	0.500	1
ATF3	physical association	0.500	1
HOXC13	physical association	0.500	1
SMARCA4	proximity	0.480	4
TP53	proximity	0.480	1
JAK3	phosphorylation reaction	0.440	1
YWHAZ	physical association	0.400	1
IFNL1	physical association	0.370	1
XCL2	physical association	0.370	1
IL2	association	0.350	1
NKX2-3	association	0.350	1
OBSL1	association	0.350	1
SMARCA5	association	0.350	1
FBXW7	proximity	0.270	4
SMAD4	proximity	0.270	4
SPOP	proximity	0.270	4
AKT1	proximity	0.270	1
BRAF	proximity	0.270	1
EGFR	proximity	0.270	1
PTEN	proximity	0.270	1
PTPN11	proximity	0.270	1

BioGRID (211 interactions; top human partners by supporting records): EP300 (Affinity Capture-Western; 8 records), JUN (Affinity Capture-MS; 4 records), PPP3CC (Affinity Capture-MS; 4 records), CREB1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), ARMC8 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), CHEK1 (Affinity Capture-Western; 2 records), CREBBP (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), DNAAF2 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), FOS (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), FOXP3 (Affinity Capture-Luminescence; 2 records), GSK3B (Affinity Capture-Western; 2 records), HDAC2 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), HDAC5 (Biochemical Activity; 2 records), HMGCS2 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), IKZF1 (Affinity Capture-Western; 2 records)

SIGNOR signaling

showing 31 of 49 signaling interactions:

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
PPP3CA	up-regulates	NFATC1	dephosphorylation
PPP3CC	up-regulates	NFATC1	relocalization
PRKCA	“down-regulates activity”	NFATC1	phosphorylation
NFATC1	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	IL6	“transcriptional regulation”
Calcineurin	up-regulates	NFATC1	dephosphorylation
AP1	“up-regulates activity”	NFATC1	binding
PPP3CA	“up-regulates activity”	NFATC1	dephosphorylation
NFATC1	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	PLAUR	“transcriptional regulation”
CDC42	“up-regulates activity”	NFATC1
NFATC1	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	IL4	“transcriptional regulation”
NFATC1	up-regulates	Myotube_hypertrophy	“transcriptional regulation”
NFATC1	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	GPC6	“transcriptional regulation”
NFATC1	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	PTGS2	“transcriptional regulation”
PP2B	up-regulates	NFATC1	relocalization
NFATC1	up-regulates	Differentiation
NFATC1	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	IL2	“transcriptional regulation”
JAK3	“up-regulates activity”	NFATC1	phosphorylation
PIM1	“up-regulates activity”	NFATC1	phosphorylation
IKBKE	“up-regulates activity”	NFATC1	phosphorylation
DYRK1A	“up-regulates activity”	NFATC1	phosphorylation
GSK3B	“down-regulates activity”	NFATC1	phosphorylation
MAPK8	“down-regulates activity”	NFATC1	phosphorylation
MAPK10	down-regulates	NFATC1	phosphorylation
MAPK14	down-regulates	NFATC1	phosphorylation
MAPK3	down-regulates	NFATC1	phosphorylation
PPP3CB	up-regulates	NFATC1	relocalization
PRKACA	down-regulates	NFATC1	phosphorylation
NFATC1	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	MYH7	“transcriptional regulation”
NFATC1	“up-regulates activity”	T_cell_activation
PIM2	“up-regulates activity”	NFATC1	phosphorylation
PIM3	“up-regulates activity”	NFATC1	phosphorylation

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 27 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Signaling by Interleukins	7	18.0×	3e-05
RAF/MAP kinase cascade	6	14.7×	4e-04
PIP3 activates AKT signaling	5	13.4×	1e-03
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system	7	11.4×	4e-04
Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases	5	10.3×	3e-03

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	5	53.8×	1e-05
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	5	29.4×	1e-04
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	5	15.8×	6e-04
negative regulation of apoptotic process	9	11.6×	1e-05
positive regulation of gene expression	7	10.0×	4e-04
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	5	7.8×	5e-03

Disease & clinical

Genetic variants

Variant evidence for NFATC1: 399 ClinVar records (2 pathogenic / likely pathogenic); 59 GWAS associations. Per-variant detail is on Sugi Variant.

ClinVar

399 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	2
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	223
Likely benign	112
Benign	37

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (2)

Showing all 2 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic ClinVar records, ranked by ClinVar review status (expert panel → multiple submitters → single submitter), then by number of submitting labs.

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification	Review	Submitters
1807794	GRCh37/hg19 18q22.1-23(chr18:66530142-78014123)x1	Pathogenic	criteria provided, single submitter	1
2500799	GRCh37/hg19 18q22.1-23(chr18:66459747-78012829)x1	Pathogenic	no assertion criteria provided	1

Per-variant reference — Sugi Variant

Explore NFATC1’s pathogenic and likely-pathogenic variants individually — each with its ClinVar classification and conditions, applied ACMG criteria (ClinGen expert panel, where curated), the calibrated in-silico predictors (AlphaMissense, REVEL, SaProt, conservation), gnomAD frequency, and the predictor-disagreement QC signal — on Sugi Variant.

SpliceAI

Top 10 splice-impact sites by Δscore (adjacent positions with the same effect merged into one range; 39 predictions of 2,468):

Position(s)	Effect	Δscore	Sites
18:79433739–79433740	donor_loss	1.0000	5
18:79448776	acceptor_gain	1.0000
18:79448780–79448781	acceptor_loss	1.0000	5
18:79448985–79448986	donor_loss	1.0000	4
18:79450947–79450948	acceptor_gain	1.0000	2
18:79461309–79461310	acceptor_loss	1.0000	5
18:79396349	donor_gain	0.9900
18:79396352–79396353	donor_loss	0.9900	5
18:79410401–79410402	acceptor_loss	0.9900	6
18:79411502–79411503	donor_loss	0.9900	5

AlphaMissense

1,691 missense substitutions predicted likely pathogenic (of 6,075 scored), across 391 residues. Top 20 hotspot residues, ranked by the number of likely-pathogenic substitutions (of those reachable by a single-nucleotide change), then by mean score:

Residue	Likely-pathogenic substitutions	Mean am_pathogenicity	Max am_pathogenicity
M527	9	0.953	0.998
N541	8	0.999	1.000
D543	8	0.999	1.000
H438	8	0.998	1.000
S447	8	0.997	1.000
H489	8	0.997	1.000
F491	8	0.996	1.000
N557	8	0.996	1.000
H495	8	0.993	1.000
D552	8	0.989	0.998
F629	8	0.988	1.000
D532	8	0.987	0.999
H441	8	0.985	0.999
F564	8	0.983	0.999
D482	8	0.981	0.998
F477	8	0.979	1.000
H458	8	0.957	0.998
F621	8	0.948	0.999
H437	8	0.939	0.998
S176	8	0.938	0.998

HPA cancer prognostics

RNA cancer specificity: Low cancer specificity

Human Protein Atlas survival analysis — favorable = higher expression predicts better survival.

2 prognostic cancer types:

Cancer	Prognostic	p-value
Breast Invasive Carcinoma (validation)	favorable	4.79e-05
Rectum Adenocarcinoma (validation)	favorable	5.38e-05

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:600489 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

2 curated gene-disease records:

Disease	Classification	Inheritance	Records
inborn error of immunity	Moderate	Autosomal recessive
congenital heart disease	Limited	Autosomal dominant

ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity

Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.

1 validity classifications:

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
congenital heart disease	Limited	AD

Genomics England panels (PanelApp)

Clinical diagnostic gene panels including this gene (1 panels, 0 green/diagnostic-grade). Confidence: green = diagnostic, amber = moderate.

1 panels:

Panel	Rating
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease	amber

Mondo (2): congenital heart disease (MONDO:0005453), inborn error of immunity (MONDO:0003778)

GWAS associations

showing 30 of 59 associations:

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST008058_79	Estimated glomerular filtration rate	7e-81
GCST008059_14	Estimated glomerular filtration rate	4e-60
GCST007876_121	Estimated glomerular filtration rate	8e-45
GCST008747_44	Estimated glomerular filtration rate	8e-43
GCST008745_70	Estimated glomerular filtration rate in non-diabetics	2e-36
GCST008747_118	Estimated glomerular filtration rate	2e-29
GCST007344_16	Estimated glomerular filtration rate	2e-28
GCST005985_7	Creatinine levels	1e-25
GCST005984_43	Glomerular filtration rate	9e-25
GCST90002395_480	Mean platelet volume	1e-18
GCST008060_27	Estimated glomerular filtration rate	1e-17
GCST008062_127	Blood urea nitrogen levels	2e-17
GCST90002395_477	Mean platelet volume	5e-17
GCST90000025_423	Appendicular lean mass	1e-16
GCST007916_5	Hyperuricemia	2e-16
GCST007917_1	Estimated glomerular filtration rate	2e-16
GCST007919_7	Creatinine levels	2e-16
GCST007920_9	Chronic kidney disease	2e-16
GCST90013406_101	Liver enzyme levels (alkaline phosphatase)	4e-15
GCST004599_80	Mean platelet volume	8e-15
GCST006979_529	Heel bone mineral density	2e-14
GCST90002388_619	Lymphocyte count	2e-13
GCST007448_2	Normal facial asymmetry (angle of surface orientation score)	4e-13
GCST007877_21	Creatinine levels	4e-13
GCST90002395_479	Mean platelet volume	1e-12
GCST008064_45	Chronic kidney disease	2e-12
GCST90011900_83	Serum alkaline phosphatase levels	2e-12
GCST006979_528	Heel bone mineral density	5e-12
GCST006288_568	Heel bone mineral density	2e-11
GCST006392_3	Estimated glomerular filtration rate	2e-11

EFO canonical traits (from GWAS)

17 canonical traits:

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004763	p-tau measurement
EFO:0009270	heel bone mineral density
EFO:0009599	feeling emotionally hurt measurement
EFO:0009751	facial asymmetry measurement
EFO:0009104	hyperuricemia
EFO:0009933	Thyroid preparation use measurement
EFO:0009936	Drugs affecting bone structure and mineralization use measurement
EFO:0004335	short-term memory
EFO:0007785	femoral neck bone mineral density
EFO:0009819	comparative body size at age 10, self-reported
EFO:0005674	white matter microstructure measurement
EFO:0007789	BMI-adjusted waist circumference
EFO:0004980	appendicular lean mass
EFO:0004587	lymphocyte count
EFO:0007993	lymphocyte percentage of leukocytes
EFO:0007990	neutrophil percentage of leukocytes
EFO:0004533	alkaline phosphatase measurement

MeSH disease descriptors

2 disease descriptors:

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D006330	Heart Defects, Congenital	C14.240.400; C14.280.400; C16.131.240.400
D007153	Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes	C20.673

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL3876 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (CPIC guideline: no)

PharmGKB variant annotations

Per-publication pharmacogenomic findings for this gene (significant associations).

4 published findings:

Variant	Drug(s)	Category	Finding	PMID
rs1017860	cyclosporine, methotrexate	Efficacy	Genotype CC is associated with increased risk of Graft vs Host Disease when treated with cyclosporine and methotrexate in people with Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as compared to genotypes CT + TT.	PMID:25425682
rs8090560	cyclosporine, methotrexate	Efficacy	Genotype GG is associated with increased risk of Graft vs Host Disease when treated with cyclosporine and methotrexate in people with Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as compared to genotypes AA + AG.	PMID:25425682
rs3894049	cyclosporine, mycophenolic acid, prednisone	Efficacy	Genotype CC is associated with decreased likelihood of transplant rejection when treated with cyclosporine, mycophenolic acid and prednisone in people with Kidney Transplantation as compared to genotype CG.	PMID:28244807
rs2280055	cyclosporine, mycophenolic acid, prednisone	Efficacy	Genotype CC is associated with Decreased glomerular filtration rate when treated with cyclosporine, mycophenolic acid and prednisone in people with Kidney Transplantation as compared to genotypes CT + TT.	PMID:28244807

Binding affinities (BindingDB)

17 measured of 17 human assays (17 total across all organisms); most potent 17 below. Values come from heterogeneous assays and are not directly comparable.

Ligand	Measure	Value	Patent
CHEMBL4079572	IC50	1 nM
3-pyridin-4-yl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine	IC50	1 nM	US-20250099442: COMPOUNDS FOR USE IN TREATING NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
CHEMBL4105629	IC50	8 nM
1-propan-2-yl-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine	IC50	8 nM	US-20250099442: COMPOUNDS FOR USE IN TREATING NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
CHEMBL4091320	IC50	10 nM
CHEMBL4069163	IC50	12 nM
CHEMBL4075648	IC50	61 nM
CHEMBL4098505	IC50	69 nM
CHEMBL4080488	IC50	75 nM
CHEMBL4077010	IC50	89 nM
CHEMBL4095674	IC50	109 nM
CHEMBL4072138	IC50	138 nM
CHEMBL4090889	IC50	242 nM
CHEMBL4066607	IC50	277 nM
CHEMBL5174163	IC50	4500 nM
CHEMBL5195853	IC50	11600 nM
CHEMBL5181607	IC50	18700 nM

ChEMBL bioactivities

12 potent at pChembl≥5 of 17 total, top 12 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
6.51	EC50	310	nM	CHEMBL4064316
5.80	EC50	1590	nM	CHEMBL4105629
5.66	EC50	2210	nM	CHEMBL4077010
5.53	EC50	2980	nM	CHEMBL4084955
5.35	IC50	4500	nM	CHEMBL5174163
5.32	EC50	4800	nM	CHEMBL4079572
5.31	EC50	4850	nM	CHEMBL4098505
5.28	EC50	5310	nM	CHEMBL4075648
5.16	EC50	6900	nM	CHEMBL4091320
5.16	EC50	6960	nM	CHEMBL4095674
5.12	EC50	7580	nM	CHEMBL4069163
5.01	EC50	9800	nM	CHEMBL4090889

PubChem BioAssay actives

12 with measured affinity, of 86 total; 12 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
1-propan-2-yl-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine	1478838: Induction of nuclear translocation of human GFP-tagged NFATc1 expressed in virus infected primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts after 3 hrs by DAPI staining based assay	ec50	0.3100	uM
1-(2-cyclopropylethyl)-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine	1478838: Induction of nuclear translocation of human GFP-tagged NFATc1 expressed in virus infected primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts after 3 hrs by DAPI staining based assay	ec50	1.5900	uM
1-methyl-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine	1478838: Induction of nuclear translocation of human GFP-tagged NFATc1 expressed in virus infected primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts after 3 hrs by DAPI staining based assay	ec50	2.2100	uM
3-pyridin-4-yl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine	1478838: Induction of nuclear translocation of human GFP-tagged NFATc1 expressed in virus infected primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts after 3 hrs by DAPI staining based assay	ec50	2.9800	uM
N-[2-[2-chloro-5-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfamoyl]anilino]-2-oxoethyl]-5-methylthiophene-2-carboxamide	1874118: Inhibition of NFATC activity in HEK293T cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by ionomycin/phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulation and measured after 4 hrs by luciferase reporter assay	ic50	4.5000	uM
4-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine	1478838: Induction of nuclear translocation of human GFP-tagged NFATc1 expressed in virus infected primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts after 3 hrs by DAPI staining based assay	ec50	4.8000	uM
3-(2-fluoro-4-pyridinyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine	1478838: Induction of nuclear translocation of human GFP-tagged NFATc1 expressed in virus infected primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts after 3 hrs by DAPI staining based assay	ec50	4.8500	uM
3-(3-chloro-4-pyridinyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine	1478838: Induction of nuclear translocation of human GFP-tagged NFATc1 expressed in virus infected primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts after 3 hrs by DAPI staining based assay	ec50	5.3100	uM
1-(2-methoxyethyl)-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine	1478838: Induction of nuclear translocation of human GFP-tagged NFATc1 expressed in virus infected primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts after 3 hrs by DAPI staining based assay	ec50	6.9000	uM
4-[3-(3-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-1-yl)propyl]morpholine	1478838: Induction of nuclear translocation of human GFP-tagged NFATc1 expressed in virus infected primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts after 3 hrs by DAPI staining based assay	ec50	6.9600	uM
1-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine	1478838: Induction of nuclear translocation of human GFP-tagged NFATc1 expressed in virus infected primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts after 3 hrs by DAPI staining based assay	ec50	7.5800	uM
4-(7-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine	1478838: Induction of nuclear translocation of human GFP-tagged NFATc1 expressed in virus infected primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts after 3 hrs by DAPI staining based assay	ec50	9.8000	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

72 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects expression, affects methylation, increases expression, increases methylation	6
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases expression, increases methylation	3
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	affects methylation, decreases expression	3
sodium arsenite	affects localization, decreases reaction, increases abundance, affects expression, decreases phosphorylation (+2 more)	2
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	affects expression, decreases expression	2
entinostat	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Calcimycin	affects cotreatment, increases expression, increases reaction, affects localization, decreases expression (+1 more)	2
Resveratrol	decreases expression, decreases reaction, increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Arsenic	affects methylation, decreases methylation	2
Silicon Dioxide	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	affects localization, decreases expression, decreases reaction, affects cotreatment, increases expression (+1 more)	2
Cyclosporine	decreases reaction, decreases expression, affects localization, decreases activity, affects cotreatment	2
GSK-J4	increases expression	1
FR900359	affects phosphorylation	1
GW 506033X	increases reaction, decreases reaction, increases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide	affects localization	1
bisphenol A	decreases methylation, affects cotreatment, increases methylation	1
deoxynivalenol	affects localization	1
diphenyleneiodonium	affects localization, decreases reaction, increases abundance	1
alpha-naphthoflavone	affects localization, decreases reaction	1
arsenite	affects localization, decreases reaction, increases abundance	1
perfluorooctanoic acid	decreases expression	1
ochratoxin A	increases acetylation, increases expression	1
benzo(e)pyrene	increases methylation	1
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal	decreases expression	1
aflatoxin B2	increases methylation	1
cupric oxide	increases expression	1
acetovanillone	affects localization, decreases reaction, increases abundance	1
perfluoro-n-nonanoic acid	decreases expression	1

ChEMBL screening assays

15 unique, capped per target: 15 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL1687116	Binding	Effect on NFATc1 in HEK293 nuclear extract at 50 uM after 15 mins by EMSA assay	Identification of new GATA4-small molecule inhibitors by structure-based virtual screening. — *Bioorg Med Chem*

Cellosaurus cell lines

11 cell lines: 7 cancer cell line, 3 embryonic stem cell, 1 induced pluripotent stem cell

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_A4M1	SEES3-1V human NFATC1, clone1	Embryonic stem cell	Male
CVCL_A4M2	SEES3-1V human NFATC1, clone2	Embryonic stem cell	Male
CVCL_A4M3	SEES3-1V human NFATC1, clone3	Embryonic stem cell	Male
CVCL_B1YL	Abcam HeLa NFATC1 KO	Cancer cell line	Female
CVCL_B8LF	Abcam HCT 116 NFATC1 KO	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_B9NL	Abcam A-549 NFATC1 KO	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_C1NN	NCHi001-A	Induced pluripotent stem cell	Female
CVCL_D2GP	Abcam MCF-7 NFATC1 KO	Cancer cell line	Female
CVCL_E0IX	Ubigene HeLa NFATC1 KO	Cancer cell line	Female
CVCL_TA56	HAP1 NFATC1 (-) 1	Cancer cell line	Male

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

Via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

showing 60 of 300 trials:

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00668824	Phase 4	UNKNOWN	Improved Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using Vasovist
NCT01368705	Phase 4	COMPLETED	Nitrogen Balance in Infants After Post Cardiothoracic Surgery
NCT01619982	Phase 4	COMPLETED	Pre-operative Prophylaxis With Vancomycin and Cefazolin in Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery Patients
NCT02122679	Phase 4	WITHDRAWN	Tranexamic Acid Effect on Platelet Aggregation Following Infant Cardiopulmonary Bypass
NCT02527811	Phase 4	UNKNOWN	Ulinastatin Injection in in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery
NCT03014700	Phase 4	COMPLETED	Fibrinogen Concentrate vs Cryoprecipitate
NCT03408340	Phase 4	TERMINATED	Paravertebral Nerve Blocks in Neonates
NCT03630796	Phase 4	UNKNOWN	Effect of Sevoflurane in Postoperative Troponin I Levels in Children Undergoing Congenital Heart Defects Surgery
NCT03667703	Phase 4	COMPLETED	Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis Versus Placebo in Critically Ill Infants With Congenital Heart Disease
NCT04453761	Phase 4	UNKNOWN	Thiamine Influenced on Substrate Energy Effectiveness in Indonesian Children Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass
NCT06668389	Phase 4	RECRUITING	Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot Patients for Enhancement of Cardio-Pulmonary Status Trial
NCT07499154	Phase 4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Perioperative Lidocaine for Lung Protection in Infants Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
NCT00000470	Phase 3	COMPLETED	Infant Heart Surgery: Central Nervous System Sequelae of Circulatory Arrest
NCT00000494	Phase 3	COMPLETED	Management of Patent Ductus in Premature Infants
NCT01134302	Phase 3	UNKNOWN	Hybrid Versus Norwood Management Strategies in Infants Undergoing Single Ventricle Palliation
NCT01607983	Phase 3	WITHDRAWN	Effects of Pulmonary Vasodilation Upon VA Coupling in Fontan Patients
NCT01662011	Phase 3	UNKNOWN	Application of Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist to Children After Congenital Cardiac Surgery
NCT02320669	Phase 3	COMPLETED	Phase 3 Triiodothyronine Supplementation for Infants After Cardiopulmonary Bypass
NCT02615262	Phase 3	COMPLETED	Intraoperative Dexamethasone in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
NCT03153137	Phase 3	COMPLETED	Clinical Study Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Macitentan in Fontan-palliated Subjects
NCT03154476	Phase 3	COMPLETED	Role of Sildenafil for Fontan Associated Liver Disease (SiFALD) Study
NCT04536194	Phase 3	COMPLETED	Dopamine Versus Norepinephrine Under General Anesthesia
NCT04702373	Phase 3	UNKNOWN	Training in Exercise Activities and Motion for Growth (TEAM 4 Growth) RCT
NCT05049590	Phase 3	COMPLETED	Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution in Complex Cardiac Surgery
NCT06406517	Phase 3	UNKNOWN	Comparative Effectiveness of Gadopiclenol for Evaluation of Adult Congenital Heart Anatomy and Hemodynamics
NCT06693674	Phase 3	RECRUITING	Effect of Sacubitril-Valsartan on Cardiac Structure and Function
NCT06955260	Phase 3	RECRUITING	SGLT2 Inhibition With Empagliflozin in Fontan Circulatory Failure
NCT00115375	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Platelet Aggregation Inhibition in Children on Clopidogrel (PICOLO)
NCT00350220	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Transfusion Strategies in Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery
NCT00374088	Phase 2	COMPLETED	N-Acetylcysteine in Neonatal Congenital Heart Surgery (INACT Study)
NCT00538785	Phase 2	COMPLETED	A Study to Evaluate MEDI-524 In Children With Hemodynamically Significant Congenital Heart Disease
NCT00770705	Phase 2	WITHDRAWN	Parenteral Phenoxybenzamine During Congenital Heart Disease Surgery
NCT00919945	Phase 2	TERMINATED	Impact of Early Enteral Feeding on Splanchnic Blood Flow After Surgery for Critical Heart Disease in the Newborn
NCT01063712	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Safety and Effectiveness of the Device Nit-Occlud® PDA-R
NCT01069510	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Spironolactone in Adult Congenital Heart Disease
NCT01189981	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Effect of eHealth Encouragements to Intensive Exercise in Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease
NCT01330433	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Effects of CoSeal on Bleeding & Adhesions in Pediatric Heart Surgery
NCT01662037	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Bosentan Therapy in Children With Functional Single Ventricle
NCT01668264	Phase 2	UNKNOWN	Imaging Assessment of Diastolic Function
NCT01827059	Phase 2	UNKNOWN	Bosentan In Exercise Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in CongenitaL Heart diseasE
NCT01841177	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Evaluating Precision of Therapy - Milrinone
NCT02046135	Phase 2	TERMINATED	Sodium Bicarbonate to Prevent Acute Kidney Injury in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
NCT02133573	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Randomized Trial of Maternal Progesterone Therapy
NCT02232399	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Is Levosimendan Superior to Milrinone Regarding Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease?
NCT02492269	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Stress Response and Neurodevelopmental Outcome After Cardiac Surgery Utilizing CPB in Children: A Prospective, Double Blinded and Randomized Study
NCT02564796	Phase 2	TERMINATED	Erythropoietin to Prevent Unnecessary Transfusions In Patients With Cyanotic CHD - A Prospective Control Trial
NCT02618824	Phase 2	UNKNOWN	Role of Terminal Warm Blood Cardioplegia as Myocardial Protection in the Use of Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate Cardioplegia in Complex Congenital Heart Surgery
NCT02769624	Phase 2	TERMINATED	Acute Effects of Inhaled Treprostinil in Fontan Patients
NCT02877238	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Remote Preconditioning and Myocardial Protection
NCT03082716	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Custodiol Versus Blood Cardioplegaia in Paediatric Cardiac Surgery
NCT03425734	Phase 2	UNKNOWN	The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Kidney Perfusion in Paediatric Patients
NCT04434001	Phase 2	TERMINATED	ZEPLAST- PED: ZEro_PLASma Trial in Small Infants Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
NCT04807621	Phase 2	UNKNOWN	Platelets or Fibrinogen as First-line Treatment for Bleeding During Pedatric Heart Surgery
NCT05717049	Phase 2	COMPLETED	Theophylline Effects in the Fontan Circulation
NCT06080074	Phase 2	RECRUITING	Multicenter Trial of ECMO in Children With Severe Cardiac Failure Using the Cardiohelp System
NCT07498803	Phase 2	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Sota-ES - Sotatercept in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease and Eisenmenger´s Syndrome
NCT01698567	Phase 1	TERMINATED	Antithrombin III in Infants With Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB)
NCT02549625	Phase 1	COMPLETED	Phase I Safety and Feasibility Study of Intracoronary Delivery of Autologous Bone Marrow Derived Mononuclear Cells
NCT03417999	Phase 1	TERMINATED	Pharmacokinetic Study of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease
NCT03946462	Phase 1	WITHDRAWN	Nitric Oxide During CPB to Reduce AKI in Neonates

Predicted chemistry — Sugi Predict

The predicted patent-compound landscape for NFATC1 across ~30M SureChEMBL compounds — explore on Sugi Predict.