NFATC2

gene
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Also known as NF-ATPNFATpNFAT1

Summary

NFATC2 (nuclear factor of activated T cells 2, HGNC:7776) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 20q13.2, encoding Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 (Q13469). Plays a role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T-cells, especially in the induction of the IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, TNF or GM-CSF.

This gene is a member of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family. The product of this gene is a DNA-binding protein with a REL-homology region (RHR) and an NFAT-homology region (NHR). This protein is present in the cytosol and only translocates to the nucleus upon T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, where it becomes a member of the nuclear factors of activated T cells transcription complex. This complex plays a central role in inducing gene transcription during the immune response. Alternate transcriptional splice variants encoding different isoforms have been characterized.

Source: NCBI Gene 4773 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • Gene–disease (curated): lymphoproliferative syndrome (Moderate, GenCC) — +2 more curated relationships
  • GWAS associations: 25
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 147 total — 1 likely-pathogenic
  • Phenotypes (HPO): 12
  • Cancer driver (intOGen): activating (oncogene-like) across 2 cancer types
  • Transcription factor: yes — 98 downstream targets (CollecTRI)
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_012340

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:7776
Approved symbolNFATC2
Namenuclear factor of activated T cells 2
Location20q13.2
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesNF-ATP, NFATp, NFAT1
Ensembl geneENSG00000101096
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM600490
Entrez4773

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 8 — 7 protein_coding, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000371564, ENST00000396009, ENST00000414705, ENST00000496054, ENST00000609507, ENST00000609943, ENST00000610033, ENST00000875252

RefSeq mRNA: 8 — MANE Select: NM_012340 NM_001136021, NM_001258292, NM_001258294, NM_001258295, NM_001258296, NM_001258297, NM_012340, NM_173091

CCDS: CCDS13437, CCDS33488, CCDS46614, CCDS68156, CCDS68157

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000371564 — 11 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000006627075143518851435314
ENSE000006627085143570651435761
ENSE000006627095145454851454688
ENSE000006627105147398051474152
ENSE000006627115147545851475660
ENSE000006627125151678451516955
ENSE000006627135152308151524110
ENSE000013741185139864351398730
ENSE000014555165143206751432756
ENSE000014555185154237051542719
ENSE000036776525138696351391451

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 230 present calls, max score 96.62.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 12.0061 / max 249.8081, expressed in 1243 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (6 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
1879328.8804868
1879342.7658593
1879360.126454
1879330.125165
1879350.059027
1879310.049522

Top tissues by expression

251 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
vena cavaUBERON:000408796.62gold quality
synovial jointUBERON:000221793.56gold quality
layer of synovial tissueUBERON:000761692.71gold quality
oviduct epitheliumUBERON:000480491.43gold quality
nippleUBERON:000203090.62gold quality
buccal mucosa cellCL:000233690.21gold quality
pylorusUBERON:000116690.03gold quality
tendon of biceps brachiiUBERON:000818889.97gold quality
cartilage tissueUBERON:000241889.65gold quality
saphenous veinUBERON:000731889.47gold quality
upper arm skinUBERON:000426389.28gold quality
tracheaUBERON:000312689.16gold quality
urethraUBERON:000005788.18gold quality
trigeminal ganglionUBERON:000167586.71gold quality
granulocyteCL:000009486.53gold quality
cardia of stomachUBERON:000116286.13gold quality
epithelium of mammary glandUBERON:000324486.08gold quality
mammary ductUBERON:000176585.99gold quality
mammalian vulvaUBERON:000099785.38gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominisUBERON:000451185.38gold quality
lymph nodeUBERON:000002985.18gold quality
parotid glandUBERON:000183185.17gold quality
epithelial cell of pancreasCL:000008384.85silver quality
jejunal mucosaUBERON:000039984.64gold quality
penisUBERON:000098984.62gold quality
ileal mucosaUBERON:000033184.08silver quality
secondary oocyteCL:000065583.68gold quality
jejunumUBERON:000211583.58gold quality
trabecular bone tissueUBERON:000248382.71gold quality
tendonUBERON:000004382.39gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3yes7.02

Regulation

Is transcription factor: yes

Downstream targets (CollecTRI)

98 targets.

TargetRegulation
ABCA1Activation
ACP5
APOBEC3GActivation
APP
ATM
BACE1
CBX3
CCL5Activation
CCNA2Unknown
CCR9
CD28
CD34
CD3E
CD3GRepression
CD4Activation
CD40
CD40LGUnknown
CDK4Repression
CFLAR
CIITA
CREBBP
CSF2Activation
CTLA4
CX3CR1
CXCL8
EGR3Unknown
ENPP2Unknown
ENTPD2Unknown
FASLG
FGF2

JASPAR motifs

MotifNameFamily
MA0152.1NFATC2NFAT-related factors

JASPAR matrix evidence (PMIDs): PMID:17916232

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): HMGA1, MBD2, NFATC2, NFKB, RUNX2, SP1, SP2, STAT5A, TCF3

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

207 targeting NFATC2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-30A-5P100.0076.313233
HSA-MIR-30B-5P100.0076.293248
HSA-MIR-30C-5P100.0076.293248
HSA-MIR-30D-5P100.0076.323233
HSA-MIR-30E-5P100.0076.323242
HSA-MIR-6867-5P100.0082.213464
HSA-MIR-6833-3P100.0070.633197
HSA-MIR-4768-5P100.0069.492861
HSA-MIR-4476100.0068.182030
HSA-MIR-6876-5P100.0067.682126
HSA-MIR-6873-3P100.0071.422626
HSA-MIR-4262100.0073.263931
HSA-MIR-3163100.0077.238605
HSA-MIR-4510100.0066.602050
HSA-MIR-4682100.0068.891258
HSA-MIR-8485100.0077.574731
HSA-MIR-9-5P100.0072.282361
HSA-MIR-548C-3P99.9974.017587
HSA-MIR-511-3P99.9968.851467
HSA-MIR-428299.9975.366408
HSA-MIR-118499.9968.191458
HSA-MIR-3667-3P99.9967.171636
HSA-MIR-453199.9969.703181
HSA-MIR-806899.9873.852376
HSA-MIR-480399.9871.993117
HSA-MIR-314899.9775.066478
HSA-MIR-3688-3P99.9772.022834
HSA-MIR-568899.9673.234504
HSA-MIR-495-3P99.9672.814197
HSA-MIR-426799.9666.532368

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

  • Recombinant NFATp binds DNA on its own and cooperatively with AP-1 proteins, activates transcription in vitro, is phosphorylated, can be dephosphorylated by calcineurin, and exhibits regulated association with nuclei in vitro. (PMID:11231878)
  • C-terminal one third of DNA binding domain confers different binding specificity of NFATc and NFATp to an NFAT site in the TNF-alpha promoters (PMID:11911478)
  • NF-ATc2 induces apoptosis in Burkitt’s lymphoma cells through signaling via the B cell antigen receptor (PMID:12594826)
  • Differential responsiveness of cord blood T cells cannot be attributed to differences at the level of NFAT1 expression. (PMID:14657699)
  • sumoylation has a dual role in the nuclear localization and transcriptional activation of NFAT1 (PMID:15117942)
  • identify a conserved docking site for casein kinase 1 (CK1) in NFAT proteins and show that mutation of this site disrupts NFAT1-CK1 interaction and causes constitutive nuclear localization of NFAT1 (PMID:15121840)
  • Nuclear factor of activated T cells balances angiogenesis activation and inhibition. (PMID:15184502)
  • role in activating interleukin-5 receptor (PMID:15271374)
  • These results suggest a novel and unexpected role for members of the NFAT transcription factor family in the hematopoietic system. (PMID:15292278)
  • Interleukin (IL)-15 and IL-2 reciprocally regulate expression of the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 through selective NFAT1- and NFAT2-dependent mechanisms (PMID:15347678)
  • the nuclear factor of activated T cell-dependent transactivation pathway has a role in viral protein A238L inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 expression (PMID:15471864)
  • Expression of NFATc1 and NFATc2 wild type protein or the active catalytic subunit of calcineurin transactivates COX-2 promoter activity, whereas a dominant negative mutant of NFAT inhibited COX-2 induction in colon carcinoma cell lines. (PMID:15632146)
  • CAML is an important signal transducer for the actions of Ang II in regulating the calcineurin-NFAT pathway and the interaction of CAML with ATRAP may mediate the Ang II actions in vascular physiology (PMID:15668245)
  • NFAT and SRF may interact to cooperatively regulate smooth muscle cell-specific gene expression and NFAT may have a role in the phenotypic maintenance of smooth muscle (PMID:15857835)
  • alpha6beta4 integrin potentiates autotaxin expression through the upregulation and activation of NFAT1. (PMID:15897878)
  • NFATc2 activity is regulated by caspase-3 (PMID:16455648)
  • NFKB and NFAT regulate BLyS expression via at least one NFKB and 2 NFAT BLYS promoter binding sites. Constitutive activation of NFKB and BLyS in NHL-B cells forms a positive feedback loop associated with lymphoma cell survival and proliferation (PMID:16497967)
  • NFAT promotes breast cancer cell invasion through the induction of COX-2 and the synthesis of prostaglandins (PMID:16505480)
  • results indicate that HIV-1 Tat interacts with NFAT, affecting its cooperation with AP-1, without altering independent binding of these transcription factors to DNA (PMID:16690925)
  • Studies with NFAT1-sufficient and -deficient double-transgenic bone marrow chimeric mice demonstrate that the transcription factor NFAT1 is involved in B cell anergy. (PMID:16849457)
  • Constitutive expression of NFAT1/NFATc2 in transgenic mice controls bone resorption in vivo by stimulating differentiation and functioning of osteoclasts but not their survival. (PMID:16888000)
  • In Wiskott-Aldrich CD8+ T cells, a block in cytokine production correlates with reduced nuclear levels of both NFAT-1 and NFAT-2. (PMID:17082665)
  • Ral is activated upon BCR stimulation and mediates BCR-controlled activation of AP-1 and NFAT transcription factors. (PMID:17237388)
  • the amount of NF-ATc2 bound to the promoters of CD154 (CD40L) and IL-2 genes in SLE; although high NF-ATc2 levels translated into higher CD154 transcription in SLE, IL-2 transcription was decreased (PMID:17237447)
  • MAP3K8 and PRKCZ cooperate in the regulation of the transcriptional activity of NFATC2 through the phosphorylation of its amino-terminal domain. (PMID:17398070)
  • NFAT1 could explain low FOXP3 expression and diminished Treg frequency in aplastic anemia. (PMID:17463169)
  • NFAT1 mediates proinflammatory gene expression in response to mechanotransduction (PMID:17584983)
  • Changes in AP-1 composition and the level of participating NFAT proteins can differentially influence cytokine gene expression, resulting in biological consequences for the modulation and dynamics of the immune response. (PMID:17588603)
  • the WIP-WASP complex plays an important role in WASP stabilization and NFAT activation (PMID:17711847)
  • NFAT1 is a critical regulator of CTLA-4 gene expression that binds to the CTLA-4 promoter in human T cells. (PMID:17785820)
  • O-GlcNAc modification might be required for nuclear translocation of the transcription factors NFkappaB and NFAT (PMID:17882263)
  • The promoter/enhancer activity of the NFAT-binding site in the TNF-alpha gene was up-regulated by NFATc2 but not by NFATc1, whereas both NFATs associated similarly with this region. (PMID:18097033)
  • study found that Homer2 and Homer3 are negative regulators of T cell activation; this is achieved through binding of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and by competing with calcineurin (PMID:18218901)
  • Unexpected coupling of PML with NFAT reveals a novel mechanism underlying the diverse physiological functions of promyelocytic leukemia. (PMID:18246125)
  • accumulation of HIF-1alpha in activated mast cells requires up-regulation of HIF1A gene transcription and depends on the calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway (PMID:18641302)
  • NFAT and MyoD cooperation regulates myogenin expression and myogenesis (PMID:18676376)
  • NFATc2 has a role in colitis by controlling mucosal T cell activation in an IL-6-dependent manner (PMID:18710929)
  • Normalization of the constitutive VEGFR2 signaling in hemangioma endothelial cells with soluble VEGFR1 or antibodies that neutralize VEGF or stimulate beta1 integrin (PMID:18931684)
  • our results establish crucial roles for enhancer element CNS-9, and NFAT1 and IRF4 that bind to it, for IL-10 expression in differential T helper subsets. (PMID:18962896)
  • Children with type 1 diabetes show decreased insudtion of MFATc2 in T cells. (PMID:18973208)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_rerionfatc2aENSDARG00000100927
mus_musculusNfatc2ENSMUSG00000027544
rattus_norvegicusNfatc2ENSRNOG00000012175

Paralogs (4): NFATC3 (ENSG00000072736), NFATC4 (ENSG00000100968), NFAT5 (ENSG00000102908), NFATC1 (ENSG00000131196)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2Q13469 (reviewed: Q13469)

Alternative names: NFAT pre-existing subunit, T-cell transcription factor NFAT1

All UniProt accessions (1): Q13469

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Plays a role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T-cells, especially in the induction of the IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, TNF or GM-CSF. Promotes invasive migration through the activation of GPC6 expression and WNT5A signaling pathway. Is involved in the negative regulation of chondrogenesis. Recruited by AKAP5 to ORAI1 pore-forming subunit of CRAC channels in Ca(2+) signaling microdomains where store-operated Ca(2+) influx is coupled to calmodulin and calcineurin signaling and activation of NFAT-dependent transcriptional responses.

Subunit / interactions. Member of the multicomponent NFATC transcription complex that consists of at least two components, a pre-existing cytoplasmic component NFATC2 and an inducible nuclear component NFATC1. Other members such as NFATC4, NFATC3 or members of the activating protein-1 family, MAF, GATA4 and Cbp/p300 can also bind the complex. The phosphorylated form specifically interacts with XPO1; which mediates nuclear export. NFATC proteins bind to DNA as monomers. Interacts with NFATC2IP. Interacts with FOXP3. Interacts with TBX21 (‘Thr-303’ phosphorylated form). Interacts with KAT2A. Interacts with HOMER2 and HOMER3; this interaction competes with calcineurin/PPP3CA-binding and hence prevents NFATC2 dephosphorylation and activation. Interacts with protein phosphatase PPP3CA/calcineurin A. Interacts with AKAP5 (via leucine zipper domain); this is required for NFATC2/NFAT1 recruitment to CRAC channels.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in thymus, spleen, heart, testis, brain, placenta, muscle and pancreas. Isoform 1 is highly expressed in the small intestine, heart, testis, prostate, thymus, placenta and thyroid. Isoform 3 is highly expressed in stomach, uterus, placenta, trachea and thyroid.

Post-translational modifications. In resting cells, phosphorylated by NFATC-kinase on at least 18 sites in the 99-363 region. Upon cell stimulation, all these sites except Ser-243 are dephosphorylated by calcineurin. Dephosphorylation induces a conformational change that simultaneously exposes an NLS and masks an NES, which results in nuclear localization. Simultaneously, Ser-53 or Ser-56 is phosphorylated; which is required for full transcriptional activity. Ubiquitinated in endothelial cells by RNF213 downstream of the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

Disease relevance. Joint contractures, osteochondromas, and B-cell lymphoma (JCOSL) [MIM:620232] An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by musculoskeletal and hematopoietic issues. Affected individuals develop painless fixed joint contractures in early childhood, have osteochondromas, osteopenia, and can develop B-cell lymphomas. The disease may be caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Domain organisation. The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors. Rel Similarity Domain (RSD) allows DNA-binding and cooperative interactions with AP1 factors.

Induction. Inducibly expressed in T-lymphocytes upon activation of the T-cell receptor (TCR) complex. Induced after co-addition of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin.

Isoforms (5)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
Q13469-11, C, NFATc2_IB_IILyes
Q13469-22, B
Q13469-33, NFATc2_IA_IIL
Q13469-44
Q13469-55

RefSeq proteins (8): NP_001129493, NP_001245221, NP_001245223, NP_001245224, NP_001245225, NP_001245226, NP_036472, NP_775114 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR002909IPT_domDomain
IPR008366NFATFamily
IPR008967p53-like_TF_DNA-bd_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR011539RHD_DNA_bind_domDomain
IPR013783Ig-like_foldHomologous_superfamily
IPR014756Ig_E-setHomologous_superfamily
IPR032397RHD_dimerDomain
IPR037059RHD_DNA_bind_dom_sfHomologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00554, PF16179

UniProt features (90 total): modified residue 30, strand 28, region of interest 7, short sequence motif 4, helix 4, repeat 3, compositionally biased region 3, splice variant 3, turn 3, chain 1, domain 1, DNA-binding region 1, sequence variant 1, sequence conflict 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

12 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
8R3FX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.55
8R07X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.74
1P7HX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.6
1A02X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.7
2AS5X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.7
8OW4X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.75
3QRFX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.8
9VRQX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.8
1OWRX-RAY DIFFRACTION3
2O93X-RAY DIFFRACTION3.05
1PZUX-RAY DIFFRACTION3.1
1S9KX-RAY DIFFRACTION3.1

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q13469-F157.690.27

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (30): 23, 99, 107, 110, 148, 168, 171, 172, 174, 175, 177, 180, 213, 217, 221, 236, 243, 255, 268, 274 …

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

5 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-2025928Calcineurin activates NFAT
R-HSA-2871809FCERI mediated Ca+2 mobilization
R-HSA-5607763CLEC7A (Dectin-1) induces NFAT activation
R-HSA-8877330RUNX1 and FOXP3 control the development of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs)
R-HSA-9976102Differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells to T helper 2 cells (Th2 cells)

MSigDB gene sets: 404 (showing top): GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_ACTIVATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_LEUKOCYTE_PROLIFERATION, BIOCARTA_FMLP_PATHWAY, REACTOME_INNATE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_CARTILAGE_DEVELOPMENT, REACTOME_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_SKELETAL_SYSTEM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_B_CELL_ACTIVATION, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_MUSCLE_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_SMOOTH_MUSCLE_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, KEGG_MAPK_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_SMOOTH_MUSCLE_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_UP, GOBP_ANTIGEN_RECEPTOR_MEDIATED_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_STRIATED_MUSCLE_CELL_DIFFERENTIATION

GO Biological Process (20): regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355), regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006357), transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006366), DNA damage response (GO:0006974), response to xenobiotic stimulus (GO:0009410), positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628), myotube cell development (GO:0014904), cell migration (GO:0016477), positive regulation of B cell proliferation (GO:0030890), calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade (GO:0033173), positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893), positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944), B cell receptor signaling pathway (GO:0050853), cartilage development (GO:0051216), cellular response to calcium ion (GO:0071277), lncRNA transcription (GO:0140742), positive regulation of myoblast fusion (GO:1901741), negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation (GO:1905064), negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122), gene expression (GO:0010467)

GO Molecular Function (14): RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978), DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981), DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001227), DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001228), DNA binding (GO:0003677), chromatin binding (GO:0003682), DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700), phosphatase binding (GO:0019902), molecular adaptor activity (GO:0060090), 14-3-3 protein binding (GO:0071889), sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding (GO:1990837), transcription cis-regulatory region binding (GO:0000976), protein binding (GO:0005515), sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0043565)

GO Cellular Component (8): chromatin (GO:0000785), nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), transcription regulator complex (GO:0005667), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytosol (GO:0005829), transcription factor AP-1 complex (GO:0035976), ribonucleoprotein complex (GO:1990904)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-5 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Downstream signaling events of B Cell Receptor (BCR)1
Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signaling1
CLEC7A (Dectin-1) signaling1
Transcriptional regulation by RUNX11
Differentiation of T cells1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
DNA-templated transcription4
RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding4
cellular anatomical structure4
regulation of DNA-templated transcription3
transcription by RNA polymerase II3
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II3
binding3
regulation of gene expression2
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific2
protein-containing complex2
regulation of RNA biosynthetic process1
cellular response to stress1
response to chemical1
gene expression1
positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process1
myotube differentiation1
striated muscle cell development1
cell motility1
regulation of B cell proliferation1
B cell proliferation1
positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation1
positive regulation of B cell activation1
calcineurin-mediated signaling1
positive regulation of RNA biosynthetic process1
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription1
antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway1
skeletal system development1
animal organ development1
connective tissue development1
response to calcium ion1
cellular response to metal ion1
myoblast fusion1
positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion1
regulation of myoblast fusion1
vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation1
negative regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation1
regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation1
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription1
macromolecule biosynthetic process1
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

2242 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
NFATC2JUNP05412942
NFATC2FOSP01100937
NFATC2CREB1P16220930
NFATC2SMAD3P84022925
NFATC2RELAQ04206879
NFATC2FOXP3Q9BZS1843
NFATC2CALM1P02593778
NFATC2CALML3P27482778
NFATC2CALML5Q9NZT1778
NFATC2CALML6Q8TD86772
NFATC2CALML4Q96GE6772
NFATC2PPP3R1P06705759
NFATC2IL2P01585758
NFATC2NFATC1O95644747
NFATC2HDAC1Q13547743

IntAct

48 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
FOSJUNpsi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity)0.980
JUNNFATC1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.610
VRK2NFATC2psi-mi:“MI:0217”(phosphorylation reaction)0.610
VRK2NFATC2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.610
NFATC2VRK2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.610
VRK2NFATC2psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.610
LRRK2PSMD11psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.600
FOXP2psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.590
NFATC2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.590
FOXP2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.590
FOXP2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.590
PPP3CANFATC2psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.560
NFATC2LRRK2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
IL2NFATC2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
NFATC2IL2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
NFATC2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.500
NFATC2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.500
NFATC2CREB1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.500
NFATC2NFATC2psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.440
NFATC2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.400
NFATC2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.400
NFATC2USP22psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.400

BioGRID (234): HCVgp1 (Reconstituted Complex), NFATC2 (Reconstituted Complex), NFATC2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NFATC2 (Affinity Capture-MS), IKZF1 (Affinity Capture-Western), JUN (Affinity Capture-Western), RPTOR (Affinity Capture-Western), CREB1 (Affinity Capture-Western), EP300 (Affinity Capture-Western), FOS (Affinity Capture-Western), CHEK1 (Affinity Capture-Western), SCAI (Affinity Capture-Western), IKZF2 (Affinity Capture-Western), GSK3B (Affinity Capture-Western), RUNX1 (Affinity Capture-Western)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0G2JTY4, A2VD01, A5PMU4, A8E4V2, D2HNW6, E1BEQ5, O54972, O95644, P16236, P59281, P70365, P97305, Q12968, Q13191, Q13469, Q13905, Q15788, Q1LY51, Q2VPU4, Q3LRZ1, Q3TTA7, Q3U182, Q4PJW2, Q4VCS5, Q60591, Q61122, Q66IV1, Q68FF7, Q6DFR2, Q6GQL0, Q6NYU6, Q6ZNC4, Q80TM6, Q80VG1, Q8HWS3, Q8IXK0, Q8IY63, Q8K4S7, Q8N228, Q8VHG2

Diamond homologs: A0A0G2JTY4, D3Z9H7, D3ZGB1, O77638, O88942, O94916, O95644, P97305, P98201, Q12968, Q13469, Q14934, Q60591, Q8K120, Q9WV30

SIGNOR signaling

91 interactions.

AEffectBMechanism
NFATC2up-regulatesMEF2Abinding
NFATC2up-regulatesMEF2Dbinding
MAPK8down-regulatesNFATC2phosphorylation
MAPK9down-regulatesNFATC2phosphorylation
PPP3CAup-regulatesNFATC2dephosphorylation
GSK3Bdown-regulatesNFATC2phosphorylation
VRK2up-regulatesNFATC2phosphorylation
PPP3CBup-regulatesNFATC2dephosphorylation
PPP3CCup-regulatesNFATC2dephosphorylation
NFATC2“up-regulates quantity by expression”MYOG“transcriptional regulation”
PPP3CB“up-regulates activity”NFATC2dephosphorylation
PPP3CC“up-regulates activity”NFATC2dephosphorylation

Disease & clinical

Cancer significance

From intOGen — cancer-driver classification: activating (oncogene-like) across 2 cancer types — PAAD, READ.

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

147 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic1
Uncertain significance116
Likely benign8
Benign6

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant IDHGVSClassification
1693111NM_012340.5(NFATC2):c.*71T>GLikely pathogenic

SpliceAI

2871 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
20:51435182:CCTTA:Cdonor_loss1.0000
20:51435183:CTTAC:Cdonor_loss1.0000
20:51435184:TTAC:Tdonor_loss1.0000
20:51435185:TA:Tdonor_loss1.0000
20:51435186:ACCTG:Adonor_loss1.0000
20:51435187:CCTGG:Cdonor_gain1.0000
20:51435311:TGTT:Tacceptor_gain1.0000
20:51435688:G:Cdonor_gain1.0000
20:51435704:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
20:51435705:C:CCdonor_gain1.0000
20:51435705:CGGG:Cdonor_gain1.0000
20:51454684:CTGGG:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
20:51454685:TGGG:Tacceptor_gain1.0000
20:51454688:GC:Gacceptor_loss1.0000
20:51454689:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
20:51454690:T:Gacceptor_loss1.0000
20:51473979:CAGCA:Cdonor_gain1.0000
20:51475456:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
20:51475457:C:CCdonor_gain1.0000
20:51475656:TGGAG:Tacceptor_gain1.0000
20:51475657:GGAG:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
20:51475658:GAG:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
20:51475659:AG:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
20:51475659:AGCT:Aacceptor_loss1.0000
20:51475661:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
20:51475662:T:Cacceptor_loss1.0000
20:51475664:G:GCacceptor_gain1.0000
20:51516778:CCATA:Cdonor_loss1.0000
20:51516779:CATAC:Cdonor_loss1.0000
20:51516780:ATAC:Adonor_loss1.0000

AlphaMissense

5976 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
20:51435197:A:CY675D1.000
20:51435202:A:GF673S1.000
20:51435216:A:CS668R1.000
20:51435216:A:TS668R1.000
20:51435218:T:GS668R1.000
20:51435241:A:TV660D1.000
20:51435301:A:TV640D1.000
20:51435747:A:GW622R1.000
20:51435747:A:TW622R1.000
20:51454565:A:GF611S1.000
20:51454571:A:TV609D1.000
20:51454589:A:GF603S1.000
20:51454598:C:AG600V1.000
20:51454598:C:TG600E1.000
20:51454599:C:AG600W1.000
20:51454599:C:GG600R1.000
20:51454599:C:TG600R1.000
20:51454604:A:GL598P1.000
20:51454604:A:TL598H1.000
20:51454658:A:TV580D1.000
20:51454664:G:CP578R1.000
20:51454664:G:TP578H1.000
20:51454684:C:AQ571H1.000
20:51454684:C:GQ571H1.000
20:51473981:G:CC569W1.000
20:51473982:C:TC569Y1.000
20:51473983:A:GC569R1.000
20:51473988:A:TI567N1.000
20:51473997:G:AS564F1.000
20:51473997:G:TS564Y1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000004679 (20:51400380 C>A), RS1000014784 (20:51563201 T>C), RS1000027112 (20:51404557 A>G), RS1000052732 (20:51525369 A>G), RS1000081362 (20:51433067 C>T), RS1000094108 (20:51486484 C>G,T), RS1000101324 (20:51553880 C>G), RS1000135593 (20:51443449 T>G), RS1000135999 (20:51436181 G>A), RS1000172720 (20:51409535 C>T), RS1000188095 (20:51447098 T>A,G), RS1000228980 (20:51447368 G>A), RS1000239730 (20:51518435 C>T), RS1000241461 (20:51400087 A>C), RS1000244849 (20:51453534 T>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:600490 | disease phenotypes: MIM:115200, MIM:620232

GenCC curated gene-disease

DiseaseClassificationInheritance
lymphoproliferative syndromeModerateAutosomal recessive
joint contractures, osteochondromas, and B-cell lymphomaLimitedAutosomal recessive

ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity (1)

Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.

DiseaseClassificationInheritance
congenital heart diseaseDisputedAD

Mondo (3): dilated cardiomyopathy 1A (MONDO:0007269), joint contractures, osteochondromas, and B-cell lymphoma (MONDO:0859369), lymphoproliferative syndrome (MONDO:0016537)

Orphanet (1): Familial dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction defect due to LMNA mutation (Orphanet:300751)

HPO phenotypes

12 total (12 of 12 shown, HPO-id order):

HPOTerm
HP:0000007Autosomal recessive inheritance
HP:0002953Vertebral compression fracture
HP:0003273Hip contracture
HP:0004349Reduced bone mineral density
HP:0006380Knee flexion contracture
HP:0006466Ankle flexion contracture
HP:0008445Cervical spinal canal stenosis
HP:0008940Generalized lymphadenopathy
HP:0011463Childhood onset
HP:0012191B-cell lymphoma
HP:0030080Burkitt lymphoma
HP:0030431Osteochondroma

GWAS associations

25 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST002083_34Self-reported allergy7.000000e-09
GCST002114_4Molar-incisor hypomineralization5.000000e-06
GCST002337_24Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sporadic)5.000000e-06
GCST002682_15Tourette’s syndrome or obsessive-compulsive disorder8.000000e-06
GCST002843_17Sitting height ratio8.000000e-10
GCST002915_2Asparaginase hypersensitivity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia4.000000e-08
GCST004600_113Eosinophil percentage of white cells7.000000e-09
GCST004624_72Sum eosinophil basophil counts4.000000e-09
GCST004993_1White matter microstructure in first episode schizophrenia (right anterior cingulate cortex)1.000000e-07
GCST005038_54Allergic disease (asthma, hay fever or eczema)1.000000e-12
GCST006409_28Allergic rhinitis5.000000e-08
GCST006624_125Systolic blood pressure4.000000e-17
GCST007847_93Type 2 diabetes2.000000e-09
GCST007928_10Medication use (diuretics)2.000000e-10
GCST007929_85Medication use (calcium channel blockers)1.000000e-08
GCST007930_27Medication use (agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system)4.000000e-08
GCST008152_62Weight2.000000e-06
GCST008163_272Height1.000000e-06
GCST009674_2Urinary uric acid excretion4.000000e-06
GCST010042_143Asthma3.000000e-09
GCST010118_79Type 2 diabetes7.000000e-10
GCST90002381_254Eosinophil count6.000000e-12
GCST90002382_533Eosinophil percentage of white cells2.000000e-14
GCST90002388_583Lymphocyte count4.000000e-09
GCST90020024_806A body shape index5.000000e-08

EFO canonical traits (15, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0005321molar-incisor hypomineralization
EFO:0007118sitting height ratio
EFO:0004881asparaginase hypersensitivity
EFO:0007991eosinophil percentage of leukocytes
EFO:0004842eosinophil count
EFO:0005090basophil count
EFO:0005674white matter microstructure measurement
EFO:0006335systolic blood pressure
EFO:0009928Diuretic use measurement
EFO:0009930Calcium channel blocker use measurement
EFO:0009931Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system use measurement
EFO:0004338body weight
EFO:0004761uric acid measurement
EFO:0004587lymphocyte count
EFO:0007789BMI-adjusted waist circumference

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

DescriptorNameTree numbers
D008232Lymphoproliferative DisordersC15.604.515; C20.683.515

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

PharmGKB clinical annotations

1 annotations.

VariantTypeLevelDrugsPhenotypes
rs6021191Toxicity3asparaginaseAcute lymphoblastic leukemia

PharmGKB variants

3 variants.

VariantGenesLevelScore#Clin annotsDrugs
rs3787186NFATC20.000
rs6021191NFATC233.001asparaginase
rs6123048NFATC20.000

CTD chemical–gene interactions

72 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Valproic Acidaffects cotreatment, increases expression, increases methylation4
Calcimycinincreases reaction, decreases phosphorylation, increases activity, decreases reaction, affects cotreatment (+1 more)3
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetateaffects binding, increases expression, affects cotreatment, increases activity, affects localization (+3 more)3
bisphenol Aaffects cotreatment, decreases methylation, increases expression, affects reaction, decreases expression2
arsenitedecreases reaction, increases methylation, affects binding2
sodium arseniteaffects methylation, increases expression2
Arsenicaffects methylation, increases expression2
Benzo(a)pyrenedecreases methylation, affects methylation2
Cisplatinaffects cotreatment, decreases expression2
GSK-J4increases expression1
FR900359increases phosphorylation1
TAK-243decreases sumoylation1
dicrotophosincreases expression1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
2,5,2’,5’-tetrachlorobiphenyldecreases expression1
2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-oneincreases expression1
11-nor-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acidaffects methylation, increases abundance1
fisetindecreases reaction, increases activity1
benzo(e)pyreneincreases methylation1
aflatoxin B2increases methylation1
hydroquinoneincreases expression1
di-n-butylphosphoric acidaffects expression1
CGP 52608affects binding, increases reaction1
N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)arachidonylamidedecreases activity1
entinostatincreases expression1
bisperoxovanadiumaffects localization, affects binding, increases reaction, affects reaction, increases expression1
abrineincreases expression1
jinfukangaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
(+)-JQ1 compounddecreases expression1
Rosiglitazoneaffects response to substance1

Cellosaurus cell lines

5 cell lines: 5 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_B7YGAbcam Raji NFATC2 KOCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_B8LGAbcam HCT 116 NFATC2 KOCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_B8ZGAbcam MCF-7 NFATC2 KOCancer cell lineFemale
CVCL_B9NMAbcam A-549 NFATC2 KOCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_E0IYUbigene HeLa NFATC2 KOCancer cell lineFemale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

106 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

TrialPhaseStatusTitle
NCT00033475PHASE3COMPLETEDReduced Immunosuppressive Therapy With or Without Donor White Blood Cells in Treating Patients With Lymphoproliferative Disease After Organ Transplantation
NCT00053053PHASE3COMPLETEDComparison of Nutritional Supplements in Preventing Weight Loss in Patients With Cancer
NCT00058331PHASE3COMPLETEDEpoetin Alfa in Treating Anemia in Patients With Solid Tumors
NCT00070382PHASE3COMPLETEDDarbepoetin Alfa Compared With Epoetin Alfa in Treating Anemia in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Cancer
NCT00516503PHASE3COMPLETEDBaclofen-Amitriptyline Hydrochloride-Ketamine Gel in Treating Peripheral Neuropathy Caused by Chemotherapy in Patients With Cancer
NCT00661999PHASE3COMPLETEDDarbepoetin Alfa With or Without Iron in Treating Anemia Caused By Chemotherapy in Patients With Cancer
NCT00666211PHASE3COMPLETEDOpioid Titration Order Sheet or Standard Care in Treating Patients With Cancer Pain
NCT00719563PHASE3COMPLETEDAmerican Ginseng in Treating Patients With Fatigue Caused by Cancer
NCT00750009PHASE3COMPLETEDPersonalized Information or Basic Information in Helping Patients Make Decisions About Participating in a Clinical Trial
NCT03394365PHASE3RECRUITINGA Phase 3 Study of Tabelecleucel for Participants With Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disease After Failure With Rituximab or Rituximab and Chemotherapy
NCT05431179PHASE3WITHDRAWNA Study of Zilovertamab and Ibrutinib in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma
NCT00001379PHASE2COMPLETEDTreatment and Natural History Study of Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis
NCT00001438PHASE2COMPLETEDA Pilot Study of the Combination of Retinoic Acid and Interferon-Alpha2a for the Treatment of Lymphoproliferative Disorders in Children With Immunodeficiency Syndromes
NCT00066469PHASE2COMPLETEDCyclophosphamide, Rituximab, and Either Prednisone or Methylprednisolone in Treating Patients With Lymphoproliferative Disease After Solid Organ Transplantation
NCT00092222PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGVirotherapy and Natural History Study of KHSV-Associated Multricentric Castleman s Disease With Correlates of Disease Activity
NCT00255749PHASE2COMPLETEDEpoetin Alfa in Treating Patients With Anemia Who Are Undergoing Chemotherapy for Cancer
NCT00387530PHASE2WITHDRAWNPhenylbutyrate and Valganciclovir in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Cancer
NCT00416624PHASE2COMPLETEDEpoetin Alfa or Darbepoetin Alfa in Treating Patients With Anemia Caused by Chemotherapy
NCT00436618PHASE2COMPLETEDEverolimus in Treating Patients With Lymphoma That Has Relapsed or Not Responded to Previous Treatment
NCT00621036PHASE2WITHDRAWNVaccine Therapy and GM-CSF in Treating Patients With CNS Lymphoma
NCT00869323PHASE2TERMINATEDBortezomib and Rituximab in Treating Patients With Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders
NCT00992732PHASE2TERMINATEDStudy of HQK-1004 and Valganciclovir to Treat Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) - Positive Lymphoid Malignancies or Lymphoproliferative Disorders
NCT01116232PHASE2TERMINATEDSirolimus, Tacrolimus, Thymoglobulin and Rituximab as Graft-versus-Host-Disease Prophylaxis in Patients Undergoing Haploidentical and HLA Partially Matched Donor Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
NCT01118013PHASE2TERMINATEDDonor Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Relapsed Hematologic Malignancies or Secondary Myelodysplasia Previously Treated With High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplant
NCT02579967PHASE2RECRUITINGPilot Trial of Allogeneic Blood or Marrow Transplantation for Primary Immunodeficiencies
NCT02861417PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGBusulfan, Fludarabine Phosphate, and Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide in Treating Patients With Blood Cancer Undergoing Donor Stem Cell Transplant
NCT03258567PHASE2RECRUITINGNivolumab in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Positive Lymphoproliferative Disorders and EBV-Positive Non-HodgkinLymphomas
NCT03373019PHASE2UNKNOWNChidamide Combined With R-GDP in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
NCT03663933PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGAllogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Disorders of T-cell Proliferation and/or Dysregulation
NCT03744676PHASE2COMPLETEDA Safety Trial of Lisocabtagene Maraleucel (JCAR017) for Relapsed and Refractory (R/R) B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) in the Outpatient Setting (TRANSCEND-OUTREACH-007)
NCT03922724PHASE2RECRUITINGAllogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Peripheral T Cell Lymphoma
NCT04339777PHASE2RECRUITINGAllogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant for Patients With Inborn Errors of Immunity
NCT04463615PHASE2COMPLETEDLeflunomide for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory CD30+ Lymphoproliferative Disorders
NCT04554914PHASE2ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGA Study to Evaluate Tabelecleucel in Participants With Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) Associated Diseases
NCT04858256PHASE2RECRUITINGPacritinib in Relapsed/Refractory T-cell Lymphoproliferative Neoplasms
NCT04883437PHASE2RECRUITINGAcalabrutinib and Obinutuzumab for the Treatment of Previously Untreated Follicular Lymphoma or Other Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
NCT00002153PHASE1COMPLETEDTopical Use of 4,4’-Dihydroxybenzophenone-2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazone (A-007) in the Treatment of Advanced Malignancies Including Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Lymphoproliferative Disorders
NCT00013689PHASE1COMPLETEDPyrimethamine and Sulfadoxine for Treatment of Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome
NCT00028418PHASE1COMPLETEDClofarabine in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
NCT00058604PHASE1COMPLETEDPrevention and Treatment of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Lymphoma Following a Solid Organ Transplant Using EBV Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs).